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Dupuis A, Chen Y, Hansen M, Chow K, Sun JE, Badve C, Ma D, Griswold MA, Boyacioglu R. Quantifying 3D MR fingerprinting (3D-MRF) reproducibility across subjects, sessions, and scanners automatically using MNI atlases. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:2074-2088. [PMID: 38192239 PMCID: PMC10950529 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quantitative MRI techniques such as MR fingerprinting (MRF) promise more objective and comparable measurements of tissue properties at the point-of-care than weighted imaging. However, few direct cross-modal comparisons of MRF's repeatability and reproducibility versus weighted acquisitions have been performed. This work proposes a novel fully automated pipeline for quantitatively comparing cross-modal imaging performance in vivo via atlas-based sampling. METHODS We acquire whole-brain 3D-MRF, turbo spin echo, and MPRAGE sequences three times each on two scanners across 10 subjects, for a total of 60 multimodal datasets. The proposed automated registration and analysis pipeline uses linear and nonlinear registration to align all qualitative and quantitative DICOM stacks to Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) 152 space, then samples each dataset's native space through transformation inversion to compare performance within atlas regions across subjects, scanners, and repetitions. RESULTS Voxel values within MRF-derived maps were found to be more repeatable (σT1 = 1.90, σT2 = 3.20) across sessions than vendor-reconstructed MPRAGE (σT1w = 6.04) or turbo spin echo (σT2w = 5.66) images. Additionally, MRF was found to be more reproducible across scanners (σT1 = 2.21, σT2 = 3.89) than either qualitative modality (σT1w = 7.84, σT2w = 7.76). Notably, differences between repeatability and reproducibility of in vivo MRF were insignificant, unlike the weighted images. CONCLUSION MRF data from many sessions and scanners can potentially be treated as a single dataset for harmonized analysis or longitudinal comparisons without the additional regularization steps needed for qualitative modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dupuis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Kelvin Chow
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jessie E.P. Sun
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Chaitra Badve
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark A. Griswold
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rasim Boyacioglu
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Cheng M, Chen X, Lei Y, Li B, Jiang Y, Xu Y, Zhou X, Wang X. Clinical Evaluation Of a 0.05 D-step Binocular Wavefront Optometer in Young Adults in China. Clin Exp Optom 2024; 107:395-401. [PMID: 36794379 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2023.2175603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Myopia has become a public health priority as its prevalence increases worldwide, and in clinical practice, the precise evaluation of refraction errors is necessary. BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare objective and subjective refraction measured by a binocular wavefront optometer (BWFOM) in adults with conventional objective and subjective refractions measured by an optometrist. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 119 eyes of 119 participants (34 men and 85 women; mean age:27.5 ± 6.3 years). Refractive errors were measured using BWFOM and conventional methods, with and without cycloplegia. The mean outcome measures were spherical power, cylindrical power, and spherical equivalence (SE). The agreement test was assessed using a two-tailed paired t-test and Bland - Altman plots. RESULTS Under noncycloplegic conditions, there were no significant differences in the objective SE between BWFOM and Nidek. Significant differences in subjective SE were observed between BWFOM and conventional subjective refraction (-5.79 ± 1.86 vs -5.65 ± 1.75 D, P < 0.01). Under cycloplegic conditions, the mean objective SE was significantly different between BWFOM and Nidek (-5.70 ± 1.76 vs -5.50 ± 1.83 D, P < 0.001); the mean subjective SE was significantly different between BWFOM and conventional subjective refractions (-5.52 ± 1.77 vs -5.62 ± 1.79 D, P < 0.001). The Bland - Altman plots revealed mean percentages of 95.38% and 95.17% for the points within the limits of agreement between BWFOM and conventional measurements and those between noncycloplegic and cycloplegic refractions, respectively. CONCLUSION The BWFOM is a new device that measures both objective and subjective refraction. It is more convenient and faster to obtain a proper prescription at a 0.05-D interval. The subjective refraction results of the BWFOM and the conventional subjective refraction were in good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
| | - Yadi Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinjie Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fudan University Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission Key Lab of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
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Mozer PS, Guentsch A. An in vitro analysis of the accuracy of static and robot-assisted implant surgery. Clin Oral Implants Res 2024; 35:487-497. [PMID: 38189471 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Robot-assisted implant surgery (RAIS) is purported to improve the accuracy of implant placement. The objective of this study was to compare RAIS with static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) in a controlled environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of n = 102 implants were placed in the same modified typodont (n = 17 repeated simulated implant surgeries with each n = 3 implants per group) using robot-assisted or static computer-assisted implant surgery. The final implant positions were digitized utilizing cone-beam tomography and compared with the planned position. The angular deviation was the primary outcome parameter. 3D deviations at the implant platform level and the apex were secondary outcome parameters. Accuracy in terms of trueness and precision were assessed. Means, standard deviation, and 95%-confidence intervals were analyzed statistically. RESULTS The overall angular deviation was 2.66 ± 1.83° for the robotic system and 0.68 ± 0.38° for guided surgery using static guides (p < .001), the 3D-deviation of the implant platform at crest level was for sCAIS 0.79 ± 0.28 mm and RAIS 1.51 ± 0.53 mm (p < .001) and at the apex for sCAIS 0.82 ± 0.26 mm and for RAIS 1.97 ± 0.79 mm (p < .001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Robotically guided implant surgery was less accurate in terms of trueness (planned vs. actual position) and precision (deviations among implants) than traditional static computer-assisted implant surgery in this in vitro study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Mozer
- Private Practice, 100 West Market Street, Red Hook, New York, USA
| | - Arndt Guentsch
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Laforce E, Dejaeger K, Vanoppen M, Cornelissen E, De Clercq J, Vermeir P. Thorough Validation of Optimized Size Exclusion Chromatography-Total Organic Carbon Analysis for Natural Organic Matter in Fresh Waters. Molecules 2024; 29:2075. [PMID: 38731566 PMCID: PMC11085112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Size exclusion chromatography with total organic carbon detection (HPSEC-TOC) is a widely employed technique for characterizing aquatic natural organic matter (NOM) into high, medium, and low molecular weight fractions. This study validates the suitability of HPSEC-TOC for a simplified yet efficient routine analysis of freshwater and its application within drinking water treatment plants. The investigation highlights key procedural considerations for optimal results and shows the importance of sample preservation by refrigeration with a maximum storage duration of two weeks. Prior to analysis, the removal of inorganic carbon is essential, which is achieved without altering the NOM composition through sample acidification to pH 6 and subsequent N2-purging. The chromatographic separation employs a preparative TSK HW-50S column to achieve a limit of detection of 19.0 µgC dm-3 with an injection volume of 1350 mm-3. The method demonstrates linearity up to 10,000 µgC dm-3. Precision, trueness and recovery assessments are conducted using certified reference materials, model compounds, and real water samples. The relative measurement uncertainty in routine analysis ranges from 3.22% to 5.17%, while the measurement uncertainty on the bias is 8.73%. Overall, the HPSEC-TOC represents a reliable tool for NOM fractions analysis in both treated and untreated ground and surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elien Laforce
- Industrial Catalysis and Adsorption Technology (INCAT), Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karlien Dejaeger
- PaInT, Particle and Interfacial Technology Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Frieda Saeysstraat 1, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- CNRS, UMR 8516—LASIRE—Laboratoire Avancé de Spectroscopie pour les Intéractions la Réactivité et l’Environnement, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Marjolein Vanoppen
- PaInT, Particle and Interfacial Technology Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Frieda Saeysstraat 1, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emile Cornelissen
- PaInT, Particle and Interfacial Technology Group, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), Frieda Saeysstraat 1, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- KWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Jeriffa De Clercq
- Industrial Catalysis and Adsorption Technology (INCAT), Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vermeir
- Laboratory for Chemical Analysis (LCA), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Sridhar A, Khan H, Yohannan B, Chan KH, Kataria N, Jafri SH. A Review of the Current Approach and Treatment Landscape for Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2633. [PMID: 38731161 PMCID: PMC11084624 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic landscape of the management of stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has drastically evolved with the incorporation of immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Stage III NSCLC accounts for one-third of the cases and the treatment strategy of these locally advanced presentations are diverse, ranging from surgical to non-surgical options; with the incorporation of chemo-immunotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies wherever applicable. The staging of this disease has also changed, and it is essential to have a strong multidisciplinary approach to do justice to patient care. In this article, we aim to navigate the nuanced approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of stage III NSCLC and expand on the evolution of the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthi Sridhar
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
| | - Hina Khan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Binoy Yohannan
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
| | - Kok Hoe Chan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nilansh Kataria
- Department of Internal Medicine, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA;
| | - Syed Hasan Jafri
