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Torres R, Thal LB, McBride JR, Cohen BE, Rosenthal SJ. Quantum Dot Fluorescent Imaging: Using Atomic Structure Correlation Studies to Improve Photophysical Properties. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:3632-3640. [PMID: 38476823 PMCID: PMC10926165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c07367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Efforts to study intricate, higher-order cellular functions have called for fluorescence imaging under physiologically relevant conditions such as tissue systems in simulated native buffers. This endeavor has presented novel challenges for fluorescent probes initially designed for use in simple buffers and monolayer cell culture. Among current fluorescent probes, semiconductor nanocrystals, or quantum dots (QDs), offer superior photophysical properties that are the products of their nanoscale architectures and chemical formulations. While their high brightness and photostability are ideal for these biological environments, even state of the art QDs can struggle under certain physiological conditions. A recent method correlating electron microscopy ultrastructure with single-QD fluorescence has begun to highlight subtle structural defects in QDs once believed to have no significant impact on photoluminescence (PL). Specific defects, such as exposed core facets, have been shown to quench QD PL in physiologically accurate conditions. For QD-based imaging in complex cellular systems to be fully realized, mechanistic insight and structural optimization of size and PL should be established. Insight from single QD resolution atomic structure and photophysical correlative studies provides a direct course to synthetically tune QDs to match these challenging environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben Torres
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Lucas B. Thal
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - James R. McBride
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
| | - Bruce E. Cohen
- The
Molecular Foundry and Division of Molecular Biophysics & Integrated
Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sandra J. Rosenthal
- Department
of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute for Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
- Vanderbilt
Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37240, United States
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Reid G, Dhir R, Bron PA. Fixing Functional GI Disorders Using Microbes: Easier Said Than Done. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:804179. [PMID: 35360061 PMCID: PMC8963371 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.804179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Reid
- Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Gregor Reid,
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Tomlinson ID, Kovtun O, Torres R, Bellocchio LG, Josephs T, Rosenthal SJ. A Novel Biotinylated Homotryptamine Derivative for Quantum Dot Imaging of Serotonin Transporter in Live Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:667044. [PMID: 34867196 PMCID: PMC8637195 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.667044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The serotonin transporter (SERT) is the primary target for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants that are thought to exert their therapeutic effects by increasing the synaptic concentration of serotonin. Consequently, probes that can be utilized to study cellular trafficking of SERT are valuable research tools. We have developed a novel ligand (IDT785) that is composed of a SERT antagonist (a tetrahydro pyridyl indole derivative) conjugated to a biotinylated poly ethylene glycol (PEG) via a phenethyl linker. This compound was determined to be biologically active and inhibited SERT-mediated reuptake of IDT307 with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 7.2 ± 0.3 μM. We demonstrated that IDT785 enabled quantum dot (QD) labeling of membrane SERT in transfected HEK-293 cultures that could be blocked using the high affinity serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine. Molecular docking studies suggested that IDT785 might be binding to the extracellular vestibule binding site rather than the orthosteric substrate binding site, which could be attributable to the hydrophilicity of the PEG chain and the increased loss of degrees of freedom that would be required to penetrate into the orthosteric binding site. Using IDT785, we were able to study the membrane localization and membrane dynamics of YFP-SERT heterologously expressed in HEK-293 cells and demonstrated that SERT expression was enriched in the membrane edge and in thin cellular protrusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian D. Tomlinson
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Oleg Kovtun
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Ruben Torres
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | | | - Travis Josephs
- Neuroscience Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Sandra J. Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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Kovtun O, Torres R, Bellocchio LG, Rosenthal SJ. Membrane Nanoscopic Organization of D2L Dopamine Receptor Probed by Quantum Dot Tracking. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:578. [PMID: 34436341 PMCID: PMC8401772 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The role of lateral mobility and nanodomain organization of G protein-coupled receptors in modulating subcellular signaling has been under increasing scrutiny. Investigation of D2 dopamine receptor diffusion dynamics is of particular interest, as these receptors have been linked to altered neurotransmission in affective disorders and represent the primary target for commonly prescribed antipsychotics. Here, we applied our single quantum dot tracking approach to decipher intrinsic diffusion patterns of the wild-type long isoform of the D2 dopamine receptor and its genetic variants previously identified in several cohorts of schizophrenia patients. We identified a subtle decrease in the diffusion rate of the Val96Ala mutant that parallels its previously reported reduced affinity for potent neuroleptics clozapine and chlorpromazine. Slower Val96Ala variant diffusion was not accompanied by a change in receptor-receptor transient interactions as defined by the diffraction-limited quantum dot colocalization events. In addition, we implemented a Voronoї tessellation-based algorithm to compare nanoclustering of the D2 dopamine receptor to the dominant anionic phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in the plasma membrane of live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Kovtun
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (R.T.); (L.G.B.)
| | - Ruben Torres
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (R.T.); (L.G.B.)
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Laurel G. Bellocchio
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (R.T.); (L.G.B.)
| | - Sandra Jean Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (R.T.); (L.G.B.)
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Kargozar S, Hoseini SJ, Milan PB, Hooshmand S, Kim H, Mozafari M. Quantum Dots: A Review from Concept to Clinic. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000117. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Hoseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sara Hooshmand
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hae‐Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN) Dankook University Cheonan Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook University Cheonan Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry Dankook University Cheonan Republic of Korea
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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