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Verbeecke V, Custódio L, Strobbe S, Van Der Straeten D. The role of orphan crops in the transition to nutritional quality-oriented crop improvement. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108242. [PMID: 37640278 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition is a persisting problem threatening global human health. Biofortification via metabolic engineering has been proposed as a cost-effective and short-term means to alleviate this burden. There has been a recent rise in the recognition of potential that underutilized, orphan crops can hold in decreasing malnutrition concerns. Here, we illustrate how orphan crops can serve as a medium to provide micronutrients to populations in need, whilst promoting and maintaining dietary diversity. We provide a roadmap, illustrating which aspects to be taken into consideration when evaluating orphan crops. Recent developments have shown successful biofortification via metabolic engineering in staple crops. This review provides guidance in the implementation of these successes to relevant orphan crop species, with a specific focus on the relevant micronutrients iron, zinc, provitamin A and folates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Verbeecke
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laura Custódio
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Simon Strobbe
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Van Der Straeten
- Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Jia T, Tang T, Cheng B, Li Z, Peng Y. Development of two protocols for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of white clover (Trifolium repens) via the callus system. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:150. [PMID: 37131967 PMCID: PMC10148932 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03591-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
White clover (Trifolium repens) is one of the most widely cultivated livestock forage plants whose persistence is severely affected by abiotic stresses. For the white clover, efficient regeneration systems is still a great necessity. In this study, inoculating 4-day-old cotyledons into MS media fortified with 0.4 mg·L-1 6-BA and 2 mg·L-1 2,4-D significantly increased the callus induction rate. Roots and cotyledons proved to be better explants, followed by hypocotyls, leaves, and petioles for callus induction. The development of differentiated structures occurred effectively on MS supplemented with 1 mg·L-1 6-BA and 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA. To increase transformation, we investigated various factors affecting the Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation in white clover. The optimal conditions for root-derived callus and 4-day-old cotyledons were as follows: Agrobacterium suspension density with OD600 of 0.5, 20 mg·L-1 AS, and 4 days of co-cultivation duration. Subsequently, we developed two transformation protocols: transformation after callus induction from 4-day-old roots (Protocol A) and transformation before initiation of callus from cotyledons (Protocol B). The transformation frequencies varied from 1.92 to 3.17% in Protocol A and from 2.76 to 3.47% in Protocol B. We report the possibility to regenerate multiple transgenic white clover plants from a single genetic background. Our research may also contribute to successful genetic manipulation and genome editing in white clover. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03591-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Jia
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Tao Tang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Bizhen Cheng
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Zhou Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yan Peng
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
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Cordeiro D, Alves A, Ferraz R, Casimiro B, Canhoto J, Correia S. An Efficient Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation Method for Solanum betaceum Cav. Embryogenic Callus. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1202. [PMID: 36904062 PMCID: PMC10005457 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis in Solanum betaceum (tamarillo) has proven to be an effective model system for studying morphogenesis, since optimized plant regeneration protocols are available, and embryogenic competent cell lines can be induced from different explants. Nevertheless, an efficient genetic transformation system for embryogenic callus (EC) has not yet been implemented for this species. Here, an optimized faster protocol of genetic transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens is described for EC. The sensitivity of EC to three antibiotics was determined, and kanamycin proved to be the best selective agent for tamarillo callus. Two Agrobacterium strains, EHA105 and LBA4404, both harboring the p35SGUSINT plasmid, carrying the reporter gene for β-glucuronidase (gus) and the marker gene neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII), were used to test the efficiency of the process. To increase the success of the genetic transformation, a cold-shock treatment, coconut water, polyvinylpyrrolidone and an appropriate selection schedule based on antibiotic resistance were employed. The genetic transformation was evaluated by GUS assay and PCR-based techniques, and a 100% efficiency rate was confirmed in the kanamycin-resistant EC clumps. Genetic transformation with the EHA105 strain resulted in higher values for gus insertion in the genome. The protocol presented provides a useful tool for functional gene analysis and biotechnology approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cordeiro
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Alves
- BioISI—Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Casimiro
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Canhoto
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Correia
- Centre for Functional Ecology, TERRA Associate Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- InnovPlantProtect CoLab, Estrada de Gil Vaz, 7350-478 Elvas, Portugal
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Noureen A, Zuhaib Khan M, Amin I, Zainab T, Ahmad N, Haider S, Mansoor S. Broad-spectrum resistance against multiple PVY-strains by CRSIPR/Cas13 system in Solanum tuberosum crop. GM CROPS & FOOD 2022; 13:97-111. [PMID: 35652435 PMCID: PMC9176253 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2080481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) is a deadly environmental constraint that damages productivity of potato (Solanum tuberosum) around the globe. One of the major challenges is to develop resistance against PVY. Emerging clustered regularly short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas systems have the potential to develop resistance against PVY. In the current research, CRISPR-Cas13 has been exploited to target multiple strains of PVYN, PVYO, and PVYNTN. Multiple genes PI, HC-Pro, P3, Cl1, Cl2, and VPg genes of PVY were targeted by CRISPR/Cas13a. Multiplex gRNA cassettes were developed on the conserved regions of the PVY-genes. Three independent CRISPR/Cas13 transgenic potato lines were developed by applying an optimized concentration of trans-ribo zeatin and indole acetic acid at callus development, rooting, and shooting growth stages. The level of resistance in transgenic plants was confirmed through double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time quantitative PCR. Our results have shown that efficiency of PVY inhibition was positively correlated with the Cas13a/sgRNA expression. Finding provides the specific functionality of Cas13 with specific gRNA cassette and engineering the potential resistance in potato crop against multiple strains of PVY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azka Noureen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), A Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan.,University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (UIBB), Pir Mehr Ali Shah- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zuhaib Khan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), A Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Amin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), A Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Zainab
- University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (UIBB), Pir Mehr Ali Shah- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.,National Centre for Industrial Biotechnology (NCIB), Pir Mehr Ali Shah- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), A Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sibtain Haider
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), A Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), A Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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