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Poitras I, Campeau-Lecours A, Mercier C. Relationship between somatosensory and visuo-perceptual impairments and motor functions in adults with hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1425124. [PMID: 39087017 PMCID: PMC11290339 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1425124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Children with cerebral palsy (CP) exhibit a variety of sensory impairments that can interfere with motor performance, but how these impairments persist into adulthood needs further investigation. The objective of this study was to describe the sensory impairments in adults having CP and how they relate to motor impairments. Methods Nineteen adults having CP performed a set of robotic and clinical assessments. These assessments were targeting different sensory functions and motor functions (bilateral and unilateral tasks). Frequency of each type of impairments was determined by comparing individual results to normative data. Association between the sensory and motor impairments was assessed with Spearman correlation coefficient. Results Impairment in stereognosis was the most frequent, affecting 57.9% of participants. Although less frequently impaired (26.3%), tactile discrimination was associated with all the motor tasks (unilateral and bilateral, either robotic or clinical). Performance in robotic motor assessments was more frequently associated with sensory impairments than with clinical assessments. Finally, sensory impairments were not more closely associated with bilateral tasks than with unilateral tasks. Discussion Somatosensory and visuo-perceptual impairments are frequent among adults with CP, with 84.2% showing impairments in at least one sensory function. These sensory impairments show a moderate association with motor impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Poitras
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Campeau-Lecours
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine Mercier
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Telles GF, Coelho VK, Gomes BS, Alexandre DJDA, Corrêa LA, Nogueira LAC. Pain and disability were related to Y-balance test but not with proprioception acuity and single-leg triple-hop test in patients with patellofemoral pain: A cross-sectional study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 38:42-46. [PMID: 38763588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patellofemoral pain is a common complaint between physically active subjects. Patients with patellofemoral pain present limitations to performing daily activities. Pain could alter proprioceptive acuity and lead to movement impairment. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of pain and disability with proprioception acuity and physical performance in patients with patellofemoral pain. METHODS Forty-eight patients with patellofemoral pain [age 31.15 (5.91) years; 30 (62.50%) males] were recruited. Data collected included pain intensity, pain duration, disability, joint position sense (JPS) test at 20° and 60° of knee flexion, and physical performance tests (Single-Leg Triple-Hop Test and Y- Balance Test). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed to assess the relationship between the variables. RESULTS Pain intensity was correlated with Y-Balance Test posteromedial component (rs = -0.32, 95%CI = -0.55 to -0.03, p = 0.029) and the composite score (rs = -0.35, 95%CI = -0.58, -0.07, p = 0.015). Pain duration was correlated with Y-Balance Test posterolateral component (rs = -0.23, 95% CI = -0.53 to -0.01, p = 0.047). Disability was correlated with Y-Balance Test posteromedial component (rs = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.14 to 0.62, p = 0.004). Pain and disability were not correlated with JPS and the Single-Leg Triple-Hop Test. CONCLUSION Pain and disability were related to Y-Balance Test but not to proprioceptive acuity and Single-Leg Triple-Hop Test in patients with patellofemoral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Felicio Telles
- Rehabilitation Science Postgraduation Program - Augusto Motta University Centre (UNISUAM), Avenida Paris, 84, Bonsucesso, CEP 21041-020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Knust Coelho
- Rehabilitation Science Postgraduation Program - Augusto Motta University Centre (UNISUAM), Avenida Paris, 84, Bonsucesso, CEP 21041-020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Admiral Adalberto Nunes Physical Education Center (Brazilian Navy), Avenida Brasil, 10590, Penha, CEP 21012-350, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno Senos Gomes
- Rehabilitation Science Postgraduation Program - Augusto Motta University Centre (UNISUAM), Avenida Paris, 84, Bonsucesso, CEP 21041-020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Admiral Adalberto Nunes Physical Education Center (Brazilian Navy), Avenida Brasil, 10590, Penha, CEP 21012-350, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dângelo José de Andrade Alexandre
- Physiotherapy Department, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics (INTO), Avenida Brasil, 500, Caju, CEP 20940-070, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leticia Amaral Corrêa
- Rehabilitation Science Postgraduation Program - Augusto Motta University Centre (UNISUAM), Avenida Paris, 84, Bonsucesso, CEP 21041-020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leandro Alberto Calazans Nogueira
- Rehabilitation Science Postgraduation Program - Augusto Motta University Centre (UNISUAM), Avenida Paris, 84, Bonsucesso, CEP 21041-020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Physiotherapy Department, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rua Carlos Wenceslau, 343, Realengo, CEP 21715-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Saenen L, Verheyden G, Orban de Xivry JJ. The differential effect of age on upper limb sensory processing, proprioception, and motor function. J Neurophysiol 2023; 130:1183-1193. [PMID: 37703491 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00364.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory processing consists in the integration and interpretation of somatosensory information. It builds upon proprioception but is a distinct function requiring complex processing by the brain over time. Currently little is known about the effect of aging on sensory processing ability or the influence of other covariates such as motor function, proprioception, or cognition. In this study, we measured upper limb passive and active sensory processing, motor function, proprioception, and cognition in 40 healthy younger adults and 54 older adults. We analyzed age differences across all measures and evaluated the influence of covariates on sensory processing through regression. Our results showed larger effect sizes for age differences in sensory processing (r = 0.38) compared with motor function (r = 0.18-0.22) and proprioception (r = 0.10-0.27) but smaller than for cognition (r = 0.56-0.63). Aside from age, we found no evidence that sensory processing performance was related to motor function or proprioception, but active sensory processing was related to cognition (β = 0.30-0.42). In conclusion, sensory processing showed an age-related decline, whereas some proprioceptive and motor abilities were preserved across age.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Sensory processing consists in the integration and interpretation of sensory information by the brain over time and can be affected by lesion while proprioception remains intact. We investigated how sensory processing can be used to reproduce and identify shapes. We showed that the effect of age on sensory processing is more pronounced than its effect on proprioception or motor function. Age and cognition are related to sensory processing, not proprioception or motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen Saenen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Verheyden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean-Jacques Orban de Xivry
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Sandbrink KJ, Mamidanna P, Michaelis C, Bethge M, Mathis MW, Mathis A. Contrasting action and posture coding with hierarchical deep neural network models of proprioception. eLife 2023; 12:e81499. [PMID: 37254843 PMCID: PMC10361732 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological motor control is versatile, efficient, and depends on proprioceptive feedback. Muscles are flexible and undergo continuous changes, requiring distributed adaptive control mechanisms that continuously account for the body's state. The canonical role of proprioception is representing the body state. We hypothesize that the proprioceptive system could also be critical for high-level tasks such as action recognition. To test this theory, we pursued a task-driven modeling approach, which allowed us to isolate the study of proprioception. We generated a large synthetic dataset of human arm trajectories tracing characters of the Latin alphabet in 3D space, together with muscle activities obtained from a musculoskeletal model and model-based muscle spindle activity. Next, we compared two classes of tasks: trajectory decoding and action recognition, which allowed us to train hierarchical models to decode either the position and velocity of the end-effector of one's posture or the character (action) identity from the spindle firing patterns. We found that artificial neural networks could robustly solve both tasks, and the networks' units show tuning properties similar to neurons in the primate somatosensory cortex and the brainstem. Remarkably, we found uniformly distributed directional selective units only with the action-recognition-trained models and not the trajectory-decoding-trained models. This suggests that proprioceptive encoding is additionally associated with higher-level functions such as action recognition and therefore provides new, experimentally testable hypotheses of how proprioception aids in adaptive motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai J Sandbrink
- The Rowland Institute at Harvard, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
| | - Pranav Mamidanna
- Tübingen AI Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen & Institute for Theoretical PhysicsTübingenGermany
| | - Claudio Michaelis
- Tübingen AI Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen & Institute for Theoretical PhysicsTübingenGermany
| | - Matthias Bethge
- Tübingen AI Center, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen & Institute for Theoretical PhysicsTübingenGermany
| | - Mackenzie Weygandt Mathis
- The Rowland Institute at Harvard, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneGenèveSwitzerland
| | - Alexander Mathis
- The Rowland Institute at Harvard, Harvard UniversityCambridgeUnited States
- Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneGenèveSwitzerland
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Swing-phase pelvis perturbation improves dynamic lateral balance during walking in individuals with spinal cord injury. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:145-160. [PMID: 36400862 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06507-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the control of lateral balance can be improved by applying repeated lateral perturbation force to the pelvis during swing versus stance phase walking in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Fourteen individuals with incomplete SCI were recruited in this study. Each participant visited the lab once and was tested in two experimental sessions that consisted of (1) treadmill walking with bilateral perturbation force applied to the pelvis in the lateral direction during either swing or stance phase of each leg and (2) overground walking pre- and post-treadmill walking. Applying the swing-phase perturbation during walking induced a greater increase in the muscle activation of hip abductors and ankle plantar flexors and a greater improvement in lateral balance control after the removal of perturbation force, in comparison to the results of the stance-phase perturbation condition (P ≤ 0.03). Participants also exhibited a greater reduction in overground step width and a greater improvement in overground walking speed after a session of treadmill walking practice with the swing-phase perturbation, compared with the result of the stance-phase perturbation (P = 0.01). These findings suggest that applying perturbation force to the pelvis during the swing phase of gait while walking may enhance muscle activities of hip abductors and improve lateral balance control in individuals with SCI. A walking practice with the swing-phase pelvis perturbation can be used as a rehabilitation approach to improve the control of lateral balance during walking in people with SCI.
