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Ocklenburg S, Guo ZV. Cross-hemispheric communication: Insights on lateralized brain functions. Neuron 2024; 112:1222-1234. [PMID: 38458199 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
On the surface, the two hemispheres of vertebrate brains look almost perfectly symmetrical, but several motor, sensory, and cognitive systems show a deeply lateralized organization. Importantly, the two hemispheres are connected by various commissures, white matter tracts that cross the brain's midline and enable cross-hemispheric communication. Cross-hemispheric communication has been suggested to play an important role in the emergence of lateralized brain functions. Here, we review current advances in understanding cross-hemispheric communication that have been made using modern neuroscientific tools in rodents and other model species, such as genetic labeling, large-scale recordings of neuronal activity, spatiotemporally precise perturbation, and quantitative behavior analyses. These findings suggest that the emergence of lateralized brain functions cannot be fully explained by largely static factors such as genetic variation and differences in structural brain asymmetries. In addition, learning-dependent asymmetric interactions between the left and right hemispheres shape lateralized brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Department of Psychology, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; ICAN Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Zengcai V Guo
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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2
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Takahashi A, Hattori S, Sakai E, Yang L, Katayama I, Fujimoto M, Wataya-Kaneda M. Distribution of shagreen patches and fibrous cephalic plaques in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex: A retrospective cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:849-852. [PMID: 38104779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hattori
- Department of Biomedical Statistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiative, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ena Sakai
- Department of Biomedical Statistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lingli Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Katayama
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Wataya-Kaneda
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Division of Health Science, Department of Neurocutaneous Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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Sekiguchi Y, Owaki D, Honda K, Izumi SI, Ebihara S. Differences in kinetic factors affecting gait speed between lesion sides in patients with stroke. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1240339. [PMID: 38567085 PMCID: PMC10985198 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1240339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The differences in kinetic mechanisms of decreased gait speed across brain lesion sides have not been elucidated, including the arrangement of motor modules reflected by kinetic interjoint coordination. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the differences in the kinetic factors of slow gait speed in patients with stroke on the lesion sides. A three-dimensional motion analysis system was employed to assess joint moment in the lower limb and representative gait parameters in 32 patients with right hemisphere brain damage (RHD) and 38 patients with left hemisphere brain damage (LHD) following stroke as well as 20 healthy controls. Motor module composition and timing were determined using principal component analysis based on the three joint moments in the lower limb in the stance phase, which were the variances accounted for principal components (PCs) and the peak timing in the time series of PCs. A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify the most significant joint moment and PC-associated parameter in explaining gait speed. A negligible difference was observed in age, weight, height, and gait speed among patients with RHD and LHD and controls. The following factors contributed to gait speed: in patients with RHD, larger ankle plantarflexion moment on the paretic (p = 0.001) and nonparetic (p = 0.002) sides and ankle dorsiflexion moment on the nonparetic side (p = 0.004); in patients with LHD, larger ankle plantarflexion moment (p < 0.001) and delayed peak timing of the first PC (p = 0.012) on the paretic side as well as ankle dorsiflexion moment on the nonparetic side (p < 0.001); in the controls, delayed peak timing of the first PC (p = 0.002) on the right side and larger ankle dorsiflexion moment (p = 0.001) as well as larger hip flexion moment on the left side (p = 0.023). The findings suggest that the kinetic mechanisms of gait speed may differ among patients with RHD following patients with stroke with LHD, and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sekiguchi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Dai Owaki
- Department of Robotics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keita Honda
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Izumi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoru Ebihara
- Department of Internal Medicine & Rehabilitation Science, Disability Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Mendonça MD, da Silva JA, Hernandez LF, Castela I, Obeso J, Costa RM. Dopamine neuron activity encodes the length of upcoming contralateral movement sequences. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1034-1047.e4. [PMID: 38377999 PMCID: PMC10931818 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurons (DANs) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) have been related to movement speed, and loss of these neurons leads to bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, other aspects of movement vigor are also affected in PD; for example, movement sequences are typically shorter. However, the relationship between the activity of DANs and the length of movement sequences is unknown. We imaged activity of SNc DANs in mice trained in a freely moving operant task, which relies on individual forelimb sequences. We uncovered a similar proportion of SNc DANs increasing their activity before either ipsilateral or contralateral sequences. However, the magnitude of this activity was higher for contralateral actions and was related to contralateral but not ipsilateral sequence length. In contrast, the activity of reward-modulated DANs, largely distinct from those modulated by movement, was not lateralized. Finally, unilateral dopamine depletion impaired contralateral, but not ipsilateral, sequence length. These results indicate that movement-initiation DANs encode more than a general motivation signal and invigorate aspects of contralateral movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D Mendonça
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400 038 Lisbon, Portugal; Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400 038 Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon 1169 056, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Alves da Silva
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400 038 Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon 1169 056, Portugal
| | - Ledia F Hernandez
- HM CINAC, Centro Integral de Neurociencias AC, Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid 28938, Spain; Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain; Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid 28003, Spain
| | - Ivan Castela
- HM CINAC, Centro Integral de Neurociencias AC, Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid 28938, Spain; Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain; PhD Program in Neuroscience, Autonoma de Madrid University, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - José Obeso
- HM CINAC, Centro Integral de Neurociencias AC, Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid 28938, Spain; Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid 28029, Spain; Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid 28003, Spain; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Rui M Costa
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400 038 Lisbon, Portugal; Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Allen Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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Røsvoll Å, Rusten EH, Westerhausen R. Left-hand preference in visual artists: A pre-registered observational study on Instagram. Laterality 2024; 29:184-198. [PMID: 38415348 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2024.2315856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The notion of an increased incidence of left handers among architects and visual artists has inspired both scientific theory building and popular discussion. However, a systematic exploration of the available publications provides, at best, modest evidence for this claim. The present preregistered observational study was designed to reinvestigate the postulated association by examining hand preference of visual artists who share their artistic activities as short video clips ("reels") on the social media platform Instagram. Determining individual hand preference based on five reels for each of N = 468 artists, we identified 42 (8.97%) left handers, suggesting an incidence which is below but statistical comparable to the 10.6% expected for the general population (χ2 = 1.30; p = .25; Cohen's w = 0.05). Also, we did not find any support for the notion that the art created by left-handed artists is of higher quality than art of right handers, as no difference in public endorsement or interest were observed (reflected by the number of likes per post or account followers). Taken together, we do not find any support for difference in artistic engagement or quality between left and right handers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsne Røsvoll
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Sprouse Blum AS, DaSilva LA, Greenberg MD, Nissenbaum AJ, Shapiro RE, Littenberg B. Comparison of migraine with left- versus right-sided headache: A cross-sectional study. Headache 2024; 64:259-265. [PMID: 38433351 DOI: 10.1111/head.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to clarify whether clinical differences exist between patients with migraine who experience headache that is typically left-sided ("left-migraine") versus right-sided ("right-migraine") during attacks. BACKGROUND Migraine has been associated with unilateral headache for millennia and remains a supportive trait for the clinical diagnosis of migraine of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. It is currently unknown why headache in migraine is commonly unilateral, and whether headache-sidedness is associated with other clinical features. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study comparing left- versus right-migraine using all available intake questionnaires of new patients evaluated at an academic tertiary headache center over a 20-year period. Eligibility was based on patient written responses indicating the typical location of headache during attacks. In our analyses, the side of headache (left or right) was the predictor variable. The outcomes included various migraine characteristics and psychiatric comorbidities. RESULTS We identified 6527 patients with migraine, of which 340 met study eligibility criteria. Of these, 48.8% (166/340) had left migraine, and 51.2% (174/340) had right migraine. When comparing patients with left- versus right-migraine, patients with left migraine experienced 3.6 fewer headache-free days (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-5.9; p = 0.002) and 2.4 more severe headache days (95% CI 0.8-4.1; p = 0.004) in the previous 4 weeks. No significant differences in age, sex, handedness, migraine characteristics, or psychiatric comorbidities were identified between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Patients with migraine with typically left-sided headache during attacks reported a higher burden of headache frequency and severity than those with typically right-sided headache during attacks. These findings may have implications for our understanding of migraine pathophysiology, treatment, and clinical trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Sprouse Blum
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | | | | | | | - Robert E Shapiro
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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Edwards KA, Lii T, Schouten TD, Kearney KM, Ziadni MS, Darnall BD, Mackey SC, Gilam G. Is There an Association Between Lateralization of Chronic Pain in the Body and Depression? J Pain 2024:S1526-5900(24)00371-7. [PMID: 38341013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Depression commonly co-occurs with chronic pain and can worsen pain outcomes. Recent theoretical work has hypothesized that pain localized to the left hemibody is a risk factor for worse depression due to overlap in underlying neural substrates. This hypothesis has not been tested a priori. Using a large sample of treatment-seeking adults with mixed-etiology chronic pain (N = 1,185), our cross-sectional study tested whether patients with left-sided pain endorse worse depressive symptoms. We also examined differences in other pain-related functioning measures. We tested 4 comparisons based on painful body areas using the CHOIR body map: 1) only left-sided (OL) versus any right-sided pain; 2) only right-sided (OR) versus any left-sided pain; 3) OL versus OR versus bilateral pain; and 4) more left-sided versus more right-sided versus equal-sided pain. Analysis of variance models showed OL pain was not associated with worse depression (F = 5.50, P = .019). Any left-sided pain was associated with worse depression, though the effect was small (F = 8.58, P = .003, Cohens d = .29). Bilateral pain was associated with worse depression (F = 8.05, P < .001, Cohens d = .24-.33). Regardless of pain location, more body areas endorsed was associated with greater depression. Although a more rigorous assessment of pain laterality is needed, our findings do not support the hypothesis that left-lateralized pain is associated with worse depression. PERSPECTIVE: Pain lateralized to the left side of the body has been hypothesized as a risk factor for worse depression in chronic pain, despite never being tested in a large, real-world sample of patients with chronic pain. Findings showed that more widespread pain, not pain laterality, was associated with worse depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlyn A Edwards