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Phan J, Calvo DC, Nair D, Jain S, Montagne T, Dietsche S, Blanchard K, Treadwell S, Adams J, Krajmalnik-Brown R. Precision synbiotics increase gut microbiome diversity and improve gastrointestinal symptoms in a pilot open-label study for autism spectrum disorder. mSystems 2024:e0050324. [PMID: 38661344 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00503-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of prebiotics and probiotics (synbiotics when combined) to improve symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has shown considerable inter-study variation, likely due to the complex, heterogeneous nature of the disorder and its associated behavioral, developmental, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Here, we present a precision synbiotic supplementation study in 296 children and adults diagnosed with ASD versus 123 age-matched neurotypical controls. One hundred seventy ASD participants completed the study. Baseline and post-synbiotic assessment of ASD and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and deep metagenomic sequencing were performed. Within the ASD cohort, there were significant differences in microbes between subpopulations based on the social responsiveness scale (SRS2) survey (Prevotella spp., Bacteroides, Fusicatenibacter, and others) and gluten and dairy-free diets (Bifidobacterium spp., Lactococcus, Streptococcus spp., and others). At the baseline, the ASD cohort maintained a lower taxonomic alpha diversity and significant differences in taxonomic composition, metabolic pathways, and gene families, with a greater proportion of potential pathogens, including Shigella, Klebsiella, and Clostridium, and lower proportions of beneficial microbes, including Faecalibacterium compared to controls. Following the 3-month synbiotic supplementation, the ASD cohort showed increased taxonomic alpha diversity, shifts in taxonomy and metabolic pathway potential, and improvements in some ASD-related symptoms, including a significant reduction in GI discomfort and overall improved language, comprehension, cognition, thinking, and speech. However, the open-label study design may include some placebo effects. In summary, we found that precision synbiotics modulated the gut microbiome and could be used as supplementation to improve gastrointestinal and ASD-related symptoms. IMPORTANCE Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is prevalent in 1 out of 36 children in the United States and contributes to health, financial, and psychological burdens. Attempts to identify a gut microbiome signature of ASD have produced varied results. The limited pre-clinical and clinical population sizes have hampered the success of these trials. To understand the microbiome associated with ASD, we employed whole metagenomic shotgun sequencing to classify microbial composition and genetic functional potential. Despite being one of the most extensive ASD post-synbiotic assessment studies, the results highlight the complexity of performing such a case-control supplementation study in this population and the potential for a future therapeutic approach in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joann Phan
- Sun Genomics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Diana C Calvo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Construction Management, and Environmental Engineering, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Divya Nair
- Sun Genomics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Suneer Jain
- Sun Genomics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - James Adams
- Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown
- Biodesign Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Zohourian N, Brown JA. Current trends in clinical trials and the development of small molecule epigenetic inhibitors as cancer therapeutics. Epigenomics 2024. [PMID: 38639711 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms control and regulate normal chromatin structure and gene expression patterns, with epigenetic dysregulation observed in many different cancer types. Importantly, epigenetic modifications are reversible, offering the potential to silence oncogenes and reactivate tumor suppressors. Small molecule drugs manipulating these epigenetic mechanisms are at the leading edge of new therapeutic options for cancer treatment. The clinical use of histone deacetyltransferases inhibitors (HDACi) demonstrates the effectiveness of targeting epigenetic mechanisms for cancer treatment. Notably, the development of new classes of inhibitors, including lysine acetyltransferase inhibitors (KATi), are the future of epigenetic-based therapeutics. We outline the progress of current classes of small molecule epigenetic drugs for use against cancer (preclinical and clinical) and highlight the potential market growth in epigenetic-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Zohourian
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - James Al Brown
- Department of Biological Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre (LDCRC), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Rekik W, Le Hégarat-Mascle S, Ezzedini S, de Marco G. Detection of atypical attentional behaviors in young subjects. J Neurosci Methods 2024:110141. [PMID: 38641265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vigilance ability refers to the accuracy and speed with which a person performs a cognitive-motor task, either voluntarily (endogenous mode) or following a warning stimulus (exogenous mode). In the context of a force production task, our study focuses on the impact of the states of vigilance by proposing an original approach that allows distinguishing between good (inlier) and poor (outlier) participants. We assume that the use of an external signal and duration of the temporal preparation (foreperiod) increase the speed and the precision of motor responses. Our objective is particularly challenging in the context of a limited dataset with a high level of noise. NEW METHOD Our original methodological approach consists of coupling the RANSAC (RANdom SAmple Consensus) algorithm with a statistical machine learning algorithm to handle noise. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Our clustering approach, based on the coupling of RANSAC methodology with ensemble classifiers, overcomes the limitations of conventional supervised algorithms that are either not robust to outliers (such as K-Nearest Neighbors) and/or not adapted to few-shot learning (such as Support Vector Machines and Artificial Neural Networks). RESULTS The clustering results were validated in terms of reaction time distributions and force error distributions with respect to participant groups. We show that the use of an external signal and duration of the temporal preparation (foreperiod) increase the speed and the precision of motor responses. CONCLUSION Our study has allowed us to detect atypical attentional patterns and succeeds in separating the inliers from the outliers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Rekik
- Research Laboratory COSIM, Higher School of Communications of Tunis, University of Carthage, Route de Raoued 3.5 Km, Cité El Ghazala, Ariana, 2088, Tunisia
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Zhang S, Cui M, Zhang P. Development and Application of a High- Precision Portable Digital Compass System for Improving Combined Navigation Performance. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:2547. [PMID: 38676164 PMCID: PMC11054749 DOI: 10.3390/s24082547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
There are not many high-precision, portable digital compass solutions available right now that can enhance combined navigation systems' overall functionality. Additionally, there is a dearth of writing about these products. This is why a tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensor-based high-precision portable digital compass system is designed. First, the least-squares method is used to compensate for compass inaccuracy once the ellipsoid fitting method has corrected manufacturing and installation errors in the digital compass system. Second, the digital compass's direction angle data is utilized to offset the combined navigation system's mistake. The final objective is to create a high-performing portable TMR digital compass system that will enhance the accuracy and stability of the combined navigation system (abbreviated as CNS). According to the experimental results, the digital compass's azimuth accuracy was 4.1824° before error compensation and 0.4580° after it was applied. The combined navigation system's path is now more accurate overall and is closer to the reference route than it was before the digital compass was added. Furthermore, compared to the combined navigation route without the digital compass, the combined navigation route with the digital compass included is more stable while traveling through the tunnel. It is evident that the digital compass system's design can raise the integrated navigation system's accuracy and stability. The integrated navigation system's overall performance may be somewhat enhanced by this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peng Zhang
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; (S.Z.); (M.C.)
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Koshiishi Y, Tanaka S, Iwauchi Y, Baba K. Impact of scanning range and image count on the precision of digitally recorded intermaxillary relationships in interocclusal record using intraoral scanner. J Oral Sci 2024; 66:111-115. [PMID: 38403675 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.23-0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of scan range and the number of scanned images on the precision of in vivo intermaxillary relationship reproduction was evaluated using digital scans acquired with an intraoral scanner. METHODS The study involved 15 participants with normal occlusion. Two different interocclusal recording settings were employed using the intraoral scanner (TRIOS 4): 'MIN,' focusing on the minimal scan range of the first molar region, and 'MAX,' including the scan range from the right first premolar to the right second molar. These settings were combined with three different image counts, resulting in six experimental conditions. Interocclusal recordings were performed four times for each condition. Dimensional discrepancies between datasets were analyzed using three-dimensional morphometric software and compared using two-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Median dimensional discrepancies (interquartile range; IQR) of 39.2 (30.7-49.4), 42.2 (32.6-49.3), 30.3 (26.8-44.1), 20.1 (16.0-34.8), 21.8 (19.0-25.1), and 26.6 (19.9-34.5) µm were found for MIN/200, MIN/400, MIN/600, MAX/200, MAX/400, and MAX/600, respectively. Significant differences in dimensional discrepancies according to scan range were found. Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed significant differences between MAX and MIN (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Scan range may affect the precision of intermaxillary relationship reproduction. Thus, scanning of the most extensive region practically achievable is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Koshiishi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University
| | - Shinpei Tanaka
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University
| | - Yotaro Iwauchi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University
| | - Kazuyoshi Baba
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University
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Schatz C, Knabl L, Lee HK, Seeboeck R, von Laer D, Lafon E, Borena W, Mangge H, Prüller F, Qerimi A, Wilflingseder D, Posch W, Haybaeck J. Machine Learning to Identify Critical Biomarker Profiles in New SARS-CoV-2 Variants. Microorganisms 2024; 12:798. [PMID: 38674742 PMCID: PMC11052335 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The global dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 resulted in the emergence of several variants, including Alpha, Alpha + E484K, Beta, and Omicron. Our research integrated the study of eukaryotic translation factors and fundamental components in general protein synthesis with the analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants and vaccination status. Utilizing statistical methods, we successfully differentiated between variants in infected individuals and, to a lesser extent, between vaccinated and non-vaccinated infected individuals, relying on the expression profiles of translation factors. Additionally, our investigation identified common causal relationships among the translation factors, shedding light on the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 variants and the host's translation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schatz
- Tyrolpath Obrist Brunhuber GmbH, 6311 Zams, Austria (L.K.)
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Muellerstrasse 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Ludwig Knabl
- Tyrolpath Obrist Brunhuber GmbH, 6311 Zams, Austria (L.K.)
| | - Hye Kyung Lee
- Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Rita Seeboeck
- Department Life Sciences, IMC University of Applied Sciences Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria;
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, University Hospital St. Poelten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Science, 3100 St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Dorothee von Laer
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 4b, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (W.B.)
| | - Eliott Lafon
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (D.W.); (W.P.)
| | - Wegene Borena
- Institute of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Strasse 4b, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (W.B.)
| | - Harald Mangge
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis (CIMCL), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Prüller
- Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis (CIMCL), Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Adelina Qerimi
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Muellerstrasse 44, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Doris Wilflingseder
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (D.W.); (W.P.)
- Department of Pathobiology, Infectiology, Veterinary University of Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Posch
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria (D.W.); (W.P.)
