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Panchenko PE, Hippauf L, Konsman JP, Badaut J. Do astrocytes act as immune cells after pediatric TBI? Neurobiol Dis 2023; 185:106231. [PMID: 37468048 PMCID: PMC10530000 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are in contact with the vasculature, neurons, oligodendrocytes and microglia, forming a local network with various functions critical for brain homeostasis. One of the primary responders to brain injury are astrocytes as they detect neuronal and vascular damage, change their phenotype with morphological, proteomic and transcriptomic transformations for an adaptive response. The role of astrocytic responses in brain dysfunction is not fully elucidated in adult, and even less described in the developing brain. Children are vulnerable to traumatic brain injury (TBI), which represents a leading cause of death and disability in the pediatric population. Pediatric brain trauma, even with mild severity, can lead to long-term health complications, such as cognitive impairments, emotional disorders and social dysfunction later in life. To date, the underlying pathophysiology is still not fully understood. In this review, we focus on the astrocytic response in pediatric TBI and propose a potential immune role of the astrocyte in response to trauma. We discuss the contribution of astrocytes in the local inflammatory cascades and secretion of various immunomodulatory factors involved in the recruitment of local microglial cells and peripheral immune cells through cerebral blood vessels. Taken together, we propose that early changes in the astrocytic phenotype can alter normal development of the brain, with long-term consequences on neurological outcomes, as described in preclinical models and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lea Hippauf
- CNRS UMR 5536 RMSB-University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Jerome Badaut
- CNRS UMR 5536 RMSB-University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
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Zhang L, Li C, He Y, Kuang C, Qiu X, Gu L, Wu J, Pang J, Zhang L, Xie B, Peng J, Yin S, Jiang Y. TRPM4 Drives Cerebral Edema by Switching to Alternative Splicing Isoform After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:1779-1795. [PMID: 37078148 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects persons of all ages and is recognized as a major cause of death and disability worldwide; it also brings heavy life burden to patients and their families. The treatment of those with secondary injury after TBI is still scarce, however. Alternative splicing (AS) is a crucial post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism associated with various physiological processes, while the contribution of AS in treatment after TBI is poorly illuminated. In this study, we performed and analyzed the transcriptome and proteome datasets of brain tissue at multiple time points in a controlled cortical impact (CCI) mouse model. We found that AS, as an independent change against the transcriptional level, is a novel mechanism linked to cerebral edema after TBI. Bioinformatics analysis further indicated that the transformation of splicing isoforms after TBI was related to cerebral edema. Accordingly, we found that the fourth exon of transient receptor potential channel melastatin 4 (Trpm4) abrogated skipping at 72 h after TBI, resulting in a frameshift of the encoded amino acid and an increase in the proportion of spliced isoforms. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we have shown the numbers of 3nEx isoforms of Trpm4 may be positively correlated with volume of cerebral edema. Thus alternative splicing of Trpm4 becomes a noteworthy mechanism of potential influence on edema. In summary, alternative splicing of Trpm4 may drive cerebral edema after TBI. Trpm4 is a potential therapeutic targeting cerebral edema in patients with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chaojie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yijing He
- Department of Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chenghao Kuang
- Department of Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiancheng Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Long Gu
- Department of Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinwei Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Department of Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bingqing Xie
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shigang Yin
- Department of Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Epigenetics and Brain Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Construction and Evaluation of Prognosis Prediction Model for Patients with Brain Contusion and Laceration Based on Machine Learning. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4311434. [PMID: 35602351 PMCID: PMC9119748 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4311434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective Finding valuable risk factors for the prognosis of brain contusion and laceration can help patients understand the condition and improve the prognosis. This study is aimed at analyzing the risk factors of poor prognosis in patients with brain contusion after the operation. Methods A total of 136 patients with cerebral contusion and laceration combined with cerebral hernia treated by neurosurgical craniotomy in our hospital were retrospectively selected and divided into a training set (n = 95) and a test set (n = 41) by the 10-fold crossover method. Logistic regression and back-propagation neural network prediction models were established to predict poor prognosis factors. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the calibration curve were used to verify the differentiation and consistency of the prediction model. Results Based on logistic regression and back-propagation neural network prediction models, GCS score ≤ 8 on admission, blood loss ≥ 30 ml, mannitol ≥ 2 weeks, anticoagulants before admission, and surgical treatment are the risk factors that affect the poor prognosis of patients with a cerebral contusion after the operation. The area under the ROC was 0.816 (95% CI 0.705~0.926) and 0.819 (95% CI 0.708~0.931), respectively. Conclusion The prediction model based on the risk factors that affect the poor prognosis of patients with brain contusion and laceration has good discrimination and accuracy.
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Smith DH, Kochanek PM, Rosi S, Meyer R, Ferland-Beckham C, Prager EM, Ahlers ST, Crawford F. Roadmap for Advancing Pre-Clinical Science in Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2021; 38:3204-3221. [PMID: 34210174 PMCID: PMC8820284 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2021.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-clinical models of disease have long played important roles in the advancement of new treatments. However, in traumatic brain injury (TBI), despite the availability of numerous model systems, translation from bench to bedside remains elusive. Integrating clinical relevance into pre-clinical model development is a critical step toward advancing therapies for TBI patients across the spectrum of injury severity. Pre-clinical models include in vivo and ex vivo animal work-both small and large-and in vitro modeling. The wide range of pre-clinical models reflect substantial attempts to replicate multiple aspects of TBI sequelae in humans. Although these models reveal multiple putative mechanisms underlying TBI pathophysiology, failures to translate these findings into successful clinical trials call into question the clinical relevance and applicability of the models. Here, we address the promises and pitfalls of pre-clinical models with the goal of evolving frameworks that will advance translational TBI research across models, injury types, and the heterogenous etiology of pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas H Smith
- Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patrick M Kochanek
- Department of Critical Care Medicine; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Susanna Rosi
- Departments of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science, Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Retsina Meyer
- Cohen Veterans Bioscience, New York, New York, USA.,Delix Therapeutics, Inc, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Stephen T Ahlers
- Department of Neurotrauma, Operational and Undersea Medicine Directorate Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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