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Bilek F, Bahcecioglu-Turan G, Ozer Z. The effect of self-acupressure on quality of life, physical and cognitive function in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients: A randomized controlled study. Explore (NY) 2023; 19:84-90. [PMID: 35351367 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of self-acupressure on quality of life, physical and cognitive functions in individuals with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS). METHODS In our randomized controlled study; participants in the study group were asked to perform self-acupressure on 6 points. They were asked to perform a total of 16 sessions, 2 days a week, for an average of 27 min each session in the morning and evening. No intervention was made in the control group during the study. Data were collected using Descriptive Information Form, Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite Test (MSFC), and Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life 54 Scale (MSQL-54). RESULTS Thirty-one individuals with RRMS in each group, 25 women in the study group and 21 women in the control group, were included in the study. After the self-acupressure application, a positive and significant difference was detected in all MSFC sub-parameters (9-Hole Peg Test, Timed 25-foot Walk Test, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test) values of the study group compared to the control group. In addition, after self-acupressure application, the study group was found to have statistically significantly higher scores in both the combined physical health and composite mental health sub-parameters of MSQOL-54 compared to the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION We found that self-acupressure was effective in improving physical function, cognitive function and quality of life in RRMS patients. Additionally, self-acupressure is a feasible, accessible and inexpensive method in the disease management of multiple sclerosis, which needs to be treated or supported continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Bilek
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey.
| | | | - Zulfunaz Ozer
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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Knee proprioceptive function and physical performance of patients with patellofemoral pain: A matched case-control study. Knee 2021; 33:49-57. [PMID: 34543992 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2021.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with patellofemoral pain (PFP) present pain, functional limitation, and alteration in knee proprioception. PURPOSE To compare the knee joint position sense and lower extremity functionality between patients with PFP and controls. Secondarily, investigate the relationship between proprioceptive acuity and physical performance. METHODS This is a matched case-control study including 48 patients with PFP and 48 healthy individuals matched by age, sex, weight, height, and limb dominance. The proprioceptive evaluation was performed using the joint position sense test (absolute error and relative error) and functionality was assessed using the Single-Leg Triple-Hop test and the Y-Balance Test. The groups were compared using the independent student's T-test. Proprioceptive acuity and physical performance correlations were determined by Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS Participants were on average 31 years old and 62.5% were men. There was no statistically difference for absolute and relative angular error between groups. Patients presented lower relative reached distance on the anterior direction of the Y-Balance Test than controls [patients=58.6 (6.6) % versus controls=61.7 (5.9) %, p=.020]. No differences between groups were found for other functional measures. Significant correlation was found between absolute angular error and anterior component at 60° (r=0.225, p=.028) and relative angular error at 60° with the posterolateral component of the Y- Balance Test (r=0.231, p=.024). CONCLUSION Proprioceptive acuity of patients with PFP was not reduced. The anterior direction of the Y-Balance Test was impaired compared to matched controls. Proprioceptive sense is related to dynamic balance but not to jump ability.
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Park SH, Hsu CJ, Dee W, Roth EJ, Rymer WZ, Wu M. Enhanced error facilitates motor learning in weight shift and increases use of the paretic leg during walking at chronic stage after stroke. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:3327-3341. [PMID: 34477919 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the application of lateral pelvis pulling force toward the non-paretic side during the stance phase of the paretic leg would enhance forced use of the paretic leg and increase weight shift toward the paretic side in stroke survivors. Eleven chronic stroke survivors participated in two experimental sessions, which consisted of (1) treadmill walking with the application of "pelvis resistance" or "pelvis assistance" and (2) overground walking. During the treadmill walking, the laterally pulling force was applied during the stance phase of the paretic leg toward the non-paretic side for the "pelvis resistance" condition or toward the paretic side for the "pelvis assistance" condition during the stance phase of the paretic leg. After force release, the "pelvis resistance" condition exhibited greater enhancement in muscle activation of hip ABD, ADD, and SOL and greater improvement in lateral weight shift toward the paretic side, compared with the effect of the "pelvis assistance" condition (P < 0.03). This improved lateral weight shift was associated with the enhanced muscle activation of hip ABD and ADD (R2 = 0.67, P = 0.01). The pelvis resistance condition also improved overground walking speed and stance phase symmetry when measured 10 min after the treadmill walking (P = 0.004). In conclusion, applying pelvis resistance forces to increase error signals may facilitate motor learning of weight shift toward the paretic side and enhance use of the paretic leg in chronic stroke survivors. Results from this study may be utilized to develop an intervention approach to improve walking in stroke survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoung Hoon Park
- Legs and Walking Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 355 E. Erie Street, 23rd floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chao-Jung Hsu
- Legs and Walking Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 355 E. Erie Street, 23rd floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Weena Dee
- Legs and Walking Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 355 E. Erie Street, 23rd floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Elliot J Roth
- Legs and Walking Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 355 E. Erie Street, 23rd floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William Z Rymer
- Legs and Walking Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 355 E. Erie Street, 23rd floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ming Wu
- Legs and Walking Lab, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, 355 E. Erie Street, 23rd floor, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Kuczynski AM, Kirton A, Semrau JA, Dukelow SP. Relative independence of upper limb position sense and reaching in children with hemiparetic perinatal stroke. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2021; 18:80. [PMID: 33980254 PMCID: PMC8117512 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-021-00869-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies using clinical measures have suggested that proprioceptive dysfunction is related to motor impairment of the upper extremity following adult stroke. We used robotic technology and clinical measures to assess the relationship between position sense and reaching with the hemiparetic upper limb in children with perinatal stroke. METHODS Prospective term-born children with magnetic resonance imaging-confirmed perinatal ischemic stroke and upper extremity deficits were recruited from a population-based cohort. Neurotypical controls were recruited from the community. Participants completed two tasks in the Kinarm robot: arm position-matching (three parameters: variability [Varxy], contraction/expansion [Areaxy], systematic spatial shift [Shiftxy]) and visually guided reaching (five parameters: posture speed [PS], reaction time [RT], initial direction error [IDE], speed maxima count [SMC], movement time [MT]). Additional clinical assessments of sensory (thumb localization test) and motor impairment (Assisting Hand Assessment, Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment) were completed and compared to robotic measures. RESULTS Forty-eight children with stroke (26 arterial, 22 venous, mean age: 12.0 ± 4.0 years) and 145 controls (mean age: 12.8 ± 3.9 years) completed both tasks. Position-matching performance in children with stroke did not correlate with performance on the visually guided reaching task. Robotic sensory and motor measures correlated with only some clinical tests. For example, AHA scores correlated with reaction time (R = - 0.61, p < 0.001), initial direction error (R = - 0.64, p < 0.001), and movement time (R = - 0.62, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Robotic technology can quantify complex, discrete aspects of upper limb sensory and motor function in hemiparetic children. Robot-measured deficits in position sense and reaching with the contralesional limb appear to be relatively independent of each other and correlations for both with clinical measures are modest. Knowledge of the relationship between sensory and motor impairment may inform future rehabilitation strategies and improve outcomes for children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Kuczynski
- University of Calgary, 1403 29th St. NW, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, T2N 0P8, Canada. .,Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Adam Kirton
- University of Calgary, 1403 29th St. NW, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, T2N 0P8, Canada.,Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Semrau
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Sean P Dukelow
- University of Calgary, 1403 29th St. NW, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, T2N 0P8, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Marschin V, Herbert C. Yoga, Dance, Team Sports, or Individual Sports: Does the Type of Exercise Matter? An Online Study Investigating the Relationships Between Different Types of Exercise, Body Image, and Well-Being in Regular Exercise Practitioners. Front Psychol 2021; 12:621272. [PMID: 33841251 PMCID: PMC8024543 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity, specifically exercising, has been suggested to improve body image, mental health, and well-being. With respect to body image, previous findings highlight a general benefit of exercise. This study investigates whether the relationship between exercising and body image varies with the type of exercise that individuals preferentially and regularly engage in. In addition, physical efficacy was explored as a potential psychological mediator between type of exercise and body image. Using a cross-sectional design, healthy regular exercise practitioners of yoga, ballroom dance, team sports, or individual sports as well as healthy adults reporting no regular exercising were surveyed. Body image and its different facets were assessed by a set of standardized self-report questionnaires, covering perceptual, cognitive, and affective body image dimensions particularly related to negative body image. In addition, participants were questioned with regard to mental health. Participants were 270 healthy adults. Descriptive statistics, measures of variance (ANOVA), and multiple linear regression analysis with orthogonal contrasts were performed to investigate differences between the different exercise and non-exercise groups in the variables of interest. In line with the hypotheses and previous findings, the statistic comparisons revealed that body dissatisfaction (as one important factor of negative body image) was most pronounced in the non-exercise group compared to all exercise groups [contrast: no exercise versus exercise (all groups taken together)]. Physical efficacy, as assessed with a standardized questionnaire, mediated the difference between type of exercise (using contrasts) and body image including perceptual, cognitive, and affective body image dimensions. The findings shed light on so far less systematically investigated questions regarding the relationship between types of exercise, like yoga and ballroom dance, and body image. The results underscore the relevance of considering possible influencing factors in exercise research, such as the perception of one's physical efficacy as a mediator of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cornelia Herbert
- Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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11
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Galek KE, Bice EM. The Influence of Surface Electromyography Visual and Clinician Verbal Feedback on Swallow Effort Ratio at Different Bolus Volumes in a Healthy Population. Folia Phoniatr Logop 2020; 73:449-454. [PMID: 33279898 DOI: 10.1159/000511497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The effortful swallow is a common treatment intervention requiring increased intensity to facilitate adaptations and modify swallow kinematics. The type of feedback and bolus volume provided may influence the intensity of the effortful swallow. To determine the increased effortful swallow intensity, a clinician can collect the peak amplitude of an effortful swallow and a typical swallow and compute a "swallow effort ratio" (SER). Dividing the effortful swallow surface electromyography (sEMG) peak amplitude by the typical swallow sEMG peak amplitude derives the SER. A higher SER suggests increased intensity. An increase in the SER may have clinical relevance in swallowing therapy as a threshold of intensity is required to elicit neuroplastic change. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether sEMG visual and clinician verbal feedback increases the SER. Additionally, the investigation examined whether the SER is influenced by different liquid bolus volumes. METHODS Eighty-two nondysphagic, healthy adults were assigned at random to 2 groups. One group received no feedback, and the other received verbal and visual feedback while performing typical and effortful swallows at 3 liquid volumes. RESULTS An analysis of covariance compared the typical and effortful peak swallow amplitudes among 3 volumes in the 2 feedback groups. There was a significant effect on the peak amplitude values by feedback group F(2, 79) = 22.82, p < 0.001. There were no differences in peak amplitude by volume regardless of feedback F(2, 78) = 0.413, p = 0.663. CONCLUSION It appears that sEMG visual and clinician verbal feedback increases the SER, which may be a surrogate for intensity. An increased SER may have a positive effect on swallow intervention as intensity is known to influence outcomes of exercise and elicit neuroplastic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine E Galek
- Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA,
| | - Ed M Bice
- Clinical Education, IOPI Medical, Woodinville, Washington, USA
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Sabry A, Mahoney AS, Mao S, Khalifa Y, Sejdić E, Coyle JL. Automatic Estimation of Laryngeal Vestibule Closure Duration Using High- Resolution Cervical Auscultation Signals. PERSPECTIVES OF THE ASHA SPECIAL INTEREST GROUPS 2020; 5:1647-1656. [PMID: 35937555 PMCID: PMC9355454 DOI: 10.1044/2020_persp-20-00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Safe swallowing requires adequate protection of the airway to prevent swallowed materials from entering the trachea or lungs (i.e., aspiration). Laryngeal vestibule closure (LVC) is the first line of defense against swallowed materials entering the airway. Absent LVC or mistimed/ shortened closure duration can lead to aspiration, adverse medical consequences, and even death. LVC mechanisms can be judged commonly through the videofluoroscopic swallowing study; however, this type of instrumentation exposes patients to radiation and is not available or acceptable to all patients. There is growing interest in noninvasive methods to assess/monitor swallow physiology. In this study, we hypothesized that our noninvasive sensor- based system, which has been shown to accurately track hyoid displacement and upper esophageal sphincter opening duration during swallowing, could predict laryngeal vestibule status, including the onset of LVC and the onset of laryngeal vestibule reopening, in real time and estimate the closure duration with a comparable degree of accuracy as trained human raters. Method The sensor-based system used in this study is high-resolution cervical auscultation (HRCA). Advanced machine learning techniques enable HRCA signal analysis through feature extraction and complex algorithms. A deep learning model was developed with a data set of 588 swallows from 120 patients with suspected dysphagia and further tested on 45 swallows from 16 healthy participants. Results The new technique achieved an overall mean accuracy of 74.90% and 75.48% for the two data sets, respectively, in distinguishing LVC status. Closure duration ratios between automated and gold-standard human judgment of LVC duration were 1.13 for the patient data set and 0.93 for the healthy participant data set. Conclusions This study found that HRCA signal analysis using advanced machine learning techniques can effectively predict laryngeal vestibule status (closure or opening) and further estimate LVC duration. HRCA is potentially a noninvasive tool to estimate LVC duration for diagnostic and biofeedback purposes without X-ray imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaa Sabry
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda S. Mahoney
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Shitong Mao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Yassin Khalifa
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ervin Sejdić
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine Intelligent Systems Program, School of Computing and Information, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - James L. Coyle
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA
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Park SH, Lin JT, Dee W, Hsu CJ, Roth EJ, Rymer WZ, Wu M. Targeted Pelvic Constraint Force Induces Enhanced Use of the Paretic Leg During Walking in Persons Post-Stroke. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2020; 28:2184-2193. [PMID: 32816677 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2020.3018397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether activation of muscles in the paretic leg, particularly contributing to propulsion, and gait symmetry can be improved by applying a targeted resistance force to the pelvis in the backward direction during stance phase while walking in individuals post-stroke. Thirteen individuals post-stroke participated in two experimental sessions, which consisted of treadmill walking, with either targeted or constant resistances, together with overground walking. For the targeted condition, a resistance force was applied to the pelvis during the stance phase of the paretic leg. For the constant condition, the resistance force was applied throughout the whole gait cycle. Participants showed greater increase in medial hamstring muscle activity in the paretic leg and improved step length symmetry after the removal of targeted resistance force, compared to effects of a constant resistance force (P < 0.03). In addition, treadmill walking with the targeted resistance induced more symmetrical step length during overground walking 10 min after the treadmill walking, compared to the result of the constant resistance force (P = 0.01). Applying a targeted resistance force to the pelvis during the stance phase of the paretic leg may induce an enhanced use of the paretic leg and an improvement in gait symmetry in individuals post-stroke. These results provide evidence showing that applying a targeted resistance to the pelvis may induce a forced use of the paretic leg during walking.
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14
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Vaugoyeau M, Cignetti F, Eusebio A, Azulay JP. Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation Modulates Proprioceptive Integration in Parkinson's Disease During a Postural Task. Neuroscience 2020; 437:207-214. [PMID: 32339627 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Defective proprioceptive integration may play a role in the pathophysiology of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Dysfunction related to proprioceptively-evoked postural reactions in PD patients is still a controversial issue, with only a limited number of studies to date and mostly discordant results. The aims of the present study were (1) to determine whether or not the proprioceptive defect in PD underlies postural impairment and (2) whether or not deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) affects proprioceptive integration. We examined proprioceptive integration during a postural task in 13 PD patients and 12 age-matched control subjects, using a muscle-tendon vibration paradigm. Analysis of the center of pressure displacement and kinematic data indicates a greater degree of postural destabilization and a reduced ability to maintain a vertical orientation in PD. We found a significant positive effect of STN-DBS on these postural features. Our findings indicate that Parkinson patients, even in the absence of any clinical evidence of instability, falls, or freezing, use proprioceptive information for postural control less efficiently than healthy subjects. Furthermore, STN-DBS was found to improve proprioceptive integration, with positive impacts on postural orientation and balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vaugoyeau
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, LNC UMR 7291, Marseille, France; CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Fédération 3C FR 3512, Marseille, France.
| | - F Cignetti
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - A Eusebio
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, UMR 7289, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, 13385, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CHU Timone, Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, Marseille, France
| | - J P Azulay
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, LNC UMR 7291, Marseille, France; CNRS, Aix Marseille Univ, Fédération 3C FR 3512, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CHU Timone, Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, Marseille, France
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15
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Arantes LDPO, Trombini RDM, Tobias YDS, Rocha TC. Comparison of the effects of standard and intermittent cryoimmersion on stability, pain threshold and tolerance in the ankle region in healthy individuals. FISIOTERAPIA EM MOVIMENTO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-5918.032.ao64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Cryotherapy is a technique that involves the application of low temperatures in the treatment of acute injuries, with ice being the simplest and oldest therapeutic modality for this. Objective: To compare two different cold water immersion protocols (standard and intermittent) on the ankle region of healthy volunteers, we analyzed changes in static postural stability, threshold, and pain tolerance immediately after application. Method: This is a quasi-experimental study, controlled clinical trial, and non-probabilistic sampling. The total sample consisted of 40 male patients aged 18 to 30 years. Two different cold water immersion protocols (standard and intermittent) were compared for their effects on pain threshold, tolerance, and static postural stability. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups with regards to the stabilometric variables after the application of both protocols (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference in the threshold and tolerance of the two groups after the application of cold water immersion (p < 0.05); however, there were no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Both cold water immersion protocols proved to be safe for static postural balance, without showing deficits in stabilometric variables. Regarding the analgesic effect, both were effective and significantly increased the threshold and tolerance of ankle pain after cryoimmersion, without any differences between groups. Thus, intermittent 10-minute cold water immersion is sufficient to generate the same analgesic effect as the standard 20-minute pattern, with no change in static postural stability.