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Department of Pathology, Saint Vincent Hospital Zams, 6511 Zams, Austria
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Laborteam, 9403 Goldach, Switzerland
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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Trabelsi K, Ben Khalaf N, Ramadan AR, Elsharkawy A, Ashoor D, Chlif S, Boussoffara T, Ben-Ahmed M, Kumar M, Fathallah MD. A novel approach to designing viral precision vaccines applied to SARS-CoV-2. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1346349. [PMID: 38628551 PMCID: PMC11018900 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1346349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficient precision vaccines against several highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses are currently lacking. Proteolytic activation is instrumental for a number of these viruses to gain host-cell entry and develop infectivity. For SARS-CoV-2, this process is enhanced by the insertion of a furin cleavage site at the junction of the spike protein S1/S2 subunits upstream of the metalloprotease TMPRSS2 common proteolytic site. Here, we describe a new approach based on specific epitopes selection from the region involved in proteolytic activation and infectivity for the engineering of precision candidate vaccinating antigens. This approach was developed through its application to the design of SARS-CoV-2 cross-variant candidates vaccinating antigens. It includes an in silico structural analysis of the viral region involved in infectivity, the identification of conserved immunogenic epitopes and the selection of those eliciting specific immune responses in infected people. The following step consists of engineering vaccinating antigens that carry the selected epitopes and mimic their 3D native structure. Using this approach, we demonstrated through a Covid-19 patient-centered study of a 500 patients' cohort, that the epitopes selected from SARS-CoV-2 protein S1/S2 junction elicited a neutralizing antibody response significantly associated with mild and asymptomatic COVID-19 (p<0.001), which strongly suggests protective immunity. Engineered antigens containing the SARS-CoV-2 selected epitopes and mimicking the native epitopes 3D structure generated neutralizing antibody response in mice. Our data show the potential of this combined computational and experimental approach for designing precision vaccines against viruses whose pathogenicity is contingent upon proteolytic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Trabelsi
- Health Biotechnology Program, King Fahad Chair for Health Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Noureddin Ben Khalaf
- Health Biotechnology Program, King Fahad Chair for Health Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Ahmed R. Ramadan
- Health Biotechnology Program, King Fahad Chair for Health Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Amany Elsharkawy
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Dana Ashoor
- Health Biotechnology Program, King Fahad Chair for Health Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Sadok Chlif
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Thouraya Boussoffara
- Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections Laboratory, Institute Pasteur of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Melika Ben-Ahmed
- Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections Laboratory, Institute Pasteur of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - M-Dahmani Fathallah
- Health Biotechnology Program, King Fahad Chair for Health Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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13
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Zhou X, Lockard CA, Hooijmans MT, Damon BM. Predicted effects of image acquisition and analysis conditions on DTMRI tractography-based muscle architecture estimates. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1337-1353. [PMID: 38044800 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantify the effects of the intrinsic signal pattern, image acquisition conditions, and data analysis conditions on diffusion-tensor MRI (DTMRI) tractography-based muscle architecture estimates using a sampling-reconstruction assessment framework. METHODS Numerical models of muscles were constructed with realistic architectural properties. DTMRI signals were computed at signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 24-96 and common voxel sizes. Fiber tracking was performed, and the results were compared with the known architectural properties. RESULTS SNR exerted the most significant impact on the outcome. The outcome variables approached asymptotes at SNR ≈ 54. Large in-plane voxel dimensions reduced the similarity between reconstructed fibers and the known architectural properties. Higher order polynomials helped reconstruct fibers with more complicated geometry but overfit noise for less complex geometries. The intrinsic fiber curvature also affected the robustness of polynomial smoothing to SNR. Other conditions, such as the fiber dimensionality, voxel aspect ratio, and slice thickness, did not affect the outcomes. CONCLUSION SNR ≥ 54 is recommended for accurate muscle architecture characterization using DTMRI. Averaged across all simulated conditions, the greatest percent errors under SNR = 54 were -5.6% and -4.0% for the pennation angle and fiber-tract length estimates, respectively. For fiber tracts with intermediate intrinsic curvature, the greatest percent error for the curvature estimate was 9.8% for SNR = 54. Smaller in-plane voxel size (≤1.5 mm) is preferred to minimize the estimation error in architectural properties. If necessary, slice thickness may be adjusted within typical ranges to achieve sufficient SNR when slices are aligned near the fiber direction. Third-order polynomial fitting is appropriate for smoothing fiber tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhou
- Carle Clinical Imaging Research Program, Stephens Family Clinical Research Institute, Carle Health, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Carly A Lockard
- Carle Clinical Imaging Research Program, Stephens Family Clinical Research Institute, Carle Health, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Melissa T Hooijmans
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce M Damon
- Carle Clinical Imaging Research Program, Stephens Family Clinical Research Institute, Carle Health, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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14
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Wolfsberger CH, Avian A, Schwaberger B, Pichler G, Wolf M, Urlesberger B. Precision and normal values of cerebral blood volume in preterm neonates using time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:677-683. [PMID: 37970733 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate cerebral blood volume (CBV) in preterm neonates using time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy. METHODS In this prospective observational study, time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy measurements of CBV using tNIRS-1 were performed in 70 preterm neonates. For measurements, a sensor was placed for a duration of 1 min, followed by four further reapplications of the sensor, overall five measurements. RESULTS In this study, 70 preterm neonates with a mean ± SD gestational age of 33.4 ± 1.7 weeks and a birthweight of 1931 ± 398 g were included with a postnatal age of 4.7 ± 2.0 days. Altogether, 2383 CBV values were obtained with an overall mean of 1.85 ± 0.30 mL/100 g brain. A total of 95% of the measured CBV values varied in a range from -0.31 to 0.33 from the overall individual mean. Taking the deviation of the mean of each single application for each patient, this range reduced from -0.07 to 0.07. The precision of the measurement defined as within-variation in CBV was 0.24 mL/100 g brain. CONCLUSION The overall mean CBV in stable preterm neonates was 1.85 ± 0.30 mL/100 g brain. The within-variation in CBV was 0.24 mL/100 g brain. Based on the precision obtained by our data, CBV of 1.85 ± 0.30 mL/100 g brain may be assumed as normal value for this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Helene Wolfsberger
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Neonatal Macro- and Microcirculation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Cerebral Development and Oximetry Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Avian
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Schwaberger
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Neonatal Macro- and Microcirculation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Cerebral Development and Oximetry Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Pichler
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Neonatal Macro- and Microcirculation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Cerebral Development and Oximetry Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Wolf
- Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Berndt Urlesberger
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Neonatal Macro- and Microcirculation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Cerebral Development and Oximetry Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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15
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Block OM, Khromov T, Hoene G, Schliephake H, Brockmeyer P. In-house virtual surgical planning and guided mandibular reconstruction is less precise, but more economical and time-efficient than commercial procedures. Head Neck 2024; 46:871-883. [PMID: 38205891 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare an in-house and a commercially available surgical planning solution for mandibular reconstruction in terms of postoperative reconstruction accuracy and economic benefit. METHODS Twenty-nine consecutive patients with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) requiring segmental mandibular reconstruction were enrolled. Fifteen patients underwent in-house surgical planning and 14 patients underwent a commercially available planning solution. A morphometric comparison of preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT) data sets and a cost-benefit comparison were performed. RESULTS Volumes of planned and reconstructed bone segments differed significantly for both in-house planning (p = 0.0431) and commercial planning (p < 0.0001). Significant differences in osteotomy angles were demonstrated for in-house planning (p = 0.0391). Commercial planning was superior to in-house planning for total mandibular deviation (p = 0.0217), intersegmental space volumes (p = 0.0035), and lengths (p = 0.0007). No significant difference was found between the two planning solutions in terms of intersegmental ossification and the incidence of wound healing disorders. In-house planning took less time than commercial planning (p < 0.0001). Component manufacturing costs (p < 0.0001) and total cumulative costs (p < 0.0001) were significantly lower for in-house planning. CONCLUSIONS In-house surgical planning is less accurate but has a cost advantage and could be performed in less time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Moritz Block
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tatjana Khromov
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Georg Hoene
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Henning Schliephake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Phillipp Brockmeyer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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Koons GL, Kontoyiannis PD, Diaz-Gomez L, Elsarrag SZ, Scott DW, Diba M, Mikos AG. Influence of Polymeric Microparticle Size and Loading Concentration on 3D Printing Accuracy and Degradation Behavior of Composite Scaffolds. 3D Print Addit Manuf 2024; 11:e813-e827. [PMID: 38694834 PMCID: PMC11058418 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Successful employment of 3D printing for delivery of therapeutic biomolecules requires protection of their bioactivity on exposure to potentially inactivating conditions. Although intermediary encapsulation of the biomolecules in polymeric particulate delivery vehicles is a promising strategy for this objective, the inclusion of such particles in 3D printing formulations may critically impact the accuracy or precision of 3D printed scaffolds relative to their intended designed architectures, as well as the degradation behavior of both the scaffolds and the included particles. The present work aimed to elucidate the effect of poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) particle size and loading concentration on material accuracy, machine precision, and degradation of 3D printed poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-based scaffolds. Using a main effects analysis, the sizes and loading concentrations of particle delivery vehicles investigated were found to have neither a beneficial nor disadvantageous influence on the metrics of printing quality such as material accuracy and machine precision. Meanwhile, particle loading concentration was determined to influence degradation rate, whereas printing temperature affected the trends in composite weight-average molecular weight. Neither of the two particle-related parameters (concentration nor diameter) was found to exhibit a significant effect on intra-fiber nor inter-fiber porosity. These findings evidence the capacity for controlled loading of particulate delivery vehicles in 3D printed scaffolds while preserving construct accuracy and precision, and with predictable dictation of composite degradation behavior for potential controlled release of encapsulated biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerry L. Koons
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Panayiotis D. Kontoyiannis
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Selma Z. Elsarrag
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David W. Scott
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mani Diba
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
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Alam MN, Ibraheem W, Ramalingam K, Sethuraman S, Basheer SN, Peeran SW. Identification, Evaluation, and Correction of Supracrestal Tissue Attachment (Previously Biologic Width) Violation: A Case Presentation With Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e58128. [PMID: 38741844 PMCID: PMC11089581 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The supracrestal tissue attachment (SCTA) is the new terminology for biologic width. SCTA is defined as the physiologic dimension of a solitary functional unit composed of junctional epithelium and connective tissue attachment. Its preservation is critical for the well-being of periodontal health. SCTA has been widely studied and scientific literature is indicative of its significance during the placement of restoration, including prosthetic crowns. This should be taken care of in cases of anterior teeth within the smile zone, where dental crowns are regularly placed subgingivally for aesthetic reasons. In addition, any violation of SCTA while restoring the dentition will present as gingival inflammation and pain, consequently, leading to failure of the clinical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wael Ibraheem
- Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sathya Sethuraman
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Syed Nahid Basheer
- Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Syed Wali Peeran
- Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
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Slade E, Rennick-Egglestone S, Ng F, Kotera Y, Llewellyn-Beardsley J, Newby C, Glover T, Keppens J, Slade M. The Implementation of Recommender Systems for Mental Health Recovery Narratives: Evaluation of Use and Performance. JMIR Ment Health 2024; 11:e45754. [PMID: 38551630 PMCID: PMC11015364 DOI: 10.2196/45754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommender systems help narrow down a large range of items to a smaller, personalized set. NarraGive is a first-in-field hybrid recommender system for mental health recovery narratives, recommending narratives based on their content and narrator characteristics (using content-based filtering) and on narratives beneficially impacting other similar users (using collaborative filtering). NarraGive is integrated into the Narrative Experiences Online (NEON) intervention, a web application providing access to the NEON Collection of recovery narratives. OBJECTIVE This study aims to analyze the 3 recommender system algorithms used in NarraGive to inform future interventions using recommender systems for lived experience narratives. METHODS Using a recently published framework for evaluating recommender systems to structure the analysis, we compared the content-based filtering algorithm and collaborative filtering algorithms by evaluating the accuracy (how close the predicted ratings are to the true ratings), precision (the proportion of the recommended narratives that are relevant), diversity (how diverse the recommended narratives are), coverage (the proportion of all available narratives that can be recommended), and unfairness (whether the algorithms produce less accurate predictions for disadvantaged participants) across gender and ethnicity. We used data from all participants in 2 parallel-group, waitlist control clinical trials of the NEON intervention (NEON trial: N=739; NEON for other [eg, nonpsychosis] mental health problems [NEON-O] trial: N=1023). Both trials included people with self-reported mental health problems who had and had not used statutory mental health services. In addition, NEON trial participants had experienced self-reported psychosis in the previous 5 years. Our evaluation used a database of Likert-scale narrative ratings provided by trial participants in response to validated narrative feedback questions. RESULTS Participants from the NEON and NEON-O trials provided 2288 and 1896 narrative ratings, respectively. Each rated narrative had a median of 3 ratings and 2 ratings, respectively. For the NEON trial, the content-based filtering algorithm performed better for coverage; the collaborative filtering algorithms performed better for accuracy, diversity, and unfairness across both gender and ethnicity; and neither algorithm performed better for precision. For the NEON-O trial, the content-based filtering algorithm did not perform better on any metric; the collaborative filtering algorithms performed better on accuracy and unfairness across both gender and ethnicity; and neither algorithm performed better for precision, diversity, or coverage. CONCLUSIONS Clinical population may be associated with recommender system performance. Recommender systems are susceptible to a wide range of undesirable biases. Approaches to mitigating these include providing enough initial data for the recommender system (to prevent overfitting), ensuring that items can be accessed outside the recommender system (to prevent a feedback loop between accessed items and recommended items), and encouraging participants to provide feedback on every narrative they interact with (to prevent participants from only providing feedback when they have strong opinions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Slade
- School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Rennick-Egglestone
- School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Ng
- School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yasuhiro Kotera
- School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Joy Llewellyn-Beardsley
- School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Newby
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Glover
- DRT Software Ltd., Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jeroen Keppens
- Department of Informatics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Slade
- School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nord University, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Namsos, Norway
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Makhluf H, Madany H, Kim K. Long COVID: Long-Term Impact of SARS-CoV2. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:711. [PMID: 38611624 PMCID: PMC11011397 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14070711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Four years post-pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 continues to affect many lives across the globe. An estimated 65 million people suffer from long COVID, a term used to encapsulate the post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infections that affect multiple organ systems. Known symptoms include chronic fatigue syndrome, brain fog, cardiovascular issues, autoimmunity, dysautonomia, and clotting due to inflammation. Herein, we review long COVID symptoms, the proposed theories behind the pathology, diagnostics, treatments, and the clinical trials underway to explore treatments for viral persistence, autonomic and cognitive dysfunctions, sleep disturbances, fatigue, and exercise intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Makhluf
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, National University, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
- Center for Infectious Disease, La Jolla Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (H.M.); (K.K.)
