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Mastromatteo M, Danza A, Guida M, Del Nobile MA. Formulation optimisation of vegetable flour-loaded functional bread Part I: screening of vegetable flours and structuring agents. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.02975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Van Rompay MI, McKeown NM, Castaneda-Sceppa C, Falcon LM, Ordovas JM, Tucker KL. Acculturation and sociocultural influences on dietary intake and health status among Puerto Rican adults in Massachusetts. J Acad Nutr Diet 2012; 112:64-74. [PMID: 22389874 PMCID: PMC3289968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2011.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown negative consequences of acculturation on lifestyle factors, health status, and dietary intake of Hispanic immigrants in the US. Despite prevalent type 2 diabetes and low socioeconomic status (SES) among Puerto Rican adults living on the US mainland, little is known about acculturation in this group. OBJECTIVE We investigated associations among acculturation, lifestyle characteristics, health status, and carbohydrate nutrition in Puerto Rican adults. A secondary objective was to investigate possible confounding and/or effect modification on these associations by SES. DESIGN Cross-sectional data from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, which included 1219 Puerto Ricans in the Boston area, aged 45-75 years. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Characteristics were compared using ANCOVA, linear trend and Pearson's chi-square tests across quartiles of acculturation. Tests for interaction by poverty status were conducted. Proportional contributions of foods to intake of total carbohydrate and fiber were assessed using SAS RANK. RESULTS Levels of acculturation were low, despite young age at first arrival to the US mainland (25.4 ± 12.3 y) and long length of stay (34.2 ± 12.2 y). Greater English language use was associated with higher SES, alcohol consumption, physical activity, better perceived health, and less central obesity. Acculturation was associated with lower legume fiber and greater cereal fiber intake. Among those above the poverty threshold, acculturation was associated with lower dietary glycemic index and starch intake, and greater fruit and non-starchy vegetable intake. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to studies with Mexican Americans, the association of acculturation with dietary quality in these Puerto Rican adults was mixed, but tended toward better carbohydrate quality. Dietary recommendations should include maintenance of traditional, healthful dietary practices including consumption of legumes, but also reduction in refined grains, and greater inclusion of fruit, non-starchy vegetables, and whole grains. Interventions to improve access to better quality carbohydrate sources are necessary for this group disproportionately affected by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Van Rompay
- Current affliation: Postdoctoral Associate, Nutrition and Genomics, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111. At time research was conducted: Doctoral Student, Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111
| | - Nicola M. McKeown
- Scientist and Director, Nutritional Epidemiology Program, Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, Tel: (617) 556-3367; Fax: (617) 556-3344
| | - Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa
- Associate Professor, Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, 316 Robinson Hall, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, Tel: (617) 373-5543; Fax: (617) 373-2968
| | - Luis M. Falcon
- Associate Professor, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Northeastern University, 112 Hayden Hall, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, Tel: (617) 373-5851
| | - José M. Ordovas
- Director, Nutrition and Genomics, Professor Nutrition and Genetics, Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, Tel: (617) 556-3102; Fax: (617) 556-3211
| | - Katherine L. Tucker
- Current affliation: Professor and Chair, Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, 316 Robinson Hall, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, Tel: (617) 373-3666, Fax: (617) 373-2968. At time research was conducted: Senior Scientist and Director, Dietary Assessment and Epidemiology Research Program, Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111
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Rubinstein A, Colantonio L, Bardach A, Caporale J, Martí SG, Kopitowski K, Alcaraz A, Gibbons L, Augustovski F, Pichón-Rivière A. Estimation of the burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to modifiable risk factors and cost-effectiveness analysis of preventative interventions to reduce this burden in Argentina. BMC Public Health 2010; 10:627. [PMID: 20961456 PMCID: PMC2970607 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in Argentina representing 34.2% of deaths and 12.6% of potential years of life lost (PYLL). The aim of the study was to estimate the burden of acute coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke and the cost-effectiveness of preventative population-based and clinical interventions. METHODS An epidemiological model was built incorporating prevalence and distribution of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, hyperglycemia, overweight and obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity, obtained from the Argentine Survey of Risk Factors dataset. Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of each risk factor was estimated using relative risks from international sources. Total fatal and non-fatal events, PYLL and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) were estimated. Costs of event were calculated from local utilization databases and expressed in international dollars (I$). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were estimated for six interventions: reducing salt in bread, mass media campaign to promote tobacco cessation, pharmacological therapy of high blood pressure, pharmacological therapy of high cholesterol, tobacco cessation therapy with bupropion, and a multidrug strategy for people with an estimated absolute risk > 20% in 10 years. RESULTS An estimated total of 611,635 DALY was lost due to acute CHD and stroke for 2005. Modifiable risk factors explained 71.1% of DALY and more than 80% of events. Two interventions were cost-saving: lowering salt intake in the population through reducing salt in bread and multidrug therapy targeted to persons with an absolute risk above 20% in 10 years; three interventions had very acceptable ICERs: drug therapy for high blood pressure in hypertensive patients not yet undergoing treatment (I$ 2,908 per DALY saved), mass media campaign to promote tobacco cessation amongst smokers (I$ 3,186 per DALY saved), and lowering cholesterol with statin drug therapy (I$ 14,432 per DALY saved); and one intervention was not found to be cost-effective: tobacco cessation with bupropion (I$ 59,433 per DALY saved) CONCLUSIONS Most of the interventions selected were cost-saving or very cost-effective. This study aims to inform policy makers on resource-allocation decisions to reduce the burden of CVD in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Rubinstein
- Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy IECS, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Shenoy SF, Kazaks AG, Holt RR, Chen HJ, Winters BL, Khoo CS, Poston WSC, Haddock CK, Reeves RS, Foreyt JP, Gershwin ME, Keen CL. The use of a commercial vegetable juice as a practical means to increase vegetable intake: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr J 2010; 9:38. [PMID: 20849620 PMCID: PMC2949782 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-9-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommendations for daily dietary vegetable intake were increased in the 2005 USDA Dietary Guidelines as consumption of a diet rich in vegetables has been associated with lower risk of certain chronic health disorders including cardiovascular disease. However, vegetable consumption in the United States has declined over the past decade; consequently, the gap between dietary recommendations and vegetable intake is widening. The primary aim of this study is to determine if drinking vegetable juice is a practical way to help meet daily dietary recommendations for vegetable intake consistent with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. The secondary aim is to assess the effect of a vegetable juice on measures of cardiovascular health. METHODS We conducted a 12-week, randomized, controlled, parallel-arm study consisting of 3 groups of free-living, healthy volunteers who participated in study visits at the Ragle Human Nutrition Research Center at the University of California, Davis. All subjects received education on the DASH diet and 0, 8 or 16 fluid ounces of vegetable juice daily. Assessments were completed of daily vegetable servings before and after incorporation of vegetable juice and cardiovascular health parameters including blood pressure. RESULTS Without the juice, vegetable intake in all groups was lower than the 2005 Dietary Guidelines and DASH diet recommendations. The consumption of the vegetable juice helped participants reach recommended intake. In general, parameters associated with cardiovascular health did not change over time. However, in the vegetable juice intervention groups, subjects who were pre-hypertensive at the start of the study showed a significant decrease in blood pressure during the 12-week intervention period. CONCLUSION Including 1-2 cups of vegetable juice daily was an effective and acceptable way for healthy adults to close the dietary vegetable gap. Increase in daily vegetable intake was associated with a reduction in blood pressure in subjects who were pre-hypertensive at the start of the trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01161706.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia F Shenoy
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Lewis KD, Burton-Freeman BM. The role of innovation and technology in meeting individual nutritional needs. J Nutr 2010; 140:426S-36S. [PMID: 20032490 DOI: 10.3945/jn.109.114710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Few Americans meet the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and many do not know how to apply food and nutrition information to develop a personal approach to preventing diet/lifestyle-related diseases. In a time of rapid technologic advancement and rewards for innovation, a critical opportunity in food and nutrition science exists for improving health and reducing disease risk. The National Center for Food Safety and Technology (NCFST) recently established the Health Promoting Foods research platform to support the availability of safe food by using emerging technologies for improving food quality and consumer choice. A workshop convened with leading regulators and nutrition, genetic, medical, toxicological, behavioral, and consumer scientists to: discuss challenges facing personalized nutrition and