1
|
Lin DY, Chen XM, Jiang X. Effect and mechanism of Proanthocyanidins on Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric mucosal injury in mice. WORLD CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIGESTOLOGY 2024; 32:368-375. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i5.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
|
2
|
Souissi S, Makni C, Chaieb B, Jarraya A, Toulgui N, Jmal L, Mlika M, Fendri C, Bouchoucha M, Razgallah R, Ammar LB, Bousnina O, Mezni F, Jmal A, Kallel L. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori: a prospective comparative randomized trial of standard versus optimized quadruple therapy. Future Sci OA 2024; 10:FSO974. [PMID: 38817354 PMCID: PMC11137849 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection remains a challenge. None of the proposed treatment regimens has resulted in a 100% eradication rate. The aim of our study was to compare the rate of H. pylori eradication after standard or dose-optimized amoxicillin quadruple therapy. We conducted a prospective comparative study collating patients naive to any anti-H. pylori treatment and with chronic H. pylori infection documented by histological examination. Patients were randomly assigned to either standard quadruple therapy or optimized quadruple therapy. Eradication control was performed by urea breath test. Eighty-eight eligible patients were included with 44 in each group.There was no significant difference between the eradication rates of Qo-14 and Qs-14 neither in ITT (84 vs 70.4%; p = 0.127) nor in PP (82.1 vs 77.7%; p = 0.473). Compliance and tolerance appeared similar in each group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salma Souissi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Gastroenterology, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Cyrine Makni
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Gastroenterology, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Basma Chaieb
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Gastroenterology, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Amine Jarraya
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Gastroenterology, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Toulgui
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Gastroenterology, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Lobna Jmal
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Bacteriology & Biochemistry Laboratory, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Mlika
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Anatomopathology, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Chadlia Fendri
- Clinical Analysis Laboratory “Fendri”, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | | | - Rabie Razgallah
- University of Tunis El Manar, Dacima Consulting, Tunis, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Leila Belhadj Ammar
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Gastroenterology, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Bousnina
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Gastroenterology, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Fawzi Mezni
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Anatomopathology, Abderrahmen Mami Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Awatef Jmal
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Bacteriology & Biochemistry Laboratory, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Kallel
- University of Tunis El Manar, Departement of Gastroenterology, Mahmoud Matri Hospital, Ariana, 2080, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bendová B, Bímová BV, Čížková D, Daniszová K, Ďureje Ľ, Hiadlovská Z, Macholán M, Piálek J, Schmiedová L, Kreisinger J. The strength of gut microbiota transfer along social networks and genealogical lineages in the house mouse. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2024; 100:fiae075. [PMID: 38730559 PMCID: PMC11134300 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiae075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota of vertebrates is acquired from the environment and other individuals, including parents and unrelated conspecifics. In the laboratory mouse, a key animal model, inter-individual interactions are severely limited and its gut microbiota is abnormal. Surprisingly, our understanding of how inter-individual transmission impacts house mouse gut microbiota is solely derived from laboratory experiments. We investigated the effects of inter-individual transmission on gut microbiota in two subspecies of house mice (Mus musculus musculus and M. m. domesticus) raised in a semi-natural environment without social or mating restrictions. We assessed the correlation between microbiota composition (16S rRNA profiles), social contact intensity (microtransponder-based social networks), and mouse relatedness (microsatellite-based pedigrees). Inter-individual transmission had a greater impact on the lower gut (colon and cecum) than on the small intestine (ileum). In the lower gut, relatedness and social contact independently influenced microbiota similarity. Despite female-biased parental care, both parents exerted a similar influence on their offspring's microbiota, diminishing with the offspring's age in adulthood. Inter-individual transmission was more pronounced in M. m. domesticus, a subspecies, with a social and reproductive network divided into more closed modules. This suggests that the transmission magnitude depends on the social and genetic structure of the studied population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Bendová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 128 00, Czech Republic
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 603 00, Czech Republic
| | | | - Dagmar Čížková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Daniszová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Ľudovít Ďureje
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Hiadlovská
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Macholán
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Piálek
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Schmiedová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 128 00, Czech Republic
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Kreisinger
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague 128 00, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Săsăran MO, Mărginean CO, Lupu A, Koller AM. Vitamin D and Its Association with H. pylori Prevalence and Eradication: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3549. [PMID: 37630738 PMCID: PMC10459106 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Taking into account previous data that sustain a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and higher H. pylori infection positivity rates, this review aims to assess the influence of vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency upon the prevalence of H. pylori infection and its eradication success. Three major databases were searched for articles that analyzed a relationship between vitamin D status and H. pylori infection. The literature search retrieved a total of 37 reports, after the article selection process. Hypovitaminosis D emerged as a potential risk factor for H. pylori infection, given the higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency among H. pylori-positive subjects. Furthermore, the same type of micronutrient deficiency has been directly linked to H. pylori eradication failure. An inverse linear relationship between vitamin D status and gastric cancer risk exists, but the additional involvement of H. pylori in this correlation is still in question. The potential benefit of oral supplements in enhancing the success of classical therapeutic regimens of H. pylori still requires future research. Future population-based studies from larger geographical areas are warranted to address this subject in more depth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oana Săsăran
- Department of Pediatrics 3, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology George Emil Palade from Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics 1, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology George Emil Palade from Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Ancuta Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iași, Universității Street No. 16, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Ana Maria Koller
- Clinics of Pediatrics, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 50, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Moraes Andrade PV, Monteiro YM, Chehter EZ. Third-line and rescue therapy for refractory Helicobacter pylori infection: A systematic review. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:390-409. [PMID: 36687120 PMCID: PMC9846933 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i2.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to increasing resistance rates of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) to different antibiotics, failures in eradication therapies are becoming more frequent. Even though eradication criteria and treatment algorithms for first-line and second-line therapy against H. pylori infection are well-established, there is no clear recommendation for third-line and rescue therapy in refractory H. pylori infection.