| | - Henry Madany
- Center for Infectious Disease, La Jolla Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (H.M.); (K.K.)
- Public Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kenneth Kim
- Center for Infectious Disease, La Jolla Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (H.M.); (K.K.)
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Palantza E, Sykaras N, Zoidis P, Kourtis S. In vitro comparison of accuracy between conventional and digital impression using elastomeric materials and two intra-oral scanning devices. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024. [PMID: 38534043 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of full-arch conventional implant impressions using two different materials (A-silicone and polyether) to full-arch digital implant impressions produced from two intraoral scanning devices. MATERIALS AND METHODS A master model was fabricated representing an edentulous mandible with four implants with internal connection placed at the sites of canines and first molars. The anterior implants were parallel to the residual ridge, while the two posterior implants had an angulation of 15° to the distal and 15° to the lingual respectively. The conventional technique was performed with open-tray of non-splinted impression copings. Two different impression materials were used, A-silicone and polyether at monophase medium body consistencies. The digital impressions were obtained with the use of two different intraoral scanners, after the connection of scan bodies. A total of 10 impressions were produced for each of the four experimental groups. The conventional models as well as the master model were digitized using a high-resolution laboratory scanner. The STL files of the models and of the intraoral impressions were imported in a powerful superimposition software, for the conduction of measurements in pairs of files. The software calculated the 3D deviations, as well as the linear and angular displacements among scan bodies at the digital files. For "trueness" measurements every STL file of each experimental group was superimposed to the digital master model, while for "precision" measurements all STL files of each experimental group were superimposed to each other. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The accuracy of full arch mandibular implant impressions was influenced both by the impression technique used (conventional vs. digital) and the impression material used (A-silicone vs. polyether) or the intraoral scanner used (Trios vs. Heron). In terms of "trueness," A-silicone showed the highest impression accuracy with the lowest deviation values, followed by polyether and Trios, but the differences between the three groups were in the majority not statistically significant. Heron showed statistically lower accuracy results in all measurements compared to the other groups. In terms of "precision", conventional impressions with the use of A-Silicone or polyether were statistically significantly superior to digital impressions with either scanner. A-Silicone and polyether showed no statistically significant difference between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Palantza
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikitas Sykaras
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Zoidis
- Division Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainsville, Florida, USA
| | - Stefanos Kourtis
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Sandberg S, Coskun A, Carobene A, Fernandez-Calle P, Diaz-Garzon J, Bartlett WA, Jonker N, Galior K, Gonzales-Lao E, Moreno-Parro I, Sufrate-Vergara B, Webster C, Aarsand AK. Analytical performance specifications based on biological variation data - considerations, strengths and limitations. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2024-0108. [PMID: 38501489 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Analytical performance specifications (APS) are typically established through one of three models: (i) outcome studies, (ii) biological variation (BV), or (iii) state-of-the-art. Presently, The APS can, for most measurands that have a stable concentration, be based on BV. BV based APS, defined for imprecision, bias, total allowable error and allowable measurement uncertainty, are applied to many different processes in the laboratory. When calculating APS, it is important to consider the different APS formulae, for what setting they are to be applied and if they are suitable for the intended purpose. In this opinion paper, we elucidate the background, limitations, strengths, and potential intended applications of the different BV based APS formulas. When using BV data to set APS, it is important to consider that all formulae are contingent on accurate and relevant BV estimates. During the last decade, efficient procedures have been established to obtain reliable BV estimates that are presented in the EFLM biological variation database. The database publishes detailed BV data for numerous measurands, global BV estimates derived from meta-analysis of quality-assured studies of similar study design and automatic calculation of BV based APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sverre Sandberg
- Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), 72982 Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital , Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The Norwegian Porphyria Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Abdurrahman Coskun
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Atasehir, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Anna Carobene
- Laboratory Medicine, 9372 IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan, Italy
| | | | - Jorge Diaz-Garzon
- Laboratory Medicine Department, 16268 La Paz University Hospital , Madrid, Spain
| | - William A Bartlett
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Science, 85326 University of Dundee , Dundee, Scotland
| | - Niels Jonker
- Certe, Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis Assen, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - Kornelia Galior
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 1371 Emory University , Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elisabet Gonzales-Lao
- Quality and Patient Safety Department, 16377 Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa University Hospital , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Moreno-Parro
- Laboratory Medicine Department, 16268 La Paz University Hospital , Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Craig Webster
- Department of Biochemistry, Immunology and Toxicology, 1732 University Hospitals Birmingham , Birmingham, UK
| | - Aasne K Aarsand
- Norwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), 72982 Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital , Bergen, Norway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The Norwegian Porphyria Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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22
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Schroeder JM, Lee HYC, Schultze AE. Performance evaluation of the Sysmex XN-1000V in side-by-side comparison with the Siemens ADVIA 120 and manual methods for healthy CD Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 mice. Vet Clin Pathol 2024; 53:8-39. [PMID: 38164989 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sysmex XN-1000V automated hematology analyzer with multispecies software was released in June 2017 for use in research laboratories. Laser light, impedance, fluorescent staining, and fluorescent flow cytometry are used to analyze whole blood for CBC, reticulocyte counts, and WBC counts, including a 5-part differential leukocyte analysis. OBJECTIVES A side-by-side comparison of the Sysmex XN-1000V with the Siemens ADVIA 120 in analyzing blood from healthy mice and rats will provide insight into the performance of the new analyzer and its capabilities for use in drug development studies. Method correlation analyses on normal mouse and rat hematology data collected with both analyzers and manual reference methods will help determine the reliability of the data produced using the Sysmex XN-1000V analyzer. METHODS Whole blood samples collected in K2 EDTA from healthy CD-1 mice and CD Sprague-Dawley rats were analyzed in parallel with the XN-1000V and ADVIA 120 analyzers. Male and female mice, approximately 6-9 weeks old, and male and female rats, approximately 7-9 weeks old, were included in this study. Manual reference methods for WBC differential leukocyte analysis and packed cell volume (PCV) measurements were also performed. EP Evaluator version 11.2 (Data Innovations LLC, South Burlington, VT, USA) was used for method comparison statistical analysis. RESULTS Most hematologic parameters for naïve mice and rats achieved correlation in the fair to excellent range, with the majority showing very good to excellent correlation with low biases (<11.0%) for cohorts analyzed separately and when cohort data were combined. CONCLUSIONS The Sysmex XN-1000V Hematology Analyzer provided comparable results to those obtained from the Siemens ADVIA 120. We found the Sysmex XN-1000V Hematology Analyzer to be acceptable for use in drug development studies for rats and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Schroeder
- Pathology Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hsiu-Yung C Lee
- Global Statistics Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Albert E Schultze
- Pathology Department, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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23
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Liu R, Xia R, Zhang L, Gan X, Li C, Liu Q, Chen Z, Chen Z. The influence of guide stabilizers and their application sequences on trueness and precision of surgical guides in free end situations: An in vitro analysis. Clin Oral Implants Res 2024; 35:294-304. [PMID: 38112164 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of guide stabilizers and their application sequences on implant placement accuracy of guided implant surgery in multiple teeth loss at free end. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 96 implants were placed in the regions of #34, #36, and #37 of 32 identical mandibular models. The influence of using guide stabilizers or not (group A and group B) and various guide stabilizers application sequences (group B: #34 → #36 → #37; group C: #36 → #34 → #37; group D: #37 → #34 → #36) on implant placement trueness and precision was investigated. Data were analyzed using T-tests and one-way ANOVA. RESULTS Group B showed significant benefits in enhancing implant placement precision. Compared to group A, it resulted in reducing 3D-deviation at crest and 2D deviation in vestibular-oral direction at both crest and apex. Furthermore, group D demonstrated greater improvement in global implant placement precision by reducing 2D deviation in mesial-distal direction at both crest and apex. Among the three different stabilizer application sequences, group D exhibited the highest level of implant placement precision. CONCLUSIONS In cases of missing teeth at distal free end, the use of guide stabilizers and their application sequences does not have a significant impact on implant placement trueness. However, they do improve implant placement precision compared to methods that do not utilize guide stabilizers. Specifically, applying a guide stabilizer first at the furthest implant site to change teeth loss classification from free end to edentulous space with posterior support is the most reliable sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runheng Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruidi Xia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjun Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejing Gan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuijun Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuofan Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zetao Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Krauthammer A, Cozacov T, Fried S, Har-Zahav A, Shamir R, Assa A, Waisbourd-Zinman O. Tissue markers may predict treatment response to antitumor necrosis factor-α agents in children with Crohn's disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024; 78:662-669. [PMID: 38299301 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with moderate-severe Crohn's disease (CD) who are treated with antitumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) agents may be subjected to primary nonresponse or partial response. We aimed to identify tissue markers that may predict response to these agents. METHODS Pediatric patients (6-18 years) with either ileal or ileo-colonic CD who were treated with anti-TNF-α were stratified into three different groups based on their overall response to therapy at the end of induction including clinical and laboratory parameters (group 1-full responders [FR], group 2-partial responders [PR], group 3-nonresponders [NR]). Seven tissue markers (fibronectin, interleukin [IL]-23R, IL-23, TNF-α, collagen-III, IL-13R, and hypoxia-inducible factors [HIF]-1α) were evaluated. Immunofluorescence (IF) analyses were performed on biopsies from the terminal ileum, which were retrieved up to 6 months before treatment initiation. RESULTS Twenty-six CD patients (16 [61.5%] males; age 13.9 ± 2.9 years), including 8 (30.8%) with ileal disease and 18 (69.2%) with ileo-colonic disease, were enrolled. Terminal ileum biopsies from nine patients from group 1, nine from group 2, and eight from group 3 were evaluated. Three antibodies were found to be significantly different between NR and FR groups; Collagen III and fibronectin stains were significantly more prominent in NR patients, while TNF-α stain was significantly more pronounced in FR, p < 0.05 for each. PR could not have been predicted with neither of markers. CONCLUSIONS Decreased tissue IF intensity of fibronectin and collagen III and increased intensity of TNF-α may predict response to anti-TNF-α treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Krauthammer