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16
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Négyesi J, Galamb K, Szilágyi B, Nagatomi R, Hortobágyi T, Tihanyi J. Age-specific modifications in healthy adults' knee joint position sense. Somatosens Mot Res 2019; 36:262-269. [PMID: 31691599 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2019.1684888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Right-handed young adults perform target-matching tasks more accurately with the non-dominant (ND) compared to the dominant (D) limb, but it is unclear if age affects this disparity. We determined if age affects target-matching asymmetry in right-side dominant healthy adults. Method: Young (n = 12, age: 23.6 y, 6 females) and older (n = 12; age: 75.1 y, 7 females) adults performed a passive joint position-matching task with the D and ND leg in a randomized order. Result: Age affected absolute, constant, and variable knee JPS errors but, contrary to expectations, it did not affect target-matching asymmetries between the D and ND knees. However, older participants tended to underestimate while young subjects overestimated the target angles. Moreover, older as compared to young subjects performed the target-matching task with higher variability. Conclusion: Altogether, age seems to affect passive knee target-matching behaviour in right-side dominant healthy adults. The present data indicate that healthy aging produces age-specific modifications in passive joint position sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Négyesi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kata Galamb
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Borbála Szilágyi
- Department of Biomechanics, Kinesiology and Informatics, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - József Tihanyi
- Department of Biomechanics, Kinesiology and Informatics, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
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Marini F, Zenzeri J, Pippo V, Morasso P, Campus C. Neural correlates of proprioceptive upper limb position matching. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:4813-4826. [PMID: 31348604 PMCID: PMC6865654 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Proprioceptive information allows humans to perform smooth coordinated movements by constantly updating one's mind with knowledge of the position of one's limbs in space. How this information is combined with other sensory modalities and centrally processed to form conscious perceptions of limb position remains relatively unknown. What has proven even more elusive is pinpointing the contribution of proprioception in cortical activity related to motion. This study addresses these gaps by examining electrocortical dynamics while participants performed an upper limb position matching task in two conditions, namely with proprioceptive feedback or with both visual and proprioceptive feedback. Specifically, we evaluated the reduction of the electroencephalographic power (desynchronization) in the μ frequency band (8-12 Hz), which is known to characterize the neural activation associated with motor control and behavior. We observed a stronger desynchronization in the left motor and somatosensory areas, contralateral to the moving limb while, parietal and occipital regions, identifying association and visual areas, respectively, exhibited a similar activation level in the two hemispheres. Pertaining to the influence of the two experimental conditions it affected only movement's offset, and precisely we found that when matching movements are performed relying only on proprioceptive information, a lower cortical activity is entailed. This effect was strongest in the visual and association areas, while there was a minor effect in the hand motor and somatosensory areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marini
- Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive SciencesIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly
| | - Jacopo Zenzeri
- Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive SciencesIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly
| | - Valentina Pippo
- Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive SciencesIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly
| | - Pietro Morasso
- Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive SciencesIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly
| | - Claudio Campus
- U‐VIP Unit for Visually Impaired PeopleIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly
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Yahya A, Kluding P, Pasnoor M, Wick J, Liu W, Dos Santos M. The impact of diabetic peripheral neuropathy on pinch proprioception. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:3165-3174. [PMID: 31586215 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the impact of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) on pinch proprioception and to establish the correlations with sensory impairments. We collected data from a total of 36 participants (healthy, n = 12; T2D without DPN, n = 11; and T2D + DPN, n = 13), all matched for age, 60 ± 6 years. Pinch proprioception was determined through 3 trials of attempts to actively reproduce 15° of pinch position without visual feedback. Target accuracy and precision was compared between groups using Kruskal-Wallis test. Sensation was tested through the two-point discrimination and Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments applied on the fingers. Sensory measures were correlated with pinch proprioception measures via Spearman's rank test. The T2D + DPN group showed significant decrements in accuracy and precision as compared to the T2D-only (p = 0.003 and p = 0.006, respectively) and the healthy groups (both p = 0.002); no significant differences were found between T2D-only and healthy. Spearman's rank showed moderate (r = 0.45-0.66, p < 0.001) correlations between pinch proprioception and sensory measures. Our results showed pinch proprioception disruption in people with T2D + DPN, but not in people with T2D-only. The awareness of pinch proprioceptive deficits is paramount for the safety of individuals with T2D and DPN. Moderate correlations between sensory impairments and pinch proprioceptive deficits suggest that not only superficial/discriminative sensation is implicated in proprioceptive decrements. Other mechanisms such as damage to muscle spindles or central nervous system associated with T2D + DPN warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalghani Yahya
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail stop 2002, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - Patricia Kluding
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail stop 2002, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mamatha Pasnoor
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jo Wick
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail stop 2002, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Marcio Dos Santos
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Mail stop 2002, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
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Ünlüer NÖ, Ozkan T, Yaşa ME, Ateş Y, Anlar Ö. An investigation of upper extremity function in patients with multiple sclerosis, and its relation with shoulder position sense and disability level. Somatosens Mot Res 2019; 36:189-194. [PMID: 31393220 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2019.1644998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The purposes of this study were to investigate upper extremity function and shoulder position sense in patients with multiple sclerosis and its relation with disability level. Materials and methods: In this study, 20 multiple sclerosis and 20 healthy subjects participated. The disability level was determined by the Expanded Disability Status Scale. Mental state was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination. Upper extremity function was measured with the 9-Hole Peg Test and shoulder position sense was evaluated with a Dualer IQTM digital inclinometer. The study protocol was also registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03846336). Results: Upper extremity function scores were lower and shoulder position sense error scores were greater in patients with multiple sclerosis in comparison to healthy controls (p < .05). While disability level was associated with dominant and non-dominant upper extremity function, no relationship was found between the disability level and shoulder position sense (p < .05). Only the dominant side shoulder position senses at 30° and 60° abduction were found to be associated with upper extremity function (p < .05). Conclusions: These results indicate that shoulder position sense and upper extremity function were affected in patients with multiple sclerosis with mild to moderate disability. Upper extremity functions were associated with shoulder abduction joint sense in patients with multiple sclerosis. In the assessment of upper extremity functions, joint position sense should be taken into account even at early stages of multiple sclerosis, so it may provide guidance in planning rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezehat Özgül Ünlüer
- Faculty of Health Science, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Taskin Ozkan
- Faculty of Health Science, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ertuğrul Yaşa
- Faculty of Health Science, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Yasemin Ateş
- Faculty of Health Science, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ömer Anlar
- Faculty of Health Science, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
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Sensorimotor Robotic Measures of tDCS- and HD-tDCS-Enhanced Motor Learning in Children. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:5317405. [PMID: 30662456 PMCID: PMC6312578 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5317405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) enhances motor learning in adults. We have demonstrated that anodal tDCS and high-definition (HD) tDCS of the motor cortex can enhance motor skill acquisition in children, but behavioral mechanisms remain unknown. Robotics can objectively quantify complex sensorimotor functions to better understand mechanisms of motor learning. We aimed to characterize changes in sensorimotor function induced by tDCS and HD-tDCS paired motor learning in children within an interventional trial. Healthy, right-handed children (12–18 y) were randomized to anodal tDCS, HD-tDCS, or sham targeting the right primary motor cortex during left-hand Purdue pegboard test (PPT) training over five consecutive days. A KINARM robotic protocol quantifying proprioception, kinesthesia, visually guided reaching, and an object hit task was completed at baseline, posttraining, and six weeks later. Effects of the treatment group and training on changes in sensorimotor parameters were explored. Twenty-four children (median 15.5 years, 52% female) completed all measures. Compared to sham, both tDCS and HD-tDCS demonstrated enhanced motor learning with medium effect sizes. At baseline, multiple KINARM measures correlated with PPT performance. Following training, visually guided reaching in all groups was faster and required less corrective movements in the trained arm (H(2) = 9.250, p = 0.010). Aspects of kinesthesia including initial direction error improved across groups with sustained effects at follow-up (H(2) = 9.000, p = 0.011). No changes with training or stimulation were observed for position sense. For the object hit task, the HD-tDCS group moved more quickly with the right hand compared to sham at posttraining (χ2(2) = 6.255, p = 0.044). Robotics can quantify complex sensorimotor function within neuromodulator motor learning trials in children. Correlations with PPT performance suggest that KINARM metrics can assess motor learning effects. Understanding how tDCS and HD-tDCS enhance motor learning may be improved with robotic outcomes though specific mechanisms remain to be defined. Exploring mechanisms of neuromodulation may advance therapeutic approaches in children with cerebral palsy and other disabilities.
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21
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Fossataro C, Bruno V, Gindri P, Garbarini F. Defending the Body Without Sensing the Body Position: Physiological Evidence in a Brain-Damaged Patient With a Proprioceptive Deficit. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2458. [PMID: 30564182 PMCID: PMC6288365 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to know where our body parts are located in space (proprioception) is fundamental for both successfully interacting with the external world and monitoring potential threats. In this case-control study, we investigated whether the absence of proprioceptive signals may affect physiological defensive responses. To this aim, a right brain-damaged patient with a left upper-limb proprioceptive deficit (P+ patient) and age-matched healthy controls, underwent the recording of the Hand-Blink Reflex (HBR). This defensive response, elicited by electrical stimulation of the median nerve and recorded from the orbicularis oculi, is modulated by the hand position: it is enhanced when the threatened hand is near to the face, inside the defensive peripersonal-space (DPPS). According to the classical neuropsychological perspective, we used P+ patient as a model to investigate the role of proprioception in HBR modulation, by manipulating the congruity/incongruity between the intended and actual positions of the stimulated hand. P+ patient, with his eyes closed, had to voluntarily place his left hand either far from or near to his face and to relieve the arm's weight over a supporting device. Then, in congruent conditions, the hand was stimulated in the actual (intended) position. In incongruent conditions, the patient's hand was moved by the examiner from the intended to the opposite (not-intended) position and then stimulated. We observed an inverse response pattern between congruent and incongruent conditions. In congruent conditions, P+ patient showed an HBR enhancement in near compared to far position, comparable to that found in healthy controls. This suggests that, even in absence of proprioceptive and visual information, the HBR modulation was still present. Conversely, in incongruent conditions, P+ patient showed a greater HBR magnitude for far position (when the hand was actually far, but the patient intended it to be near) than for near position (when the hand was actually near, but the patient intended it to be far). This result suggests that proprioceptive signals are not necessary for HBR modulation to occur. It relies more on the intended than on the actual position of the hand. The role of motor intention and planning in shaping the DPPS is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Fossataro
- MANIBUS Laboratory, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Bruno
- MANIBUS Laboratory, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gindri
- MANIBUS Laboratory, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- San Camillo Hospital of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Garbarini
- MANIBUS Laboratory, Psychology Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- San Camillo Hospital of Turin, Turin, Italy
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22
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Galamb K, Szilágyi B, Magyar OM, Hortobágyi T, Nagatomi R, Váczi M, Négyesi J. Effects of side-dominance on knee joint proprioceptive target-matching asymmetries. Physiol Int 2018; 105:257-265. [PMID: 30269560 DOI: 10.1556/2060.105.2018.3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Right- and left-side-dominant individuals reveal target-matching asymmetries between joints of the dominant and non-dominant upper limbs. However, it is unclear if such asymmetries are also present in lower limb's joints. We hypothesized that right-side-dominant participants perform knee joint target-matching tasks more accurately with their non-dominant leg compared to left-side-dominant participants. METHODS Participants performed position sense tasks using each leg by moving each limb separately and passively on an isokinetic dynamometer. RESULTS Side-dominance affected (p < 0.05) knee joint absolute position errors only in the non-dominant leg but not in the dominant leg: right-side-dominant participants produced less absolute position errors (2.82° ± 0.72°) with the non-dominant leg compared to left-side-dominant young participants (3.54° ± 0.33°). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, right-side-dominant participants tend to perform a target-matching task more accurately with the non-dominant leg compared to left-side-dominant participants. Our results extend the literature by showing that right-hemisphere specialization under proprioceptive target-matching tasks may be not evident at the lower limb joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Galamb
- 1 Pain Clinic , Budapest, Hungary.,2 Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome , Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - T Hortobágyi
