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Besnard J, Menei P, Roualdes V, Seizeur R, Allain P, Le Gall D, Lancelot C, Roy A, Cantisano N. Social cognition in adult survivors of brain tumors: studying the relationship between theory of mind and quality of life. Brain Inj 2024; 38:160-169. [PMID: 38288978 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2309246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study is the first to examine theory of mind (ToM) sequelae in a sample of adult survivors of primary brain tumors, and to investigate the assumed relationship between ToM and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHOD Participants were 40 long-term adult survivors of primary brain tumors and 40 matched healthy controls. They completed ToM tests (Faux-Pas test and Advanced ToM task) and two questionnaires assessing HRQoL (36-Item Short-Form Health Survey and EORTC QLQ-C30/QLQ-BN20). Their relatives also completed an observer-rated version of the SF-36 questionnaire. RESULTS Survivors performed worse than controls only on the Advanced ToM task. Overall, patients and caregivers reported more problems than healthy controls and their relatives regarding both global HRQoL and its social/emotional aspects. No relationship was found between ToM and HRQoL scores. CONCLUSION Adult survivors of primary brain tumors may exhibit ToM deficits several years after treatment and report more problems on social/emotional HRQoL components. Our findings highlight the need to consider these late effects in survivors' long-term follow-up, even if the clinical involvement of ToM deficits still needs to be elucidated. The assessment of ToM deficits and their potential impact on survivors' everyday life is thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Besnard
- Department of Psychology, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Philippe Menei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Roualdes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Romuald Seizeur
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brest Regional University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Philippe Allain
- Department of Psychology, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Department of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Department of Psychology, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Department of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Céline Lancelot
- Department of Psychology, University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Department of Psychology, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Centre Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage et Centre de Compétence Nantais de Neurofibromatose, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Nicole Cantisano
- Centre d'Etudes en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (EA 7411), University of Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France
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Ouerchefani R, Ouerchefani N, Ben Rejeb MR, Le Gall D. Pragmatic language comprehension: Role of theory of mind, executive functions, and the prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychologia 2024; 194:108756. [PMID: 38103682 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The specific contribution of focal damage of the prefrontal cortex and the cognitive mechanisms accounting for communicative-pragmatic disorders remains unclear. The objective of the current study was to investigate the impact of focal prefrontal cortex damage on the ability to understand indirect speech or hints and to identify the prefrontal neural mechanisms involved. We also examined the underlying cognitive mechanisms of disorders of indirect speech understanding particularly theory of mind and executive functions. Thirty patients with focal prefrontal cortex damage and 30 control subjects were compared on their performances on the Hinting task assessing pragmatic language skills, the "Faux-Pas" task and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes task assessing Theory of Mind and a battery of executive tasks. Patients were significantly impaired compared with control subjects on all these abilities. Both deficits of executive functions and theory of mind were able to predict impaired ability of patients in understanding non-literal meanings on the Hinting task. Finally, using voxel-based lesion analysis we identified a partially shared neural prefrontal network involved in all these abilities centered on the dorsomedial and ventral regions of the prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ouerchefani
- University of Tunis El Manar, High Institute of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, 26 Boulevard Darghouth Pacha, Tunis, Tunisia; Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR Confluences, F-49000 Angers, France.
| | - Naoufel Ouerchefani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Foch Hospital, 40 Rue Worth, 92151 Suresnes, Paris, France.
| | - Mohamed Riadh Ben Rejeb
- University of Tunis I, Faculty of Human and Social Science of Tunisia, Department of Psychology, Boulevard 9 Avril, C.P. 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR Confluences, F-49000 Angers, France.
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Baumard J, Lesourd M, Jarry C, Merck C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Belliard S, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Knowing "what for," but not "where": Dissociation between functional and contextual tool knowledge in healthy individuals and patients with dementia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024; 30:97-106. [PMID: 37650212 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617723000486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Semantic tool knowledge underlies the ability to perform activities of daily living. Models of apraxia have emphasized the role of functional knowledge about the action performed with tools (e.g., a hammer and a mallet allow a "hammering" action), and contextual knowledge informing individuals about where to find tools in the social space (e.g., a hammer and a mallet can be found in a workshop). The goal of this study was to test whether contextual or functional knowledge, would be central in the organization of tool knowledge. It was assumed that contextual knowledge would be more salient than functional knowledge for healthy controls and that patients with dementia would show impaired contextual knowledge. METHODS We created an original, open-ended categorization task with ambiguity, in which the same familiar tools could be matched on either contextual or functional criteria. RESULTS In our findings, healthy controls prioritized a contextual, over a functional criterion. Patients with dementia had normal visual categorization skills (as demonstrated by an original picture categorization task), yet they made less contextual, but more functional associations than healthy controls. CONCLUSION The findings support a dissociation between functional knowledge ("what for") on the one hand, and contextual knowledge ("where") on the other hand. While functional knowledge may be distributed across semantic and action-related factors, contextual knowledge may actually be the name of higher-order social norms applied to tool knowledge. These findings may encourage researchers to test both functional and contextual knowledge to diagnose semantic deficits and to use open-ended categorization tests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive & MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Catherine Merck
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | | | - Valérie Chauviré
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Serge Belliard
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Neurologie, Unité de Neuropsychologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
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Cantisano N, Menei P, Roualdes V, Seizeur R, Allain P, Le Gall D, Roy A, Dinomais M, Besnard J. Associations between Adult Primary Brain Tumor Survivors' Behavioral Executive Functions, Health Related Quality of Life and their Caregivers' Health Related Quality : A cross-sectional study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:2860-2871. [PMID: 36919466 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2190596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study focused on adult primary brain tumor (PBT) survivors' caregivers. The main objective was to study associations between PBT survivors' health-related quality of life (HRQOL), their behavioral executive functions (EF) and their caregivers' HRQOL. Forty PBT survivors of PBT and 37 caregivers (mostly patient's spouses 81.08%; n = 30) participated in the study. PBT survivors completed a cancer related Quality of Life (QOL) questionnaire. Caregivers completed informant rated HRQOL and behavioral EF reports relating to PBT survivors and a self-rated HRQOL questionnaire relating to themselves. Correlational and multiple regression analyses were conducted. No associations were found between caregivers' physical HRQOL and PBT survivors' HRQOL nor behavioral EF. Analyses yielded several significant correlations between caregivers' mental HRQOL and variables pertaining to PBT survivors' HRQOL and behavioral EF. Multiple regression analyses showed that caregivers' mental HRQOL is predicted by PBT survivors' mental HRQOL, global cancer-related QOL scores and global behavioral EF scores. This study provides evidence suggesting that during the survivorship phase, at an average of 3.67 (SD = 2.31) years following treatment for a PBT, caregivers mental HRQOL is linked to PBT survivors' long-term effects. These findings shed some light regarding post-cancer care for both PBT survivors and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cantisano
- Centre d'Etudes en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (EA 7411), University of Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Menei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Roualdes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Romuald Seizeur
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brest Regional University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Philippe Allain
- Department of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Department of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France
- Centre Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage et Centre de Compétence Nantais de Neurofibromatose, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Mickaël Dinomais
- Department of Pediatric Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Jérémy Besnard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France
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Baumard J, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Jarry C, Lebaz S, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Sensory Integration Deficits in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Implications for Apraxia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:1557-1563. [PMID: 36973225 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apraxia is the inability to perform voluntary, skilled movements following brain lesions, in the absence of sensory integration deficits. Yet, patients with neurodegenerative diseases (ND) may have sensory integration deficits, so we tested the associations and dissociations between apraxia and sensory integration. METHODS A total of 44 patients with ND and 20 healthy controls underwent extensive testing of sensory integration (i.e., localization of tactile, visual, and proprioceptive stimuli; agraphesthesia; astereognosis) and apraxia (i.e., finger dexterity, imitation, tool use). RESULTS The results showed (i) that patients with Alzheimer's disease, corticobasal syndrome, or posterior cortical atrophy were impaired on both dimensions; (ii) An association between both dimensions; (iii) that when sensory integration was controlled for, the frequency of apraxia decreased dramatically in some clinical subgroups. CONCLUSION In a non-negligible portion of patients, the hypothesis of a disruption of sensory integration can be more parsimonious than the hypothesis of apraxia in case of impaired skilled gestures. Clinicians and researchers are advised to integrate sensory integration measures along with their evaluation of apraxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Psychologie (EA3188), Université Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Chrystelle Remigereau