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Theresa Lii
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Troy D Schouten
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Katherine M Kearney
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Maisa S Ziadni
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Beth D Darnall
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Sean C Mackey
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Gadi Gilam
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Sava MP, Leica A, Amsler F, Leles S, Hirschmann MT. Only 26% of Native Knees Show an Identical Coronal Functional Knee Phenotype in the Contralateral Knee. J Pers Med 2024; 14:193. [PMID: 38392626 PMCID: PMC10890178 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A comprehensive exploration evaluating left-to-right knee symmetry across all anatomical planes utilizing three-dimensional (3D) scans stands absent from the existing body of research. Therefore, the primary objectives of this investigation involved examining potential differences and resemblances in alignment and structure between left and right non-osteoarthritic (native) knees in various planes (coronal, sagittal, and axial) using three-dimensional single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) images. METHODS A total of 282 native knees from 141 patients were retrospectively gathered from the hospital's records. Patients, aged between 16 and 45, who underwent Tc99m-methyl diphosphonate SPECT/CT scans for both knees, adhering to the Imperial Knee Protocol, were included. A statistical analysis was conducted, including 23 knee morphometric parameters, comparing left and right knees, and classifying them based on functional knee phenotypes across the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes. RESULTS Regarding the functional coronal knee phenotype, 26% of patients (n = 37) exhibited identical phenotypes in both knees (p < 0.001). Significant correlated similarities between the left and right knees were observed in the coronal plane (Pearson's r = 0.76, 0.68, 0.76, 0.76, p < 0.001) and in several morphometric measures in the sagittal plane (Pearson's r = 0.92, 0.72, 0.64, p < 0.001). Moderately correlated similarities were noted in the axial plane (Pearson's r = 0.43, 0.44, 0.43, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Only 26% of native knees exhibit an identical coronal phenotype in their contralateral knee, whereas 67% have the adjacent coronal phenotype. Strongly correlated resemblances were established across various left and right knee morphometric parameters in the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes. These findings could enhance decisions in procedures like total knee arthroplasties or osteotomies, where alignment is key to outcomes, and reveal a potential for future artificial intelligence-driven models to improve our understanding and improve personalized treatment strategies for knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel-Paul Sava
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Kantonsspital Baselland (Bruderholz, Liestal, Laufen), CH-4101 Bruderholz, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Group Michael T. Hirschmann, Regenerative Medicine & Biomechanics, University of Basel, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Leica
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Kantonsspital Baselland (Bruderholz, Liestal, Laufen), CH-4101 Bruderholz, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Group Michael T. Hirschmann, Regenerative Medicine & Biomechanics, University of Basel, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Amsler
- Amsler Consulting, Gundeldingerrain 111, CH-4059 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sotirios Leles
- Iatriko Athinon Clinic, Distomou 5-7, 15125 Marousi Attica, Greece
| | - Michael T Hirschmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Kantonsspital Baselland (Bruderholz, Liestal, Laufen), CH-4101 Bruderholz, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Group Michael T. Hirschmann, Regenerative Medicine & Biomechanics, University of Basel, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland
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Yin J, Xu G, Xie H, Liu Y, Dou Z, Shao B, Li Z. Effects of different frequencies music on cortical responses and functional connectivity in patients with minimal conscious state. J Biophotonics 2024:e202300427. [PMID: 38303080 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate brain activation and functional network patterns during musical interventions in different frequency bands using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, and to provide a basis for more effective music therapy strategy selection for patients in minimally conscious state (MCS). Twenty six MCS patients and 20 healthy people were given music intervention with low frequency (31-180 Hz), medium frequency (180-4k Hz), and high frequency (4k-22k Hz) audio. In MCS patients, low frequency music intervention induced activation of left prefrontal cortex and left primary sensory cortex (S1), also a left-hemisphere lateralization effect of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). And the functional connectivity of right DLPFC-right S1 was significantly improved by high frequency music intervention. The low frequency and high frequency music may contribute more than medium frequency music to the recovery of consciousness. This study also validated the effectiveness of fNIRS in studies of brain function in MCS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yin
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Gongcheng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Functional Information and Rehabilitation Engineering of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Zulin Dou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Shao
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengyong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-Functional Information and Rehabilitation Engineering of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Beijing, China
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Nesbit RJ, Watling D. Comparing two versions of the Chimeric Face Test: A pilot investigation. Laterality 2024; 29:19-36. [PMID: 37676081 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2023.2252569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The Chimeric Face Test (CFT) is a widely used behavioral measure of degree of lateralization for emotion processing. The Pictures of Facial Affect (Ekman, 1976 [Pictures of facial affect. Consulting Psychologists Press.]) have often been used to create chimeras for this task but have widely been critiqued due to lack of ethnic diversity and small stimuli numbers. In this brief study participants (N = 45) completed two Chimeric Face Tests, one using the Pictures of Facial Affect and one using the NimStim facial stimuli (Tottenham et al., 2009 [The NimStim set of facial expressions: Judgments from untrained research participants. Psychiatry Research, 168(3), 242-249]). The laterality scores were compared across measures. The results show the two measures are related; laterality quotients showed a strong correlation between the two tasks. Participants showed a left-visual field bias on both tasks, indicative of a right-hemisphere bias for the processing of emotions. The NimStim Chimeric Face Test however was found to give a more conservative estimate of degree of lateralization. The NimStim Chimeric Face Test is discussed as a valid measure for examining lateralization for emotion processing, The extent to which different versions of the Chimeric Face Test are comparable is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawn Watling
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK
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Shaikh Qureshi WM, Hentges KE. Functions of cilia in cardiac development and disease. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:4-26. [PMID: 37872827 PMCID: PMC10952336 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Errors in embryonic cardiac development are a leading cause of congenital heart defects (CHDs), including morphological abnormalities of the heart that are often detected after birth. In the past few decades, an emerging role for cilia in the pathogenesis of CHD has been identified, but this topic still largely remains an unexplored area. Mouse forward genetic screens and whole exome sequencing analysis of CHD patients have identified enrichment for de novo mutations in ciliary genes or non-ciliary genes, which regulate cilia-related pathways, linking cilia function to aberrant cardiac development. Key events in cardiac morphogenesis, including left-right asymmetric development of the heart, are dependent upon cilia function. Cilia dysfunction during left-right axis formation contributes to CHD as evidenced by the substantial proportion of heterotaxy patients displaying complex CHD. Cilia-transduced signaling also regulates later events during heart development such as cardiac valve formation, outflow tract septation, ventricle development, and atrioventricular septa formation. In this review, we summarize the role of motile and non-motile (primary cilia) in cardiac asymmetry establishment and later events during heart development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasay Mohiuddin Shaikh Qureshi
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Kathryn E. Hentges
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
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Dumitru ML. Brain asymmetry is globally different in males and females: exploring cortical volume, area, thickness, and mean curvature. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11623-11633. [PMID: 37851852 PMCID: PMC10724869 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain asymmetry is a cornerstone in the development of higher-level cognition, but it is unclear whether and how it differs in males and females. Asymmetry has been investigated using the laterality index, which compares homologous regions as pairwise weighted differences between the left and the right hemisphere. However, if asymmetry differences between males and females are global instead of pairwise, involving proportions between multiple brain areas, novel methodological tools are needed to evaluate them. Here, we used the Amsterdam Open MRI collection to investigate sexual dimorphism in brain asymmetry by comparing laterality index with the distance index, which is a global measure of differences within and across hemispheres, and with the subtraction index, which compares pairwise raw values in the left and right hemisphere. Machine learning models, robustness tests, and group analyses of cortical volume, area, thickness, and mean curvature revealed that, of the three indices, distance index was the most successful biomarker of sexual dimorphism. These findings suggest that left-right asymmetry in males and females involves global coherence rather than pairwise contrasts. Further studies are needed to investigate the biological basis of local and global asymmetry based on growth patterns under genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda L Dumitru
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Postboks 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Akabalieva K. Significant gender-specific difference in brain lateralization of schizophrenia patients assessed by new combined foot dominance scale. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1276920. [PMID: 38098630 PMCID: PMC10719836 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1276920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Reduced hemispheric asymmetry has been identified as a potential risk factor for schizophrenia, characterized by diminished brain lateralization and a lack of dominance in the left hemisphere. Moreover, there is growing evidence of disrupted connectivity between various cortical regions. This study aimed to investigate gender differences in left-footedness as a potential biological marker for neuronal dysontogenesis in individuals with schizophrenia and control subjects. Materials and methods A New Combined Foot Dominance Scale (14 foot tests), comprising a Modified Chapman & Chapman Subscale (10 foot tests) and a Complex Tasks Subscale (four foot tests) was administered as performance tasks in 180 subjects [98 schizophrenia patients with mean age 34.45 years (SD = 15.67, range 23-79) for men and 42.20 years (SD = 11.38, range 21-63) for women and 82 controls with a mean age 34.70 years (SD = 16,82, range 18-79) for men and 44.50 years (SD = 10.73, range 23-67)]. As our data are not continuous and lacks normal distribution, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test was used for comparing categorical data. Results The mean left-footedness, as assessed by the New Combined Foot Dominance Scale, is significantly higher in individuals with schizophrenia compared to control subjects. Our findings from inter-gender comparisons reveal that female schizophrenia patients exhibit a significantly greater average left-footedness than female control subjects, while in males no such a statistical significant difference is detected. Conclusion Left foot dominance is higher in patients with schizophrenia than in control subjects and women contribute significantly more to this difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Akabalieva