- 3 Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R Nagatomi
- 4 Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan.,5 Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering , Sendai, Japan
| | - M Váczi
- 6 Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs , Pécs, Hungary
| | - J Négyesi
- 1 Pain Clinic , Budapest, Hungary.,4 Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai, Japan
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Négyesi J, Mobark A, Zhang LY, Hortobagyi T, Nagatomi R. An above-knee compression garment does not improve passive knee joint position sense in healthy adults. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203288. [PMID: 30180187 PMCID: PMC6122810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the effects of wearing an above-knee compression garment (CG) on knee joint position sense. Healthy young adults (n = 24, age = 27.46 ± 4.65 years) performed a passive knee position-matching task on an isokinetic dynamometer with each leg separately. We determined the magnitude of compression by measuring anatomical thigh cross sectional area (CSA) in standing using magnetic resonance imaging. Wearing the CG compressed CSA by 2% (t = 2.91, p = 0.010, Cohen’s d = 0.68). Repeated measures ANOVA (rANOVA) with three repetition factors (condition: CG, no CG; leg: right dominant, left non-dominant; and target angles: 30°, 45°, 60°) revealed an effect of angles (p < 0.001), where the matching of knee joint position was more accurate at 60° compared to 30° and 45° (p < 0.001). However, CG did not reduce passive joint position sense errors. In fact, joint position error was less without CG (p = 0.014). In conclusion, while CG does compress the thigh it does not afford the purported benefits for proprioception as measured by a target-matching task in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Négyesi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Ali Mobark
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Sports Health Science, Faculty of Physical Education, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Li Yin Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tibor Hortobagyi
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health & Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan
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24
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Marini F, Ferrantino M, Zenzeri J. Proprioceptive identification of joint position versus kinaesthetic movement reproduction. Hum Mov Sci 2018; 62:1-13. [PMID: 30172030 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Regarding our voluntary control of movement, if identification of joint position, that is independent of the starting condition, is stronger than kinaesthetic movement reproduction, that implies knowledge of the starting position and movement's length for accuracy, is still a matter of debate in motor control theories and neuroscience. In the present study, we examined the mechanisms that individuals seem to prefer/adopt when they locate spatial positions and code the amplitude of movements. We implemented a joint position matching task on a wrist robotic device: this task consists in replicating (i.e. matching) a reference joint angle in the absence of vision and the proprioceptive acuity is given by the goodness of such matching. Two experiments were carried out by implementing two different versions of the task and performed by two groups of 15 healthy participants. In the first experiment, blindfolded subjects were asked to perform matching movements towards a fixed target position, experienced with passive movements that started from different positions and had different lengths. In the second experiment, blindfolded subjects were requested to accurately match target positions that had a different location in space but were passively shown through movements of the same length. We found a clear evidence for higher performances in terms of accuracy (0.42±0.011/°) and precision (0.43±0.011/°) in the first experiment, therefore in case of matching positions, rather than in the second where accuracy and precision were lower (0.36±0.011/° and 0.35±0.011/° respectively). These results suggested a preference for proprioceptive identification of joint position rather than kinaesthetic movement reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marini
- Motor Learning, Assistive and Rehabilitation Robotics Laboratory, Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
| | - Martina Ferrantino
- Motor Learning, Assistive and Rehabilitation Robotics Laboratory, Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Jacopo Zenzeri
- Motor Learning, Assistive and Rehabilitation Robotics Laboratory, Department of Robotics, Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
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25
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26
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Yahya A, von Behren T, Levine S, Dos Santos M. Pinch aperture proprioception: reliability and feasibility study. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:734-740. [PMID: 29765192 PMCID: PMC5940484 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To establish the reliability and feasibility of a novel pinch aperture device to measure proprioceptive joint position sense. [Subjects and Methods] Reliability of the pinch aperture device was assessed in 21 healthy subjects. Following familiarization with a 15° target position of the index finger and thumb, subjects performed 5 trials in which they attempted to actively reproduce the target position without visual feedback. This procedure was repeated at a testing session on a separate date, and the between-session intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated. In addition, extensor tendon vibration was applied to 19 healthy subjects, and paired t-tests were conducted to compare performance under vibration and no-vibration conditions. Pinch aperture proprioception was also assessed in two individuals with known diabetic neuropathy. [Results] The pinch aperture device demonstrated excellent reliability in healthy subjects (ICC 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.70-0.95). Tendon vibration disrupted pinch aperture proprioception, causing subjects to undershoot the target position (18.1 ± 2.6° vs. 14.8° ± 0.76, p<0.001). This tendency to undershoot the target position was also noted in individuals with diabetic neuropathy. [Conclusion] This study describes a reliable, feasible, and functional means of measuring finger proprioception. Further research should investigate the assessment and implications of pinch aperture proprioception in neurological and orthopedic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalghani Yahya
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center: Mail stop 2002, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Timothy von Behren
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center: Mail stop 2002, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Shira Levine
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center: Mail stop 2002, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Marcio Dos Santos
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center: Mail stop 2002, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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27
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Barss TS, Pearcey GEP, Munro B, Bishop JL, Zehr EP. Effects of a compression garment on sensory feedback transmission in the human upper limb. J Neurophysiol 2018; 120:186-195. [PMID: 29641310 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00581.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Compression apparel is popular in both medical and sport performance settings. Perceived benefits are suggested to include changes in sensory feedback transmission caused by activation of mechanoreceptors. However, little is known about effects of compression apparel on sensorimotor control. Our purpose was to mechanistically examine whether compression apparel modulates sensory feedback transmission and reaching accuracy in the upper limb. Two experiments were completed under CONTROL and COMPRESSION (sleeve applied across the elbow joint) conditions. M-waves and H-reflexes were elicited by stimulating the median nerve and were recorded via surface electromyography (EMG). In experiment 1, H-reflexes and M-H recruitment curves were assessed at REST, during wrist flexion (10% EMGmax), and during a cutaneous conditioning of the superficial radial (SR) or distal median (MED) nerve. Cutaneous reflexes were elicited during 10% wrist flexion via stimulation of SR or MED. In experiment 2, unconditioned H-reflex measures were assessed at rest, during arm cycling, and during a discrete reaching task. Results indicate that compression apparel modulates spinal cord excitability across multiple sensory pathways and movement tasks. Interestingly, there was a significant improvement in reaching accuracy while wearing the compression sleeve. Taken together, the compression sleeve appears to increase precision and sensitivity around the joint where the sleeve is applied. Compression apparel may function as a "filter" of irrelevant mechanoreceptor information allowing for optimal task-related sensory information to enhance proprioception. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Wearing a customized compression sleeve was shown to alter the excitability of multiple pathways within the central nervous system regardless of conditioning input or movement task and was accompanied by improved accuracy of reaching movements and determination of movement end point. Compression apparel may assist as a type of "filter function" of tonic and nonspecific mechanoreceptor information leading to increased precision and movement sensitivity around the joint where compression is applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor S Barss
- Rehabilitation Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Victoria , Victoria, British Columbia , Canada.,Human Discovery Science, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada.,Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria , Victoria, British Columbia , Canada
| | - Gregory E P Pearcey
- Rehabilitation Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Victoria , Victoria, British Columbia , Canada.,Human Discovery Science, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada.,Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria , Victoria, British Columbia , Canada
| | - Bridget Munro
- Nike Sport Research Lab, Nike Exploration Team, NIKE Inc. , Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Jennifer L Bishop
- Nike Sport Research Lab, Nike Exploration Team, NIKE Inc. , Beaverton, Oregon
| | - E Paul Zehr
- Rehabilitation Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Victoria , Victoria, British Columbia , Canada.,Human Discovery Science, International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD) , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada.,Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria , Victoria, British Columbia , Canada.,Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria , Victoria, British Columbia , Canada
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28
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Contu S, Hussain A, Kager S, Budhota A, Deshmukh VA, Kuah CWK, Yam LHL, Xiang L, Chua KSG, Masia L, Campolo D. Proprioceptive assessment in clinical settings: Evaluation of joint position sense in upper limb post-stroke using a robotic manipulator. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183257. [PMID: 29161264 PMCID: PMC5697829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proprioception is a critical component for motor functions and directly affects motor learning after neurological injuries. Conventional methods for its assessment are generally ordinal in nature and hence lack sensitivity. Robotic devices designed to promote sensorimotor learning can potentially provide quantitative precise, accurate, and reliable assessments of sensory impairments. In this paper, we investigate the clinical applicability and validity of using a planar 2 degrees of freedom robot to quantitatively assess proprioceptive deficits in post-stroke participants. Nine stroke survivors and nine healthy subjects participated in the study. Participants’ hand was passively moved to the target position guided by the H-Man robot (Criterion movement) and were asked to indicate during a second passive movement towards the same target (Matching movement) when they felt that they matched the target position. The assessment was carried out on a planar surface for movements in the forward and oblique directions in the contralateral and ipsilateral sides of the tested arm. The matching performance was evaluated in terms of error magnitude (absolute and signed) and its variability. Stroke patients showed higher variability in the estimation of the target position compared to the healthy participants. Further, an effect of target was found, with lower absolute errors in the contralateral side. Pairwise comparison between individual stroke participant and control participants showed significant proprioceptive deficits in two patients. The proposed assessment of passive joint position sense was inherently simple and all participants, regardless of motor impairment level, could complete it in less than 10 minutes. Therefore, the method can potentially be carried out to detect changes in proprioceptive deficits in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Contu
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Asif Hussain
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simone Kager
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aamani Budhota
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vishwanath A. Deshmukh
- Centre for Advanced Rehabilitation Therapeutics, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher W. K. Kuah
- Centre for Advanced Rehabilitation Therapeutics, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lester H. L. Yam
- Centre for Advanced Rehabilitation Therapeutics, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liming Xiang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karen S. G. Chua
- Centre for Advanced Rehabilitation Therapeutics, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lorenzo Masia
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Domenico Campolo
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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29
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Kuczynski AM, Semrau JA, Kirton A, Dukelow SP. Kinesthetic deficits after perinatal stroke: robotic measurement in hemiparetic children. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2017; 14:13. [PMID: 28202036 PMCID: PMC5310084 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-017-0221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While sensory dysfunction is common in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy (CP) secondary to perinatal stroke, it is an understudied contributor to disability with limited objective measurement tools. Robotic technology offers the potential to objectively measure complex sensorimotor function but has been understudied in perinatal stroke. The present study aimed to quantify kinesthetic deficits in hemiparetic children with perinatal stroke and determine their association with clinical function. Methods Case–control study. Participants were 6–19 years of age. Stroke participants had MRI confirmed unilateral perinatal arterial ischemic stroke or periventricular venous infarction, and symptomatic hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Participants completed a robotic assessment of upper extremity kinesthesia using a robotic exoskeleton (KINARM). Four kinesthetic parameters (response latency, initial direction error, peak speed ratio, and path length ratio) and their variabilities were measured with and without vision. Robotic outcomes were compared across stroke groups and controls and to clinical measures of sensorimotor function. Results Forty-three stroke participants (23 arterial, 20 venous, median age 12 years, 42% female) were compared to 106 healthy controls. Stroke cases displayed significantly impaired kinesthesia that remained when vision was restored. Kinesthesia was more impaired in arterial versus venous lesions and correlated with clinical measures. Conclusions Robotic assessment of kinesthesia is feasible in children with perinatal stroke. Kinesthetic impairment is common and associated with stroke type. Failure to correct with vision suggests sensory network dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Kuczynski
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Semrau
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Adam Kirton
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Section of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sean P Dukelow
- University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, 1403 - 29th St. NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada.