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Samuel Lebaz
- Univ Rouen Normandie, CRFDP UR 7475, Rouen F-76000, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
- Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
- Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
- Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
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Ouerchefani R, Ouerchefani N, Ben Rejeb MR, Le Gall D. Role of the prefrontal cortex and executive functions in basic emotions recognition: evidence from patients with focal damage to the prefrontal cortex. Cogn Neurosci 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37204290 DOI: 10.1080/17588928.2023.2211345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the specific contribution of focal damage of the prefrontal cortex and executive dysfunction to emotion recognition deficits, with results reporting controversial findings. This study investigated the performance of 30 patients with prefrontal cortex damage and 30 matched controls on a battery of executive measures assessing processes of inhibition, flexibility, and planning and a task of emotion recognition with also a particular attention to the examination of the association between these domains. The results showed that compared with control participants, patients with prefrontal cortex damage were impaired in recognizing the three negative emotions of fear, sadness, and anger and were also impaired on all executive measures. Moreover, by examining the association between both these domains, using correlation and regression analyses, we noted that impaired performance in recognizing emotions of fear, sadness, and anger was predicted by impaired performances on the measures of inhibition and flexibility or "set-shifting" suggesting that the ability to recognize emotions could be at least to some extent cognitively mediated. Finally, using a voxel-based lesion technique, we identified a partially common prefrontal network underlying deficits on executive functions and emotions recognition centered on the ventral and medial parts of the prefrontal cortex, reflecting beyond the neural network involved in recognizing negative emotions per se that of the cognitive processes elicited by this emotion task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ouerchefani
- High Institute of Human sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes LPPL, SFR CONFLUENCES, Angers, France
| | | | - Mohamed Riadh Ben Rejeb
- Department of Psychology, University of Tunis I; Faculty of Human and Social Science of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes LPPL, SFR CONFLUENCES, Angers, France
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Salhi IS, Gdoura H, Souissi I, Souissi W, Bouziri CF, Le Gall D, Bellaj T. Approche neuropsychologique des liens entre dysfonctionnements exécutifs et théorie de l’esprit dans le spectre autistique : étude comparative et clinique auprès d’enfants tunisiens d’âge scolaire. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.01.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Souissi I, Besnard J, Salhi IS, Souissi W, Le Gall D, Bellaj T. Approche neuropsychologique de la résolution de problèmes numériques en contexte tunisien : étude comparative auprès des patients porteurs de lésions cérébrales acquises. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.01.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Salhi IS, Jalloul A, Souissi I, Souissi W, Bouziri CF, Le Gall D, Bellaj T. Liens entre les dysfonctionnements exécutifs et la théorie de l’esprit dans le syndrome de Down : étude comparative et clinique auprès d’enfants tunisiens âgés de 12 à 14 ans. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.01.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Salhi IS, Lancelot C, Marzouki Y, Souissi W, Besbes AN, Le Gall D, Bellaj T. Assessing the construct validity of a theory of mind battery adapted to Tunisian school-aged children. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:974174. [PMID: 36970273 PMCID: PMC10035413 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.974174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Theory of mind (ToM) refers to the ability to understand others' states of mind, desires, emotions, beliefs, and intentions to predict the content of their mental representations. Two major dimensions within ToM have been studied. The first is the type of inferred mental state, which can be cognitive or affective. The second comprises the types of processes involved according to their degree of complexity (first- and second-order false belief and advanced ToM). ToM acquisition is fundamental-a key component in the development of everyday human social interactions. ToM deficits have been reported in various neurodevelopmental disorders through various tools assessing disparate facets of social cognition. Nevertheless, Tunisian practitioners and researchers lack a linguistically and culturally appropriate psychometric tool for ToM assessment among school-aged children. Objective To assess the construct validity of a translated and adapted French ToM Battery for Arabic-speaking Tunisian school-aged children. Methods The focal ToM Battery was designed with neuropsychological and neurodevelopmental theory and composed of 10 subtests distributed evenly in three parts: Pre-conceptual, cognitive, and affective ToM. Translated and adapted to the Tunisian sociocultural context, this ToM battery was individually administered to 179 neurotypical Tunisian children (90 girls and 89 boys) aged 7-12 years. Results After controlling for the age effect, construct validity was empirically confirmed on two dimensions (cognitive and affective) via structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, demonstrating that this solution has a good fit. The results confirmed that the age affected differentially the performance obtained on ToM tasks based on the two components of the battery. Conclusion Our findings confirm that the Tunisian version of the ToM Battery has robust construct validity for the assessment of cognitive and affective ToM in Tunisian school-aged children; hence, it could be adopted in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imène Soumaya Salhi
- Tunis University, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities at Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Céline Lancelot
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Yousri Marzouki
- Psychology Program, Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wided Souissi
- Tunis University, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities at Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aya Nejiba Besbes
- Tunis University, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities at Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) d’Angers, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
| | - Tarek Bellaj
- Psychology Program, Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Baumard J, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Laurent L, Jarry C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Meaningless imitation in neurodegenerative diseases: Effects of body part, bimanual imitation, asymmetry, and body midline crossing. Cogn Neuropsychol 2023; 39:227-248. [PMID: 36622117 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2022.2164487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Visuo-imitative apraxia has been consistently reported in patients with dementia, yet there have been substantial methodological differences between studies, while multiple, sometimes competing hypotheses have been put forward to explain this syndrome. Our goals were to study specific imitation deficits in groups of patients who have been selected and assigned to a group solely based on clinical criteria. We tested the effects of body part, bimanual imitation, asymmetry of the model, and body midline crossing, in patients with cortical atrophy of the temporal lobes (semantic dementia, SD), frontal-parietal networks (FPN, i.e., posterior cortical atrophy and corticobasal syndrome) or both (Alzheimer's disease, AD). Sixty-three patients and 32 healthy controls were asked to imitate 45 meaningless finger/hand, uni-/bimanual, asymmetrical/symmetrical, and crossed/uncrossed postures. SD patients had subnormal imitation scores. FPN patients showed frequent and marked deficits in most conditions, better performance with hand than finger postures (probably because of visuo-constructive deficits), and better performance with uncrossed than crossed configurations (probably because of body schema disorganization). Bimanual configurations were difficult for AD patients, not because of bimanual activity in itself, but rather because of the complexity of the model. The finding of dissociations in 34/63 cases (54%) suggests that some patients, even within the same clinical category, can have variable performance in imitation tests as a function of the abovementioned factors. Clinicians are advised to use tests with a large array of items to properly capture patients' imitation skills. This provides a new basis for future research to unpack which neurocognitive mechanisms are disrupted to cause specific patterns of impaired imitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Laetitia Laurent
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France.,Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France.,Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, Angers, France.,Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
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Ouerchefani R, Ouerchefani N, Ben Rejeb MR, Le Gall D. Neurocognitive and neural mechanisms underlying deficit on the Reading Mind In The Eyes Task: Evidence from patients with focal prefrontal cortex damage. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2022; 44:1-18. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2022.2057928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ouerchefani
- Department of Psychology, University of Tunis El Manar, High Institute of Human sciences, Tunis, Tunisia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Foch Hospital, France
| | - Naoufel Ouerchefani
- Department of Psychology, University Tunis I; Faculty of Human and Social Science of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR Confluences, Angers, France