health, develop strategies to overcome challenges using innovations in food and information technology, and define and prioritize a short- and long-term research agenda for the research platform. The workshop included presentations and in-depth discussions on the state of the science in genomics, behavior, food, and information technology. Workshop participants identified gaps, intersections, and new opportunities for delivering individualized food-based solutions that would be more accessible, affordable, and convenient. The research agenda, which was developed within a framework of providing information and guidance to the food and associated industries, supporting the process for health-related claims, building consumer confidence in data and food-health information, and providing a pathway for implementation of the US Dietary Guidelines for Americans and other public policies, reflects the commitment of the community, government, food industry, health organizations, and academia to improving health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara D Lewis
- Life Sciences Research Office, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
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Sharma SV, Bush JA, Lorino AJ, Knoblauch M, Abuamer D, Blog G, Bertman D. Diet and cardiovascular risk in university marching band, dance team and cheer squad members: a cross-sectional study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2008; 5:9. [PMID: 18423024 PMCID: PMC2365926 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-5-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Diets high in fat, especially saturated fat, are often linked to obesity, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, all risk factors for CVD. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between diet and CVD risk factors in members of a university marching band, dance team and cheer squad. METHODS In 2004, 232 marching band, dance team and cheer squad members completed a self-administered survey evaluating dietary intake. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, fasting serum glucose and cholesterol were measured. Unpaired t-test and Pearson's chi square test were used to determine baseline differences by gender. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the cross-sectional association between dietary intake of various food groups such as grains, meats, fruits & vegetables, dairy, water, alcohol and risk factors for CVD namely BMI, WHR, blood glucose, total cholesterol, and blood pressure (BP). RESULTS 45% of the participants were overweight; 30% of females and 4.3% of males had WHR >/= 0.80 and 0.95 respectively. Almost 8% were hyperglycemic, 10% hypercholesterolemic, 15% had high systolic and 9% had high diastolic BP. Less than 50% consumed the recommended servings of grains, fruits and vegetables, dairy and water and 58% consumed alcohol. Higher grains intake was positively associated with higher BMI (Adjusted beta = 1.97, p = 0.030, 95% CI: 0.19, 3.74) and; higher alcohol intake was also positively associated with higher BMI (Adjusted beta = 0.15, p = 0.002, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.24). CONCLUSION These results warrant the evaluation of existing college-based health programs and development of new interventions to improve dietary habits and promote a healthy lifestyle in these athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreela V Sharma
- Division of Epidemiology, Michael and Susan Dell Center for Advancement of Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Houston, USA
| | - Jill A Bush
- Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Andrew J Lorino
- Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Mark Knoblauch
- Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Diana Abuamer
- Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Gabe Blog
- Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Dave Bertman
- Moores School of Music, The University of Houston, Houston, USA
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Payette H, Shatenstein B. Les déterminants de la saine alimentation chez les personnes âgées vivant dans la collectivité. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03405198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Racette SB, Deusinger SS, Strube MJ, Highstein GR, Deusinger RH. Weight changes, exercise, and dietary patterns during freshman and sophomore years of college. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2005; 53:245-51. [PMID: 15900988 DOI: 10.3200/jach.53.6.245-251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Weight gain and behavioral patterns during college may contribute to overweight and obesity in adulthood. The aims of this study were to assess weight, exercise, and dietary patterns of 764 college students (53% women, 47% men) during freshman and sophomore years. Students had their weight and height measured and completed questionnaires about their recent exercise and dietary patterns. At the beginning of freshman year, 29% of students reported not exercising, 70% ate fewer than 5 fruits and vegetables daily, and more than 50% ate fried or high-fat fast foods at least 3 times during the previous week. By the end of their sophomore year, 70% of the 290 students who were reassessed had gained weight (4.1+/-3.6 kg, p < .001), but there was no apparent association with exercise or dietary patterns. Future research is needed to assess the contributions of fat, muscle, and bone mass to observed weight gain and to determine the health implications of these findings.