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30
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Tong TK, McConnell AK, Lin H, Nie J, Zhang H, Wang J. "Functional" Inspiratory and Core Muscle Training Enhances Running Performance and Economy. J Strength Cond Res 2016; 30:2942-51. [PMID: 25162653 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tong, TK, McConnell, AK, Lin, H, Nie, J, Zhang, H, and Wang, J. "Functional" inspiratory and core muscle training enhances running performance and economy. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2942-2951, 2016-We compared the effects of two 6-week high-intensity interval training interventions. Under the control condition (CON), only interval training was undertaken, whereas under the intervention condition (ICT), interval training sessions were followed immediately by core training, which was combined with simultaneous inspiratory muscle training (IMT)-"functional" IMT. Sixteen recreational runners were allocated to either ICT or CON groups. Before the intervention phase, both groups undertook a 4-week program of "foundation" IMT to control for the known ergogenic effect of IMT (30 inspiratory efforts at 50% maximal static inspiratory pressure [P0] per set, 2 sets per day, 6 days per week). The subsequent 6-week interval running training phase consisted of 3-4 sessions per week. In addition, the ICT group undertook 4 inspiratory-loaded core exercises (10 repetitions per set, 2 sets per day, inspiratory load set at 50% post-IMT P0) immediately after each interval training session. The CON group received neither core training nor functional IMT. After the intervention phase, global inspiratory and core muscle functions increased in both groups (p ≤ 0.05), as evidenced by P0 and a sport-specific endurance plank test (SEPT) performance, respectively. Compared with CON, the ICT group showed larger improvements in SEPT, running economy at the speed of the onset of blood lactate accumulation, and 1-hour running performance (3.04% vs. 1.57%, p ≤ 0.05). The changes in these variables were interindividually correlated (r ≥ 0.57, n = 16, p ≤ 0.05). Such findings suggest that the addition of inspiratory-loaded core conditioning into a high-intensity interval training program augments the influence of the interval program on endurance running performance and that this may be underpinned by an improvement in running economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas K Tong
- 1Dr. Stephen Hui Research Centre for Physical Recreation and Wellness, Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; 2Centre for Sports Medicine & Human Performance, Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom; 3Department of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China; 4School of Physical Education and Sports, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China; and 5Physical Education College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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31
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Hong SY, Jung NH, Kim KM. The correlation between proprioception and handwriting legibility in children. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:2849-2851. [PMID: 27821948 PMCID: PMC5088139 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.2849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study investigated the association between proprioception, including joint position sense and kinetic sense, and handwriting legibility in healthy children. [Subjects and Methods] Assessment of joint position sense, kinetic sense, and handwriting legibility was conducted for 19 healthy children. Joint position sense was assessed by asking the children to flex their right elbow between 30° to 110° while blindfolded. The range of elbow movement was analyzed with Compact Measuring System 10 for 3D motion Analysis. Kinetic sense was assessed using the Sensory Integration and Praxis Test. The children were directed to write 30 words from the Korean alphabet, and the legibility of their handwriting was scored for form, alignment, space, size, and shape. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. [Results] There was significant negative correlation between handwriting legibility and Kinetic sense. A significant correlation between handwriting legibility and Joint position sense was not found. [Conclusion] This study showed that a higher Kinetic sense was associated with better legibility of handwriting. Further work is needed to determine the association of handwriting legibility and speed with Joint position sense of the elbow, wrist, and fingers.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Hong
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Baekseok University, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hae Jung
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Baekseok University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Mi Kim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inje University, Republic of Korea
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32
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Azola AM, Sunday KL, Humbert IA. Kinematic Visual Biofeedback Improves Accuracy of Learning a Swallowing Maneuver and Accuracy of Clinician Cues During Training. Dysphagia 2016; 32:115-122. [PMID: 27677733 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-016-9749-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Submental surface electromyography (ssEMG) visual biofeedback is widely used to train swallowing maneuvers. This study compares the effect of ssEMG and videofluoroscopy (VF) visual biofeedback on hyo-laryngeal accuracy when training a swallowing maneuver. Furthermore, it examines the clinician's ability to provide accurate verbal cues during swallowing maneuver training. Thirty healthy adults performed the volitional laryngeal vestibule closure maneuver (vLVC), which involves swallowing and sustaining closure of the laryngeal vestibule for 2 s. The study included two stages: (1) first accurate demonstration of the vLVC maneuver, followed by (2) training-20 vLVC training swallows. Participants were randomized into three groups: (a) ssEMG biofeedback only, (b) VF biofeedback only, and (c) mixed biofeedback (VF for the first accurate demonstration achieving stage and ssEMG for the training stage). Participants' performances were verbally critiqued or reinforced in real time while both the clinician and participant were observing the assigned visual biofeedback. VF and ssEMG were continuously recorded for all participants. Results show that accuracy of both vLVC performance and clinician cues was greater with VF biofeedback than with either ssEMG or mixed biofeedback (p < 0.001). Using ssEMG for providing real-time biofeedback during training could lead to errors while learning and training a swallowing maneuver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba M Azola
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University, 98 N Broadway, Suite 403, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Kirstyn L Sunday
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 100174, Gainesville, FL, 32605, USA
| | - Ianessa A Humbert
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 100174, Gainesville, FL, 32605, USA
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33
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Wang F, Jones CL, Shastri M, Qian K, Kamper DG, Sarkar N. Design and Evaluation of an Actuated Exoskeleton for Examining Motor Control in Stroke Thumb. Adv Robot 2016; 30:165-177. [PMID: 27672232 PMCID: PMC5035118 DOI: 10.1080/01691864.2015.1105867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hand impairment is common following stroke. This paper presents an actuated thumb exoskeleton (ATX) to facilitate research in examining motor control and hand rehabilitation. The ATX presented in this work aims to provide independent bi-directional actuation in each of the 5 degrees-of-freedom (DOF) of the thumb using a novel flexible shaft based mechanism that has 5 active DOF and 3 passive DOF. A prototype has been built and experiments have been conducted to measure the allowable workspace at the thumb and evaluate the kinematic and kinetic performance of the ATX. The experimental results show that the ATX is able to provide individual actuation at all 5 thumb joints with high joint velocity and torque capacities. Further improvement and future work are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furui Wang
- TRUMPF Photonics Inc, Cranbury, NJ, 08512, USA
| | - Christopher L. Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA 60616
| | - Milind Shastri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37212
| | - Kai Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA 60616
| | - Derek G. Kamper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA 60616
- Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60611
| | - Nilanjan Sarkar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA 37212
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Manikowska F, Chen BPJ, Jóźwiak M, Lebiedowska MK. The role of exaggerated patellar tendon reflex in knee joint position sense in patients with cerebral palsy. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2015; 45-46:253-260. [PMID: 26280690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to determine if exaggerated patellar tendon jerk affects knee joint position sense (JPS) in cerebral palsy (CP) patients, by comparing JPS of the knee between participants with normal and exaggerated reflexes. The thresholds for reflex classification were based upon the data from able-bodied volunteers. JPS was measured as the ability of a subject (with eyes closed) to replicate a knee joint position demonstrated by an examiner. Tendon jerk was measured as the moment of force in response to patellar tendon taps. Data was collected from 27 limbs of CP patients (N=14) and 36 limbs of able-bodied volunteers (N=18). JPS was less accurate (p=0.014) in limbs with non-exaggerated reflexes (50.28±43.63%) than in control limbs (11.84±10.85%). There was no significant difference (p=0.08) in JPS accuracy between limbs with exaggerated reflexes (18.66±15.50%) and control limbs. Our data suggests that one component of sensorimotor impairment, JPS, is not as commonly affected in CP patients as previously reported. JPS of the knee is reduced in limbs with non-exaggerated reflexes; however in limbs with exaggerated reflexes which is seen in the majority of CP patients, JPS is not affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustyna Manikowska
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, ul. 28 Czerwca 1956r. nr 135/147, 61-545 Poznań, Poland
| | - Brian Po-Jung Chen
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, ul. 28 Czerwca 1956r. nr 135/147, 61-545 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Marek Jóźwiak
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, ul. 28 Czerwca 1956r. nr 135/147, 61-545 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maria K Lebiedowska
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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35
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Use of a robotic device to measure age-related decline in finger proprioception. Exp Brain Res 2015; 234:83-93. [PMID: 26378004 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Age-related changes in proprioception are known to affect postural stability, yet the extent to which such changes affect the finger joints is poorly understood despite the importance of finger proprioception in the control of skilled hand movement. We quantified age-related changes in finger proprioception in 37 healthy young, middle-aged, and older adults using two robot-based tasks wherein participants' index and middle fingers were moved by an exoskeletal robot. The first task assessed finger position sense by asking participants to indicate when their index and middle fingers were directly overlapped during a passive crisscross movement; the second task assessed finger movement detection by asking participants to indicate the onset of passive finger movement. When these tasks were completed without vision, finger position sense errors were 48 % larger in older adults compared to young participants (p < 0.05); proprioceptive reaction time was 78 % longer in older adults compared to young adults (p < 0.01). When visual feedback was provided in addition to proprioception, these age-related differences were no longer apparent. No difference between dominant and non-dominant hand performance was found for either proprioception task. These findings demonstrate that finger proprioception is impaired in older adults, and visual feedback can be used to compensate for this deficit. The findings also support the feasibility and utility of the FINGER robot as a sensitive tool for detecting age-related decline in proprioception.
