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Qin C, Gong S, Liang T, Zhang Z, Thomas J, Deng J, Liu Y, Hu P, Zhu B, Song S, Ortiz MF, Ikeno Y, Wang E, Lechleiter J, Weintraub ST, Bai Y. HADHA Regulates Respiratory Complex Assembly and Couples FAO and OXPHOS. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2405147. [PMID: 39488787 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/04/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) are key bioenergetics pathways. The machineries for both processes are localized in mitochondria. Secondary OXPHOS defects have been documented in patients with primary FAO deficiencies, and vice versa. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Intrigued by the observations that regulation of supercomplexes (SCs) assembly in a mouse OXPHOS deficient cell line and its derivatives is associated with the changes in lipid metabolism, a proteomics analysis is carried out and identified mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) subunit alpha (hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit alpha, HADHA) as a potential regulatory factor for SCs assembly. HADHA-Knockdown cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from HADHA-Knockout mice displayed both reduced SCs assembly and defective OXPHOS. Stimulation of OXPHOS induced in cell culture by replacing glucose with galactose and of lipid metabolism in mice with a high-fat diet (HFD) both exhibited increased HADHA expression. HADHA Heterozygous mice fed with HFD showed enhanced steatosis associated with a reduction of SCs assembly and OXPHOS function. The results indicate that HADHA participates in SCs assembly and couples FAO and OXPHOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Qin
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Shasha Gong
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
- Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Medical School, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Zhenbo Zhang
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Jessie Thomas
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Janice Deng
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Yaguang Liu
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Peiqing Hu
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Bi Zhu
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Shujie Song
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Marisol Fernández Ortiz
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Yuji Ikeno
- Barshop Institute of Aging Research and Longevity and Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Exing Wang
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - James Lechleiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Susan T Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Yidong Bai
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
- Population Science and Prevention Program, Mays Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
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How hot can mitochondria be? Incubation at temperatures above 43 °C induces the degradation of respiratory complexes and supercomplexes in intact cells and isolated mitochondria. Mitochondrion 2023; 69:83-94. [PMID: 36764502 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function generates an important fraction of the heat that contributes to cellular and organismal temperature maintenance, but the actual values of this parameter reached in the organelles is a matter of debate. The studies addressing this issue have reported divergent results: from detecting in the organelles the same temperature as the cell average or the incubation temperature, to increasing differences of up to 10 degrees above the incubation value. Theoretical calculations based on physical laws exclude the possibility of relevant temperature gradients between mitochondria and their surroundings. These facts have given rise to a conundrum or paradox about hot mitochondria. We have examined by Blue-Native electrophoresis, both in intact cells and in isolated organelles, the stability of respiratory complexes and supercomplexes at different temperatures to obtain information about their tolerance to heat stress. We observe that, upon incubation at values above 43 °C and after relatively short periods, respiratory complexes, and especially complex I and its supercomplexes, are unstable even when the respiratory activity is inhibited. These results support the conclusion that high temperatures (>43 °C) cause damage to mitochondrial structure and function and question the proposal that these organelles can physiologically work at close to 50 °C.
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