- Department of Apasychiatry and Amaedical Apasychology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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14
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Zheng X, Xu C, Ganesan K, Chen H, Cheung YS, Chen J. Does Laterality in Breast Cancer still have the Importance to be Studied? A Meta-analysis of Patients with Breast Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2023; 31:CMC-EPUB-135921. [PMID: 37933213 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673241301231023060322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Studies show that left-sided BC in pre and post-menopausal women leads to double the risk of worse morbidity and mortality and the reasons are uncertain. Finding the relationship between BC laterality and other possible risk factors can be advantageous for the prognosis of BC. OBJECTIVE This present study aimed to analyze the relationship between BC laterality and possible risk factors. METHODS A total of 6089 studies were screened. 23 studies from 1971 to 2021 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. A pooled relative risk was generated via meta-analysis with a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS Left-side BC laterality was significant (p < 0.00001) in the women populations compared to the right side based on the pooled size with possible high-risk factors, including handedness, older women, body mass index, people with black skin, invasive type carcinoma, and estrogen receptor-negative BC. These findings suggest that there may be a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors that contribute to left-side BC laterality. CONCLUSION Results suggest an increased rate of BC on the left side, with high-risk factors contributing to BC laterality, which may be useful in predicting prognosis. This study provides significant insights into the relationship between high-risk factors and BC laterality. By identifying potential risk factors associated with left-side BC, it may be possible to improve the ability to predict prognosis and develop more targeted treatment strategies. This information could be particularly useful for healthcare providers and patients, as it may guide decisions regarding screening, prevention, and treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing the overall burden of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cong Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Haiyong Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yuen Shan Cheung
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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15
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Li X, Motwani C, Cao M, Martin E, Halperin JM. Working Memory-Related Neurofunctional Correlates Associated with the Frontal Lobe in Children with Familial vs. Non-Familial Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1469. [PMID: 37891836 PMCID: PMC10605263 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with high prevalence, heritability, and heterogeneity. Children with a positive family history of ADHD have a heightened risk of ADHD emergence, persistence, and executive function deficits, with the neural mechanisms having been under investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate working memory-related functional brain activation patterns in children with ADHD (with vs. without positive family histories (ADHD-F vs. ADHD-NF)) and matched typically developing children (TDC). Voxel-based and region of interest analyses were conducted on two-back task-based fMRI data of 362 subjects, including 186, 96, and 80 children in groups of TDC, ADHD-NF, and ADHD-F, respectively. Relative to TDC, both ADHD groups had significantly reduced activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). And the ADHD-F group demonstrated a significant positive association of left IFG activation with task reaction time, a negative association of the right IFG with ADHD symptomatology, and a negative association of the IFG activation laterality index with the inattention symptom score. These results suggest that working memory-related functional alterations in bilateral IFGs may play distinct roles in ADHD-F, with the functional underdevelopment of the left IFG significantly informing the onset of ADHD symptoms. Our findings have the potential to assist in tailored diagnoses and targeted interventions in children with ADHD-F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (C.M.); (M.C.); (E.M.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Chirag Motwani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (C.M.); (M.C.); (E.M.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Meng Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (C.M.); (M.C.); (E.M.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Elizabeth Martin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (C.M.); (M.C.); (E.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Halperin
- Department of Psychology, Queens College, City University of New York, New York, NY 11367, USA;
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16
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Pfau DR, Baribeau S, Brown F, Khetarpal N, Marc Breedlove S, Jordan CL. Loss of TRPC2 function in mice alters sex differences in brain regions regulating social behaviors. J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:1550-1561. [PMID: 37496437 PMCID: PMC10642801 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential cation channel 2 (TRPC2) conveys pheromonal information from the vomeronasal organ (VNO) to the brain. Both male and female mice lacking this gene show altered sex-typical behavior as adults. We asked whether TRPC2, highly expressed in the VNO, normally participates in the development of VNO-recipient brain regions controlling mounting and aggression, two behaviors affected by TRPC2 loss. We now report significant effects of TRPC2 loss in both the posterodorsal aspect of the medial amygdala (MePD) and ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) of male and female mice. In the MePD, a sex difference in neuron number was eliminated by the TRPC2 knockout (KO), but the effect was complex, with fewer neurons in the right MePD of females, and fewer neurons in the left MePD of males. In contrast, MePD astrocytes were unaffected by the KO. In the ventrolateral (vl) aspect of the VMH, KO females were like wildtype (WT) females, but TRPC2 loss had a dramatic effect in males, with fewer neurons than WT males and a smaller VMHvl overall. We also discovered a glial sex difference in VMHvl of WTs, with females having more astrocytes than males. Interestingly, TRPC2 loss increased astrocyte number in males in this region. We conclude that TRPC2 normally participates in the sexual differentiation of the mouse MePD and VMHvl. These changes in two key VNO-recipient regions may underlie the effects of the TRPC2 KO on behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Pfau
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Sarah Baribeau
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Felix Brown
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Niki Khetarpal
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - S Marc Breedlove
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Cynthia L Jordan
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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17
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Chadha A, Bradley D, Fell M, Fernanda M, Bustamante A, Chong D. The Implications of Laterality in Unilateral Cleft Lip Reconstruction: A Global Survey of Cleft Surgeons. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023:10556656231181904. [PMID: 37448302 DOI: 10.1177/10556656231181904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the impact of directional laterality in complete Unilateral Cleft Lip (UCL) amongst the global cleft surgeon community. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey study. SETTING Global distribution of online survey distributed in English and Spanish. PARTICIPANTS Cleft surgeons from around the world. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Survey participant perception of the impact of laterality on: (1) cleft presentation (2) surgical challenge and (3) surgical outcomes. RESULTS Responses were received from 453 cleft surgeons located in 54 countries around the world. 221 (49%) had previously considered differences in patients presenting with a left- versus right-sided UCL. 95 (21%) considered right-sided clefts more difficult to reconstruct, 37 (8%) reported left-sided clefts to be more difficult and 321 (71%) reported no difference in difficulty between the cleft sides. Higher volume cleft surgeons, characterised by those reporting cleft as their principal area of practice and performing >20 cleft operations per year, were more likely to have both previously considered differences in laterality in cleft and to report right-sided unilateral cleft lip to be more difficult to primarily reconstruct. 395 (87%) did not consider surgical outcomes to be influenced by cleft laterality. CONCLUSIONS This survey reports perceptions on cleft laterality from a large body of global surgeons and suggests a trend for increased difficulty in right-sided compared to left-sided cleft lip reconstruction, where such laterality-associated difficulty is perceived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Chadha
- Training Interface Group (TIG) Fellow in Cleft Lip & Palate, University of Cambridge NHS Hospitals Trust, Cambridge, UK
- PhD Candidate, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, Kings College London & South Thames Cleft Service (St. Thomas Hospital, London, UK)
| | - Daniel Bradley
- Global Surgery Fellow, Operation Smile Inc., Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew Fell
- Cleft and Craniofacial Fellow, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Honorary Research Fellow, Cleft Collective, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Trustee, CLEFT Charity (www.cleft.org.uk)
| | - Maria Fernanda
- Plastic Surgeon & Global Surgery Fellow, Operation Smile Inc., Bolivia & Colombia
| | | | - David Chong
- Consultant in Plastic Surgery, Consultant in Cleft & Craniofacial Surgery, Associate Professor, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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18
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Masuelli S, Real S, McMillen P, Oudin M, Levin M, Roqué M. The Yin and Yang of Breast Cancer: Ion Channels as Determinants of Left-Right Functional Differences. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11121. [PMID: 37446299 PMCID: PMC10342022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease that displays diverse molecular subtypes and clinical outcomes. Although it is known that the location of tumors can affect their biological behavior, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In our previous study, we found a differential methylation profile and membrane potential between left (L)- and right (R)-sided breast tumors. In this current study, we aimed to identify the ion channels responsible for this phenomenon and determine any associated phenotypic features. To achieve this, experiments were conducted in mammary tumors in mice, human patient samples, and with data from public datasets. The results revealed that L-sided tumors have a more depolarized state than R-sided. We identified a 6-ion channel-gene signature (CACNA1C, CACNA2D2, CACNB2, KCNJ11, SCN3A, and SCN3B) associated with the side: L-tumors exhibit lower expression levels than R-tumors. Additionally, in silico analyses show that the signature correlates inversely with DNA methylation writers and with key biological processes involved in cancer progression, such as proliferation and stemness. The signature also correlates inversely with patient survival rates. In an in vivo mouse model, we confirmed that KI67 and CD44 markers were increased in L-sided tumors and a similar tendency for KI67 was found in patient L-tumors. Overall, this study provides new insights into the potential impact of anatomical location on breast cancer biology and highlights the need for further investigation into possible differential treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Masuelli
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, National Council of Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Parque General San Martin, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; (S.M.)
- Faculty of Medical Science, National University of Cuyo, Parque General San Martin, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Real
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, National Council of Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Parque General San Martin, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; (S.M.)
- Faculty of Medical Science, National University of Cuyo, Parque General San Martin, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Patrick McMillen
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Madeleine Oudin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - María Roqué
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, National Council of Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Parque General San Martin, Mendoza 5500, Argentina; (S.M.)