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Bouzaiène S, Salhi IS, Souissi I, Souissi W, Bellaj T, Le Gall D. Dysfonctionnements des processus socio-cognitifs dans l’épilepsie idiopathique généralisée : étude comparative et clinique auprès d’une population tunisienne d’âge scolaire. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.02.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gomri M, Salhi IS, Souissi I, Souissi W, Bellaj T, Le Gall D. Étude des dysfonctionnements exécutifs chez les enfants tunisiens d’âge scolaire porteurs du diabète de type 1. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.02.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ouerchefani R, Ouerchefani N, Ben Rejeb MR, Le Gall D. Exploring behavioural and cognitive dysexecutive syndrome in patients with focal prefrontal cortex damage. Appl Neuropsychol Adult 2022:1-21. [PMID: 35244518 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2036152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study's objectives were to characterize the frequency and profile of behavioral and cognitive dysexecutive syndromes in patients with focal prefrontal cortex damage and how these syndromes overlap. We also examined the contribution of the prefrontal brain regions to these syndromes. Therefore, thirty patients with prefrontal cortex damage and thirty control subjects were compared on their performances using the GREFEX battery assessing the dysexecutive syndromes. The results showed that combined behavioral and cognitive dysexecutive syndrome was observed in 53.33%, while pure cognitive dysexecutive syndrome was observed in 20% and behavioral in 26.67%. Also, almost all behavioral and cognitive dysexecutive disorders discriminated frontal patients from controls. Moreover, correlations and regression analyses between task scores in both domains of dysexecutive syndromes showed that the spectrum of behavioral disorders was differentially associated with cognitive impairment of initiation, inhibition, generation, deduction, coordination, flexibility and the planning process. Furthermore, the patterns of cognitive and behavioral dysexecutive syndrome were both predictors of impairment in daily living activities and loss of autonomy. Finally, frontal regions contributing to different dysexecutive syndromes assessed by MRI voxel lesion symptom analysis indicate several overlapping regions centered on the ventromedial and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex for both domains of dysexecutive syndrome. This study concludes that damage to the frontal structures may lead to a diverse set of changes in both cognitive and behavioral domains which both contribute to loss of autonomy. The association of the ventromedial and dorsomedial prefrontal regions to both domains of dysexecutive syndrome suggests a higher integrative role of these regions in processing cognition and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ouerchefani
- High Institute of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR Confluences, Angers, France
| | | | - Mohamed Riadh Ben Rejeb
- Faculty of Human and Social Science of Tunisia, Department of Psychology, University of Tunis I, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR Confluences, Angers, France
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16
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Cantisano N, Menei P, Roualdes V, Seizeur R, Allain P, Le Gall D, Roy A, Dinomais M, Laurent A, Besnard J. Relationships between executive functioning and health-related quality of life in adult survivors of brain tumor and matched healthy controls. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2022; 43:980-990. [PMID: 35230209 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2022.2040432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have considered health-related quality of life (HRQOL) as a primary outcome measure in adult survivors of primary brain tumor (PBT), and fewer still have studied the cognitive factors that may influence it. Research suggests that executive functions (EFs) are associated with HRQOL, but there is scant evidence to support this. The present study was conducted to (1) extend prior findings about HRQOL limitations in a sample of stable, long-term adult survivors of PBT, (2) investigate the associations between objective/reported EFs and HRQOL, and (3) identify the EFs that contribute most to HRQOL. METHOD We recruited 40 survivors of PBT (> 2 years post-treatment) and 40 matched healthy controls. Participants completed an objective EF assessment (inhibition, working memory, shifting, and rule detection) and two self-report questionnaires probing EFs (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult) and HRQOL (Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36). Participants' relatives completed observer-rated versions of these questionnaires. RESULTS Patients' objective EF performances were relatively intact. However, patients and caregivers reported significantly more problems than healthy controls and their relatives, for both EFs and HRQOL. There were only negligible links between objective EFs and HRQOL, whereas numerous associations were found between reported EFs and HRQOL components. ANCOVA models revealed that specific reported EF processes contributed to both the physical and mental components of HRQOL, regardless of group. CONCLUSIONS From a clinical point of view, this study demonstrates that even several years after end of treatment, adult PBT survivors experience substantial problems across different HRQOL domains. HRQOL assessment should therefore be part of the long-term follow-up of PBT survivors, and clinicians should consider EF limitations when designing appropriate survivorship care plans. These findings indicate that cognitive interventions targeting EFs could improve HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cantisano
- Centre d'Etudes En Psychopathologie Et Psychologie de la Santé (Ea 7411), University of Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Menei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Roualdes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Romuald Seizeur
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brest Regional University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Philippe Allain
- Department of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,Univ Angers, Department of Psychology, Nantes Université, Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL, UR 4638), SFR CONFLUENCES, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Department of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France.,Univ Angers, Department of Psychology, Nantes Université, Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL, UR 4638), SFR CONFLUENCES, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Univ Angers, Department of Psychology, Nantes Université, Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL, UR 4638), SFR CONFLUENCES, F-49000, Angers, France.,Centre Référent Des Troubles d'Apprentissage Et Centre de Compétence Nantais de Neurofibromatose, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Mickaël Dinomais
- Department of Paediatric Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | | | - Jérémy Besnard
- Univ Angers, Department of Psychology, Nantes Université, Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL, UR 4638), SFR CONFLUENCES, F-49000, Angers, France
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17
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Er-Rafiqi M, Guerra A, Le Gall D, Roy A. Development of inhibition and working memory in school-age Moroccan children. Child Neuropsychol 2022; 28:938-961. [PMID: 35176966 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2039112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies regarding executive functions (EFs) in children rarely focus on populations of North Africa countries. In this context, this research aimed to adapt EFs tests to the Moroccan context and provide preliminary normative data on the development of inhibitory control and working memory (WM). In addition, the executive performance of school-age Moroccan children was examined, as well as the effects of gender, parents' education level and multilingualism. The sample included 115 children at age 7 to 12 from Fes city. Results showed that the translation and adaptation steps were sufficient for the cross-cultural adaptation of the tasks. In addition, an overall effect of age on inhibition and WM performances was found, whereas gender and parents' education level showed non-significant effects. Multilingualism effects had a partial positive influence on EFs, with improved scores on a few executive tasks for multilingual children compared to their bilingual peers. Overall, results suggest that EFs in school-age Moroccan children operate on relatively homogeneous development trajectories, marked by improvements that differ according to tasks. As neuropsychological tools and normative data are still lacking in Morocco, this study helps better understand EFs development of children in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Er-Rafiqi
- Univ Angers, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Amanda Guerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Psicologia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte and Lppl, Univ. Angers, Université de Nantes, Sfr Confluences, Angers, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, F-49000 Angers, France.,Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Univ Angers, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, F-49000 Angers, France.,Centre Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage, Hôpital Femme-Enfant-Adolescent, CHU de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
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18
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Ouerchefani R, Ouerchefani N, Ben Rejeb MR, Le Gall D. Impaired Perception of Unintentional Transgression of Social Norms after Prefrontal Cortex Damage: Relationship to Decision Making, Emotion Recognition, and Executive Functions. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 37:249-273. [PMID: 34619764 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acab078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with prefrontal cortex damage often transgress social rules and show lower accuracy in identifying and explaining inappropriate social behavior. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the ability to perceive other unintentional transgressions of social norms and both decision making and emotion recognition as these abilities are critical for appropriate social behavior. METHOD We examined a group of patients with focal prefrontal cortex damage (N = 28) and a group of matched control participants (N = 28) for their abilities to detect unintentional transgression of social norms using the "Faux-Pas" task of theory of mind, to make advantageous decisions on the Iowa gambling task, and to recognize basic emotions on the Ekman facial affect test. RESULTS The group of patients with frontal lobe damage was impaired in all of these tasks compared with control participants. Moreover, all the "Faux-Pas", Iowa gambling, and emotion recognition tasks were significantly associated and predicted by executive measures of inhibition, flexibility, or planning. However, only measures from the Iowa gambling task were associated and predicted performance on the "Faux-Pas" task. These tasks were not associated with performance in recognition of basic emotions. These findings suggest that theory of mind, executive functions, and decision-making abilities act in an interdependent way for appropriate social behavior. However, theory of mind and emotion recognition seem to have distinct but additive effects upon social behavior. Results from VLSM analysis also corroborate these data by showing a partially overlapped prefrontal circuitry underlying these cognitive domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ouerchefani
- University of Tunis El Manar, High Institute of Human sciences, Department of Psychology, 26 Boulevard Darghouth Pacha, Tunis, Tunisia.,Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR Confluences, Angers, France
| | | | - Mohamed Riadh Ben Rejeb
- University of Tunis I, Faculty of Human and Social Science of Tunisia, Department of Psychology, Boulvard 9 Avril, C.P. 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFR Confluences, Angers, France
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19