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Cozacov
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sophia Fried
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Har-Zahav
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Raanan Shamir
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Amit Assa
- The Juliet Keidan Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orith Waisbourd-Zinman
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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25
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Jacene H, Dietsche E, Specht J. The Current and Future Roles of Precision Oncology in Advanced Breast Cancer. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:349-356. [PMID: 38302151 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.122.264882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common but heterogeneous disease characterized by several biologic features, including tumor grade, hormone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, and gene expression assays. These biologic and genomic features drive treatment decisions. In the advanced disease setting, inter- and intrapatient tumor heterogeneity is increasingly recognized as a challenge for optimizing treatment. Recent evidence and the recent approval of novel radiopharmaceuticals have increased recognition and acceptance of the potential of molecular imaging as a biomarker to impact and guide management decisions for advanced breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Jacene
- Imaging/Radiology, Dana-Farber/Brigham Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts;
| | - Eric Dietsche
- Department of Radiology, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; and
| | - Jennifer Specht
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Divisions of Hematology and Oncology and of Clinical Research, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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26
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Rai S, Graff K, Tansey R, Bray S. How do tasks impact the reliability of fMRI functional connectivity? Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26535. [PMID: 38348730 PMCID: PMC10884875 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
While there is growing interest in the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging-functional connectivity (fMRI-FC) for biomarker research, low measurement reliability of conventional acquisitions may limit applications. Factors known to impact FC reliability include scan length, head motion, signal properties, such as temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR), and the acquisition state or task. As tasks impact signal in a region-wise fashion, they likely impact FC reliability differently across the brain, making task an important decision in study design. Here, we use the densely sampled Midnight Scan Club (MSC) dataset, comprising 5 h of rest and 6 h of task fMRI data in 10 healthy adults, to investigate regional effects of tasks on FC reliability. We further considered how BOLD signal properties contributing to tSNR, that is, temporal mean signal (tMean) and temporal standard deviation (tSD), vary across the brain, associate with FC reliability, and are modulated by tasks. We found that, relative to rest, tasks enhanced FC reliability and increased tSD for specific task-engaged regions. However, FC signal variability and reliability is broadly dampened during tasks outside task-engaged regions. From our analyses, we observed signal variability was the strongest driver of FC reliability. Overall, our findings suggest that the choice of task can have an important impact on reliability and should be considered in relation to maximizing reliability in networks of interest as part of study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Rai
- Child and Adolescent Imaging Research ProgramUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Kirk Graff
- Child and Adolescent Imaging Research ProgramUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Ryann Tansey
- Child and Adolescent Imaging Research ProgramUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Signe Bray
- Child and Adolescent Imaging Research ProgramUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
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27
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Meyvisch P, Ebrahimpoor M. On sample size calculation in drug interaction trials. Pharm Stat 2024. [PMID: 38356204 DOI: 10.1002/pst.2367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Drug-drug interaction (DDI) trials are an important part of drug development as they provide evidence on the benefits and risks when two or more drugs are taken concomitantly. Sample size calculation is typically recommended to be based on the existence of clinically justified no-effect boundaries but these are challenging to define in practice, while the default no-effect boundaries of 0.8-1.25 are known to be overly conservative requiring a large sample size. In addition, no-effect boundaries are of little use when there is prior pharmacological evidence that a mild or moderate interaction between two drugs may be present, in which case effect boundaries would be more useful. We introduce precision-based sample size calculation that accounts for both the stochastic nature of the pharmacokinetic parameters and the anticipated width of (no-)effect boundaries, should these exist. The methodology is straightforward, requires considerably less sample size and has favorable operating characteristics. A case study on statins is presented to illustrate the ideas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Meyvisch
- I-BioStat, Universiteit Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Mitra Ebrahimpoor
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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28
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Jin Z, Al Amili M, Guo S. Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Drug Delivery Based on Polymeric Micelles for Precision Cancer Therapy: Strategies and Prospects. Biomedicines 2024; 12:417. [PMID: 38398021 PMCID: PMC10886702 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In clinical practice, drug therapy for cancer is still limited by its inefficiency and high toxicity. For precision therapy, various drug delivery systems, including polymeric micelles self-assembled from amphiphilic polymeric materials, have been developed to achieve tumor-targeting drug delivery. Considering the characteristics of the pathophysiological environment at the drug target site, the design, synthesis, or modification of environmentally responsive polymeric materials has become a crucial strategy for drug-targeted delivery. In comparison to the normal physiological environment, tumors possess a unique microenvironment, characterized by a low pH, high reactive oxygen species concentration, hypoxia, and distinct enzyme systems, providing various stimuli for the environmentally responsive design of polymeric micelles. Polymeric micelles with tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive characteristics have shown significant improvement in precision therapy for cancer treatment. This review mainly outlines the most promising strategies available for exploiting the tumor microenvironment to construct internal stimulus-responsive drug delivery micelles that target tumors and achieve enhanced antitumor efficacy. In addition, the prospects of TME-responsive polymeric micelles for gene therapy and immunotherapy, the most popular current cancer treatments, are also discussed. TME-responsive drug delivery via polymeric micelles will be an efficient and robust approach for developing clinical cancer therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Jin
- Correspondence: (Z.J.); (S.G.)
| | | | - Shengrong Guo
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
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29
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Wang HY, Wang B, Sun C, Zhang TY, Xu YT, Zhao WW, Chen HY, Xu JJ. θ-Nanopore Ratiometry. ACS Nano 2024; 18:4551-4558. [PMID: 38264998 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Developing nanoscale ratiometric techniques capable of biochemical response should prove of significance for precise applications with stringent spatial and biological restrictions. Here we present and devise the concept of θ-nanopore ratiometry, which uses ratiometric signals that could well address the serious concerns about device deviation in fabrication and nonspecific adsorption in the detection. As exemplified by a 200 nm θ-nanopore toward miRNA detection, the ±20 nm aperture drift could be mitigated and the issue of nonspecific adsorption could be minimized in the complex cytosolic environment. Practical application of this θ-nanopore ratiometry realizes the measurements of cytosolic miRNA-10b. This work has not only established a nanoscopic ratiometric technique but also enriched the extant armory of nanotools for single-cell studies and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tian-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi-Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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30
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Marzano-Felisatti JM, De Lucca L, Guzmán Luján JF, Priego-Quesada JI, Pino-Ortega J. A Preliminary Investigation about the Influence of WIMU PRO TM Location on Heart Rate Accuracy: A Comparative Study in Cycle Ergometer. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:988. [PMID: 38339705 PMCID: PMC10857324 DOI: 10.3390/s24030988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Technological development has boosted the use of multi-sensor devices to monitor athletes' performance, but the location and connectivity between devices have been shown to affect data reliability. This preliminary study aimed to determine whether the placement of a multi-sensor device (WIMU PROTM) could affect the heart rate signal reception (GARMINTM chest strap) and, therefore, data accuracy. Thirty-two physical education students (20 men and 12 women) performed 20 min of exercise in a cycle ergometer based on the warm-up of the Function Threshold Power 20 test in laboratory conditions, carrying two WIMU PROTM devices (Back: inter-scapula; Bicycle: bicycle's handlebar-20 cm from the chest) and two GARMINTM chest straps. A one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping test found full agreement between the two situations (inter-scapula vs. bicycle's handlebar). Excellent intra-class correlation values were obtained during the warm-up (ICC = 0.99, [1.00-1.00], p < 0.001), the time trial test (ICC = 0.99, [1.00-1.00], p < 0.001) and the cool-down (ICC = 0.99, [1.00-1.00], p < 0.001). The Bland-Altman plots confirmed the total agreement with a bias value of 0.00 ± 0.1 bpm. The interscapular back placement of the WIMU PROTM device does not affect heart rate measurement accuracy with a GARMINTM chest strap during cycling exercise in laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Martín Marzano-Felisatti
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Leonardo De Lucca
- Laboratory of Human Performance Research, Centre of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Santa Catarina State, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil;
| | - José Francisco Guzmán Luján
- Research Group in Sports Technique and Tactics (GITTE), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - José Pino-Ortega
- Biovetmed & Sportsci Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Spain;
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31