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Parque General San Martin, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
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19
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Dumas V, Martin K, Giraud C, Prigent J, Bloch W, Soualmi K, Herpe G, Boucebci S, Neau JP, Guillevin R, Velasco S. Functional outcome in low-ASPECTS (0-5) acute ischemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy: impact of laterality explored in a single-center study. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1205256. [PMID: 37470004 PMCID: PMC10353876 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1205256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is no consensus regarding the influence of infarct laterality in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT), particularly in low-ASPECT (0-5) patients who were excluded from the initial MT studies and that participated in dedicated randomized-controlled trials that do not consider the side of the occlusion. We aimed to evaluate the role of infarct laterality on the clinical outcome in low-ASPECT AIS patients treated with MT. Material and methods We retrospectively analyzed our institutional stroke database in our Thrombectomy-Capable Stroke Center (TCSC), including patient characteristics, procedural variables, and outcomes, between January 2015 and January 2022. Patients with acute intracranial ICA and/or proximal MCA occlusions with ASPECT ≤ 5 either on CT or MRI were included and divided into 2 groups according to the location of ischemia. The primary endpoint was a good clinical outcome at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-3). Results Between January 2015 and November 2021, 817 MT were performed, of which 82 were low-ASPECT (10.0%): 41 left-sided and 41 right-sided strokes. The rates of good clinical outcome were 30.8% (12/41) for the left-sided group and 43.6% (17/41) for the right-sided group, with a p-value of 0.349. The morality rate showed no significant difference between the two groups: 39.0% (16/41) in the right stroke group and 36.6% (15/41) in the left stroke group. Conclusion The clinical outcome was not significantly influenced by stroke laterality. The results of this single-center retrospective study indicate either a lack of strength or equal value in performing mechanical thrombectomy regardless of stroke laterality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Dumas
- LabCom I3M, DACTIM-MIS Team, LMA CNRS 7348, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
- Department of Radiology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - Killian Martin
- Department of Radiology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - Clément Giraud
- LabCom I3M, DACTIM-MIS Team, LMA CNRS 7348, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - Julia Prigent
- Department of Neurology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - William Bloch
- Department of Neurology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - Karim Soualmi
- Department of Radiology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - Guillaume Herpe
- LabCom I3M, DACTIM-MIS Team, LMA CNRS 7348, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
- Department of Radiology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - Samy Boucebci
- Department of Radiology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean Philippe Neau
- Department of Neurology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - Rémy Guillevin
- LabCom I3M, DACTIM-MIS Team, LMA CNRS 7348, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
- Department of Radiology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
| | - Stéphane Velasco
- Department of Radiology, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France
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20
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Ocklenburg S, Borawski J, Mundorf A, Riedel K, Lischke A. Handedness and anxiety: a review. Laterality 2023; 28:336-356. [PMID: 37605527 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2023.2250074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Handedness is a core phenotype in clinical laterality research and several different disorders such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders have been linked to a higher prevalence of non-right-handedness. Moreover, subclinical personality traits like schizotypy have been linked to a higher prevalence of non-right-handedness. The association with handedness is poorly understood for generalized anxiety disorder and specific phobias, as well as for state and trait anxiety and fear of specific stimuli in nonclinical samples. Therefore, we performed a narrative review of studies investigating handedness in anxiety disorders patients and studies that compared anxiety scores between different handedness groups. Unlike schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders, there seems to be no strong association between anxiety disorders and handedness in adult patients, except for specific phobias. Studies often had small sample sizes and therefore a high risk to report spurious findings. Similar findings were reported in most non-clinical studies. Importantly, familial handedness affects phobia risk and antenatal maternal anxiety increased the probability of mixed-handedness. This suggests that a transgenerational, developmental perspective is essential to better understand the complex interrelations between handedness and anxiety. Familial and especially maternal handedness and anxiety disorders should be integrated into future studies on handedness and anxiety whenever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Department of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- ICAN Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jette Borawski
- Department of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annakarina Mundorf
- ISM Institute for Systems Medicine and Department of Human Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerrin Riedel
- Department of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Lischke
- Department of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- ICPP Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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21
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Marcinowski EC, Nelson EL, Campbell JM, Michel GF. Early, concurrent, and consistent hand preferences predict stacking in toddlerhood. Dev Psychobiol 2023; 65:e22397. [PMID: 37338251 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Stacking is a hallmark of fine motor skill development and requires skilled hand use. One mechanism for children to gain manual proficiency involves establishing a hand preference that creates practice differences between the hands as the preferred hand is used more often and in different ways than the other. Prior work found that stacking skill emerged earlier for infants with an identifiable hand preference. However, it is not known how hand preference relates to later toddler stacking performance. This study examined the effects of early hand preference (infant pattern), concurrent hand preference (toddler pattern), and consistent hand preference (infant to toddler pattern) on toddler stacking skills. Sixty-one toddlers, whose hand preferences as infants were known, were assessed for their toddler hand preference and their stacking skill across 7 monthly visits from 18 to 24 months of age. Using multilevel Poisson longitudinal analysis, children with hand preferences that were consistent across both infancy and toddlerhood were more successful at stacking, compared to those with inconsistent preferences across the infant and toddler periods. Thus, consistency of hand preferences during the first 2 years likely contributes toward individual differences in the development of fine motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Marcinowski
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Eliza L Nelson
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Julie M Campbell
- Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA
| | - George F Michel
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
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22
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Theodorou AS, Panoutsakopoulos V, Exell TA, Cassirame J, Sanchez H, Kotzamanidou MC. Success to Clear the Bar in Elite Pole Vaulters is Affected by Step Frequency Perturbation. J Hum Kinet 2023; 87:41-49. [PMID: 37559772 PMCID: PMC10407325 DOI: 10.5114/jhk/163060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to identify the interaction of step characteristics, along with the direction and magnitude of their asymmetry of elite male and female pole vaulters between successful and failed attempts. It was hypothesized that step characteristics and the magnitude of asymmetry between the two legs would interact with the outcome of the attempt. The approach runs of 12 pole vaulters (7 males, 5 females) were recorded during an indoor international competition. The leg used by the athlete for taking-off was defined as the non-pole-carrying leg, while the other was the pole-carrying leg. Using spatiotemporal information obtained from recordings with a panning camera (300 fps), the last steps of each athlete's approach run were analyzed for length, frequency, average velocity, and inter-limb asymmetry. There was no inter-limb difference (p > 0.05) in the absolute values of step length or step velocity between successful and failed attempts. However, the pole-carrying leg presented significantly (p < 0.05) higher step frequency values at the failed attempts. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in asymmetry values for step length, frequency, and average velocity between successful and failed attempts. Although step velocity remained unaffected, failed attempts were characterized by a perturbation in the interaction of step frequency and step length. The present findings suggest that although high velocity at the final phase of the approach is essential, it is not the sole determining factor for a successful attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos S. Theodorou
- School of Physical Education & Sport Science (SEFAA), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dafni Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilios Panoutsakopoulos
- Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Timothy A. Exell
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Johan Cassirame
- EA 4660, Department Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S, Besançon, France
- EA 7507, Laboratoire Performance, Santé, Métrologie, Société, Universite de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
- FFA – French Athletics Federation, Recherche Division, Paris, France
- Mtraining, R&D Division, École Valentin, France
| | - Hervé Sanchez
- FFA – French Athletics Federation, Recherche Division, Paris, France
- Mtraining, R&D Division, École Valentin, France
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Kim S, Nam K. Examining interhemispheric processing and task demand in lexical decision-making: insights from lateralized visual field paradigm. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1208786. [PMID: 37397304 PMCID: PMC10311436 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1208786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the influence of task demand on the uni-/bi-hemispheric processing of lexical decision-making. Two types of nonwords were used in parafoveal and foveal lexical decision tasks (LDTs) to manipulate task demand. In Experiment 1, a visual half-field paradigm was utilized to evaluate the unihemispheric strategy in lexical decision, which revealed a significant response bias toward "word" at the RVF/LH in the pseudoword LDT in contrast with the nonword LDT, indicating the strategic use of orthographical legality in LH for word-pseudoword lexical decision. In Experiment 2, the study evaluated whether foveal lexical decision follows the orthographical legality strategy of LH in pseudoword LDT relative to the nonword LDT. The results showed a response bias toward "word" in the foveal pseudoword LDT in contrast with the foveal nonword LDT, suggesting the recruitment of LH in foveal pseudoword LDT. These findings support the left-dominant bihemispheric processing in foveal lexical decision and contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying lexical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyub Kim
- Wisdom Science Center, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kichun Nam
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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24
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Akabalieva K. Eye dominance and minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia: relations between two biological markers of abnormal neurodevelopment. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1145578. [PMID: 37363180 PMCID: PMC10289404 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1145578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the frequency of left eye dominance and minor physical anomalies (MPAs) in schizophrenia patients and control subjects and determine the interrelations of these two biological markers of neuronal dysontogenesis in schizophrenia. Subjects and methods Three tests for eye dominance were administered as performance tasks, not preference questionnaires. Seven MPAs were examined. The sample consisted of 180 (98 schizophrenia patients and 82 control subjects). Several statistical methods for examining the eye tests separately and together were used to assess the difference in left-eyedness between schizophrenia patients and control subjects. Results Left eye dominance is significantly higher in schizophrenia subjects. Left-eyed subjects are more stigmatized with MPAs. There is a strong positive correlation between left-eyedness and stigmatization with MPAs in schizophrenia patients. Conclusion As hand dominance is under cultural pressure, eye dominance is culturally independent and is useful and reliable indicator of altered hemispheric lateralization. The significant positive correlations between left-eyedness and MPAs and the high concurrence of these biological markers in schizophrenia patients are a potent indicator of underlying aberrant neurodevelopment.