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Riadh O, Naoufel O, Ben Rejeb MR, Le Gall D. Impaired social perception from eyes and face visual cues: evidence from prefrontal cortex damage. Soc Neurosci 2021; 16:607-626. [PMID: 34544320 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2021.1983458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite the key role that decoding of social-perceptual cues from faces plays in interpersonal communication, it is only recently that the potential of prefrontal cortex damage to disrupt this ability has been recognized. In fact, few studies to date had assessed whether the ability to identify the state of mind of others from the whole or part of the face is disrupted after prefrontal cortex damage and whether these two abilities are associated and share overlapped neural systems. In the present study, 30 patients with focal prefrontal lesions and 30 matched control subjects were assessed on their ability to recognize six basic emotions from facial expressions of the whole face and to identify states of mind of others from photographs of only the eyes using the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task". Results showed that frontal patients were significantly impaired compared with control subjects on both tasks. Moreover, regression analyses showed that these two abilities are associated and reciprocally predictive of one another. Finally, using voxel-based lesion analysis; we identified a partially common bilaterally distributed prefrontal network in the decoding of both emotional cues from both the whole face and eyes centered within the dorsomedial and ventral regions with extension to the lateral frontal pole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouerchefani Riadh
- University of Tunis El Manar, High Institute of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, 26 Boulevard Darghouth Pacha, Tunis, Tunisia.,Univ Angers, Université De Nantes, LPPL, SFR CONFLUENCES, F-49000 Angers, France
| | | | - Mohamed Riadh Ben Rejeb
- , University Tunis I, Faculty of Human and Social Science of Tunisia, Department of Psychology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université De Nantes, LPPL, SFR CONFLUENCES, F-49000 Angers, France
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20
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Er-Rafiqi M, Guerra A, Le Gall D, Roy A. Age-related changes of cognitive flexibility and planning skills in school-age Moroccan children. Appl Neuropsychol Child 2021; 11:669-680. [PMID: 34213399 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2021.1934471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
North African countries such as Morocco are scarcely the focus of neuropsychological studies, although the role of culture in cognition processes is widely recognized. Currently, studies on flexibility and planning skills in the Moroccan context are still lacking and there are no adapted tools to assess these functions in the country. In this scenario, this study aimed to adapt the Child Executive Functions Battery (CEF-B) tasks and the playing cards task of the Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome for Children (BADS-C) to Morocco and provide preliminary normative data on the development of flexibility and planning. In addition, this study proposed to examine the effects of gender, parents' education level and multilingualism on executive development. To this end, six tasks of the CEF-B were adapted through a translation and back-translation process and administered to 115 children aged 7-12 years. Results showed that the adopted procedure was sufficient for the cross-cultural adaptation of the tasks. Analyses showed a continuous increase with age on executive performance in most of the variables. However, gender and parents' level of education showed mostly non-significant effects. On the other hand, a significant effect of multilingualism was found on the two analyzed functions, with better results for multilingual children if compared to their bilingual peers. In general, results suggest that the identified pattern of development is consistent with international studies. Although normative data on executive functions are still lacking in Morocco, this unprecedented study will help better understand their development in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Er-Rafiqi
- LPPL, Univ. Angers, Université de Nantes, SFR Confluences, Angers, France
| | - Amanda Guerra
- LPPL, Univ. Angers, Université de Nantes, SFR Confluences, Angers, France.,Programa de Pós-Graduação de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Didier Le Gall
- LPPL, Univ. Angers, Université de Nantes, SFR Confluences, Angers, France.,Département de neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- LPPL, Univ. Angers, Université de Nantes, SFR Confluences, Angers, France.,Centre Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage, Centre de Compétence Nantais de Neurofibromatose, Hôpital Femme-Enfant-Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
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21
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Baumard J, Le Gall D. The challenge of apraxia: Toward an operational definition? Cortex 2021; 141:66-80. [PMID: 34033988 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of limb apraxia relies mainly on exclusion criteria (e.g., elementary motor or sensory deficits, aphasia). Due to the diversity of apraxia definitions and assessment methods, patients may or may not show apraxia depending on the chosen assessment method or theory, making the definition of apraxia somewhat arbitrary. As a result, "apraxia" may be diagnosed in patients with different cognitive impairments. Based on a quantitative and critical review of the literature, it is argued that this situation has its roots in the evolution from a task-based approach (i.e., the use of gold standard tests to detect apraxia) toward a process-based approach, namely, the deconstruction of the conceptual or production systems of action into multiple cognitive processes: language, executive functions, working memory, semantic memory, body schema, body image, visual-spatial skills, social cognition, visual-kinesthetic engrams, manipulation knowledge, technical reasoning, structural inference, and categorical apprehension. The coexistence of both approaches in the current literature is a major challenge that stands in the way of a scientific definition of apraxia. As a step toward a solution, we suggest to focus on symptoms, and on two complementary definition criteria (in addition with traditional exclusion criteria): Specificity (i.e., is apraxia explained by the alteration of cognitive processes specifically dedicated to gesture production?), and consistency (i.e., is the gesture production impairment consistent across tasks?). Two categories of limb apraxia are proposed: symptomatic apraxia (i.e., gesture production deficits that are secondary to more general cognitive impairments) and idiopathic apraxia (i.e., gesture production deficits that can be observed in isolation). It turns out that the only apraxia subtype that fulfills exclusion, specificity, and consistency criteria is limb-kinetic apraxia. A century after Liepmann's demonstration of the autonomy of apraxia toward language, the autonomy of this syndrome toward the rest of cognition remains an open question, while it poses new challenges to apraxia studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, F-49000 Angers, France; Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
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22
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Abstract
The current study focused on adapting EF tests for children to the Arabic language and examine the developmental trajectories of a sample of school-aged Lebanese children in four domains of EF (inhibition, flexibility, working memory, and planning). It also focused on examining the effects of gender and parental education level on EF performance. The study population included 100 Lebanese children aged from 6 to 12-years old who were grouped and comparable for age, gender, and parental level of education. Results revealed a main effect of age and level of education of parents while the effect of gender was non-significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Roukoz
- Psychiatry Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amanda Guerra
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, Angers University, Angers, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, Angers University, Angers, France
| | - Maria Ghazi
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, Angers University, Angers, France
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23
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Ouerchefani R, Ouerchefani N, Kammoun B, Ben Rejeb MR, Le Gall D. A Voxel-based lesion study on facial emotion recognition after circumscribed prefrontal cortex damage. J Neuropsychol 2021; 15:533-563. [PMID: 33595204 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown inconsistent findings regarding the contribution of the different prefrontal regions in emotion recognition. Moreover, the hemispheric lateralization hypothesis posits that the right hemisphere is dominant for processing all emotions regardless of affective valence, whereas the valence specificity hypothesis posits that the left hemisphere is specialized for processing positive emotions while the right hemisphere is specialized for negative emotions. However, recent findings suggest that the evidence for such lateralization has been less consistent. In this study, we investigated emotion recognition of fear, surprise, happiness, sadness, disgust, and anger in 30 patients with focal prefrontal cortex lesions and 30 control subjects. We also examined the impact of lesion laterality on recognition of the six basic emotions. The results showed that compared to control subjects, the frontal subgroups were impaired in recognition of three negative basic emotions of fear, sadness, and anger - regardless of the lesion laterality. Therefore, our findings did not establish that each hemisphere is specialized for processing specific emotions. Moreover, the voxel-based lesion symptom mapping analysis showed that recognition of fear, sadness, and anger draws on a partially common bilaterally distributed prefrontal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ouerchefani
- High Institute of Human Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Psychology of Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, France
| | | | - Brahim Kammoun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratory of Psychology of Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, France
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24
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Guerra A, Hazin I, Roulin JL, Le Gall D, Roy A. Pieces of evidences of reliability of the Brazilian version of the Child Executive Functions Battery (CEF-B). Psicol Reflex Crit 2021; 34:6. [PMID: 33580412 PMCID: PMC7881062 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-021-00171-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive dysfunctions are central symptoms in different neurological, developmental, and context-related conditions. The assessment of these functions is then essential in neuropsychological pediatric clinical practice. Given the need for reliable and valid evaluation batteries for clinical practice in Brazil, this study aimed to present the pieces of evidences of reliability of the Child Executive Functions Battery (CEF-B). A total of 230 Brazilian children with typical development aged between 7 and 12 years participated in the study. Internal consistency was determined by the split-half method, Cronbach’s α, and Ω. In addition, measurements of test-retest reliability and intraclass coefficient were also performed. Retest indicators were mostly weak and moderate (between .43 and .75). Overvall, coefficients show a satisfactory internal consistency reliability for planning and inhibition measures (between .72 and .92). Considering the measures of WM, results were also satisfactory for both α and Ω indexes. This study revealed that the CEF-B has satisfactory internal consistency reliability coefficients. However, several tests have shown low reliability assessed through the test-retest method. In general, findings reveal interesting pieces of initial evidence of reliability of the Brazilian version. The methodological approach could be improved in future studies by including children with executive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Guerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte and Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA4638), Université d'Angers, 11, boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, France.