AIM To perform a systematic review evaluating the efficacy and safety of rescue therapies against refractory H. pylori infection.
METHODS A systematic search of available rescue treatments for refractory H. pylori infection was conducted on the National Library of Medicine’s PubMed search platform based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Randomized or non-randomized clinical trials and observational studies evaluating the effectiveness of H. pylori infection rescue therapies were included.
RESULTS Twenty-eight studies were included in the analysis of mean eradication rates as rescue therapy, and 21 of these were selected for analysis of mean eradication rate as third-line treatment. For rifabutin-, sitafloxacin-, levofloxacin-, or metronidazole-based triple-therapy as third-line treatment, mean eradication rates of 81.6% and 84.4%, 79.4% and 81.5%, 55.7% and 60.6%, and 62.0% and 63.0% were found in intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analysis, respectively. For third-line quadruple therapy, mean eradication rates of 69.2% and 72.1% were found for bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT), 88.9% and 90.9% for bismuth quadruple therapy, three-in-one, Pylera® (BQT-Pylera), and 61.3% and 64.2% for non-BQT) in ITT and PP analysis, respectively. For rifabutin-, sitafloxacin-, levofloxacin-, or metronidazole-based triple therapy as rescue therapy, mean eradication rates of 75.4% and 78.8%, 79.4 and 81.5%, 55.7% and 60.6%, and 62.0% and 63.0% were found in ITT and PP analysis, respectively. For quadruple therapy as rescue treatment, mean eradication rates of 76.7% and 79.2% for BQT, 84.9% and 87.8% for BQT-Pylera, and 61.3% and 64.2% for non-BQT were found in ITT and PP analysis, respectively. For susceptibility-guided therapy, mean eradication rates as third-line and rescue treatment were 75.0% in ITT and 79.2% in PP analysis.
CONCLUSION We recommend sitafloxacin-based triple therapy containing vonoprazan in regions with low macrolide resistance profile. In regions with known resistance to macrolides or unavailability of bismuth, rifabutin-based triple therapy is recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Mosca Monteiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André 09060-650, SP, Brazil
| | - Ethel Zimberg Chehter
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André 09060-650, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Helicobacter pylori: an up-to-date overview on the virulence and pathogenesis mechanisms. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:33-50. [PMID: 34988937 PMCID: PMC8731681 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is an organism associated with ulcer disease and gastric cancer. The latter is one of the most prevalent malignancies and currently the fourth major cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The pathogen infects about 50% of the world population, and currently, no treatment ensures its total elimination. There has been an increase in our understanding of the pathophysiology and pathogenesis mechanisms of H. pylori over the years. H. pylori can induce several genetic alterations, express numerous virulence factors, and trigger diverse adaptive mechanisms during its adherence and colonization. For successful colonization and infection establishment, several effector proteins/toxins are released by the organism. Evidence is also available reporting spiral to coccoid transition as a unique tactic H. pylori uses to survive in the host’s gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Thus, the virulence and pathogenicity of H. pylori are under the control of complex interplay between the virulence factors, host, and environmental factors. Expounding the role of the various virulence factors in H. pylori pathogenesis and clinical outcomes is crucial for vaccine development and in providing and developing a more effective therapeutic intervention. Here we critically reflect on H. pylori infection and delineate what is currently known about the virulence and pathogenesis mechanisms of H. pylori.