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Abduo J, El-Haddad H. Influence of Implant Adjacent Teeth on the Accuracy of Digital Impression. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:349-355. [PMID: 37643764 PMCID: PMC10959628 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adjacent teeth patterns on the accuracy of digital scans of parallel and divergent implants for three-unit prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS A maxillary typodont model with implants in the locations of the first premolars and first molars was used to develop three clinical scenarios for three-unit prostheses: (S1) Partially edentulous arch with missing first premolars and first molars only; (S2) partially edentulous arch with missing first premolars, second premolars and first molars; and (S3) partially edentulous arch with missing canines, first premolars, second premolars, first molars, and second molars. On one side, the implants were parallel, and for the other side, the implants had a 15-degree buccolingual angle. With the aid of scan bodies, 10 digital impressions were taken for each scenario and for each side. To evaluate the accuracy, a reverse engineering software was used to measure trueness, precision, and interimplant distance. RESULTS The best trueness for parallel implants was observed for S2 (30.0 µm), followed by S3 (67.3 µm) and S1 (74.8 µm) (p < 0.001). Likewise, S2 had the best precision for parallel implants (31.3 µm) followed by S3 (38.0 µm) and S1 (70.3 µm) (p < 0.001). For the divergent implants, S2 exhibited the best trueness (23.1 µm), followed by S3 (48.2 µm) and S1 (59.4 µm) (p = 0.007). Similarly, the S2 had the best precision (12.3 µm) followed by S3 (62.1 µm) and S1 (66.9 µm) (p < 0.001). The S2 had the least interimplant distance deviation followed by S1 and S3. The difference was significant for parallel implants (p = 0.03), but insignificant for divergent implants (p = 0.15). CONCLUSION Regardless of the presenting scenario, digital implant impressions for three-unit prostheses appear to be clinically accurate. A clear interimplant area between scan bodies enhanced the accuracy of digital impressions. This observation can be attributed to more accessible axial surface scanning of the scan body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaafar Abduo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Melbourne Dental School, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hossam El-Haddad
- Department of Prosthodontics, Melbourne Dental School, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Jaber ST, Hajeer MY, Alkhouli KW, Al-Shamak RM, Darwich KMA, Aljabban O, Alam MK, Kara-Boulad JM. Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Digital Models Formulated From Direct Intra-oral Scanning of Dental Arches in Comparison With Extra-oral Scanning of Poured Dental Models in Terms of Dimensional Accuracy and Reliability. Cureus 2024; 16:e54869. [PMID: 38405645 PMCID: PMC10894623 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study's objective was to assess the dimensional accuracy and reliability of dental digital models prepared by direct intraoral scanning and indirect scanning of the plaster models compared to the plaster models as the gold standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 20 patients. Nine had a class I malocclusion, seven had a class II malocclusion, and four had a class III malocclusion. Intraoral scanning was done for the upper and lower arches of all the patients enrolled in this study using an intraoral scanner (i700; Medit, Seoul, Korea). The next step was preparing the plaster model for the control group. Addition-silicone impressions were taken for each patient's arches. The impressions were poured according to American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) standards. Finally, the digital models of the indirect scanning group were prepared using a 3D desktop scanner (T710; Medit). In total, 26 measurements were made on the plaster and digital models. Paired t-tests were used to test for significant differences between the studied groups. The reliability of the studied techniques was tested using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Because of the multiple comparisons, the ɑ level was adjusted and set at 0.002. RESULTS No significant differences were found between the intraoral scanning group (20 patients) and the plaster models group (20 patients; P>0.002). The ICCs ranged from 0.814 to 0.993, indicating excellent agreement between the direct digital and traditional plaster models. There were no significant differences between the digital and original plaster models (P>0.002). ICCs ranged from 0.834 to 0.995, indicating excellent agreement between the indirect digital and original plaster models. No significant differences were detected between the direct and indirect digital models (P>0.002). ICCs ranged between 0.813 and 0.999, indicating excellent agreement between direct and indirect digital models. CONCLUSION Both direct and indirect scanning techniques are accurate and reliable for digital model preparation and can be considered an alternative to traditional plaster models used in clinical orthodontics diagnostic applications. The intraoral scanning technique can be considered a valid alternative for indirect scanning of the plaster models to prepare digital working models during the digital design and fabrication of orthodontic appliances such as clear aligners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer T Jaber
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Watanyia Private University, Hama, SYR
| | - Mohammad Y Hajeer
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Khaled Walid Alkhouli
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, SYR
| | | | - Khaldoun M A Darwich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | - Ossama Aljabban
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Damascus, Damascus, SYR
| | | | - Jehad M Kara-Boulad
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Hawash Private University, Homs, SYR
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Danzer MF, Eveslage M, Görlich D, Noto B. A statistical framework for planning and analysing test-retest studies of repeatability. Stat Methods Med Res 2024; 33:295-308. [PMID: 38298010 DOI: 10.1177/09622802241227959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
There is an increasing number of potential quantitative biomarkers that could allow for early assessment of treatment response or disease progression. However, measurements of such biomarkers are subject to random variability. Hence, differences of a biomarker in longitudinal measurements do not necessarily represent real change but might be caused by this random measurement variability. Before utilizing a quantitative biomarker in longitudinal studies, it is therefore essential to assess the measurement repeatability. Measurement repeatability obtained from test-retest studies can be quantified by the repeatability coefficient, which is then used in the subsequent longitudinal study to determine if a measured difference represents real change or is within the range of expected random measurement variability. The quality of the point estimate of the repeatability coefficient, therefore, directly governs the assessment quality of the longitudinal study. Repeatability coefficient estimation accuracy depends on the case number in the test-retest study, but despite its pivotal role, no comprehensive framework for sample size calculation of test-retest studies exists. To address this issue, we have established such a framework, which allows for flexible sample size calculation of test-retest studies, based upon newly introduced criteria concerning assessment quality in the longitudinal study. This also permits retrospective assessment of prior test-retest studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Fabian Danzer
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maria Eveslage
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dennis Görlich
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Benjamin Noto
- Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Clinic for Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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Ginders J, Stirn M, Novacco M, Hofmann-Lehmann R, Riond B. Validation of the Sysmex XN-V Automated Nucleated Red Blood Cell Enumeration for Canine and Feline EDTA-Anticoagulated Blood. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:455. [PMID: 38338098 PMCID: PMC10854831 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The enumeration of nRBCs (nucleated red blood cells) by manual counting is time-consuming and imprecise. As the first veterinary hematology analyzer, Sysmex XN-V provides automated nRBC counts. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Sysmex XN-V in the enumeration of nRBCs for cats and dogs by comparing automated nRBC counts to manual counts from a total of 3810 canine and 2844 feline specimens. Repeatability, reproducibility, stability, carry-over, and linearity were assessed. The repeatability and reproducibility of Sysmex XN-V were good, with mean coefficients of variation (CV) of 4.5% and 5.4%, respectively. Bland-Altman difference analysis revealed mean biases shown as nRBCs/100 WBCs of 0.01 in dogs and 0.11 in cats with low nRBCs (<5/100 WBCs), mean biases of -1.27 in dogs and -0.24 in cats with moderate nRBC counts (5-20 nRBCs/100 WBCs), and mean biases of -7.76 in dogs and -1.31 in cats with high nRBC counts (>20 nRBCs/100 WBCs). The total observable error was below 9% in both species and at all ranges. Overall concordance between methods was high (91% in canine and 93% in feline samples). The automated nRBC count by Sysmex XN-V was found to be accurate and precise and can replace manual counts for cat and dog samples. Non-statistical quality assurance by scattergram evaluation, re-gating, and confirmation by blood smear evaluation is, however, recommended, especially in cases with severe normoblastosis. This advancement will save time, reduce errors, and add prognostic value to hematological results for animal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ginders
- Clinical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.N.); (R.H.-L.); (B.R.)
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Suau Q, Bianchini E, Bellier A, Chardon M, Milane T, Hansen C, Vuillerme N. Current Knowledge about ActiGraph GT9X Link Activity Monitor Accuracy and Validity in Measuring Steps and Energy Expenditure: A Systematic Review. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:825. [PMID: 38339541 PMCID: PMC10857518 DOI: 10.3390/s24030825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Over recent decades, wearable inertial sensors have become popular means to quantify physical activity and mobility. However, research assessing measurement accuracy and precision is required, especially before using device-based measures as outcomes in trials. The GT9X Link is a recent activity monitor available from ActiGraph, recognized as a "gold standard" and previously used as a criterion measure to assess the validity of various consumer-based activity monitors. However, the validity of the ActiGraph GT9X Link is not fully elucidated. A systematic review was undertaken to synthesize the current evidence for the criterion validity of the ActiGraph GT9X Link in measuring steps and energy expenditure. This review followed the PRISMA guidelines and eight studies were included with a combined sample size of 558 participants. We found that (1) the ActiGraph GT9X Link generally underestimates steps; (2) the validity and accuracy of the device in measuring steps seem to be influenced by gait speed, device placement, filtering process, and monitoring conditions; and (3) there is a lack of evidence regarding the accuracy of step counting in free-living conditions and regarding energy expenditure estimation. Given the limited number of included studies and their heterogeneity, the present review emphasizes the need for further validation studies of the ActiGraph GT9X Link in various populations and in both controlled and free-living settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Suau
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (Q.S.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
| | - Edoardo Bianchini
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (Q.S.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Alexandre Bellier
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (Q.S.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm CIC 1406, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Matthias Chardon
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (Q.S.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
- UNESP Human Movement Research Laboratory (MOVI-LAB), Department of Physical Education, Bauru Sao Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
| | - Tracy Milane
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (Q.S.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
| | - Clint Hansen
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (Q.S.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
- Department of Neurology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nicolas Vuillerme
- AGEIS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (Q.S.); (A.B.); (M.C.); (T.M.); (C.H.)