| | - Izabel Hazin
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Luc Roulin
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (UMR 5105), Université de Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,Centre Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage, Centre de Compétence Nantais de Neurofibromatose, Hôpital Femme-Enfant-Adolescent, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
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25
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Guerra A, Hazin I, Guerra Y, Roulin JL, Le Gall D, Roy A. Developmental Profile of Executive Functioning in School-Age Children From Northeast Brazil. Front Psychol 2021; 11:596075. [PMID: 33536970 PMCID: PMC7848892 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.596075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of executive functions (EF) is recognizably correlated to culture, contextual and social factors. However, studies considering all the basic EF are still scarce in Brazil, most notably in the Northeast region, which is known for its social inequality and economic gap. This study aimed to analyze the developmental trajectories and structure of four EF, namely inhibition, flexibility, working memory and planning. In addition, the potential effects of socioeconomic status (SES) and gender were examined. The sample included 230 Brazilian children between 7-12 years old, homogeneously distributed by age, gender and type of school. The EF were assessed through the Brazilian version of the Child Executive Functions Battery (CEF-B). A global effect of age was found for most of the EF measures evaluated. Gender effect was mostly non-significant, except for 4 of the 12 tasks. There was a significant SES effect on 8 tasks, all in favor of private school children. Exploratory factorial and correlation analysis showed a 4-factor EF structure, corroborating the theoretical distribution considered in the CEF-B. A developmental progression is evident in the results for all of the EF measures evaluated. While gender had little influence on EF, SES seems to significantly impact the development of EF. As normative data are still lacking in Northeast Brazil, this study may help to understand EF development trajectories and provide tools for neuropsychological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Guerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Izabel Hazin
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Guerra
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jean-Luc Roulin
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (UMR 5105), Université de Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Laboratoire de psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France.,Centre Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage, Centre de Compétence Nantais de Neurofibromatose, Hôpital Femme-Enfant-Adolescent, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
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26
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Jarry C, Osiurak F, Baumard J, Lesourd M, Coiffard C, Lucas C, Merck C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Belliard S, Moreaud O, Croisile B, Le Gall D. Daily life activities in patients with Alzheimer's disease or semantic dementia: Multitasking assessment. Neuropsychologia 2020; 150:107714. [PMID: 33285188 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) or semantic dementia (SD) on their cognitive processes and the severity of their daily life activity impairments. Three types of tasks were administered to patients (SD = 15; AD = 31) and 30 healthy controls (HC): 1) informant-based scales and questionnaires, 2) a neuropsychological assessment exploring executive functions, episodic and semantic memory, and 3) a new original test featuring multi-step naturalistic actions and multitasking: the Sequential Daily Life Multitasking (SDLM). We predicted that patients with AD would mainly exhibit task perplexity, associated with episodic and executive deficits on the SDLM, while the behavior of patients with SD would mostly be characterized by object perplexity, associated with semantic memory deficits. Results showed that patients with AD or SD were impaired across all neuropsychological tests, particularly episodic memory in AD and semantic memory in SD. General performance on the SDLM also appeared dramatically impaired in both patient groups, and correlated with results of questionnaires about instrumental activities and memory impairments. However, specific qualitative measurements on the SDLM did not allow us to pinpoint different patterns of errors and behavior in patients with AD versus SD. We suggest that the inability of patients in both groups to perform the SDLM may derive from a constellation of disorders or else from more subtle impairment of cognitive and conative processes that requires further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Jarry
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France.
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | | | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Psychologie (EA3188), Université Bourgogne Franche Comté, France
| | - Clémence Coiffard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France
| | - Charlène Lucas
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France
| | - Catherine Merck
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou, CMRR, Rennes, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France; Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
| | - Serge Belliard
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou, CMRR, Rennes, France; Laboratoire de Neuropsychologie, Unité INSERM U 1077, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Moreaud
- CMRR Grenoble Arc Alpin, Pôle de Psychiatrie et Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, France; Laboratoire de Psychologie et Neurocognition CNRS UMR 5105, Grenoble, France
| | - Bernard Croisile
- Service de Neuropsychologie, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France; Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
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Cantisano N, Menei P, Roualdes V, Seizeur R, Allain P, Le Gall D, Roy A, Dinomais M, Besnard J. Patient-reported functional executive challenges and caregiver confirmation in adult brain tumor survivors. J Cancer Surviv 2020; 15:696-705. [PMID: 33106993 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-020-00961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main objective of this study was to provide further information concerning the validity of patient-reported executive function (EF) in survivors of primary brain tumor (PBT) compared with a report provided by each patient's caregiver. METHODS Forty survivors of PBT, 40 non-cancer controls and their proxies completed an assessment of functional executive disorders (e.g., planning, inhibition, shifting, action initiation). Comparisons of self and informant EF reports were examined, for both patients and non-cancer controls. The extent of the concordance between patients' reports and their caregivers' reports was also determined. RESULTS PBT survivors and their caregivers reported more problems related to EF in contrast with the non-cancer comparison group (significant differences). There was a high level of agreement between patients' and caregivers' ratings within the patient group. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence suggesting that at an average of 3.67 (SD = 2.31) years following treatment for a PBT, EF difficulties are reported by patients and their caregivers. This study establishes a consistency between what is reported by survivors and what is reported by those who frequently interact with them. Further research investigating the link between these ratings and quality of life as well as other functions is encouraged. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS This study's results demonstrate the importance of listening to PBT survivors' perception of EF difficulties. While not confirmed by neuropsychological evaluations, the functional executive challenges reported by these survivors' close relatives reflect what PBT survivors themselves report. Specialists should pay close attention to these difficulties to guarantee optimal post-cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cantisano
- Centre d'Etudes en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (EA 7411), University of Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Menei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Roualdes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Romuald Seizeur
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brest Regional University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Philippe Allain
- Department of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Department of Neurology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France
- Centre Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage et Centre de Compétence Nantais de Neurofibromatose, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Mickaël Dinomais
- Department of Pediatric Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Jérémy Besnard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France.
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Guerra A, Hazin I, Siebra C, Rezende M, Silvestre I, Le Gall D, Roy A. Assessing executive functions in Brazilian children: A critical review of available tools. Appl Neuropsychol Child 2020; 11:184-196. [PMID: 32579079 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2020.1775598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this review is to perform a critical analysis of the instruments used to assess executive functions (EFs) in preschool and school-age children in Brazil. We identified 37 assessment measures through a systematic review. Some performance-based tests for assessing working memory and inhibition were identified. However, there is a lack of rating measures and instruments to assess flexibility and planning in clinical practice. We observed regional differences in the performance of EFs measures. One possible explanation may be the use of normative samples from more highly-developed regions to characterize performance in less-developed regions. However, there may be alternative explanations, such as variations in the exposure to testing and the adequacy of test materials in different regions. Joint efforts among research groups should be encouraged in order to obtain normative references that are more representative of the socio-cultural diversity of the country. This improvement is essential to better understand the typical and atypical development of EFs and how the peculiarities of each country's context and culture can impact its trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Guerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.,Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Izabel Hazin
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Cibele Siebra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Marinna Rezende
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Isadora Silvestre
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
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Ben Jemaa S, Marzouki Y, Fredj M, Le Gall D, Bellaj T. The Adaptation and Validation of an Arabic Version of the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (A-CSDD). J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 67:839-848. [PMID: 30636732 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a major disorder that can be ttriggering, exacerbating, or co-occurring with dementia symptoms. Its assessment is paramount to achieve diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic decisions. The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD) is purposely designed to address clinically this issue. OBJECTIVE To examine the reliability and validity of an Arabic version of the CSDD (A-CSDD) in the Tunisian population. METHODS Fifty-seven participants took part in this study: 20 as a control group (NC), 18 as dementia patients with depression (DD), and 19 as depressed patients without dementia (DND); all patients met the DSM IV criteria for depression and/or dementia. A translated, back-translated and adapted Arabic version of the CSDD was administered in parallel with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the non-cognitive part of the Alzheimer's disease Assessment Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Examination. RESULTS The A-CSDD had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.85) and high test-retest reliability (Rho = 0.897, p < 0.001). The A-CSDD had excellent discriminatory power to diagnose depression in dementia patients (AUC = 0.90, p < 0.001) and good concurrent validity with the GDS (Rho = 0.70, p < 0.001). A principal component analysis with varimax rotation, performed on the DD group, led to a configuration of five factors explaining 75% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that this Arabic-Tunisian version of the A-CSDD is reliable and valid for diagnosing depression in an elderly Tunisian population with dementia and can be used in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ben Jemaa