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25
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Panoutsakopoulos V, Bassa E. Countermovement Jump Performance Is Related to Ankle Flexibility and Knee Extensors Torque in Female Adolescent Volleyball Athletes. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:76. [PMID: 37367240 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ankle flexibility and isokinetic knee torque/power generating capacity were previously suggested to contribute or to be correlated to the vertical countermovement jump (CMJ) performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the passive ankle joint dorsi flexion (θPDF) and the knee muscle's isokinetic torque and power on the CMJ in adolescent female volleyball players. The θPDF at a knee extension angle of 140 degrees were measured for 37 female post-pubertal volleyball players. Then, the players were assigned to either the flexible (n = 10) or inflexible (n = 14) groups according to earlier recommended criteria. Testing included the CMJ with and without an arm swing, and maximal knee extensions and flexions in 3 angular velocities on an isokinetic dynamometer. CMJ height performed with or without an arm swing (r(22) = 0.563, p = 0.040 and r(22) = 0.518, p = 0.009, respectively) and relative power (r(22) = 0.517, p = 0.010 and r(22) = 0.446, p = 0.030, respectively) were positively correlated with the extensors' torque at 180°/s and were negatively correlated with the flexibility level of the dominant side ankle (r(22) = -0.529, p = 0.008 and r(22) = -0.576, p = 0.030, respectively). A moderate positive correlation was also revealed between the CMJ height with and without an arm swing and the power of the non-dominant knee extensors (r(22) = 0.458, p = 0.024 and r(22) = 0.402, p = 0.049, respectively) and flexors (r(22) = 0.484, p = 0.016 and r(22) = 0.477, p = 0.018, respectively). Results of the 2 × 2 repeated ANOVA measurements revealed that flexible players jumped significantly (p < 0.05) higher during the CMJs, whilst there was a group effect only on the isokinetic knee extensor muscles' torque. In conclusion, a more flexible ankle joint and a higher isokinetic knee extensor's torque generating capacity resulted in higher CMJ performance. Therefore, ankle flexibility should be emphasized in training and is suggested to be included in preseason screening tests of youth female volleyball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilios Panoutsakopoulos
- Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Bassa
- Laboratory of Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, School of Physical Education and Sport Science at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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26
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Olivier B, Boulle N, Jacobs J, Obiora OL, MacMillan C, Liebenberg J, McErlain-Naylor S. Kinematic differences between left- and right-handed cricket fast bowlers during the bowling action. S Afr J Sports Med 2023; 35:v35i1a15144. [PMID: 38249757 PMCID: PMC10798611 DOI: 10.17159/2078-516x/2023/v35i1a15144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite differences between left- and right-handed athletes in other sports, minimal evidence exists regarding biomechanical similarities and differences between left- and right-handed cricket fast bowlers performing an equivalent task. Objectives This study aimed to compare the kinematics between left and right-handed fast bowlers performing an equivalent task (i.e. bowling 'over the wicket' to a batter of the same handedness as the bowler). Methods Full body, three-dimensional kinematic data for six left-handed and 20 right-handed adolescent, male, fast bowlers were collected using the Xsens inertial measurement system. Time-normalised joint and segment angle time histories from back foot contact to follow-through ground contacts were compared between groups via statistical parametric mapping. Whole movement and subphase durations were also compared. Results Left-handed players displayed significantly more trunk flexion from 49%-56% of the total movement (ball release occurred at 54%; p = 0.037) and had shorter back foot contact durations on average (0.153 vs 0.177 s; p = 0.036) compared to right-handed players. Conclusion Left- and right-handed bowlers displayed similar sagittal plane kinematics but appeared to use non-sagittal plane movements differently around the time of ball release. The kinematic differences identified in this study can inform future research investigating the effect of hand dominance on bowling performance and injury risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Olivier
- Wits Cricket Research Hub for Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
South Africa
| | - N Boulle
- Wits Cricket Research Hub for Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
South Africa
| | - J Jacobs
- Wits Cricket Research Hub for Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
South Africa
| | - OL Obiora
- Wits Cricket Research Hub for Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
South Africa
| | - C MacMillan
- Sport Exercise Medicine and Lifestyle Institute (SEMLI), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria,
South Africa
| | - J Liebenberg
- Wits Cricket Research Hub for Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
South Africa
| | - S McErlain-Naylor
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University,
United Kingdom
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27
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Abuduaini Y, Pu Y, Thompson PM, Kong XZ. Significant heterogeneity in structural asymmetry of the habenula in the human brain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2023. [PMID: 37195040 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the evolutionarily conserved feature of functional laterality in the habenula has been attracting attention due to its potential role in human cognition and neuropsychiatric disorders. Deciphering the structure of the human habenula remains to be challenging, which resulted in inconsistent findings for brain disorders. Here, we present a large-scale meta-analysis of the left-right differences in the habenular volume in the human brain to provide a clearer picture of the habenular asymmetry. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles that reported volume data of the bilateral habenula in the human brain, and assessed the left-right differences. We also assessed the potential effects of several moderating variables including the mean age of the participants, magnetic field strengths of the scanners and different disorders by using meta-regression and subgroup analysis. In total 52 datasets (N = 1427) were identified and showed significant heterogeneity in the left-right differences and the unilateral volume per se. Moderator analyses suggested that such heterogeneity was mainly due to different MRI scanners and segmentation approaches used. While inversed asymmetry patterns were suggested in patients with depression (leftward) and schizophrenia (rightward), no significant disorder-related differences relative to healthy controls were found in either the left-right asymmetry or the unilateral volume. This study provides useful data for future studies of brain imaging and methodological developments related to precision habenula measurements, and also helps to further understand potential roles of the habenula in various disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilamujiang Abuduaini
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Pu
- Department of Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiang-Zhen Kong
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Psychiatry of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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28
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Cutia CA, Leverton LK, Christian-Hinman CA. Sex and estrous cycle stage shape left-right asymmetry in chronic hippocampal seizures in mice. eNeuro 2023:ENEURO.0041-23.2023. [PMID: 37248046 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0041-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lateralization of hippocampal function is indicated by varied outcomes of patients with neurological disorders that selectively affect one hemisphere of this structure, such as temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The intrahippocampal kainic acid (IHKA) injection model of TLE allows for targeted damage to the left or right hippocampus, enabling systematic comparison of effects of left-right asymmetry on seizure and non-seizure outcomes. Although varying non-seizure phenotypic outcomes based on injection side in dorsal hippocampus were recently evaluated in this model, differences in chronic seizure patterns in left- (IHKA-L) vs. right-injected (IHKA-R) IHKA animals have yet to be evaluated. Here, we assessed hippocampal seizure incidence in male and female IHKA-L and IHKA-R mice. Females displayed increased electrographic seizure activity compared to males at both 2 and 4 months post-injection. In addition, IHKA-L females showed higher seizure frequency than IHKA-R on diestrus and estrus at 2 months post-injection, but seizure duration and percent time in seizures were only higher in IHKA-L females on diestrus. These cycle stage-associated changes, however, did not persist to 4 months post-injection. Furthermore, this lateralized difference in seizure burden was not observed in males. These results indicate for the first time that the side of IHKA injection can shape chronic electrographic seizure burden. Overall, these results demonstrate a female-specific left-right asymmetry in hippocampal function can interact with estrous cycle stage to shape chronic seizures in mice with epilepsy, with implications for neural activity and behavior in both normal and disease states.Significance StatementSeizures in temporal lobe epilepsy often originate in the hippocampus, and patient outcomes can depend on whether the seizures initiate in the left or right hippocampus. Although rodent brain function appears less lateralized than in humans, emerging evidence indicates stronger lateralization of hippocampal function in mice than previously thought. Here, we systematically compared chronic epilepsy profiles in mice based on whether left or right hippocampus is the main site of seizure generation. Males did not show a left-right asymmetry in epilepsy severity, but females showed effects of seizure initiation side that varied with estrous cycle stage. These results thus suggest a female-specific lateralization of hippocampal function can interact with the estrous cycle to shape chronic seizures in mice with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathryn A Cutia
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
| | - Leanna K Leverton
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
| | - Catherine A Christian-Hinman
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801 USA
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29
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Huo J, Du F, Duan K, Yin G, Liu X, Ma Q, Dong D, Sun M, Hao M, Su D, Huang T, Ke J, Lai S, Zhang Z, Guo C, Sun Y, Cheng L. Identification of brain-to-spinal circuits controlling the laterality and duration of mechanical allodynia in mice. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112300. [PMID: 36952340 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical allodynia (MA) represents one prevalent symptom of chronic pain. Previously we and others have identified spinal and brain circuits that transmit or modulate the initial establishment of MA. However, brain-derived descending pathways that control the laterality and duration of MA are still poorly understood. Here we report that the contralateral brain-to-spinal circuits, from Oprm1 neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (lPBNOprm1), via Pdyn neurons in the dorsal medial regions of hypothalamus (dmHPdyn), to the spinal dorsal horn (SDH), act to prevent nerve injury from inducing contralateral MA and reduce the duration of bilateral MA induced by capsaicin. Ablating/silencing dmH-projecting lPBNOprm1 neurons or SDH-projecting dmHPdyn neurons, deleting Dyn peptide from dmH, or blocking spinal κ-opioid receptors all led to long-lasting bilateral MA. Conversely, activation of dmHPdyn neurons or their axonal terminals in SDH can suppress sustained bilateral MA induced by lPBN lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Huo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feng Du
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kaifang Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guangjuan Yin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Quan Ma
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dong Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mengge Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mei Hao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dongmei Su
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianwen Huang
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jin Ke
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shishi Lai
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuanjie Sun
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Longzhen Cheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Biology, Brain Research Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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30
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Elbasan O, Ilgın C, Gogas Yavuz D. Does total tumour diameter, multifocality, number of tumour foci, or laterality predict lymph node metastasis or recurrence in differentiated thyroid cancer? Endokrynol Pol 2023; 74:153-167. [PMID: 37039491 DOI: 10.5603/ep.a2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data regarding laterality, focality, or total tumour diameter (TTD) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) are limited. We aimed to investigate the impact of focality, TTD, number of tumour foci, or laterality on aggressive features in PTC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients were categorized based on maximum tumour diameter (MTD) (≤ 10 vs. > 10 mm), focality, laterality, or the number of tumour foci (1/2/ ≥ 3). We also categorized the patients as follows: Group 1, unifocal microcarcinoma (MTD ≤ 10/TTD ≤ 10 mm); Group 2, multifocal microcarcinoma (MTD ≤ 10/TTD ≤ 10 mm); Group 3, multifocal microcarcinoma (MTD ≤ 10/TTD > 10 mm); Group 4, unifocal macrocarcinoma (MTD > 10/TTD > 10 mm); Group 5, multifocal macrocarcinoma (MTD > 10/TTD > 10 mm). RESULTS The mean diagnosis age (n = 511) was 44.7 (± 12.7) years, the majority of the patients were < 55 years old (n = 310) and female (n = 416). An increasing number of tumour foci were associated with a higher MTD or TTD, a higher ratio of extrathyroidal extension (ETE), vascular or lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis (LNM) or distant metastasis, or the need for radioactive iodine (RAI). There was no difference in the parameters between Group 3 and Group 2, or Group 4. Vascular invasion, American Thyroid Association high risk, LNM at diagnosis, and RAI total dose were higher in Group 5 than in Group 3. Microscopic or macroscopic ETE, T1b, and T4a were positive predictors for recurrence. Male sex, multifocality, number of tumour foci (≥ 3), MTD (> 10 mm), TTD (> 10 mm), Group 5, microscopic or macroscopic ETE, lymphatic or vascular invasion, RAI need, T2, and T4b were positive predictors for LNM. CONCLUSION MTD and TTD increase the risk of LNM but not the recurrence in PTC. TTD, multifocality, and bilaterality can be considered risk factors in PTC staging systems and risk calculators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Elbasan
- Clinics of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sinop Ataturk State Hospital Central/Sinop, Sinop, Türkiye.
