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de Lange P, Segeren CM, Koper JW, Wiemer E, Sonneveld P, Brinkmann AO, White A, Brogan IJ, de Jong FH, Lamberts SWJ. Expression in Hematological Malignancies of a Glucocorticoid Receptor Splice Variant That Augments Glucocorticoid Receptor-mediated Effects in Transfected Cells. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.3937.61.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glucocorticoids play an important role in the treatment of a number of hematological malignancies, such as multiple myeloma. The effects of glucocorticoids are mediated through the glucocorticoid receptor α, the abundance of which can be modulated by alternative splicing of the glucocorticoid receptor mRNA. Two splice variants of the glucocorticoid receptor mRNA have been described: glucocorticoid receptor β, which reportedly has a dominant negative effect on the actions of the glucocorticoid receptor α, and glucocorticoid receptor P, of which the effects are unknown. In this study, we have investigated the expression levels of these two splice variants at the mRNA level in multiple myeloma cells and in a number of other hematological tumors. Although the glucocorticoid receptor β mRNA was, if at all, expressed at very low levels, considerable amounts (up to 50% of the total glucocorticoid receptor mRNA) glucocorticoid receptor P mRNA was present in most hematological malignancies. In transient transfection studies in several cell types and in multiple myeloma cell lines, the glucocorticoid receptor P increased the activity of the glucocorticoid receptor α. These results suggest that the relative levels of the glucocorticoid receptor α and the glucocorticoid receptor P may play a role in the occurrence of glucocorticoid resistance in tumor cells during the treatment of hematological malignancies with glucocorticoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter de Lange
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
| | - Christine M. Segeren
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
| | - Jan W. Koper
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
| | - Erik Wiemer
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
| | - Pieter Sonneveld
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
| | - Albert O. Brinkmann
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
| | - Anne White
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
| | - Iain J. Brogan
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
| | - Frank H. de Jong
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
| | - Steven W. J. Lamberts
- Departments of Internal Medicine [P. d. L., J. W. K., F. H. d. J., S. W. J. L.], Hematology [C. M. S., E. W., P. S.], and Endocrinology and Reproduction [A. O. B.], Erasmus University Rotterdam and University Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and Endocrine Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom [A. W., I. J. B.]
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Mirshahi M, Valamanesh F, Golestaneh N, Mirshahi P, Vincent L, Tang R, Agarwal MK. Mineralocorticoid hormones exert dramatic effects on pluripotent human stem cell progeny. Int J Toxicol 2003; 22:297-304. [PMID: 12933324 DOI: 10.1080/10915810305118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The authors studied mineralocorticoid receptor (MCR)-mediated effects of steroids on CD34(+) progenitor cells. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed the presence of mRNA for both the MCR and the alpha subunit of the epithelial sodium channel, a member of the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (ASSC) superfamily, in human CD41(+) megacaryoblastic cells derived from cultured bone marrow CD34(+) isolates, as well as in the human erythromegakaryoblastic leukemia (HEL) cell line. Immunofluorescence also revealed the presence of both the MCR and ASSC in circulating CD34(+) and medullar CD41(+) megacaryoblastic cells, the former as a nucleocytoplasmic protein and the latter as a membrane-bound protein, as expected from earlier studies using MCR-specific targets. In a selective medium, the formation of erythrocyte burst-forming units, and of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units, by circulating CD34(+) cells was influenced by the agonists deoxycorticosterone and aldosterone, as well as by the antagonists RU 26752 and ZK 91587, targeted for the MCR. The multiplication of the leukemic HEL progeny, derived from CD41(+) cells, was similarly altered by these steroids targeted for the MCR. In contrast, in the optimal growth medium, the multiplication, and colony formation by bone marrow CD34(+) progenitor cells were not altered by either aldosterone or ZK 91587. These and other studies reveal that the receptor-mediated action of mineralocorticoids may influence the functional maturation of the hematopoietic progenitor lineage, contrary to the classical notion where the mineralotropic effect would be a unique feature of the epithelial cell.
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Mirshahi M, Mirshahi S, Golestaneh N, Mishal Z, Nicolas C, Hecquet C, Agarwal MK. Demonstration of the mineralocorticoid hormone receptor and action in human leukemic cell lines. Leukemia 2000; 14:1097-104. [PMID: 10865975 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We studied the expression of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MCR), and of the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (ASSC) regulated by the MCR, in human leukemic cell lines. Cell extracts from TF1 (proerythroblastic), HEL (human erythroblastic leukemia) and U937 (myeloblastic) cell line were positive for the ASSC, as a 82 kDa band in Western blots developed with the aid of a polyclonal antibody raised against the peptide QGLGKGDKREEQGL, corresponding to the region 44-58 of the alpha subunit of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) cloned from rat colon, linked to KLH. The polyclonal antibody against the MCR revealed a single band of about 102 kDa in extracts from HEL and TF1 cells. The immunofluorescent labelling of the MCR in all cell lines showed a nucleocytoplasmic localization of the receptor but the ASSC was exclusively membrane-bound and these results were confirmed by confocal microscopy. The expression of the MCR in the HEL cells was evident as a predicted band of 843 bp (234 amino acids) in electrophoresis of the PCR product obtained after total RNA had been reverse transcribed and then amplified using the primers 5'-AGGCTACCACAGTCTCCCTG-3' and 5'-GCAGTGTAAAATCTCCAGTC-3' (sense and antisense, respectively). The ENaC was similarly evident with the aid of the primers 5'-CTGCCmATG GATGATGGT-3' (sense) and 5'-GTTCAGCTCGAAGAAGA-3' (antisense) as a predicted band of 520 bp. In both cases, 100% identity was observed between the sequences of the PCR products compared to those from known human sources. The multiplication of the HEL cells was influenced by antagonists (RU 26752, ZK 91587) targeted for specificity to the MCR and this was selectively reversed by the natural hormone aldosterone. These steroids also provoked chromatin condensation in the HEL population. These permit new and novel possibilities to understand the pathobiology of human leukemia and to delineate sodium-water homeostasis in nonepithelial cells.
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