- Department of Psychology, Tunis Faculty of Humanities, Tunis University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yousri Marzouki
- Psychology Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Fredj
- Department of Neurology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Research Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie de Pays de La Loire, Bretagne Loire University, Angers University, Rennes, France
| | - Tarek Bellaj
- Psychology Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Roche J, Câmara-Costa H, Roulin JL, Chevignard M, Frappaz D, Guichardet K, Benkhaled O, Kerrouche B, Prodhomme J, Kieffer-Renaux V, Le Gall D, Fournet N, Roy A. Assessment of everyday executive functioning using the BRIEF in children and adolescents treated for brain tumor. Brain Inj 2020; 34:583-590. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2020.1725982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Roche
- Laboratory of Psychology Pays de la Loire, EA4638, UBL, Angers University, Angers, France
- SMAEC, Resource Centre for Children, Adolescents, Young Adults with Acquired Neurological Injury, Miribel, France
| | - Hugo Câmara-Costa
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale, LIB, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Roulin
- University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, Grenoble, France
| | - Mathilde Chevignard
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale, LIB, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Rehabilitation Department for children with acquired neurological injury, and Outreach team for children and adolescents with acquired brain injury, Saint Maurice Hospitals, Saint Maurice, France
- GRC 24 HaMCRe, Handicap Moteur et Cognitif et Réadaptation, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Didier Frappaz
- Institut d’Hématologie et d’Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France
| | - Karine Guichardet
- Medical Clinic of Paediatrics, HCE, CHU de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Ouarda Benkhaled
- Rehabilitation Department for children with acquired neurological injury, and Outreach team for children and adolescents with acquired brain injury, Saint Maurice Hospitals, Saint Maurice, France
| | - Bernadette Kerrouche
- Rehabilitation Department for children with acquired neurological injury, and Outreach team for children and adolescents with acquired brain injury, Saint Maurice Hospitals, Saint Maurice, France
| | - Julie Prodhomme
- Rehabilitation Department for children with acquired neurological injury, and Outreach team for children and adolescents with acquired brain injury, Saint Maurice Hospitals, Saint Maurice, France
| | - Virginie Kieffer-Renaux
- Rehabilitation Department for children with acquired neurological injury, and Outreach team for children and adolescents with acquired brain injury, Saint Maurice Hospitals, Saint Maurice, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratory of Psychology Pays de la Loire, EA4638, UBL, Angers University, Angers, France
- Département de neurologie, CHU d’Angers, Université Bretagne Loire, France
| | - Nathalie Fournet
- University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Laboratory of Psychology Pays de la Loire, EA4638, UBL, Angers University, Angers, France
- Centre Référent des Troubles d’Apprentissage, Centre de Compétence Nantais de Neurofibromatose, Hôpital Femme-Enfant-Adolescent, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
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Riadh O, Naoufel O, Rejeb MRB, Le Gall D. Neuro-cognitive correlates of alexithymia in patients with circumscribed prefrontal cortex damage. Neuropsychologia 2019; 135:107228. [PMID: 31634488 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Alexithymia has been extensively reported in studies of psychiatric patients. However, little attention has been paid regarding its occurrence in the context of patients with circumscribed prefrontal cortex lesions. Moreover, the neuro-cognitive impairments that lead to alexithymia remain unclear and limited numbers of studies have addressed these issues. The authors investigated the impact of prefrontal cortex lesions on alexithymia and its neuro-cognitive correlates in a population of 20 patients with focal frontal lesions, 10 patients with parietal lesions and 34 matched control participants. Alexithymia was screened using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and executive functions were assessed using a large battery of executive tasks that address inhibition, flexibility and the planning process. Results showed that patients with prefrontal cortex damage showed significantly increased difficulty in facets of identifying feelings (DIF) and externally oriented thinking (EOT) on TAS-20, compared to parietal patients and control participants. Moreover, both correlation and regression analysis revealed that higher alexithymia levels on the three facets of TAS-20 were consistently but differentially associated with impairment in inhibition, flexibility and planning tasks for frontal patients and both control groups. These findings provide clinical evidence of the implication of prefrontal cortex damage and executive control in alexithymia. Our results were also discussed in the light of the cognitive appraisal concept as a mechanism involved in emotion episode processing. This study suggests that increased neuropsychological attention should be directed to the relation between the neuro-cognitive model of executive functions and cognitive appraisal theory in processing emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouerchefani Riadh
- University of Tunis El Manar, High Institute of Human Sciences, 26 Boulevard Darghouth Pacha, Tunis, Tunisia; University of Angers, Laboratory of Psychology of Pays de La Loire (EA 4638), 5 Bis, Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, Cedex 01, France.
| | - Ouerchefani Naoufel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Foch Hospital, 40 Rue Worth, 92151, Suresnes, France.
| | - Mohamed Riadh Ben Rejeb
- University of Tunis I, Faculty of Human and Social Science of Tunisia, Boulvard 9 Avril, C.P. 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Didier Le Gall
- University of Angers, Laboratory of Psychology of Pays de La Loire (EA 4638), 5 Bis, Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045, Angers, Cedex 01, France.
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Baumard J, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Lucas C, Jarry C, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Imitation of meaningless gestures in normal aging. Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 2019; 27:729-747. [PMID: 31595839 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2019.1674773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
While imitation of meaningless gestures is a gold standard in the assessment of apraxia in patients with either stroke or neurodegenerative diseases, little is known about potential age-related effects on this measure. A significant body of literature has indicated that different mechanisms (i.e., executive functioning, visuospatial skills, sensory integration, body knowledge, categorical apprehension) may underlie the performance depending on imitation conditions (i.e., finger/hand, uni-/bimanual, symmetric/asymmetric, crossed/uncrossed configurations). However, neither the effects of these conditions on performance, nor the contribution of the abovementioned mechanisms to imitation have been explored in normal aging. The aim of the present study was to fill this gap. To do so, healthy adults (n = 103) aged 50 to 89 were asked to imitate 45 meaningless gestures. The authors controlled for general cognitive function, motor function, visual-spatial skills, executive function, sensory integration, body knowledge, and mechanical problem-solving skills. The results showed that asymmetry, body-midline crossing and, to a lesser extent, bimanual activity added an additional layer of difficulty to imitation tasks. After controlling for motor speed and cognitive function, age had an effect on imitation skills after 70 years old. This may reflect a decline in body knowledge, sensory integration, and executive functions. In contrast, the visuospatial and mechanical problem-solving hypotheses were ruled out. An additional motor simulation hypothesis is proposed. These findings may prove useful for clinicians working in memory clinics by providing insights on how to interpret imitation deficits. Lower performance after 70 years old should not be considered abnormal in a systematic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- CNRS, LNC, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, Aix Marseille University , Marseille, France.,CNRS, Fédération 3C, Aix Marseille University , Marseille, France
| | | | - Charlène Lucas
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers , France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers , France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon , France.,Institut Universitaire de France , Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers , France.,Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers , France
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Baumard J, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Boussard D, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Rossetti Y, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Effect of object substitution, spontaneous compensation and repetitive training on reaching movements in a patient with optic ataxia. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2019; 30:1786-1813. [PMID: 31030640 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2019.1607397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of M.B. who demonstrated severe optic ataxia with the right hand following stroke in the left hemisphere. The clinical picture may shed light on both the pathological characteristics of reaching and grasping actions, and potential rehabilitation strategies for optic ataxia. First, M.B. demonstrated a dissociation between severely impaired reaching and relatively spared grasping and tool use skills and knowledge, which confirms that grasping may be more intermingled with non-motoric cognitive mechanisms than reaching. Besides, M.B.'s reaching performance was sensitive to movement repetition. We observed a substitution effect: Reaching time decreased if M.B. repeatedly reached toward the same object but increased when object identity changed. This may imply that not only object localization but also object identity, is integrated into movement programming in reach-to-grasp tasks. Second, studying M.B.'s spontaneous compensation strategies ascertained that the mere repetition of reaching movements had a positive effect, to the point M.B. almost recovered to normal level after an intensive one-day repetitive training session. This case study seems to provide one of the first examples of optic ataxia rehabilitation. Reaching skills can be trained by repetitive training even two years post-stroke and despite the presence of visuo-imitative apraxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Delphine Boussard
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Chrystelle Remigereau
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - François Osiurak
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, Lyon, France.,French Universitary Institute, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France.,Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
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Roche J, Chevignard M, Gall DL, Frappaz D, Roulin JL, Roy A. QOL-45. PROFILES OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS IN SURVIVORS OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR. A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy059.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Roche
- Laboratory of Psychology Pays de la Loire, Angers, France
- SMAEC Resource Centre for Children, adolescents, young adults with acquired neurological injury, Miribel, France
| | - Mathilde Chevignard
- Rehabilitation Department for children with acquired brain injury, Saint-Maurice, France
- Sorbonne Universités UMR 7371, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratory of Psychology Pays de la Loire, Angers, France
| | - Didier Frappaz
- Institut d’Hématologie et d’Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France
| | | | - Arnaud Roy
- Laboratory of Psychology Pays de la Loire, Angers, France
- Centre référent des troubles d’apprentissage, Nantes, France
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35