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36
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Beauchet O, Launay CP, Fantino B, Allali G, Annweiler C. Respective and combined effects of impairments in sensorimotor systems and cognition on gait performance: a population-based cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125102. [PMID: 25992567 PMCID: PMC4438049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Respective and combined effects of impairments in sensorimotor systems and cognition on gait performance have not been fully studied. This study aims to describe the respective effects of impairments in muscle strength, distance vision, lower-limb proprioception and cognition on the Timed Up & Go (TUG) scores (i.e., performed TUG [pTUG], imagined TUG [iTUG] and the time difference between these two tests [delta TUG]) in older community-dwellers; and to examine their combined effects on TUG scores. Methods Based on a cross-sectional design, 1792 community-dwellers (70.2±4.8 years; 53.6% female) were recruited. Gait performance was assessed using pTUG, iTUG and delta TUG. Participants were divided into healthy individuals and 15 subgroups of individuals according to the presence of impairment in one or more subsystems involved in gait control (i.e., muscle strength and/or distance vision and/or lower-limb proprioception and/or cognition [episodic memory and executive performance]). Impairment in muscle strength, distance vision and lower-limb proprioception was defined as being in the lowest tertile of performance. Impairment in cognition was defined as abnormal episodic memory and executive tests. Results A total of 191 (10.7%) exhibited impairment in muscle strength, 188 (10.5%) in distance vision, 302 (16.9%) in lower-limb proprioception, and 42 (2.3%) in cognition. Linear regressions showed that cognitive impairment as well as dual combinations of impairments were associated with increased pTUG (P<0.02). Impairment in lower-limb proprioception was associated with decreased iTUG (P=0.015). All combinations of impairments, except those including muscle strength and the combinations of the 4 subsystems, were associated with increased delta TUG (P<0.04). Conclusion Cognitive integrity is central for efficient gait control and stability, whereas lower-limb proprioception seems to be central for gait imagery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Beauchet
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Cyrille P. Launay
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Bruno Fantino
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Gilles Allali
- Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive & Motor Aging, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
- Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Ludyga S, Gronwald T, Hottenrott K. Effects of high vs. low cadence training on cyclists' brain cortical activity during exercise. J Sci Med Sport 2015; 19:342-7. [PMID: 25912908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As brain cortical activity depends on cadence, exercise at different pedaling frequencies could provide efficient stimuli for functional adaptations of the brain. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of cadence-specific training on brain cortical activity as well as endurance performance. DESIGN Randomized, controlled experimental trial in a repeated measure design. METHODS Male (n=24) and female (n=12) cyclists were randomly assigned to either a high cadence group (HCT), a low cadence group (LCT) or a control group (CON) for a 4 week intervention period. All groups performed 4h of basic endurance training per week. Additionally, HCT and LCT completed four cadence-specific 60min sessions weekly. At baseline and after 4 weeks subjects performed an incremental test with spirometry as well as an interval session (constant load; varying cadences) with continuous recording of electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms. RESULTS In contrast to CON, HCT and LCT elicited similar improvements of maximal oxygen uptake and power at the individual anaerobic threshold. Additionally, there was a reduction of alpha-, beta- and overall-power spectral density in HCT, which was more pronounced at high cadences. Improvements of endurance performance were correlated with reductions of EEG spectral power at 90 and 120rpm. CONCLUSIONS Whereas high and low cadence training elicit similar improvements in endurance performance, brain cortical activity is especially sensitive to high cadence training. Its reduction can be interpreted in the sense of the neural efficiency hypothesis and might as well influence the sensation of central fatigue positively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Performance Diagnostics and Health Promotion, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Gronwald
- Institute of Performance Diagnostics and Health Promotion, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Department of Sport Sciences, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
| | - Kuno Hottenrott
- Institute of Performance Diagnostics and Health Promotion, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Germany; Department of Sport Sciences, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
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Hughes CML, Tommasino P, Budhota A, Campolo D. Upper extremity proprioception in healthy aging and stroke populations, and the effects of therapist- and robot-based rehabilitation therapies on proprioceptive function. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:120. [PMID: 25784872 PMCID: PMC4345814 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The world’s population is aging, with the number of people ages 65 or older expected to surpass 1.5 billion people, or 16% of the global total. As people age, there are notable declines in proprioception due to changes in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Moreover, the risk of stroke increases with age, with approximately two-thirds of stroke-related hospitalizations occurring in people over the age of 65. In this literature review, we first summarize behavioral studies investigating proprioceptive deficits in normally aging older adults and stroke patients, and discuss the differences in proprioceptive function between these populations. We then provide a state of the art review the literature regarding therapist- and robot-based rehabilitation of the upper extremity proprioceptive dysfunction in stroke populations and discuss avenues of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmayne Mary Lee Hughes
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore
| | - Paolo Tommasino
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore
| | - Aamani Budhota
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore ; Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore
| | - Domenico Campolo
- Robotics Research Centre, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore
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Harvie DS, Broecker M, Smith RT, Meulders A, Madden VJ, Moseley GL. Bogus visual feedback alters onset of movement-evoked pain in people with neck pain. Psychol Sci 2015; 26:385-92. [PMID: 25691362 DOI: 10.1177/0956797614563339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is a protective perceptual response shaped by contextual, psychological, and sensory inputs that suggest danger to the body. Sensory cues suggesting that a body part is moving toward a painful position may credibly signal the threat and thereby modulate pain. In this experiment, we used virtual reality to investigate whether manipulating visual proprioceptive cues could alter movement-evoked pain in 24 people with neck pain. We hypothesized that pain would occur at a lesser degree of head rotation when visual feedback overstated true rotation and at a greater degree of rotation when visual feedback understated true rotation. Our hypothesis was clearly supported: When vision overstated the amount of rotation, pain occurred at 7% less rotation than under conditions of accurate visual feedback, and when vision understated rotation, pain occurred at 6% greater rotation than under conditions of accurate visual feedback. We concluded that visual-proprioceptive information modulated the threshold for movement-evoked pain, which suggests that stimuli that become associated with pain can themselves trigger pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Harvie
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia
| | - Markus Broecker
- School of Information Technology and Mathematical Science, University of South Australia
| | - Ross T Smith
- School of Information Technology and Mathematical Science, University of South Australia
| | - Ann Meulders
- Research Group on Health Psychology, University of Leuven
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Lauzière S, Miéville C, Duclos C, Aissaoui R, Nadeau S. Perception threshold of locomotor symmetry while walking on a split-belt treadmill in healthy elderly individuals. Percept Mot Skills 2014; 118:475-90. [PMID: 24897881 DOI: 10.2466/25.15.pms.118k17w6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Some hemiparetic patients walk asymmetrically. To better understand the mechanisms of this deficiency, the perception of locomotor symmetry was investigated in healthy elderly individuals. 16 participants (6 women, 10 men; M age = 70.9 yr., SD = 4.1) walked on a split-belt treadmill either at a self-selected or imposed gait speed. The speed of the two belts was initially similar (or different) and then gradually differed (or matched), so participants had to detect the point of perceived asymmetry (or symmetry). The results revealed that thresholds occurred when the belt speed ratios were .88 and .85. Initial gait speed did not affect the threshold. The parameter that correlated the most with belt speed asymmetry was stance time of the parameters measured. Future studies will investigate whether stroke affects gait symmetry judgments.
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Age-Related Hip Proprioception Declines: Effects on Postural Sway and Dynamic Balance. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95:253-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kalisch T, Kattenstroth JC, Kowalewski R, Tegenthoff M, Dinse HR. Age-related changes in the joint position sense of the human hand. Clin Interv Aging 2012; 7:499-507. [PMID: 23226011 PMCID: PMC3514063 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s37573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related changes in lower limb joint position sense and their contributions to postural stability are well documented. In contrast, only a few studies have investigated the effect of age on proprioceptive hand function. Here, we introduce a novel test for measuring joint position sense in the fingers of the human hand. In a concurrent matching task, subjects had to detect volume differences between polystyrene balls grasped with their dominant (seven test stimuli: 126-505 cm(3)) and their nondominant hand (three reference stimuli: 210, 294, and 505 cm(3)). A total of 21 comparisons were performed to assess the number of errors, the weight of errors (ie, the volume difference between test and reference stimuli), and the direction of errors (ie, over- or underestimation of test stimulus). The test was applied to 45 healthy subjects aged 21 to 79 years. Our results revealed that all variables changed significantly with age, with the number of errors showing the strongest increase. We also assessed tactile acuity (two-point discrimination thresholds) and sensorimotor performance (pegboard performance) in a subset of subjects, but these scores did not correlate with joint position sense performance, indicating that the test reveals specific information about joint position sense that is not captured with pure sensory or motor tests. The average test-retest reliability assessed on 3 consecutive days was 0.8 (Cronbach's alpha). Our results demonstrate that this novel test reveals age-related decline in joint position sense acuity that is independent from sensorimotor performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kalisch
- Department of Neurology, BG-Kliniken Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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Blanche EI, Bodison S, Chang MC, Reinoso G. Development of the comprehensive observations of proprioception (COP): validity, reliability, and factor analysis. Am J Occup Ther 2012; 66:691-8. [PMID: 23106989 PMCID: PMC3756186 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2012.003608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We developed an observational tool, the Comprehensive Observations of Proprioception (COP), for identifying proprioceptive processing issues in children with developmental disabilities. METHOD Development of the COP underwent three phases. First, we developed items representing proprioceptive functions on the basis of an extensive literature review and consultation with occupational therapists. We then established interrater reliability and content, construct, and criterion validity. Finally, we completed a factor analysis of COP ratings of 130 children with known developmental disabilities. RESULTS Adequate validity and reliability were established. Factor analysis revealed a four-factor model that explained the underlying structure of the measure as it was hypothesized. CONCLUSION The COP is a valid criterion-referenced short observational tool that structures the clinician's observations by linking a child's behaviors to areas identified in the literature as relevant to proprioceptive processing. It takes 15 min to administer and can be used in a variety of contexts, such as the home, clinic, and school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erna Imperatore Blanche
- Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar, CHP-133, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Boisgontier MP, Olivier I, Chenu O, Nougier V. Presbypropria: the effects of physiological ageing on proprioceptive control. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 34:1179-1194. [PMID: 21850402 PMCID: PMC3448996 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-011-9300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Several changes in the human sensory systems, like presbycusis or presbyopia, are well-known to occur with physiological ageing. A similar change is likely to occur in proprioception, too, but there are strong and unexplained discrepancies in the literature. It was proposed that assessment of the attentional cost of proprioceptive control could provide information able to unify these previous studies. To this aim, 15 young adults and 15 older adults performed a position matching task in single and dual-task paradigms with different difficulty levels of the secondary task (congruent and incongruent Stroop-type tasks) to assess presumed age-related deficits in proprioceptive control. Results showed that proprioceptive control was as accurate and as consistent in older as in young adults for a single proprioceptive task. However, performing a secondary cognitive task and increasing the difficulty of this secondary task evidenced both a decreased matching performance and/or an increased attentional cost of proprioceptive control in older adults as compared to young ones. These results advocated for an impaired proprioception in physiological ageing.
