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Ferrer-Font L, Burn OK, Mayer JU, Price KM. Immunophenotyping challenging tissue types using high-dimensional full spectrum flow cytometry. Methods Cell Biol 2024; 186:51-90. [PMID: 38705606 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Technological advancements in fluorescence flow cytometry and an ever-expanding understanding of the complexity of the immune system, have led to the development of large flow cytometry panels, reaching up to 40 markers at the single-cell level. Full spectrum flow cytometry, that measures the full emission range of all the fluorophores present in the panel instead of only the emission peaks is now routinely used in many laboratories internationally, and the demand for this technology is rapidly increasing. With the capacity to use larger and more complex staining panels, optimized protocols are required for the best panel design, panel validation and high-dimensional data analysis outcomes. In addition, for ex vivo experiments, tissue preparation methods for single-cell analysis should also be optimized to ensure that samples are of the highest quality and are truly representative of tissues in situ. Here we provide optimized step-by-step protocols for full spectrum flow cytometry panel design, tissue digestion and panel optimization to facilitate the analysis of challenging tissue types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ferrer-Font
- Hugh Green Cytometry Centre, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Olivia K Burn
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Johannes U Mayer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kylie M Price
- Hugh Green Cytometry Centre, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
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Vorobjev IA, Kussanova A, Barteneva NS. Development of Spectral Imaging Cytometry. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2635:3-22. [PMID: 37074654 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3020-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Spectral flow cytometry is a new technology that enables measurements of fluorescent spectra and light scattering properties in diverse cellular populations with high precision. Modern instruments allow simultaneous determination of up to 40+ fluorescent dyes with heavily overlapping emission spectra, discrimination of autofluorescent signals in the stained specimens, and detailed analysis of diverse autofluorescence of different cells-from mammalian to chlorophyll-containing cells like cyanobacteria. In this paper, we review the history, compare modern conventional and spectral flow cytometers, and discuss several applications of spectral flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan A Vorobjev
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
- A.N. Belozersky Insitute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Aigul Kussanova
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Core Facilities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Natasha S Barteneva
- School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Brigham Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhang T, Gao M, Chen X, Gao C, Feng S, Chen D, Wang J, Zhao X, Chen J. Demands and technical developments of clinical flow cytometry with emphasis in quantitative, spectral, and imaging capabilities. NANOTECHNOLOGY AND PRECISION ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/10.0015301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As the gold-standard method for single-cell analysis, flow cytometry enables high-throughput and multiple-parameter characterization of individual biological cells. This review highlights the demands for clinical flow cytometry in laboratory hematology (e.g., diagnoses of minimal residual disease and various types of leukemia), summarizes state-of-the-art clinical flow cytometers (e.g., FACSLyricTM by Becton Dickinson, DxFLEX by Beckman Coulter), then considers innovative technical improvements in flow cytometry (including quantitative, spectral, and imaging approaches) to address the limitations of clinical flow cytometry in hematology diagnosis. Finally, driven by these clinical demands, future developments in clinical flow cytometry are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengge Gao
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chiyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shilun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaosu Zhao
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing 100044, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
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Jensen HA, Kim J. iCoreDrop: A robust immune monitoring spectral cytometry assay with six open channels for biomarker flexibility. Cytometry A 2022; 103:405-418. [PMID: 36458334 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in spectral cytometry have extended our ability to monitor immune cell subsets and activation status while simultaneously improving rare population detection. However, technical challenges in reference control selection and autofluorescence extraction serve as barriers to broad application of spectral flow cytometry. Furthermore, the complexity of spectral cytometry panel development limits the adaptation of established assays. Here, we describe the development of a spectral immunophenotyping assay with robust drop-in capability to enable biomarker interrogation flexibility. The immune monitoring core (iCore), which can be used in part or total, captures broad and granular immune subsets across T cells, B cells, NK cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and granulocytes in peripheral whole blood. Additional user-selected biomarkers can be dropped in (Drop) using channels BV421, Alexa Fluor 488, PE, PE-Cy7, APC, and APC-Cy7. A comprehensive assessment of reagent and panel performance was conducted, including reference control comparison and optimal autofluorescence (AF) extraction on the 5-laser Cytek Aurora system for healthy donor blood. Assay precision and stability analyses revealed robust intra-assay precision, with 95% of 83 distinct population gates having <20% CV. In the presence of additional drop-in markers in two different settings, a T cell module and a myeloid/B cell module, the drop-in channels themselves achieved <20% CV across 12 out of 13 additionally queried population gates. Overall, establishment of optimal unmixing practices will enable widespread adoption of spectral cytometry assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly A Jensen
- Translational Research, Tumor Microenvironment Thematic Research Center, Bristol Myers Squibb, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - Jeong Kim
- Translational Research, Tumor Microenvironment Thematic Research Center, Bristol Myers Squibb, Redwood City, California, USA
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