Collapse
|
7
|
Rosenberg E, Zilber-Rosenberg I. Reconstitution and Transmission of Gut Microbiomes and Their Genes between Generations. Microorganisms 2021; 10:microorganisms10010070. [PMID: 35056519 PMCID: PMC8780831 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiomes are transmitted between generations by a variety of different vertical and/or horizontal modes, including vegetative reproduction (vertical), via female germ cells (vertical), coprophagy and regurgitation (vertical and horizontal), physical contact starting at birth (vertical and horizontal), breast-feeding (vertical), and via the environment (horizontal). Analyses of vertical transmission can result in false negatives (failure to detect rare microbes) and false positives (strain variants). In humans, offspring receive most of their initial gut microbiota vertically from mothers during birth, via breast-feeding and close contact. Horizontal transmission is common in marine organisms and involves selectivity in determining which environmental microbes can colonize the organism's microbiome. The following arguments are put forth concerning accurate microbial transmission: First, the transmission may be of functions, not necessarily of species; second, horizontal transmission may be as accurate as vertical transmission; third, detection techniques may fail to detect rare microbes; lastly, microbiomes develop and reach maturity with their hosts. In spite of the great variation in means of transmission discussed in this paper, microbiomes and their functions are transferred from one generation of holobionts to the next with fidelity. This provides a strong basis for each holobiont to be considered a unique biological entity and a level of selection in evolution, largely maintaining the uniqueness of the entity and conserving the species from one generation to the next.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ailloud F, Estibariz I, Suerbaum S. Evolved to vary: genome and epigenome variation in the human pathogen Helicobacter pylori. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:5900976. [PMID: 32880636 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative, spiral shaped bacterium that selectively and chronically infects the gastric mucosa of humans. The clinical course of this infection can range from lifelong asymptomatic infection to severe disease, including peptic ulcers or gastric cancer. The high mutation rate and natural competence typical of this species are responsible for massive inter-strain genetic variation exceeding that observed in all other bacterial human pathogens. The adaptive value of such a plastic genome is thought to derive from a rapid exploration of the fitness landscape resulting in fast adaptation to the changing conditions of the gastric environment. Nevertheless, diversity is also lost through recurrent bottlenecks and H. pylori's lifestyle is thus a perpetual race to maintain an appropriate pool of standing genetic variation able to withstand selection events. Another aspect of H. pylori's diversity is a large and variable repertoire of restriction-modification systems. While not yet completely understood, methylome evolution could generate enough transcriptomic variation to provide another intricate layer of adaptive potential. This review provides an up to date synopsis of this rapidly emerging area of H. pylori research that has been enabled by the ever-increasing throughput of Omics technologies and a multitude of other technological advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florent Ailloud
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Pettenkoferstr. 9a, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Iratxe Estibariz
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Pettenkoferstr. 9a, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Sebastian Suerbaum
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU München, Pettenkoferstr. 9a, 80336 München, Germany.,DZIF Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Partner Site Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 9a, 80336 München, Germany.,National Reference Center for Helicobacter pylori, Pettenkoferstr. 9a, 80336 München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fischer W, Tegtmeyer N, Stingl K, Backert S. Four Chromosomal Type IV Secretion Systems in Helicobacter pylori: Composition, Structure and Function. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1592. [PMID: 32754140 PMCID: PMC7366825 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori is genetically highly diverse and a major risk factor for the development of peptic ulcer disease and gastric adenocarcinoma in humans. During evolution, H. pylori has acquired multiple type IV secretion systems (T4SSs), and then adapted for various purposes. These T4SSs represent remarkable molecular transporter machines, often associated with an extracellular pilus structure present in many bacteria, which are commonly composed of multiple structural proteins spanning the inner and outer membranes. By definition, these T4SSs exhibit central functions mediated through the contact-dependent conjugative transfer of mobile DNA elements, the contact-independent release and uptake of DNA into and from the extracellular environment as well as the secretion of effector proteins in mammalian host target cells. In recent years, numerous features on the molecular functionality of these T4SSs were disclosed. H. pylori encodes up to four T4SSs on its chromosome, namely the Cag T4SS present in the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI), the ComB system, as well as the Tfs3 and Tfs4 T4SSs, some of which exhibit unique T4SS functions. The Cag T4SS facilitates the delivery of the CagA effector protein and pro-inflammatory signal transduction through translocated ADP-heptose and chromosomal DNA, while various structural pilus proteins can target host cell receptors such as integrins or TLR5. The ComB apparatus mediates the import of free DNA from the extracellular milieu, whereas Tfs3 may accomplish the secretion or translocation of effector protein CtkA. Both Tfs3 and Tfs4 are furthermore presumed to act as conjugative DNA transfer machineries due to the presence of tyrosine recombinases with cognate recognition sequences, conjugational relaxases, and potential origins of transfer (oriT) found within the tfs3 and tfs4 genome islands. In addition, some extrachromosomal plasmids, transposons and phages have been discovered in multiple H. pylori isolates. The genetic exchange mediated by DNA mobilization events of chromosomal genes and plasmids combined with recombination events could account for much of the genetic diversity found in H. pylori. In this review, we highlight our current knowledge on the four T4SSs and the involved mechanisms with consequences for H. pylori adaptation to the hostile environment in the human stomach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Fischer
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Tegtmeyer
- Department Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stingl
- Department of Biological Safety, National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Backert
- Department Biologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|