- LabCom Telecom4Health, Orange Labs & Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inria, Grenoble INP-UGA, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
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Wang X, Wang L, Lin H, Zhu Y, Huang D, Lai M, Xi X, Huang J, Zhang W, Zhong T. Research progress of CTC, ctDNA, and EVs in cancer liquid biopsy. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1303335. [PMID: 38333685 PMCID: PMC10850354 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1303335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and extracellular vehicles (EVs) have received significant attention in recent times as emerging biomarkers and subjects of transformational studies. The three main branches of liquid biopsy have evolved from the three primary tumor liquid biopsy detection targets-CTC, ctDNA, and EVs-each with distinct benefits. CTCs are derived from circulating cancer cells from the original tumor or metastases and may display global features of the tumor. ctDNA has been extensively analyzed and has been used to aid in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of neoplastic diseases. EVs contain tumor-derived material such as DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, sugar structures, and metabolites. The three provide different detection contents but have strong complementarity to a certain extent. Even though they have already been employed in several clinical trials, the clinical utility of three biomarkers is still being studied, with promising initial findings. This review thoroughly overviews established and emerging technologies for the isolation, characterization, and content detection of CTC, ctDNA, and EVs. Also discussed were the most recent developments in the study of potential liquid biopsy biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, therapeutic monitoring, and prognosis prediction. These included CTC, ctDNA, and EVs. Finally, the potential and challenges of employing liquid biopsy based on CTC, ctDNA, and EVs for precision medicine were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Haihong Lin
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Defa Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mi Lai
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xuxiang Xi
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Junyun Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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NARAPARAJU S, YAMJALA P, CHAGANTI S, ANUMOLU DP. Spectrophotometric Quantification of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Based on Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction with 1,2-Naphthoquinone-4-Sulfonic Acid Sodium Salt (NQS). Turk J Pharm Sci 2024; 20:405-411. [PMID: 38258290 PMCID: PMC10803925 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2022.09147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives A simple, sensitive, selective, and cost-effective colorimetric method has been established for the quantitative estimation of atomoxetine hydrochloride in bulk and formulation.A simple, sensitive, selective and cost effective colorimetric method has been entrenched for the quantitative estimation of Atomoxetine hydrochloride in bulk and formulation. Materials and Methods It was established based on the visible reaction between atomoxetine hydrochloride and 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt in a basic medium (potassium hydroxide). The resulting orange colored chromogen exhibited an absorption maximum at 474 nm. Results Based on the optimization studies, distilled water as the solvent, 1% w/v potassium hydroxide (2 mL), and 0.3% w/v 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt (2 mL) were used in the method. The developed method was validated per the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The linearity was found at a concentration of 10-50 μg/mL. The method showed a good correlation between the concentration of atomoxetine hydrochloride and its absorbance. The correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.999 evidenced the same. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.20 and 0.606 μg/mL, respectively, for atomoxetine hydrochloride. The accuracy and precision of the method were also evaluated and the results obtained were within the acceptance criteria (relative standard deviation % < 2.00). The percentage assay of atomoxetine hydrochloride proved to be 101.52, which is in accordance with its label claim. Conclusion The developed method is non-complex and can be effectively employed in the analytical practices of atomoxetine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathi NARAPARAJU
- Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Telangana, India
| | - Padmavathi YAMJALA
- Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Telangana, India
| | - Soujanya CHAGANTI
- Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Telangana, India
| | - Durga Panikumar ANUMOLU
- Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Telangana, India
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Pengphorm P, Thongrom S, Daengngam C, Duangpan S, Hussain T, Boonrat P. Optimal-Band Analysis for Chlorophyll Quantification in Rice Leaves Using a Custom Hyperspectral Imaging System. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:259. [PMID: 38256812 PMCID: PMC10819252 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a promising tool in chlorophyll quantification, providing a non-invasive method to collect important information for effective crop management. HSI contributes to food security solutions by optimising crop yields. In this study, we presented a custom HSI system specifically designed to provide a quantitative analysis of leaf chlorophyll content (LCC). To ensure precise estimation, significant wavelengths were identified using optimal-band analysis. Our research was centred on two sets of 120 leaf samples sourced from Thailand's unique Chaew Khing rice variant. The samples were subjected to (i) an analytical LCC assessment and (ii) HSI imaging for spectral reflectance data capture. A linear regression comparison of these datasets revealed that the green (575 ± 2 nm) and near-infrared (788 ± 2 nm) bands were the most outstanding performers. Notably, the green normalised difference vegetation index (GNDVI) was the most reliable during cross-validation (R2=0.78 and RMSE = 2.4 µg∙cm-2), outperforming other examined vegetable indices (VIs), such as the simple ratio (RED/GREEN) and the chlorophyll index. The potential development of a streamlined sensor dependent only on these two wavelengths is a significant outcome of identifying these two optimal bands. This innovation can be seamlessly integrated into farming landscapes or attached to UAVs, allowing real-time monitoring and rapid, targeted N management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panuwat Pengphorm
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (P.P.); (S.T.); (C.D.)
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization), Mae Rim 50180, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sukrit Thongrom
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (P.P.); (S.T.); (C.D.)
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization), Mae Rim 50180, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chalongrat Daengngam
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (P.P.); (S.T.); (C.D.)
- National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (Public Organization), Mae Rim 50180, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Saowapa Duangpan
- Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand;
- Oil Palm Agronomical Research Center, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR 97838, USA;
| | - Pawita Boonrat
- Faculty of Technology and Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Phuket Campus, Kathu 83120, Phuket, Thailand
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Novicky F, Parr T, Friston K, Mirza MB, Sajid N. Bistable perception, precision and neuromodulation. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad401. [PMID: 37950879 PMCID: PMC10793076 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bistable perception follows from observing a static, ambiguous, (visual) stimulus with two possible interpretations. Here, we present an active (Bayesian) inference account of bistable perception and posit that perceptual transitions between different interpretations (i.e. inferences) of the same stimulus ensue from specific eye movements that shift the focus to a different visual feature. Formally, these inferences are a consequence of precision control that determines how confident beliefs are and change the frequency with which one can perceive-and alternate between-two distinct percepts. We hypothesized that there are multiple, but distinct, ways in which precision modulation can interact to give rise to a similar frequency of bistable perception. We validated this using numerical simulations of the Necker cube paradigm and demonstrate the multiple routes that underwrite the frequency of perceptual alternation. Our results provide an (enactive) computational account of the intricate precision balance underwriting bistable perception. Importantly, these precision parameters can be considered the computational homologs of particular neurotransmitters-i.e. acetylcholine, noradrenaline, dopamine-that have been previously implicated in controlling bistable perception, providing a computational link between the neurochemistry and perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Novicky
- Department of Neurophysics, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 406229 ER, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Parr
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, 12 Queen Square London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Friston
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, 12 Queen Square London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom
| | - Muammer Berk Mirza
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Pl, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - Noor Sajid
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, 12 Queen Square London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom
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Lyles RH, Zhang Y, Ge L, Waller LA. A Design and Analytical Strategy for Monitoring Disease Positivity and Biomarker Levels in Accessible Closed Populations. Am J Epidemiol 2024; 193:193-202. [PMID: 37625449 PMCID: PMC10773487 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we advocate and expand upon a previously described monitoring strategy for efficient and robust estimation of disease prevalence and case numbers within closed and enumerated populations such as schools, workplaces, or retirement communities. The proposed design relies largely on voluntary testing, which is notoriously biased (e.g., in the case of coronavirus disease 2019) due to nonrepresentative sampling. The approach yields unbiased and comparatively precise estimates with no assumptions about factors underlying selection of individuals for voluntary testing, building on the strength of what can be a small random sampling component. This component enables the use of a recently proposed "anchor stream" estimator, a well-calibrated alternative to classical capture-recapture (CRC) estimators based on 2 data streams. We show that this estimator is equivalent to a direct standardization based on "capture," that is, selection (or not) by the voluntary testing program, made possible by means of a key parameter identified by design. This equivalency simultaneously allows for novel 2-stream CRC-like estimation of general mean values (e.g., means of continuous variables like antibody levels or biomarkers). For inference, we propose adaptations of Bayesian credible intervals when estimating case counts and bootstrapping when estimating means of continuous variables. We use simulations to demonstrate significant precision benefits relative to random sampling alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Lyles
- Correspondence to Dr. Robert H. Lyles, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 (e-mail: )
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Shipp S. Computational components of visual predictive coding circuitry. Front Neural Circuits 2024; 17:1254009. [PMID: 38259953 PMCID: PMC10800426 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1254009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
If a full visual percept can be said to be a 'hypothesis', so too can a neural 'prediction' - although the latter addresses one particular component of image content (such as 3-dimensional organisation, the interplay between lighting and surface colour, the future trajectory of moving objects, and so on). And, because processing is hierarchical, predictions generated at one level are conveyed in a backward direction to a lower level, seeking to predict, in fact, the neural activity at that prior stage of processing, and learning from errors signalled in the opposite direction. This is the essence of 'predictive coding', at once an algorithm for information processing and a theoretical basis for the nature of operations performed by the cerebral cortex. Neural models for the implementation of predictive coding invoke specific functional classes of neuron for generating, transmitting and receiving predictions, and for producing reciprocal error signals. Also a third general class, 'precision' neurons, tasked with regulating the magnitude of error signals contingent upon the confidence placed upon the prediction, i.e., the reliability and behavioural utility of the sensory data that it predicts. So, what is the ultimate source of a 'prediction'? The answer is multifactorial: knowledge of the current environmental context and the immediate past, allied to memory and lifetime experience of the way of the world, doubtless fine-tuned by evolutionary history too. There are, in consequence, numerous potential avenues for experimenters seeking to manipulate subjects' expectation, and examine the neural signals elicited by surprising, and less surprising visual stimuli. This review focuses upon the predictive physiology of mouse and monkey visual cortex, summarising and commenting on evidence to date, and placing it in the context of the broader field. It is concluded that predictive coding has a firm grounding in basic neuroscience and that, unsurprisingly, there remains much to learn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stewart Shipp
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Saini RS, Bavabeedu SS, Quadri SA, Gurumurthy V, Kanji MA, Kuruniyan MS, Binduhayyim RIH, Avetisyan A, Heboyan A. Impact of 3D imaging techniques and virtual patients on the accuracy of planning and surgical placement of dental implants: A systematic review. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241253550. [PMID: 38726220 PMCID: PMC11080757 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241253550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The integration of advanced technologies, including three-dimensional (3D) imaging modalities and virtual simulations, has significantly influenced contemporary approaches to preoperative planning in implant dentistry. Through a meticulous analysis of relevant studies, this review synthesizes findings related to accuracy outcomes in implant placement facilitated by 3D imaging in virtual patients. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted across relevant databases to identify relevant studies published to date. The inclusion criteria were studies utilizing 3D imaging techniques, virtual patients, and those focusing on the accuracy of dental implant planning and surgical placement. The selected studies were critically appraised for their methodological quality. Results After a rigorous analysis, 21 relevant articles were included out of 3021 articles. This study demonstrates the versatility and applicability of these technologies in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Integrating Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM), cone bean computed tomography (CBCT), and advanced 3D reconstruction methodologies showcases a trend toward enhanced precision in implant planning and placement. Notably, the evaluation parameters varied, encompassing distances, discrepancies, and deviations in the implant placement. The ongoing integration of systems such as dynamic navigation systems, augmented reality, and sophisticated software platforms shows a promising trajectory for the continued refinement of virtual reality applications in dental implantology, providing valuable insights for future research and clinical implementation. Moreover, using stereolithographic surgical guides, virtual planning with CBCT data, and 3D-printed templates consistently demonstrates enhanced precision in dental implant placement compared to traditional methods. Conclusion The synthesis of the available evidence underscores the substantial positive impact of 3D imaging techniques and virtual patients on dental implant planning and surgical placement accuracy. Utilizing these technologies contributes to a more personalized and precise approach that enhances overall treatment outcomes. Future research directions and potential refinements to the application of these technologies in clinical practice should be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder S Saini
