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Abstract
Owing to the unique physical and chemical properties of carbon nanotubes, they have been widely explored as delivery vectors for proteins, and nucleic acid etc. after functionalization. Particularly, the modification of carbon nanotubes suited for the delivery of siRNA has been intensely studied over the past decade. The assay described in this chapter allows for realizable quantification of siRNA binding on carbon nanotube-based materials using gel electrophoresis and silencing by flow cytometry when the siRNA complexes are delivered in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Khuloud T Al-Jamal
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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Epanchintseva AV, Poletaeva JE, Pyshnyi DV, Ryabchikova EI, Pyshnaya IA. Long-term stability and scale-up of noncovalently bound gold nanoparticle-siRNA suspensions. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:2568-2578. [PMID: 31921536 PMCID: PMC6941443 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are a platform for the creation of nanoconstructions that can have a variety of functions, including the delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids. We previously designed a AuNP/small interfering RNA (siRNA) nanoconstruction consisting of siRNA noncovalently bound on the AuNP surface and showed that this construction, when coated with a lipid shell, was an efficient vehicle for the delivery of siRNA into cells. The goal of the present work was to study the possibility of scaling up the synthesis of AuNP-siRNA and its long-term storage without loss of physicochemical characteristics and siRNA duplex integrity as well as siRNA surface density. Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and electrophoresis were used to study the effect of scaling up the AuNP-siRNA synthesis and long term storage of its suspension on physicochemical properties of the samples and integrity of the siRNA duplex. It was shown that a ten-fold increase in the volume of the reaction mixture decreased the surface density of siRNA by about 10%, which influenced the corresponding physicochemical characteristics of the AuNP-siRNA suspension. The storage of the AuNP-siRNA suspension at 4 °C for different times resulted in the formation of particle clusters of high colloidal stability as demonstrated by conventional methods. These clusters completely disintegrated when albumin was added, indicating that they are agglomerates (and not aggregates) of AuNP-siRNA. The AuNPs-siRNA nanoconstruction demonstrated integrity of the siRNA duplex and high stability of the siRNA surface density during storage for seven months at 4 °C. Thus, it can be concluded that it is possible to scale-up the synthesis of noncovalent AuNP-siRNA and to obtain a nanoconstruction possessing high stability in terms of physicochemical characteristics and siRNA surface density for a long period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Epanchintseva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Lavrent’ev av., 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Julia E Poletaeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Lavrent’ev av., 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii V Pyshnyi
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Lavrent’ev av., 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Elena I Ryabchikova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Lavrent’ev av., 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Inna A Pyshnaya
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Lavrent’ev av., 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
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3
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Epanchintseva A, Dolodoev A, Grigor'eva A, Chelobanov B, Pyshnyi D, Ryabchikova E, Pyshnaya I. Non-covalent binding of nucleic acids with gold nanoparticles provides their stability and effective desorption in environment mimicking biological media. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:355601. [PMID: 29851383 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aac933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability of gold nanoparticles to bind different substances has resulted in the high interest of researchers determining their usage as a promising carrier of various biological substances including nucleic acids (NAs) for therapeutic applications. Most publications report covalent binding (conjugation) of an NA to spherical AuNPs via the Au-S bond. In this work, we obtained non-covalent associates of different ssDNA, ssRNA and siRNAs with spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and examined their physico-chemical properties and stability in media mimicking intracellular space (bacterial 'cytosol') and cell culture media (10% FBS in DMEM). The 'cytosol' was obtained from E. coli and possessed nuclease activity. For the first time, we used the phosphoryl guanidine (dimethylimidazolidin-2-imine, Dmi) group for modification of 3'-ends to enhance the stability of ssRNAs and siRNAs against nuclease destruction. Trying to evaluate the material balance, we analyzed the whole nucleotide species obtained after incubation of NA-AuNPs associates in 'cytosol' and FBS and evaluated the degree of NAs destruction, a share of full-size NAs remained on the surface of the AuNPs and in the solution. Native ss- and siRNAs, both free and in composition of non-covalent associates with AuNPs, were less resistant to degrading factors than ssDNA. The introduction of two Dmi-groups into the ssDNA increased its stability in 'cytosol' three times within 2.5 h. Dmi-modified siRNAs in non-covalent associates with AuNPs were two times more stable than unmodified siRNA within 4 h. We showed that non-covalent siRNA-AuNPs associates serve as a kind of storage for full-size NAs and thereby prolong their presence in nuclease-active media. Our study showed that non-covalent binding of siRNAs with a surface of AuNPs provides desorption of both strands, which is necessary for siRNA functioning in living cells, and could be considered as an important way to construct siRNA and ssDNA delivery systems based on AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Epanchintseva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Luo X, Wang W, Dorkin JR, Veiseh O, Chang PH, Abutbul-Ionita I, Danino D, Langer R, Anderson DG, Dong Y. Poly(glycoamidoamine) brush nanomaterials for systemic siRNA delivery in vivo. Biomater Sci 2018; 5:38-40. [PMID: 27921096 DOI: 10.1039/c6bm00683c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Delivery is the key challenge for siRNA based therapeutics. Here, we report the development of new poly(glycoamidoamine) brush nanomaterials for efficient siRNA delivery. GluN4C10 polymer brush nanoparticles, a lead material, demonstrated significantly improved delivery efficiency for siRNA against factor VII (FVII) in mice compared to poly(glycoamidoamine) brush nanomaterials reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Luo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - W Wang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - J R Dorkin
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - O Veiseh
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P H Chang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - I Abutbul-Ionita
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - D Danino
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion Institute of Technology and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - R Langer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA and Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - D G Anderson
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. and Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA and Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Y Dong
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA and The Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA and The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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