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Ben Jemaa S, Attia Romdhane N, Bahri-Mrabet A, Jendli A, Le Gall D, Bellaj T. An Arabic Version of the Cognitive Subscale of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-Cog): Reliability, Validity, and Normative Data. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:11-21. [PMID: 28505978 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale's cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) is the most widely used instrument for screening cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. The aim of the present study was to develop an Arabic version of this scale (A-ADAS-Cog), examine its psychometric properties (reliability and validity), and provide normative data. The A-ADAS-Cog), an Arabic version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (A-MMSE), and a Standardized Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) were administered to three Tunisian groups: 124 normal controls (NC), 33 patients with non-Alzheimer dementia (N-AD), and 25 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The A-ADAS-Cog scores were significantly affected by age and education. A correction table was constructed to control these effects. The results showed that the A-ADAS-Cog has good internal consistency and reliability (α= 0.82 for AD). The test-retest reliability of the A-ADAS-Cog was stable over time (r = 0.97). An evaluation of the construct validity of the A-ADAS-Cog using principal component analysis led to a solution with three factors (memory, language and praxis), which explained 72% of the variance. The concurrent validity of the A-ADAS-Cog was established using the A-MMSE score (r = -0.86), CDR Sum of Boxes score (CDR-SB; r = 0.87), and global CDR score (CDR-Global; r = 0.74). Finally, the A-ADAS-Cog has an excellent discriminating power in the diagnosis of AD (ROC area = 0.92). A cut-off score of 10 (sensitivity = 84% and specificity = 91%) is indicated for the screening of the AD. Overall, the results indicated that the A-ADAS-Cog is psychometrically reliable and valid and provides promising results for screening of dementia in Arabic speaking patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ben Jemaa
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Tunis, Tunis University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Neila Attia Romdhane
- Department of Neurology, Charles Nicolle University Hospital, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Adel Jendli
- College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Bretagne-Loire University and Angers University, France
| | - Tarek Bellaj
- Psychology Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Mauger C, Lancelot C, Roy A, Coutant R, Cantisano N, Le Gall D. Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents with Turner Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuropsychol Rev 2018; 28:188-215. [DOI: 10.1007/s11065-018-9372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Ouerchefani R, Ouerchefani N, Allain P, Ben Rejeb MR, Le Gall D. Relationships between executive function, working memory, and decision-making on the Iowa Gambling Task: Evidence from ventromedial patients, dorsolateral patients, and normal subjects. J Neuropsychol 2018; 13:432-461. [PMID: 29667317 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The results of previous studies are inconsistent in regard to the relationship between the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), working-memory (WM), and executive tasks, and whether these cognitive processes could be considered as mechanisms underlying a decision-making deficit. Moreover, the relationship between the IGT and executive measures is examined based on a limited number of executive tasks, within different populations showing diffuse damage. In addition, there are fewer studies carried out within control participants, with those studies also being inconclusive. It is also suggested that the association of the IGT performance with executive tasks depends on whether the IGT was running under ambiguity or under risk. In this work, all of these issues are studied. Results showed that both patients with ventromedial (VMPFC, N = 10) and dorsolateral (DLPFC, N = 10) prefrontal cortex lesions are significantly impaired on almost all executive tasks, WM tasks, and the IGT. Furthermore, when the IGT is run under risk, there are significant correlations between executive measures and the IGT for the DLPFC patients and the control participants (N = 34) but not the VMPFC patients. No correlation was found between WM tasks and the IGT for both frontal subgroups and control participants. These findings suggested that the mechanisms underlying the IGT deficit differ according to the lesion locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ouerchefani
- High Institute of Human Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Psychology of Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, France
| | | | - Philippe Allain
- Laboratory of Psychology of Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, France
| | | | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratory of Psychology of Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), University of Angers, France
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Costini O, Roy A, Remigereau C, Faure S, Fossoud C, Le Gall D. Nature and Specificity of Gestural Disorder in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Multiple Case Study. Front Psychol 2017; 8:995. [PMID: 28725201 PMCID: PMC5495855 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Praxis assessment in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is usually based on tests of adult apraxia, by comparing across types of gestures and input modalities. However, the cognitive models of adult praxis processing are rarely used in a comprehensive and critical interpretation. These models generally involve two systems: a conceptual system and a production system. Heterogeneity of deficits is consistently reported in DCD, involving other cognitive skills such as executive or visual-perceptual and visuospatial functions. Surprisingly, few researches examined the impact of these functions in gestural production. Our study aimed at discussing the nature and specificity of the gestural deficit in DCD using a multiple case study approach. Method: Tasks were selected and adapted from protocols proposed in adult apraxia, in order to enable a comprehensive assessment of gestures. This included conceptual tasks (knowledge about tool functions and actions; recognition of gestures), representational (transitive, intransitive), and non-representational gestures (imitation of meaningless postures). We realized an additional assessment of constructional abilities and other cognitive domains (executive functions, visual-perceptual and visuospatial functions). Data from 27 patients diagnosed with DCD were collected. Neuropsychological profiles were classified using an inferential clinical analysis based on the modified t-test, by comparison with 100 typically developing children divided into five age groups (from 7 to 13 years old). Results: Among the 27 DCD patients, we first classified profiles that are characterized by impairment in tasks assessing perceptual visual or visuospatial skills (n = 8). Patients with a weakness in executive functions (n = 6) were then identified, followed by those with an impaired performance in conceptual knowledge tasks (n = 4). Among the nine remaining patients, six could be classified as having a visual spatial/visual constructional dyspraxia. Gestural production deficits were variable between and within profiles. Discussion: This study confirmed the heterogeneity of gestural production deficit among children with a diagnosis of DCD, at both intra- and inter-individual levels. The contribution of other cognitive deficits in most of the profiles allows discussing the specificity of gestural difficulties. This argues in favor of the necessity to distinguish gestural problems with other deficits made apparent through gesture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orianne Costini
- Unité Vision & Cognition, Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de RothschildParis, France.,Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, CNRS UMR 8242, Centre Biomédical des Saints-Pères, Université Paris DescartesParis, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, EA4638, Université Nantes Angers Le MansNantes, France.,Centre de Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage, Hôpital Mère-Enfant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NantesNantes, France.,Centre de Compétence Nantais de Neurofibromatose, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NantesNantes, France
| | - Chrystelle Remigereau
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, EA4638, Université Nantes Angers Le MansNantes, France.,Centre de Référent des Troubles d'Apprentissage, Hôpital Mère-Enfant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NantesNantes, France
| | - Sylvane Faure
- Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Psychologie Cognitives et Sociales, EA 7278, Université Nice Sophia AntipolisNice, France
| | - Catherine Fossoud
- Centre de Référence des Troubles des Apprentissages, Hôpitaux Pédiatriques de Nice CHU-LenvalNice, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, EA4638, Université Nantes Angers Le MansNantes, France
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Bellaj T, Ben Jemaa S, Khelifa M, Ben Djebara M, Gouider R, Le Gall D. The Development of the Dementia Screening Battery-100: Instrument Presentation, Reliability, and Construct Validity. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2017; 7:215-229. [PMID: 28690635 PMCID: PMC5498961 DOI: 10.1159/000477437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim The screening of dementia in non-Westerners has so far relied on translations and adaptations of reputed instruments. Other efforts focused on developing culturally appropriate tests or tests in touch with new developments in the field. This study presents the rationale behind the construction of a new dementia screening test: the Dementia Screening Battery-100 (DSB-100). Methods The DSB-100 was administered to 46 demented individuals and 159 healthy matched controls. All demented participants met the DSM-IV criteria for dementia. The healthy controls showed no cognitive impairment and were independent in activities of daily living. The DSB-100 was administered as part of a larger neuropsychological assessment to collect additional indices on the severity of patients' dementia, depression, and frontal dysfunctions. The same information was used for comparisons with DSB-100 scores. Results Multiple regression analysis suggested that age and education, but not the variable sex, are essential in predicting cognitive performance. Construct validation yielded 4 factors, namely attention-visuospatial factors, memory, language, and executive functions. The results showed that the DSB-100 has a high interrater reliability and an acceptable overall internal homogeneity. Conclusion These results validate the DSB-100 and suggest its appropriateness for dementia screening in Tunisian elderly and possibly elderly people from other cultures with modifications to some subscales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Bellaj
- Psychology Program, Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sonia Ben Jemaa
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences of Tunis, Tunis University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maher Khelifa
- Psychology Program, Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, University of Angers, Bretagne-Loire University, Angers, France
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Baumard J, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Jarry C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Tool use in neurodegenerative diseases: Planning or technical reasoning? J Neuropsychol 2017; 12:409-426. [PMID: 28455846 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent works showed that tool use can be impaired in stroke patients because of either planning or technical reasoning deficits, but these two hypotheses have not yet been compared in the field of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to address the relationships between real tool use, mechanical problem-solving, and planning skills in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 32), semantic dementia (SD, n = 16), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS, n = 9). Patients were asked to select and use ten common tools, to solve three mechanical problems, and to complete the Tower of London test. Motor function and episodic memory were controlled using the Purdue Pegboard Test and the BEC96 questionnaire, respectively. A data-transformation method was applied to avoid ceiling effects, and single-case analysis was performed based on raw scores and completion time. All groups demonstrated either impaired or slowed tool use. Planning deficits were found only in the AD group. Mechanical problem-solving deficits were observed only in the AD and CBS groups. Performance in the Tower of London test was the best predictor of tool use skills in the AD group, suggesting these patients had general rather than mechanical problem-solving deficits. Episodic memory seemed to play little role in performance. Motor dysfunction tended to be associated with tool use skills in CBS patients, while tool use disorders are interpreted as a consequence of the semantic loss in SD in line with previous works. These findings may encourage caregivers to set up disease-centred interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, France.,Neuropsychological Unit, Neurological Hospital Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France