- Department of Dental Technology, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shashit Shetty Bavabeedu
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Masroor Ahmed Kanji
- Department of Dental Technology, COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Anna Avetisyan
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Artak Heboyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Van Hooren B, Souren T, Bongers BC. Accuracy of respiratory gas variables, substrate, and energy use from 15 CPET systems during simulated and human exercise. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14490. [PMID: 37697640 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Various systems are available for cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), but their accuracy remains largely unexplored. We evaluate the accuracy of 15 popular CPET systems to assess respiratory variables, substrate use, and energy expenditure during simulated exercise. Cross-comparisons were also performed during human cycling experiments (i.e., verification of simulation findings), and between-session reliability was assessed for a subset of systems. METHODS A metabolic simulator was used to simulate breath-by-breath gas exchange, and the values measured by each system (minute ventilation [V̇E], breathing frequency [BF], oxygen uptake [V̇O2 ], carbon dioxide production [V̇CO2 ], respiratory exchange ratio [RER], energy from carbs and fats, and total energy expenditure) were compared to the simulated values to assess the accuracy. The following manufacturers (system) were assessed: COSMED (Quark CPET, K5), Cortex (MetaLyzer 3B, MetaMax 3B), Vyaire (Vyntus CPX, Oxycon Pro), Maastricht Instruments (Omnical), MGC Diagnostics (Ergocard Clinical, Ergocard Pro, Ultima), Ganshorn/Schiller (PowerCube Ergo), Geratherm (Ergostik), VO2master (VO2masterPro), PNOĒ (PNOĒ), and Calibre Biometrics (Calibre). RESULTS Absolute percentage errors during the simulations ranged from 1.15%-44.3% for V̇E, 1.05-3.79% for BF, 1.10%-13.3% for V̇O2 , 1.07%-18.3% for V̇CO2 , 0.62%-14.8% for RER, 5.52%-99.0% for Kcal from carbs, 5.13%-133% for Kcal from fats, and 0.59%-12.1% for total energy expenditure. Between-session variation ranged from 0.86%-21.0% for V̇O2 and 1.14%-20.2% for V̇CO2 , respectively. CONCLUSION The error of respiratory gas variables, substrate, and energy use differed substantially between systems, with only a few systems demonstrating a consistent acceptable error. We extensively discuss the implications of our findings for clinicians, researchers and other CPET users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas Van Hooren
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tjeu Souren
- Independent Consultant, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart C Bongers
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Harris A, Taub L. Quantification and precision: a brief look at some ancient accounts. Ann Sci 2024; 81:10-29. [PMID: 38153264 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2282778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
We explore the extent to which ancient Greek authors formulated concepts that approximate or encompass our modern notions of precision and accuracy. First, we focus on estimates and measurements of geographic features, astronomical times and positions, and weight. These raise further questions about whether the quantities reported were measured, estimated, or rounded. While ancient sources discuss the use of instruments, it is not always clear that the aim was to achieve what we would today regard as 'precision'. Next, we briefly consider round numbers, observing that they could carry symbolic meaning, while unrounded numbers could give an impression of hard-won achievement. Finally, we examine uses of the word akribeia. This is often translated as 'precision' or 'exactness', and Greek writers sometimes used akribeia to denote an ideal for their inquiries. A brief look at its uses by a number of Greek writers will on the one hand show the mismatch with our term 'precision', and on the other hand throw some light on the aims of Greek investigators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Harris
- Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liba Taub
- Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Ogawa T, Kobayashi H, Kuwata M, Obata H, Shinya M, Ijiri T, Miki T, Nakazawa K. Cross-sectional comparison of the probabilistic structure in the distribution of pitching location among baseball pitchers of different ages. Sports Biomech 2024; 23:81-94. [PMID: 33118477 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2020.1822908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was a cross-sectional comparison of probabilistic structure in the distribution of pitching location among baseball pitchers of various age groups (25 elementary school (ES), 20 junior high school (JH), 15 high school (HS), and 18 college students (CL)). In the results, despite the general age-dependent variations in pitching precision, the difference was reflected not only in error 'size' but also in the 'shape' of error as it was shown by fitting 95% confidence ellipse to the two dimensional distribution of pitch location. While the precision measure as a reflection of trial-by-trial variability of release timing (major axis length of the ellipse) was constant, minor axis length of the ellipse as a reflection of variability in the pitching form of each participant demonstrated significant differences among the groups. In the ES group particularly, the trial-by-trial variability in the trajectory angle of the throwing arm was significantly correlated with the minor axis length; this correlation was far greater than those in older groups. The present study is the first to demonstrate the detailed structure of the variability of pitching location of baseball dependent on age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Ogawa
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masumi Kuwata
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Obata
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinya
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ijiri
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miki
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimitaka Nakazawa
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Krishnamoorthy K, Murshed MM. Confidence estimation based on data from independent studies. Stat Methods Med Res 2024; 33:42-60. [PMID: 38055982 DOI: 10.1177/09622802231217644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The problem of finding confidence intervals based on data from several independent studies or experiments is considered. A general method of finding confidence intervals by inverting a combined test is proposed. The combined tests considered are the Fisher test, the weighted inverse normal test, the inverse chi-square test and the inverse Cauchy test. The method is illustrated for finding confidence intervals for a common mean of several normal populations, common correlation coefficient of several bivariate normal populations, common coefficient of variation, common mean of several lognormal populations, and for a common mean of several gamma populations. For each case, the confidence intervals based on the combined tests are compared with the other available approximate confidence intervals with respect to coverage probability and precision. R functions to compute all confidence intervals are provided in a supplementary file. The methods are illustrated using several practical examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Monzur Murshed
- Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
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Sharma PK, Yadav M. Confidence Interval: Advantages, Disadvantages and the Dilemma of Interpretation. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2024; 19:76-80. [PMID: 38099533 DOI: 10.2174/0115748871266250231120043345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Confidence interval (CI) is one of the important reporting tools for research data as it not only provides valuable information about the effect size along with its width but also possible clinical significance. Unfortunately, this approach is not being utilized to its fullest extent. Determining point estimate always includes an element of uncertainty due to associated sampling error. A confidence interval may be an appropriate tool to measure this uncertainty. Further, the P value does not convey information about the magnitude of an effect and the error associated with it. Thus, in an ideal situation effect size should preferably be associated with a confidence interval to assess precision. Not only does CI let us assess likely effects but also decides whether the intervention applied could have clinical utility. In contrast, the p-value limits our option to either reject any differences that are not significant or accept those that are. However, confidence intervals are commonly misinterpreted. It is imperative to understand that the CI is not the range of effects that 95% of patients in the population exhibit. Moreover, it would also be erroneous to say that there is a 95% probability that the CI includes the true population effect. Interpretation is usually based on the context in which the confidence interval is being looked at. From a utility point of view and like other statistical tools confidence interval approach does have several advantages as well as disadvantages and is far beyond being a perfect statistical tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Santosh Medical University, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mamta Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, Santosh Medical University, Ghaziabad, India
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Hijikata H, Mochizuki T, Maeda K, Tanifuji O, Omori G, Yamamoto N, Kawashima H. Varus/valgus stability in imageless robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty applying three-dimensional assessment of varus/valgus stress X-rays. Biomed Mater Eng 2024; 35:179-189. [PMID: 38043002 DOI: 10.3233/bme-230146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The postoperative varus/valgus stability assessment in stress X-rays has been established as an evaluation index. However, it is performed by the two-dimensional (2D) method rather than the three-dimensional (3D) method. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the precision and reproducibility of measuring varus/valgus stress X-rays three-dimensionally and to examine varus/valgus stability under anesthesia in imageless robotic assisted total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). METHODS This prospective study analyzed 52 consecutive rTKAs (five males, 67 ± 5.3 years; 47 females, 74 ± 5.9 years). Postoperative varus/valgus stress X-rays in knee extension under anesthesia at manual maximum stress were three-dimensionally assessed by 2D-3D image matching technique using the 3D bone and component models. Varus/valgus angle between components (VV angle) in no stress, valgus stress, varus stress, medial joint opening (MJO), and lateral joint opening (LJO) were evaluated, clarifying this method's precision and reproducibility and valgus/varus stability. RESULTS All parameters' precision and reproducibility had <1° mean differences and high intra- and inter-class correlation coefficients. Bland-Altman plots showed no fixed and proportional bias. Non-stress VV angle, valgus VV angle, varus VV angle, MJO, and LJO were 3.6 ± 1.2°, 1.0 ± 1.4°, 7.1 ± 1.9°, 1.5 ± 1.0 mm, and 2.8 ± 2.7 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION This prospective study demonstrated that (1) the three-dimensional measurement method provided sufficient precision and reproducibility, and (2) the rTKAs could achieve good postoperative varus/valgus stability with a small standard deviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hijikata
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Mochizuki
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Keisuku Maeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Osamu Tanifuji
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Go Omori
- Department of Health and Sports, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawashima
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
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Gluch S. Time troubles: clocks and practices of precision in early eighteenth-century observatories. Ann Sci 2024; 81:160-188. [PMID: 38258283 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2282773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In 1736/37, Joseph-Nicolas Delisle and Jean Jacques Dortous de Mairan communicated about the clocks that would enable the astronomers of the Saint Petersburg observatory to make highly exact observations. Delisle, who was in charge of the Saint Petersburg observatory, demanded old-fashioned clocks in the manner of Huygens. Mairan, well-versed in astronomy himself, recommended equation clocks. The article uses these seemingly inappropriate preferences to discuss eighteenth-century notions of accuracy and precision in clocks. It analyses the multiple factors that influenced expectations regarding the performance of timekeeping instruments, and draws attention to handling and monitoring practices. The latter reflected the individual user's purposes and experience, but also affected the clocks' going. Furthermore, the article presents the result of a statistical analysis, which serves to evaluate the historical performance of the Saint Petersburg observatory clocks and provides a foil against which Delisle's judgement of them is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Gluch
- Mathematisch-Physikalischer Salon, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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50
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Brown SC, Aitken WW, Lombard J, Parrish A, Dewald JR, Ma R, Messinger S, Liu S, Nardi MI, Rundek T, Szapocznik J. Longitudinal Impacts of Precision Greenness on Alzheimer's Disease. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:710-720. [PMID: 38706287 PMCID: PMC11061009 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential for greenness as a novel protective factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires further exploration. OBJECTIVES This study assesses prospectively and longitudinally the association between precision greenness - greenness measured at the micro-environmental level, defined as the Census block - and AD incidence. DESIGN Older adults living in consistently high greenness Census blocks across 2011 and 2016 were compared to those living in consistently low greenness blocks on AD incidence during 2012-2016. SETTING Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA. PARTICIPANTS 230,738 U.S. Medicare beneficiaries. MEASUREMENTS U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Chronic Condition Algorithm for AD based on ICD-9 codes, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, age, sex, race/ethnicity, neighborhood income, and walkability. RESULTS Older adults living in the consistently high greenness tertile, compared to those in the consistently low greenness tertile, had 16% lower odds of AD incidence (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.76-0.94, p=0.0014), adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and neighborhood income. Age, neighborhood income and walkability moderated greenness' relationship to odds of AD incidence, such that younger ages (65-74), lower-income, and non-car dependent neighborhoods may benefit most from high greenness. CONCLUSIONS High greenness, compared to low greenness, is associated with lower 5-year AD incidence. Residents who are younger and/or who reside in lower-income, walkable neighborhoods may benefit the most from high greenness. These findings suggest that consistently high greenness at the Census block-level, may be associated with reduced odds of AD incidence at a population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Brown
- William W. Aitken, M.D., on behalf of the University of Miami Built Environment, Behavior, and Health Research Group, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite #1065, Miami, FL 33136, USA. Tel.: +1 305-519-5136.
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