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Loganzo F, Hari M, Annable T, Tan X, Morilla DB, Musto S, Zask A, Kaplan J, Minnick AA, May MK, Ayral-Kaloustian S, Poruchynsky MS, Fojo T, Greenberger LM. Cells resistant to HTI-286 do not overexpress P-glycoprotein but have reduced drug accumulation and a point mutation in α-tubulin. Mol Cancer Ther 2004. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.1319.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
HTI-286, a synthetic analogue of hemiasterlin, depolymerizes microtubules and is proposed to bind at the Vinca peptide site in tubulin. It has excellent in vivo antitumor activity in human xenograft models, including tumors that express P-glycoprotein, and is in phase II clinical evaluation. To identify potential mechanisms of resistance induced by HTI-286, KB-3-1 epidermoid carcinoma cells were exposed to increasing drug concentrations. When maintained in 4.0 nmol/L HTI-286, cells had 12-fold resistance to HTI-286. Cross-resistance was observed to other Vinca peptide-binding agents, including hemiasterlin A, dolastatin-10, and vinblastine (7- to 28-fold), and DNA-damaging drugs, including Adriamycin and mitoxantrone (16- to 57-fold), but minimal resistance was seen to taxanes, epothilones, or colchicine (1- to 4-fold). Resistance to HTI-286 was retained when KB-HTI-resistant cells were grown in athymic mice. Accumulation of [3H]HTI-286 was lower in cells selected in intermediate (2.5 nmol/L) and high (4.0 nmol/L) concentrations of HTI-286 compared with parental cells, whereas accumulation of [14C]paclitaxel was unchanged. Sodium azide treatment partially reversed low HTI-286 accumulation, suggesting involvement of an ATP-dependent drug pump. KB-HTI-resistant cells did not overexpress P-glycoprotein, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2/MXR), MRP1, or MRP3. No mutations were found in the major β-tubulin isoform. However, 4.0 nmol/L HTI-286-selected cells had a point mutation in α-tubulin that substitutes Ser for Ala12 near the nonexchangeable GTP-binding site of α-tubulin. KB-HTI-resistant cells removed from drug became less resistant to HTI-286, no longer had low HTI-286 accumulation, and retained the Ala12 mutation. These data suggest that HTI-286 resistance may be partially mediated by mutation of α-tubulin and by an ATP-binding cassette drug pump distinct from P-glycoprotein, ABCG2, MRP1, or MRP3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Arie Zask
- 2Chemical and Screening Sciences, and
| | | | | | - Michael K. May
- 3Radiosynthesis Group, Wyeth Research, Pearl River, New York and
| | | | | | - Tito Fojo
- 4Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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Modrak DE, Draper MP, Levy SB. Emergence of different mechanisms of resistance in the evolution of multidrug resistance in murine erythroleukemia cell lines. Biochem Pharmacol 1997; 54:1297-306. [PMID: 9393672 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(97)00346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We examined the genetic and biochemical bases for drug resistance and the order of appearance of different mechanisms underlying the increasingly more resistant murine erythroleukemia cell lines established in Adriamycin (ADR). In the first-step low-level resistant cell line PC4-A5 (able to grow in 5 ng/mL ADR), there was a 2-fold reduction in topoisomerase IIalpha and topoisomerase IIbeta mRNA levels, as well as topoisomerase IIalpha protein and activity levels as compared with the parental cell line. The topoisomerase IIalpha activity levels remained reduced as the cells became increasingly more resistant. In contrast, the topoisomerase II mRNA and protein levels returned to approximately the parental levels in resistant cells growing in higher drug concentrations (40-160 ng/mL). Parental cells expressed the multidrug resistance protein (MRP), but beginning with PC4-A5 MRP expression decreased and remained reduced in increasingly resistant cell lines. At high levels of ADR resistance, the cells expressed the mdr3 gene concomitant with the appearance of vincristine resistance and energy-dependent daunomycin and vincristine efflux. Glutathione levels, internal pH, and expression of the major vault protein (MVP) remained unchanged in all cell lines. Fluorescence microscopy revealed no alterations in daunomycin distribution or vesicle numbers between the parental and resistant cell lines. Different resistance mechanisms emerge sequentially as cells become more resistant to ADR; the mechanisms are retained during the development of multidrug resistance (MDR). In intermediate-level MDR cell lines (PC4-A10 and PC4-A20), resistance involves an as yet undetermined mechanism(s).
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/genetics
- Animals
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/metabolism
- Daunorubicin/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Etoposide/metabolism
- Glutathione/analysis
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/pathology
- Mice
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Modrak
- Center for Adaptation Genetics and Drug Resistance, and the Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, U.S.A
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Hepatobiliary elimination of cationic drugs: the role of P-glycoproteins and other ATP-dependent transporters. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(97)00498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Chen G, Durán GE, Steger KA, Lacayo NJ, Jaffrézou JP, Dumontet C, Sikic BI. Multidrug-resistant human sarcoma cells with a mutant P-glycoprotein, altered phenotype, and resistance to cyclosporins. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:5974-82. [PMID: 9038218 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.9.5974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A variant of the multidrug-resistant human sarcoma cell line Dx5 was derived by co-selection with doxorubicin and the cyclosporin D analogue PSC 833, a potent inhibitor of the multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein. The variant DxP cells manifest an altered phenotype compared with Dx5, with decreased cross-resistance to Vinca alkaloids and no resistance to dactinomycin. Resistance to doxorubicin and paclitaxel is retained. The multidrug resistance phenotype of DxP cells is not modulated by 2 microM PSC 833 or cyclosporine. DxP cells manifest a decreased ability to transport [3H]cyclosporine. DNA heteroduplex analysis and sequencing reveal a mutant mdr1 gene (deletion of a phenylalanine at amino acid residue 335) in the DxP cell line. The mutant P-glycoprotein has a decreased affinity for PSC 833 and vinblastine and a decreased ability to transport rhodamine 123. Transfection of the mutant mdr1 gene into drug-sensitive MES-SA sarcoma cells confers resistance to both doxorubicin and PSC 833. Our study demonstrates that survival of cells exposed to doxorubicin and PSC 833 in a multistep selection occurred as a result of a P-glycoprotein mutation in transmembrane region 6. These data suggest that Phe335 is an important binding site on P-glycoprotein for substrates such as dactinomycin and vinblastine and for inhibitors such as cyclosporine and PSC 833.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chen
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5306, USA
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