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Morone G, Iosa M, Paolucci T, Fusco A, Alcuri R, Spadini E, Saraceni VM, Paolucci S. Efficacy of perceptive rehabilitation in the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain through a new tool: a randomized clinical study. Clin Rehabil 2011; 26:339-50. [PMID: 21965520 DOI: 10.1177/0269215511414443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a perceptive rehabilitative approach, based on a new device, with regard to pain and disability in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. DESIGN Single blind, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING An outpatient academic hospital. PATIENTS Seventy-five patients with chronic low back pain. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized into three groups. Twenty-five subjects received 10 sessions in one month, based on specific perceptive exercises that were performed on a suitably developed device. Twenty-five patients entered a Back School programme. Twenty-five patients comprised a control group that received the same medical and pharmacological assistance as the other groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale and McGill Pain Questionnaire. Disability was evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index and Waddell Disability Index. All measurements were recorded before treatment, at the end of the study, and at 12 and 24 weeks. RESULTS General pain relief was recorded in all the groups, which was elicited more quickly in the perceptive treatment group; significant differences in pain scores were observed at the end of treatment (P < 0.001 for visual analogue scale and P = 0.001 for Questionnaire) versus the other groups. Disability scores in the perceptive group did not differ significantly from those in the other group, whereas these scores significantly differed between Back School and control groups at the follow-ups (P < 0.01 for both scales). CONCLUSION Perceptive rehabilitation has immediate positive effects on pain. Back School reduces disabilities at follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Morone
- Movement and Brain Laboratory, Santa Lucia foundation, Rome, Italy.
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Triandafilou KM, Fischer HC, Towles JD, Kamper DG, Rymer WZ. Diminished capacity to modulate motor activation patterns according to task contributes to thumb deficits following stroke. J Neurophysiol 2011; 106:1644-51. [PMID: 21753022 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00936.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore motor impairment of the thumb following stroke. More specifically, we quantitatively examined kinetic deficits of the thumb. We anticipated that force deficits would be nonuniformly distributed across the kinetic workspace, due in part to varying levels of difficulty in altering the motor activation pattern to meet the task. Eighteen stroke survivors with chronic hemiparesis participated in the trials, along with nine age-matched controls. Of the stroke-survivor group, nine subjects had moderate hand impairment, and the other nine subjects had severe hand impairment. Subjects were instructed to generate maximal isometric thumb-tip force, as measured with a load cell, in each of six orthogonal directions with respect to the thumb tip. Activity of three representative thumb muscles was monitored through intramuscular and surface electrodes. Univariate split-plot analysis of variance revealed that clinical impairment level had a significant effect on measured force (P < 0.001), with the severely impaired group producing only 13% of the control forces, and the moderately impaired group generating 32% of control forces, on average. Weakness in the moderately impaired group exhibited a dependence on force direction (P = 0.015), with the least-relative weakness in the medial direction. Electromyographic recordings revealed that stroke survivors exhibited limited modulation of thumb-muscle activity with intended force direction. The difference in activation presented by the control group for a given muscle was equal to 40% of its full activation range across force directions, whereas this difference was only 26% for the moderately impaired group and 15% for the severely impaired group. This diminished ability to modify voluntary activation patterns, which we observed previously in index-finger muscles as well, appears to be a primary factor in hand impairment following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Triandafilou
- Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Rigosa J, Weber DJ, Prochazka A, Stein RB, Micera S. Neuro-fuzzy decoding of sensory information from ensembles of simultaneously recorded dorsal root ganglion neurons for functional electrical stimulation applications. J Neural Eng 2011; 8:046019. [PMID: 21701057 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2560/8/4/046019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is used to improve motor function after injury to the central nervous system. Some FES systems use artificial sensors to switch between finite control states. To optimize FES control of the complex behavior of the musculo-skeletal system in activities of daily life, it is highly desirable to implement feedback control. In theory, sensory neural signals could provide the required control signals. Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of deriving limb-state estimates from the firing rates of primary afferent neurons recorded in dorsal root ganglia (DRG). These studies used multiple linear regression (MLR) methods to generate estimates of limb position and velocity based on a weighted sum of firing rates in an ensemble of simultaneously recorded DRG neurons. The aim of this study was to test whether the use of a neuro-fuzzy (NF) algorithm (the generalized dynamic fuzzy neural networks (GD-FNN)) could improve the performance, robustness and ability to generalize from training to test sets compared to the MLR technique. NF and MLR decoding methods were applied to ensemble DRG recordings obtained during passive and active limb movements in anesthetized and freely moving cats. The GD-FNN model provided more accurate estimates of limb state and generalized better to novel movement patterns. Future efforts will focus on implementing these neural recording and decoding methods in real time to provide closed-loop control of FES using the information extracted from sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rigosa
- BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna di Pisa, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
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Costello JT, Donnelly AE. Effects of cold water immersion on knee joint position sense in healthy volunteers. J Sports Sci 2011; 29:449-56. [PMID: 21279863 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2010.544047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of cryotherapy, in the form of cold water immersion, on knee joint position sense. Fourteen healthy volunteers, with no previous knee injury or pre-existing clinical condition, participated in this randomized cross-over trial. The intervention consisted of a 30-min immersion, to the level of the umbilicus, in either cold (14 ± 1 °C) or tepid water (28 ± 1 °C). Approximately one week later, in a randomized fashion, the volunteers completed the remaining immersion. Active ipsilateral limb repositioning sense of the right knee was measured, using weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing assessments, employing video-recorded 3D motion analysis. These assessments were conducted immediately before and after a cold and tepid water immersion. No significant differences were found between treatments for the absolute (P = 0.29), relative (P = 0.21) or variable error (P = 0.86). The average effect size of the outcome measures was modest (range -0.49 to 0.9) and all the associated 95% confidence intervals for these effect sizes crossed zero. These results indicate that there is no evidence of an enhanced risk of injury, following a return to sporting activity, after cold water immersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Costello
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co Limerick, Ireland.
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Kalisch T, Kattenstroth JC, Noth S, Tegenthoff M, Dinse HR. Rapid assessment of age-related differences in standing balance. J Aging Res 2011; 2011:160490. [PMID: 21629742 PMCID: PMC3100560 DOI: 10.4061/2011/160490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As life expectancy continues to rise, in the future there will be an increasing number of older people prone to falling. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for comprehensive testing of older individuals to collect data and to identify possible risk factors for falling. Here we use a low-cost force platform to rapidly assess deficits in balance under various conditions. We tested 21 healthy older adults and 24 young adults during static stance, unidirectional and rotational displacement of their centre of pressure (COP). We found an age-related increase in postural sway during quiet standing and a reduction of maximal COP displacement in unidirectional and rotational displacement tests. Our data show that even low-cost computerized assessment tools allow for the comprehensive testing of balance performance in older subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kalisch
- Department of Neurology, BG-Kliniken Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44789 Bochum, Germany
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Costello JT, Donnelly AE. Cryotherapy and joint position sense in healthy participants: a systematic review. J Athl Train 2011; 45:306-16. [PMID: 20446845 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-45.3.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To (1) search the English-language literature for original research addressing the effect of cryotherapy on joint position sense (JPS) and (2) make recommendations regarding how soon healthy athletes can safely return to participation after cryotherapy. DATA SOURCES We performed an exhaustive search for original research using the AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and SportDiscus databases from 1973 to 2009 to gather information on cryotherapy and JPS. Key words used were cryotherapy and proprioception, cryotherapy and joint position sense, cryotherapy, and proprioception. STUDY SELECTION The inclusion criteria were (1) the literature was written in English, (2) participants were human, (3) an outcome measure included JPS, (4) participants were healthy, and (5) participants were tested immediately after a cryotherapy application to a joint. DATA EXTRACTION The means and SDs of the JPS outcome measures were extracted and used to estimate the effect size (Cohen d) and associated 95% confidence intervals for comparisons of JPS before and after a cryotherapy treatment. The numbers, ages, and sexes of participants in all 7 selected studies were also extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS The JPS was assessed in 3 joints: ankle (n = 2), knee (n = 3), and shoulder (n = 2). The average effect size for the 7 included studies was modest, with effect sizes ranging from -0.08 to 1.17, with a positive number representing an increase in JPS error. The average methodologic score of the included studies was 5.4/10 (range, 5-6) on the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. CONCLUSIONS Limited and equivocal evidence is available to address the effect of cryotherapy on proprioception in the form of JPS. Until further evidence is provided, clinicians should be cautious when returning individuals to tasks requiring components of proprioceptive input immediately after a cryotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Costello
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland.
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