| | - Can Ilgın
- Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health Division, Sirnak Province Health Directory, Turkish Ministry of Health, Şırnak, Türkiye
| | - Dilek Gogas Yavuz
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Samuel OM, Igado O, Adekanmbi AJ. Compromised bi laterality in the small African pangolin ( Phataginus tricuspis) - An expression of or compensation for developmental errors; asymmetry, elliptical Fourier analyses and modularity. Laterality 2023:1-26. [PMID: 36856607 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2023.2181068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a postnatal evaluation of skull developmental signaling in small African pangolin emphasizing structural, and cognitive trend in ontogeny for assessment of developmental instability, proper identification and classification, forty digitally processed skulls and foramen magnum from different geo-locations were assessed for asymmetry, foramen magnum shape and modularity using geometric and Elliptical Fourier analyses. Multivariate analysis of regression demonstrated low (p < 0.5) but directional fluctuating asymmetry (F1539 = 3.4045, F882 = 3.2665, dorsal and ventral views). Allometric trajectories followed rostrocaudal, caudolateral directions; Intercepts for shape/size predictions were parallel. Mahalanobis distances between centroids (2.42) were significant (p < 0.01). The variance-covariance matrix in ontogeny lies between 0.0017 and 0.56. Foramen magnum outline descriptors by incremental harmonics revealed first 4 effective PCs defined 96.98% of shape properties and 3.02% constituted finerdetails. 74.1% accuracy decline after size factor elimination. Modulation PCA of covariance matrix and asymmetry component was 88.38% and 7.48% (PC1 and 2), respectively, the variance % predicted 10.08%. The studied samples confirmed 'handedness' and fluctuating asymmetries. Foramen magnum shape assumed priority over size in ontogeny with profound asymmetry (from the 5th harmonic), suggestive of compensations to lateralization in neural integration modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Michael Samuel
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Olumayowa Igado
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - A Joan Adekanmbi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,School of Health and Wellness, Bow Valley College, Calgary, Canada
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Simor P, Bogdány T, Sifuentes-Ortega R, Rovai A, Peigneux P. Lateralized tactile stimulation during NREM sleep globally increases both slow and fast frequency activities. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14191. [PMID: 36153813 PMCID: PMC10078489 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Slow frequency activity during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep emerges from synchronized activity of widely distributed thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical networks, reflecting homeostatic and restorative properties of sleep. Slow frequency activity exhibits a reactive nature, and can be increased by acoustic stimulation. Although non-invasive brain stimulation is a promising technique in basic and clinical sleep research, sensory stimulation studies focusing on modalities other than the acoustic are scarce. We explored here the potential of lateralized vibro-tactile stimulation (VTS) of the finger to locally modify electroencephalographic activity during nocturnal NREM sleep. Eight seconds-long sequences of vibro-tactile pulses were delivered at a rate of 1 Hz either to the left or to the right index finger, in addition to a sham condition, in fourteen healthy participants. VTS markedly increased slow frequency activity that peaked between 1-4 Hz but extended to higher (~13 Hz) frequencies, with fronto-central dominance. Enhanced slow frequency activity was accompanied by increased (14-22 Hz) fast frequency power peaking over central and posterior locations. VTS increased the amplitude of slow waves, especially during the first 3-4 s of stimulation. Noticeably, we did not observe local-hemispheric effects, that is, VTS resulted in a global cortical response regardless of stimulation laterality. VTS moderately increased slow and fast frequency activities in resting wakefulness, to a much lower extent compared to NREM sleep. The concomitant increase in slow and fast frequency activities in response to VTS indicates an instant homeostatic response coupled with wake-like, high-frequency activity potentially reflecting transient periods of increased environmental processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Simor
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,UR2NF, Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN-Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Brussels, Belgium.,UNI-ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tamás Bogdány
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,UR2NF, Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN-Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Brussels, Belgium.,Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rebeca Sifuentes-Ortega
- UR2NF, Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN-Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Brussels, Belgium.,UNI-ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antonin Rovai
- UNI-ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CUB-Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB-Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Peigneux
- UR2NF, Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit at CRCN-Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences, Brussels, Belgium.,UNI-ULB Neurosciences Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Barber AT, Shapiro AJ, Davis SD, Ferkol TW, Atkinson JJ, Sagel SD, Dell SD, Olivier KN, Milla CE, Rosenfeld M, Li L, Lin FC, Sullivan KM, Capps NA, Zariwala MA, Knowles MR, Leigh MW. Laterality Defects in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: Relationship to Ultrastructural Defect or Genotype. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:397-405. [PMID: 36342963 PMCID: PMC9993158 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202206-487oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The association between organ laterality abnormalities and ciliary ultrastructural defect or genotype in primary ciliary dyskinesia is poorly understood. Objectives: To determine if there is an association between presence and/or type of laterality abnormality and ciliary ultrastructural defect or genotype. Methods: Participants with primary ciliary dyskinesia in a multicenter, prospective study were grouped based on ciliary ultrastructural defect or genotype. In a retrospective analysis of these data, the association of ciliary ultrastructural defect or genotype and likelihood of a laterality abnormality was evaluated by logistic regression adjusted for presence of two loss-of-function versus one or more not-loss-of-function variants. Results: Of 559 participants, 286 (51.2%), 215 (38.5%), and 58 (10.4%) were identified as having situs solitus, situs inversustotalis, and situs ambiguus, respectively; heterotaxy, defined as situs ambiguus with complex cardiovascular defects, was present in 14 (2.5%). Compared with the group with inner dynein arm defects with microtubular disorganization, laterality defects were more likely in the outer dynein arm defects group (odds ratio [OR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-3.54; P < 0.01) and less likely in the normal/near normal ultrastructure group (OR, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.013-0.151; P < 0.01). Heterotaxy was present in 11 of 242 (4.5%) in the outer dynein arm defects group but 0 of 96 in the inner dynein arm defects with microtubular disorganization group (P = 0.038). Conclusion: In primary ciliary dyskinesia, risk of a laterality abnormality differs by ciliary ultrastructural defect. Pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying these differences require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam J. Shapiro
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Jeffrey J. Atkinson
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Scott D. Sagel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sharon D. Dell
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kenneth N. Olivier
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carlos E. Milla
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Margaret Rosenfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington; and
| | - Lang Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Feng-Chang Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | - Margaret W. Leigh
- Marsico Lung Institute
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Yagi H, Lo CW. Left-Sided Heart Defects and Laterality Disturbance in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10030099. [PMID: 36975863 PMCID: PMC10054755 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10030099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a complex congenital heart disease characterized by hypoplasia of left-sided heart structures. The developmental basis for restriction of defects to the left side of the heart in HLHS remains unexplained. The observed clinical co-occurrence of rare organ situs defects such as biliary atresia, gut malrotation, or heterotaxy with HLHS would suggest possible laterality disturbance. Consistent with this, pathogenic variants in genes regulating left-right patterning have been observed in HLHS patients. Additionally, Ohia HLHS mutant mice show splenic defects, a phenotype associated with heterotaxy, and HLHS in Ohia mice arises in part from mutation in Sap130, a component of the Sin3A chromatin complex known to regulate Lefty1 and Snai1, genes essential for left-right patterning. Together, these findings point to laterality disturbance mediating the left-sided heart defects associated with HLHS. As laterality disturbance is also observed for other CHD, this suggests that heart development integration with left-right patterning may help to establish the left-right asymmetry of the cardiovascular system essential for efficient blood oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Yagi
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
| | - Cecilia W Lo
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15201, USA
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Albaladejo-García C, Moreno FJ, García-Aguilar F, Caballero C. One-Leg Stance Postural Sway Is Not Benefited by Bicycle Motocross Practice in Elite Riders. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8. [PMID: 36810509 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Balance has been positioned as an important performance skill in sport. Differences in postural control have been found between levels of expertise. However, this statement remains unanswered in some cyclic sports. This work aimed to describe the one-leg balance performance of a sample of elite BMX riders-racing and freestyle-compared to a control group formed by recreational athletes. The center of pressure (COP) of nineteen international BMX riders (freestyle, n = 7; racing, n = 12) and twenty physically active adults was analyzed in a 30-s one-leg stance test on both legs. COP dispersion and velocity variables were analyzed. Non-linear dynamics of postural sway were evaluated through Fuzzy Entropy and Detrended Fluctuation Analysis. BMX athletes did not show differences between legs in any of the variables. The control group did show differences between the dominant and non-dominant leg in the magnitude of variability of the COP in the mediolateral axis. Group comparison revealed non-significant differences. International BMX athletes did not show better balance parameters than the control group in a one-leg stance balance task. The adaptations derived from BMX practice do not have a significant impact in one-leg stance balance performance.