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Hung HC, Joshipura KJ, Jiang R, Hu FB, Hunter D, Smith-Warner SA, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Spiegelman D, Willett WC. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Major Chronic Disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004; 96:1577-84. [PMID: 15523086 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djh296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 708] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to overall health are limited. We evaluated the relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and the incidence of cardiovascular disease and cancer and of deaths from other causes in two prospective cohorts. METHODS A total of 71 910 female participants in the Nurses' Health study and 37,725 male participants in the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study who were free of major chronic disease completed baseline semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaires in 1984 and 1986, respectively. Dietary information was updated in 1986, 1990, and 1994 for women and in 1990 and 1994 for men. Participants were followed up for incidence of cardiovascular disease, cancer, or death through May 1998 (women) and January 1998 (men). Multivariable-adjusted relative risks were calculated with Cox proportional hazards analysis. RESULTS We ascertained 9329 events (1964 cardiovascular, 6584 cancer, and 781 other deaths) in women and 4957 events (1670 cardiovascular diseases, 2500 cancers, and 787 other deaths) in men during follow-up. For men and women combined, participants in the highest quintile of total fruit and vegetable intake had a relative risk for major chronic disease of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.89 to 1.01) times that of those in the lowest. Total fruit and vegetable intake was inversely associated with risk of cardiovascular disease but not with overall cancer incidence, with relative risk for an increment of five servings daily of 0.88 (95% CI = 0.81 to 0.95) for cardiovascular disease and 1.00 (95% CI = 0.95 to 1.05) for cancer. Of the food groups analyzed, green leafy vegetable intake showed the strongest inverse association with major chronic disease and cardiovascular disease. For an increment of one serving per day of green leafy vegetables, relative risks were 0.95 (95% CI = 0.92 to 0.99) for major chronic disease and 0.89 (95% CI = 0.83 to 0.96) for cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS Increased fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with a modest although not statistically significant reduction in the development of major chronic disease. The benefits appeared to be primarily for cardiovascular disease and not for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chia Hung
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Hampl JS, Taylor CA, Johnston CS. Vitamin C deficiency and depletion in the United States: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988 to 1994. Am J Public Health 2004; 94:870-5. [PMID: 15117714 PMCID: PMC1448351 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.94.5.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to determine prevalence rates of vitamin C deficiency and depletion in the United States. METHODS We used data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to assess intake of dietary, supplemental, and serum vitamin C. RESULTS Mean intakes and serum levels of vitamin C were normal; however, vitamin C deficiency and depletion were common (occurring among 5%-17% and 13%-23% of respondents, respectively). Smokers, those who did not use supplements, and non-Hispanic Black males had elevated risks of vitamin C deficiency, while Mexican Americans had lower risks. CONCLUSIONS Health professionals should recommend consumption of vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C and should recommend supplementation for individuals at risk of vitamin C deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Hampl
- Department of Nutrition, Arizona State University, 7001 E. Williams Field Road, Mesa, AZ 85212, USA.
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By-products of plant food processing as a source of functional compounds — recent developments. Trends Food Sci Technol 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-2244(02)00012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 840] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abusabha R, Hsieh KH, Achterberg C. Dietary fat reduction strategies used by a group of adults aged 50 years and older. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION 2001; 101:1024-30. [PMID: 11573753 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(01)00252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the fat-reduction strategies used by a group of older adults who successfully made and maintained positive dietary changes for 5 years or longer. DESIGN Participants completed 2 copies of a self-administered food frequency questionaire: The first copy assessed diet before they began making changes and the second copy assessed diet after initiation of healthful dietary changes. Positive food changes were identified from the food frequency questionnaires. During in-person interviews, participants placed food changes onto a time line according to the nearest estimated date of initiation of the change. SUBJECTS Participants were 65 free-living older adults (aged >50 years) who had maintained substantial changes to decrease fat intake in their diet for at least 5 years. Statistical analyses performed Quantitative and qualitative data were used to identify the fat-reduction strategies and to confirm and validate the fat-reduction strategy model. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to confirm the new model. The Kuder-Richardson-20 reliability coefficient (kr) was used to determine internal consistency of the scales developed for the study. RESULTS The majority of participants decreased their fat intake gradually, at different time points in their lives, and over a long period of time (5 to 43 years). Mean percent energy intake from fat decreased from 44.3 +/- 5.9% before dietary improvement to 25.9 +/- 7.1% at the time of the study. The final model consisted of 5 fat-reduction strategies with 63 food changes. The strategies were: increase summer fruits (4 items; kr=0.66), increase vegetables and grains (14 items; kr=0.79), decrease recreational foods (14 items; kr=0.76), decrease cooking fat (20 items; kr=0.86), and use fat-modified foods (11 items; kr=0.80). APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS Dietetics professionals should base their advice on the dietary strategies used by consumers rather than hypothetical premises such as food or nutrient groupings. Nutrition education interventions will have better chances for success if they are based on a set of customized programs that guide appropriate consumer segments through a series of small, comfortable, and sustainable dietary changes over a prolonged period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abusabha
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
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Johnston CS, Taylor CA, Hampl JS. More Americans are eating "5 a day" but intakes of dark green and cruciferous vegetables remain low. J Nutr 2000; 130:3063-7. [PMID: 11110870 DOI: 10.1093/jn/130.12.3063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological investigations repeatedly show that the regular consumption of dark green and cruciferous vegetables, tomatoes and citrus fruits in particular is related to reduced cancer risk. We used the 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals to examine the types of fruits and vegetables consumed by Americans. The analytic sample population, which consisted of 4806 men and women (25-75 y old) who completed two nonconsecutive 24-h recalls, consumed 3.6 +/- 2.3 servings of vegetables and 1.6 +/- 2.0 servings of fruit daily. Iceberg lettuce, tomatoes, French fried potatoes, bananas and orange juice were the most commonly consumed fruits and vegetables, accounting for nearly 30% of all fruits and vegetables consumed. The most popular items, lettuce and tomatoes, were consumed by 39-42% of the sample population during the reporting period. Fewer respondents (16-24%) consumed French fried potatoes, bananas or orange juice. Only 3% of the sample consumed broccoli during the reporting period. White potato consumption averaged 1.1 servings daily, with French fried potatoes representing 0.4 serving. Tomato product consumption averaged 0.5 serving daily, dark green vegetable consumption averaged 0.2 serving daily and citrus, berries or melon consumption amounted to nearly 0.8 serving daily. These data indicate that Americans are consuming more fruits and vegetables but that dark green and cruciferous vegetable intake is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Johnston
- Department of Nutrition, Arizona State University East, Mesa 85212, USA.
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Ciliska D, Miles E, O’brien MA, Turl C, Hale Tomasik H, Donovan U, Beyers J. Effectiveness of Community-Based Interventions to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Consumption. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3182(00)70594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hampl JS, Betts NM, Benes BA. The 'age+5' rule: comparisons of dietary fiber intake among 4- to 10-year-old children. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION 1998; 98:1418-23. [PMID: 9850110 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(98)00320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine children's sources of dietary fiber and to identify the food group choices made by those who met the "age+5" rule, which recommends that children daily consume an amount of fiber that is equal to their age plus an additional 5 g fiber. DESIGN This study used 24-hour dietary recalls and 1-day food records to assess the nutrient intake and food group choices of children who did and did not meet the recommendations of the age+5 rule. SUBJECTS The 1989-1991 US Department of Agriculture Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals provided the study sample of 603 children between the ages of 4 and 6 years and 782 children between the ages of 7 and 10 years. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Differences in nutrient and food group intakes between age categories were determined by t tests. RESULTS Only 45% of 4- to 6-year-olds and 32% of 7- to 10-year-olds consumed adequate fiber to meet the age+5 rule. Those who met the age+5 rule did so by consuming significantly more high- and low-fiber breads and cereals, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and seeds. Children with low fiber intakes had significantly higher energy-adjusted intakes of fat and cholesterol, whereas those who met the age+5 rule had significantly higher energy-adjusted intakes of dietary fiber, vitamins A and E, folate, magnesium, and iron. APPLICATIONS The majority of the children had low intakes of dietary fiber, suggesting that they are at risk for future chronic disease. Parents and school foodservice personnel should strive to offer fiber-rich foods to children so their acceptance and consumption of them will be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Hampl
- Department of Family Resources and Human Development at Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-2502, USA
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