| | | | - Christophe Jarry
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, France.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, France.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, France.,French Universitary Institute, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, France.,Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, France
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Remigereau C, Roy A, Costini O, Barbarot S, Bru M, Le Gall D. Praxis skills and executive function in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. Applied Neuropsychology: Child 2017; 7:224-234. [DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2017.1295856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chrystelle Remigereau
- a Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), UBL , Brittany-Loire University , Angers , France.,b Reference Center for Learning Disabilities , University Hospital of Nantes , Nantes , France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- a Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), UBL , Brittany-Loire University , Angers , France.,c Neurofibromatosis Clinic and Reference Center for Learning Disabilities , University Hospital of Nantes , Nantes , France
| | - Orianne Costini
- a Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), UBL , Brittany-Loire University , Angers , France.,d Pediatric Unit for Learning Disabilities , University Hospital of Nice , Nice , France
| | - Sébastien Barbarot
- e Neurofibromatosis Clinic , University Hospital of Nantes , Nantes , France
| | - Marie Bru
- b Reference Center for Learning Disabilities , University Hospital of Nantes , Nantes , France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- a Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), UBL , Brittany-Loire University , Angers , France
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Ouerchefani R, Ouerchefani N, Allain P, Ben Rejeb MR, Le Gall D. Contribution of different regions of the prefrontal cortex and lesion laterality to deficit of decision-making on the Iowa Gambling Task. Brain Cogn 2017; 111:73-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Er-Rafiqi M, Roukoz C, Le Gall D, Roy A. Les fonctions exécutives chez l’enfant : développement, influences culturelles et perspectives cliniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3917/rne.091.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Lesourd M, Baumard J, Jarry C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Le Gall D, Osiurak F. Les multiples facettes des pantomimes d’utilisation d’outils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3917/rne.092.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Remigereau C, Roy A, Costini O, Osiurak F, Jarry C, Le Gall D. Involvement of Technical Reasoning More Than Functional Knowledge in Development of Tool Use in Childhood. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1625. [PMID: 27877141 PMCID: PMC5099152 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-known that even toddlers are able to manipulate tools in an appropriate manner according to their physical properties. The ability of children to make novel tools in order to solve problems is, however, surprisingly limited. In adults, mechanical problem solving (MPS) has been proposed to be supported by "technical reasoning skills," which are thought to be involved in every situation requiring the use of a tool (whether conventional or unusual). The aim of this study was to investigate the typical development of real tool use (RTU) skills and its link with technical reasoning abilities in healthy children. Three experimental tasks were adapted from those used with adults: MPS (three different apparatus), RTU (10 familiar tool-object pairs), and functional knowledge (FK; 10 functional picture matching with familiar tools previously used). The tasks were administered to 85 healthy children divided into six age groups (from 6 to 14 years of age). The results revealed that RTU (p = 0.01) and MPS skills improve with age, even if this improvement differs according to the apparatus for the latter (p < 0.01 for the Hook task and p < 0.05 for the Sloping task). Results also showed that MPS is a better predictor of RTU than FK, with a significant and greater weight (importance weight: 0.65; Estimate ± Standard Error: 0.27 ± 0.08). Ours findings suggest that RTU and technical reasoning develop jointly in children, independently from development of FK. In addition, technical reasoning appears partially operative from the age of six onward, even though the outcome of these skills depends of the context in which they are applied (i.e., the type of apparatus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystelle Remigereau
- Department of Psychology, Psychology Laboratory, LUNAM, University of AngersAngers, France; Reference Center for Learning Disabilities, Nantes University HospitalNantes, France
| | - Arnaud Roy
- Department of Psychology, Psychology Laboratory, LUNAM, University of AngersAngers, France; Reference Center for Learning Disabilities, Nantes University HospitalNantes, France; Neurofibromatosis Clinic, Nantes University HospitalNantes, France
| | - Orianne Costini
- CNRS UMR 8158, Psychology Laboratory of PerceptionParis, France; Neurology Service, Rothschild Ophthalmological FoundationParis, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms, University of LyonLyon, France; University Institute of FranceParis, France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- Department of Psychology, Psychology Laboratory, LUNAM, University of Angers Angers, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Department of Psychology, Psychology Laboratory, LUNAM, University of AngersAngers, France; Department of Neurology, Angers University HospitalAngers, France
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Roussel M, Lhommée E, Narme P, Czernecki V, Gall DL, Krystkowiak P, Diouf M, Godefroy O. Dysexecutive syndrome in Parkinson’s disease: the GREFEX study. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition 2016; 24:496-507. [DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2016.1226248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martine Roussel
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Functional Neurosciences EA 4559, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Eugénie Lhommée
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorder Unit, Inserm, U836, University Hospital of Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Pauline Narme
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Functional Neurosciences EA 4559, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France
- Department of Psychology Descartes, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Czernecki
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Paris La Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Department of Psychology and Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Pierre Krystkowiak
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Functional Neurosciences EA 4559, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Momar Diouf
- Department of Biostatistics, University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Olivier Godefroy
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Functional Neurosciences EA 4559, SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France
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Baumard J, Lesourd M, Jarry C, Merck C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Belliard S, Moreaud O, Croisile B, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Tool use disorders in neurodegenerative diseases: Roles of semantic memory and technical reasoning. Cortex 2016; 82:119-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lesourd M, Baumard J, Jarry C, Le Gall D, Osiurak F. A cognitive-based model of tool use in normal aging. Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 2016; 24:363-386. [PMID: 27685704 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2016.1218822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
While several cognitive domains have been widely investigated in the field of aging, the age-related effects on tool use are still an open issue and hardly any studies on tool use and aging is available. A significant body of literature has indicated that tool use skills might be supported by at least two different types of knowledge, namely, mechanical knowledge and semantic knowledge. However, neither the contribution of these kinds of knowledge to familiar tool use, nor the effects of aging on mechanical and semantic knowledge have been explored in normal aging. The aim of the present study was to fill this gap. To do so, 98 healthy elderly adults were presented with three tasks: a classical, familiar tool use task, a novel tool use task assessing mechanical knowledge, and a picture matching task assessing semantic knowledge. The results showed that aging has a negative impact on tool use tasks and on knowledge supporting tool use skills. We also found that aging did not impact mechanical and semantic knowledge in the same way, confirming the distinct nature of those forms of knowledge. Finally, our results stressed that mechanical and semantic knowledge are both involved in the ability to use familiar tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lesourd
- a Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082) , Université de Lyon , Lyon , France
| | - Josselin Baumard
- b Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638) , Université d'Angers , Angers , France.,c Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers , Angers , France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- b Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638) , Université d'Angers , Angers , France.,c Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers , Angers , France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- b Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638) , Université d'Angers , Angers , France.,c Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers , Angers , France
| | - François Osiurak
- a Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082) , Université de Lyon , Lyon , France.,d Institut Universitaire de France , Paris , France
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Besnard J, Allain P, Lerma V, Aubin G, Chauviré V, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Le Gall D. Frontal versus dysexecutive syndromes: relevance of an interactionist approach in a case series of patients with prefrontal lobe damage. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2016; 28:919-936. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2016.1209420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Besnard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Philippe Allain
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Vanesa Lerma
- Department of Psychology, St. Edward’s University, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ghislaine Aubin
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Regional Centre for Functional Rehabilitation, Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
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Jarry C, Osiurak F, Besnard J, Baumard J, Lesourd M, Croisile B, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Le Gall D. Tool use in left brain damage and Alzheimer's disease: What about function and manipulation knowledge? J Neuropsychol 2016; 10:154-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Jarry
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638); University of Angers; France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082); University of Lyon; France
- French Universitary Institute; Paris France
| | - Jérémy Besnard
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638); University of Angers; France
| | - Josselin Baumard
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638); University of Angers; France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082); University of Lyon; France
| | - Bernard Croisile
- Neuropsychological Unit; Neurological Hospital Pierre Wertheimer; Bron France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638); University of Angers; France
- Department of Neurology; University Hospital of Angers; France
- Neuropsychological Unit; Department of Neurology; University Hospital of Angers; France
| | | | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638); University of Angers; France
- Department of Neurology; University Hospital of Angers; France
- Neuropsychological Unit; Department of Neurology; University Hospital of Angers; France
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