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Jacobs PJ, Oosthuizen MK. Laterality in the Damaraland Mole-Rat: Insights from a Eusocial Mammal. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040627. [PMID: 36830415 PMCID: PMC9951763 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lateralization is the functional control of certain behaviors in the brain being processed by either the left or right hemisphere. Behavioral asymmetries can occur at an individual and population level, although population-level lateralization is less common amongst solitary species, whereas social species can benefit more from aligning and coordinating their activities. We assessed laterality (individual and population) through turning biases in the eusocial Damaraland mole rat, Fukomys damarensis. We considered factors such as breeding status (queen or subordinate), environment (wild-caught or captive), sex (male or female), colony and body mass. All individuals together demonstrated significant left-turning biases, which was also significant at the population level. Wild-caught animals were more strongly lateralized, had a wider spread over a laterality index and lacked the population-level left-turning bias as compared to captive mole rats. Subordinate animals were more lateralized than queens, demonstrating social status differences in turning biases for social mole rats. This emphasizes the importance of animal handling and context when measuring and interpreting behavioral asymmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Jacobs
- Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
- Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria K. Oosthuizen
- Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
- Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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James O, Sabo VY, Adamson OO, Otoghile B, Adekunle AA, Adeyemo WL, Ladeinde AL, Ogunlewe MO. Presentation and Management of Atypical Orofacial Clefts: A Single-Institution Experience for 13 Year Period. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023; 60:133-141. [PMID: 34787018 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211055012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reviews the craniofacial clefts that presented at a Nigerian tertiary health facility, highlighting our experience with the pattern of presentation and surgical care of these patients. A retrospective review of the smile train database and medical records of all individuals who had been diagnosed with any of the Tessier craniofacial clefts and managed between 1st January 2007 and 31st December 2020 was done. The data were presented as numbers and percentages of cases. The cleft clinic of a tertiary health facility and a major cleft referral center in South-West Nigeria. Forty-five patients with craniofacial clefts were managed over the study period. 15.6% had associated syndromes, 2.2% had a family history of similar craniofacial cleft and 11% had a history of a possible teratogen. There were 21 (46.7%) middle clefts, 14(31.1%) lateral clefts and 10(22.2%) oblique clefts. The most common type of cleft was Tessier 0 while the Tessier 6 was the least common type. The median age at surgery was 10 months for male and 5months for female subjects, 15.3% complication rate was found in this study. Four patients had revision surgeries to correct residual deformities in this study. The diverse presentations and occurrence of the rare craniofacial clefts present complex aesthetic and functional problems that require individualized often multidisciplinary care. The execution of a properly planned treatment will reduce complications and the need for revision surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- O James
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, 98002University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 291389Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - V Y Sabo
- Department of Surgery, 291366University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - O O Adamson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, 98002University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - B Otoghile
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Federal Medical Centre Yenegoa, Yenegoa, Nigeria
| | - A A Adekunle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 291389Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - W L Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, 98002University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 291389Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A L Ladeinde
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, 98002University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 291389Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - M O Ogunlewe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, 98002University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 291389Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
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Hussain S, Durrani F, Khan A. Frequency and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Among Breast Cancer Patients Presenting to Medical Oncology Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan. Cureus 2023; 15:e34581. [PMID: 36883091 PMCID: PMC9985817 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting females. The outcomes of this study will aid future research and policy suggestions by giving a rapid local burden and clinicopathologic profile of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Oncology, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Pakistan, from April 21, 2022, to October 21, 2022. The sample size was 120 using a 95% confidence level, 18.7% proportion of TNBC frequency in patients with breast cancer, and 7% absolute precision. All patients who presented with newly diagnosed breast cancer and were between the ages of 30-60 years were included in the study. The study excluded male patients and patients with a history of surgical intervention on the breast during the previous six months. RESULTS A total of 120 patients were evaluated. Age ranged between 30-60 years with a mean age of 45 years. Thirty-four (28%) patients were in the age range of 30-45 years and 86 (72%) patients were in the age range of 46-60 years. Fifty-six (47%) patients had BMI ≤27 kg/m2 while 64 (53%) had BMI >27 kg/m2. The use of oral contraceptives was noted in 25 (21%) patients. A total of 62 (52%) patients had breast cancer on the right side while 58 (48%) had it on the left side. CONCLUSION According to the results of our study, 14% of breast cancer patients had triple-negative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Hussain
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Fakeeda Durrani
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Asif Khan
- Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK
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Serrien DJ, O'Regan L. Attention and Interhemispheric Communication: Implications for Language Dominance. Neuroscience 2023; 510:21-31. [PMID: 36521590 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dominance of the left hemisphere for language processing is a prominent feature of brain organisation. Whereas structural models clarify the functional asymmetry due to direct access to local language circuits, dynamic models propose functional states of intrahemispheric activation and interhemispheric inhibition that are coupled with attentional processes. Real word settings often require modulations of lateralised neural processing and further express individual heterogeneity. In this research, we tested left- and right-handers, and used a behavioural paradigm with presentation of lateralised cue-target pairs to the same or opposite visual field. We observed that handedness distinctly affected word processing in the left hemisphere following contralateral cueing. Moreover, left-hemispheric dominance strengthened for right-handers vs abolished for left-handers, influencing behavioural efficiency. In combination with eye dominance recordings, these data suggest that attentional biases guided the processing strategies of both groups and in turn their achievements. Therefore, hand and eye dominance are both essential factors with a functional role in directing the communication of visual information between both hemispheres. Overall, the findings underline the importance of interacting hand-eye control systems in contributing to interhemispheric patterns in the context of language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise O'Regan
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Coutinho AM, Ghilardi MG, Campos ACP, Etchebehere E, Fonoff FC, Cury RG, Pagano RL, Martinez RCR, Fonoff ET. Does TRODAT-1 SPECT Uptake Correlate with Cerebrospinal Fluid α-Synuclein Levels in Mid-Stage Parkinson's Disease? Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020296. [PMID: 36830833 PMCID: PMC9952987 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons with impaired motor and non-motor symptoms. It has been suggested that motor asymmetry could be caused due to an imbalance in dopamine levels, as visualized by dopamine transporter single emission computed tomography test (DAT-SPECT), which might be related to indirect measures of neurodegeneration, evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) and α-synuclein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Therefore, this study aimed to understand the correlation between disease laterality, DAT-SPECT, cognition, and α-synuclein levels in PD. METHODS A total of 28 patients in the moderate-advanced stage of PD were subjected to neurological evaluation, TRODAT-1-SPECT/CT imaging, MOCA, and quantification of the levels of α-synuclein. RESULTS We found that α-synuclein in the CSF was correlated with global cognition (positive correlation, r2 = 0.3, p = 0.05) and DAT-SPECT concentration in the putamen (positive correlation, r2 = 0.4, p = 0.005), and striatum (positive correlation, r2 = 0.2, p = 0.03), thus working as a neurodegenerative biomarker. No other correlations were found between DAT-SPECT, CSF α-synuclein, and cognition, thus suggesting that they may be lost with disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlight the importance of understanding the dysfunction of the dopaminergic system in the basal ganglia and its complex interactions in modulating cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur M. Coutinho
- Division of Neuroscience, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Sao Paulo 01308-060, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM 43), Department of Radiology and Oncology, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-010, SP, Brazil
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Sao Paulo 01308-050, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Ghilardi
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-010, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Elba Etchebehere
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C. Fonoff
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens G. Cury
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosana L. Pagano
- Division of Neuroscience, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Sao Paulo 01308-060, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel C. R. Martinez
- Division of Neuroscience, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Sao Paulo 01308-060, SP, Brazil
- LIM/23—Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-903, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Erich T. Fonoff
- Division of Neuroscience, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Sao Paulo 01308-060, SP, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-010, SP, Brazil
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Baumard J, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Laurent L, Jarry C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Meaningless imitation in neurodegenerative diseases: Effects of body part, bimanual imitation, asymmetry, and body midline crossing. Cogn Neuropsychol 2023; 39:227-248. [PMID: 36622117 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2022.2164487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Visuo-imitative apraxia has been consistently reported in patients with dementia, yet there have been substantial methodological differences between studies, while multiple, sometimes competing hypotheses have been put forward to explain this syndrome. Our goals were to study specific imitation deficits in groups of patients who have been selected and assigned to a group solely based on clinical criteria. We tested the effects of body part, bimanual imitation, asymmetry of the model, and body midline crossing, in patients with cortical atrophy of the temporal lobes (semantic dementia, SD), frontal-parietal networks (FPN, i.e., posterior cortical atrophy and corticobasal syndrome) or both (Alzheimer's disease, AD). Sixty-three patients and 32 healthy controls were asked to imitate 45 meaningless finger/hand, uni-/bimanual, asymmetrical/symmetrical, and crossed/uncrossed postures. SD patients had subnormal imitation scores. FPN patients showed frequent and marked deficits in most conditions, better performance with hand than finger postures (probably because of visuo-constructive deficits), and better performance with uncrossed than crossed configurations (probably because of body schema disorganization). Bimanual configurations were difficult for AD patients, not because of bimanual activity in itself, but rather because of the complexity of the model. The finding of dissociations in 34/63 cases (54%) suggests that some patients, even within the same clinical category, can have variable performance in imitation tests as a function of the abovementioned factors. Clinicians are advised to use tests with a large array of items to properly capture patients' imitation skills. This provides a new basis for future research to unpack which neurocognitive mechanisms are disrupted to cause specific patterns of impaired imitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Laetitia Laurent
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France.,Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France.,Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France.,Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
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Kieson E, Goma AA, Radi M. Tend and Befriend in Horses: Partner Preferences, Lateralization, and Contextualization of Allogrooming in Two Socially Stable Herds of Quarter Horse Mares. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020225. [PMID: 36670764 PMCID: PMC9854972 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies show that horses express favoritism through shared proximity and time and demonstrate unique affiliative behaviors such as allogrooming (mutual scratching) with favorite conspecifics. Allogrooming also occurs more frequently during stress and has been observed to occur more frequently in domestic herds than feral. The role of partner preference, lateralization, and duration of allogrooming as measures of social bonding has remained unclear. The present study looked at two socially stable herds of mares (n = 85, n = 115) to determine the frequency, duration, visual field of view and partner preference during allogrooming in both pasture settings (low stress) and confined settings (higher stress). One hundred and fifty-three videos for both herds were coded for allogrooming behaviors with 6.86 h recorded in confined conditions and 31.9 h in pasture settings. Six allogrooming sessions were observed in the pasture setting with an average duration of 163.11 s. In confined settings, a total of 118 allogrooming sessions were observed with an average duration of 40.98 s. Significant (p < 0.01) differences were found between settings for duration (s), number of allogrooming pairs, and frequency of allogrooming (per min) for each herd. All observed allogrooming sessions involved pairs of favored conspecifics (one partner per horse). The current study suggests that horses may have friendships that can be observed through the demonstration of specific affiliative behaviors during times of stress with more frequent, but shorter affiliative interactions with preferred partners during times of stress. This context suggests that horses adhere to the “tend and befriend” principles of friendship in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kieson
- Department of Research, Equine International, Boston, MA 02120, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Amira A. Goma
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21944, Egypt
| | - Medhat Radi
- Department of Pest Physiology Research, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12311, Egypt
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Schiffmann C, Hellriegel L, Clauss M, Brother Stefan, Knibbs K, Wenker C, Hård T, Galeffi C. From left to right all through the night: Characteristics of lying rest in zoo elephants. Zoo Biol 2023; 42:17-25. [PMID: 35363895 PMCID: PMC10083898 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite increased research during the past years, many characteristics of resting behavior in elephants are still unknown. For example, there is only limited data suggesting elephants express longer lying bouts and increased total nightly lying durations on soft substrates as compared to hard surfaces. Additionally, it has not been investigated how frequently elephants change body sides between lying bouts. Here we present these characteristics based on observations of nighttime lying behavior in 10 zoo elephants (5 African Loxodonta africana and 5 Asian Elephas maximus elephants) living in five different European facilities. We found that elephants housed on soft substrates have significantly increased total lying durations per night and longer average lying bouts. Furthermore, at 70%-85% of all bouts, a consistently higher frequency of side change between lying bouts occurred on soft substrates, leading to an overall equal laterality in resting behavior. Deviations from this pattern became evident in elephants living on nonsand flooring or/and in nondominant individuals of nonfamily groups, respectively. Based on our findings, we consider elephants to normally have several lying bouts per night with frequent side changes, given an appropriate substrate and healthy social environment. We encourage elephant-keeping facilities to monitor these characteristics in their elephants' nighttime behavior to determine opportunities for further improvements and detect alterations putatively indicating social or health problems in individual elephants at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcus Clauss
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Caspar KR, Pallasdies F, Mader L, Sartorelli H, Begall S. The evolution and biological correlates of hand preferences in anthropoid primates. eLife 2022; 11:e77875. [PMID: 36454207 PMCID: PMC9714969 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of human right-handedness has been intensively debated for decades. Manual lateralization patterns in non-human primates have the potential to elucidate evolutionary determinants of human handedness, but restricted species samples and inconsistent methodologies have so far limited comparative phylogenetic studies. By combining original data with published literature reports, we assembled data on hand preferences for standardized object manipulation in 1786 individuals from 38 species of anthropoid primates, including monkeys, apes, and humans. Based on that, we employ quantitative phylogenetic methods to test prevalent hypotheses on the roles of ecology, brain size, and tool use in primate handedness evolution. We confirm that human right-handedness represents an unparalleled extreme among anthropoids and found taxa displaying population-level handedness to be rare. Species-level direction of manual lateralization was largely uniform among non-human primates and did not strongly correlate with any of the selected biological predictors, nor with phylogeny. In contrast, we recovered highly variable patterns of hand preference strength, which show signatures of both ecology and phylogeny. In particular, terrestrial primates tend to display weaker hand preferences than arboreal species. These results challenge popular ideas on primate handedness evolution, including the postural origins hypothesis. Furthermore, they point to a potential adaptive benefit of disparate lateralization strength in primates, a measure of hand preference that has often been overlooked in the past. Finally, our data show that human lateralization patterns do not align with trends found among other anthropoids, suggesting that unique selective pressures gave rise to the unusual hand preferences of our species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai R Caspar
- Department of General Zoology, University of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life SciencesPrahaCzech Republic
| | - Fabian Pallasdies
- Institute for Theoretical Biology, Department of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Larissa Mader
- Department of General Zoology, University of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
| | | | - Sabine Begall
- Department of General Zoology, University of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany
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Persichetti AS, Shao J, Gotts SJ, Martin A. Maladaptive Laterality in Cortical Networks Related to Social Communication in Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Neurosci 2022; 42:9045-9052. [PMID: 36257690 PMCID: PMC9732822 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1229-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) consistently find an aberrant pattern of reduced laterality in brain networks that support functions related to social communication and language. However, it is unclear how the underlying functional organization of these brain networks is altered in ASD individuals. We tested four models of reduced laterality in a social communication network in 70 ASD individuals (14 females) and a control group of the same number of tightly matched typically developing (TD) individuals (19 females) using high-quality resting-state fMRI data and a method of measuring patterns of functional laterality across the brain. We found that a functionally defined social communication network exhibited the typical pattern of left laterality in both groups, whereas there was a significant increase in within- relative to across-hemisphere connectivity of homotopic regions in the right hemisphere in ASD individuals. Furthermore, greater within- relative to across-hemisphere connectivity in the left hemisphere was positively correlated with a measure of verbal ability in both groups, whereas greater within- relative to across-hemisphere connectivity in the right hemisphere in ASD, but not TD, individuals was negatively correlated with the same verbal measure. Crucially, these differences in patterns of laterality were not found in two other functional networks and were specifically correlated to a measure of verbal ability but not metrics of other core components of the ASD phenotype. These results suggest that previous reports of reduced laterality in social communication regions in ASD is because of the two hemispheres functioning more independently than seen in TD individuals, with the atypical right-hemisphere network component being maladaptive.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A consistent neuroimaging finding in individuals with ASD is an aberrant pattern of reduced laterality of the brain networks that support functions related to social communication and language. We tested four models of reduced laterality in a social communication network in ASD individuals and a TD control group using high-quality resting-state fMRI data. Our results suggest that reduced laterality of social communication regions in ASD may be because of the two hemispheres functioning more independently than seen in TD individuals, with atypically greater within- than across-hemisphere connectivity in the right hemisphere being maladaptive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Persichetti
- Section on Cognitive Neuropsychology, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Jiayu Shao
- Section on Cognitive Neuropsychology, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Stephen J Gotts
- Section on Cognitive Neuropsychology, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Alex Martin
- Section on Cognitive Neuropsychology, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Thompson PA, Watkins KE, Woodhead ZVJ, Bishop DVM. Generalized models for quantifying laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:35-48. [PMID: 36377321 PMCID: PMC9783456 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We consider how analysis of brain lateralization using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound (fTCD) data can be brought in line with modern statistical methods typically used in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Conventionally, a laterality index is computed in fTCD from the difference between the averages of each hemisphere's signal within a period of interest (POI) over a series of trials. We demonstrate use of generalized linear models (GLMs) and generalized additive models (GAM) to analyze data from individual participants in three published studies (N = 154, 73 and 31), and compare this with results from the conventional POI averaging approach, and with laterality assessed using fMRI (N = 31). The GLM approach was based on classic fMRI analysis that includes a hemodynamic response function as a predictor; the GAM approach estimated the response function from the data, including a term for time relative to epoch start (simple GAM), plus a categorical index corresponding to individual epochs (complex GAM). Individual estimates of the fTCD laterality index are similar across all methods, but error of measurement is lowest using complex GAM. Reliable identification of cases of bilateral language appears to be more accurate with complex GAM. We also show that the GAM-based approach can be used to efficiently analyze more complex designs that incorporate interactions between tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Thompson
- Department of Experimental PsychologyAnna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory QuarterOxfordUK,Present address:
Centre for Educational Development, Appraisal and Research (CEDAR)University of WarwickCoventryUK
| | - Kate E. Watkins
- Department of Experimental PsychologyAnna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory QuarterOxfordUK
| | - Zoe V. J. Woodhead
- Department of Experimental PsychologyAnna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory QuarterOxfordUK
| | - Dorothy V. M. Bishop
- Department of Experimental PsychologyAnna Watts Building, Radcliffe Observatory QuarterOxfordUK
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Talisman R, Arnon O, Weinberger A. Facial asymmetry, the right-side dominance: A retrospective analysis of 315 consecutive series of patients. JPRAS Open 2022; 35:18-23. [PMID: 36593865 PMCID: PMC9804005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asymmetry of the face is a common finding that has been discussed in a variety of fields including art, poetry, philosophy, and medicine. In the surgical literature, facial asymmetry in general and the laterality of this observation were described mostly as a casual note, without profound discussion. In our study, we hypothesis that facial asymmetry in the normal unbiased population has a unique laterality appearance. Patients and methods A consecutive series of 315 patients were included in the study, and all had anterior facial digital pictures taken in the same technique and loaded onto Image-J Software™. Four measurements were taken from the midline, to the right and left sides, to the Zygoma point in the middle face, and to the Gonion point in the lower face. The results given by pixels were loaded onto an excel sheet, office 2016 software™, and processed and analyzed by SPSS software™. Results Using the paired t-test, the middle and lower thirds of the face on the right side had a significant dominance size wise with p-values of < 0.019 and < 0.039, respectively. Conclusion Our study results support our main hypothesis and strongly demonstrate right side, size wise, and dominance in the middle and lower face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Talisman
- Corresponding author. Ran Talisman, MD, Director of Plastic Surgery Unit, The Barzilai University Hospital Medical Center, Hahistadrout St 2, Ashkelon, Israel 7830604, Phone number: +972 (8) 6746164
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Jarvis DM, Pope EC, Duteil M, Fürtbauer I, Brown MR, Davis RJ, King AJ. Elevated CO 2 does not alter behavioural lateralization in free-swimming juvenile European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) tested in groups. J Fish Biol 2022; 101:1361-1365. [PMID: 35906859 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The authors investigated left-right turning preferences of n = 260 juvenile European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) reared in ambient conditions and ocean acidification (OA) conditions or in ambient conditions but tested in OA water. Groups of 10 individuals were observed alone in a circular tank, and individuals' left and right turning during free-swimming was quantified using trajectory data from the video. The authors showed that near-future OA levels do not affect the number of turns made, or behavioural lateralization (turning preference), in juvenile D. labrax tested in groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic M Jarvis
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Edward C Pope
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Mathieu Duteil
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Constance, Germany
| | - Ines Fürtbauer
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - M Rowan Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Richard J Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Andrew J King
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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Pfeifer LS, Heyers K, Berretz G, Metzen D, Packheiser J, Ocklenburg S. Broadening the scope: Increasing phenotype diversity in laterality research. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:1048388. [PMID: 36386787 PMCID: PMC9650052 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1048388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Sophie Pfeifer
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Faculty for Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Katrin Heyers
- Department of Biopsychology, Faculty for Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Experimental Psychology II and Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology, School of Human Sciences, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Gesa Berretz
- Department of Biopsychology, Faculty for Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dorothea Metzen
- Department of Biopsychology, Faculty for Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julian Packheiser
- Social Brain Lab, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Ocklenburg
- Department of Biopsychology, Faculty for Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Psychology, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Arai S, Kato C, Watari I, Ono T. Does Orthodontic Treatment Change the Preferred Chewing Side of Patients with Malocclusion? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216343. [PMID: 36362571 PMCID: PMC9657436 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether orthodontic treatment can change the preferred chewing side (PCS) is unknown. This study examined (1) if the PCS changes after orthodontic treatment and (2) which factors contribute to this change. Two hundred fifty patients who visited the orthodontic clinic at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital between 2017 and 2020 were included in the study. Mandibular kinesiograph (MKG) was taken at pre- and post-treatment, and PCS was determined. Patients who showed a change in PCS to the opposite side and those who showed no change in PCS at post-treatment were pooled into the PCS-changed and PCS-unchanged groups, respectively. The demographic, clinical, and cephalometric parameters were compared between the groups. Significant factors associated with changes in were of age < 20 years at the beginning of orthodontic treatment (odds ratio (OR), 2.00), maximum lateral mandibular movement to PCS ≥ 10.0 mm at pre-treatment (OR, 6.51), and change in occlusal canting of ≥1.0° (OR, 2.72). The predicted probability of change in PCS was 13.2%, 36.0%, and 67.5% for no factor, one factor, and two factors associated with PCS change, respectively. Orthodontic treatment may change PCS due to patient age, maximum lateral mandibular movement to PCS, and change in occlusal canting.
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