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Samad MA, Saiman MZ, Abdul Majid N, Karsani SA, Yaacob JS. Berberine and RNAi-Targeting Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) and/or Telomerase RNA Component (TERC) Caused Oxidation in Colorectal Cancer Cell Line, HCT 116: An Integrative Approach using Molecular and Metabolomic Studies. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:153-173. [PMID: 38198024 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer in both men and women and is associated with increased telomerase levels and activity. The potential downstream effects of TERT and/or TERC downregulation by berberine (a telomerase inhibitor) or RNA interference (RNAi) on various target RNAs, proteins, relative telomerase activity (RTA), relative telomere length (RTL), hydrogen peroxide concentration [H2O2], percentage of cell cycle distribution, cell size and granularity as well as cellular metabolites were explored in HCT 116 cell line. Knockdown of TERT decreased TERC. The downregulation of TERT and/or TERC caused increment of [H2O2], G0/G1 phase arrest in addition to decreased S and G2/M phases, as well as diminished cell size. RTL was later reduced as a result of TERT, TERT and/or TERC downregulation which decreased RTA. It was discovered that xanthine oxidase (XO) was significantly and positively correlated at FDR-adjusted p value < 0.05 with RTA, TERT, TERT, TERC, and RTL. HCT 116 with decreased RTA was closely clustered in the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicating similarity of the metabolic profile. A total of 55 metabolites were putatively annotated in this study, potentially associated with RTA levels. The Debiased Sparse Partial Correlation (DSPC) Network revealed that RTA was directly correlated to TERT. There were 4 metabolic pathways significantly affected by low level of RTA which include (1) purine metabolism, (2) glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, (3) glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and (4) aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. The Gene-Metabolite Interaction Network implied that reduced RTA level was related to the mechanism of oxidative stress. This study reveals the linkages between RTA to various selected RNAs, proteins, metabolites, oxidative stress mechanism and subsequently phenotypic changes in HCT 116 which is valuable to understand the intricate biological interactions and mechanism of telomerase in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azizan Samad
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- INFRA High Impact Research (HIR), HIR Building, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zuwairi Saiman
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Lunghi E, Bilandžija H. Telomere length and dynamics in Astyanax mexicanus cave and surface morphs. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16957. [PMID: 38435987 PMCID: PMC10908260 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Telomeres are non-coding DNA repeats at the chromosome ends and their shortening is considered one of the major causes of aging. However, they also serve as a biomarker of environmental exposures and their length and attrition is affected by various stressors. In this study, we examined the average telomere length in Astyanax mexicanus, a species that has both surface-dwelling and cave-adapted populations. The cave morph descended from surface ancestors and adapted to a markedly different environment characterized by specific biotic and abiotic stressors, many of which are known to affect telomere length. Our objective was to explore whether telomere length differs between the two morphs and whether it serves as a biological marker of aging or correlates with the diverse environments the morphs are exposed to. Methods We compared telomere length and shortening between laboratory-reared Pachón cavefish and Rio Choy surface fish of A. mexicanus across different tissues and ages. Results Astyanax mexicanus surface fish exhibited longer average telomere length compared to cavefish. In addition, we did not observe telomere attrition in either cave or surface form as a result of aging in adults up to 9 years old, suggesting that efficient mechanisms prevent telomere-mediated senescence in laboratory stocks of this species, at least within this time frame. Our results suggest that telomere length in Astyanax may be considered a biomarker of environmental exposures. Cavefish may have evolved shorter and energetically less costly telomeres due to the absence of potential stressors known to affect surface species, such as predator pressure and ultra-violet radiation. This study provides the first insights into telomere dynamics in Astyanax morphs and suggests that shorter telomeres may have evolved as an adaptation to caves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Lunghi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Helena Bilandžija
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruder Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Li J, Xiong M, Fu XH, Fan Y, Dong C, Sun X, Zheng F, Wang SW, Liu L, Xu M, Wang C, Ping J, Che S, Wang Q, Yang K, Zuo Y, Lu X, Zheng Z, Lan T, Wang S, Ma S, Sun S, Zhang B, Chen CS, Cheng KY, Ye J, Qu J, Xue Y, Yang YG, Zhang F, Zhang W, Liu GH. Determining a multimodal aging clock in a cohort of Chinese women. MED 2023; 4:825-848.e13. [PMID: 37516104 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translating aging rejuvenation strategies into clinical practice has the potential to address the unmet needs of the global aging population. However, to successfully do so requires precise quantification of aging and its reversal in a way that encompasses the complexity and variation of aging. METHODS Here, in a cohort of 113 healthy women, tiled in age from young to old, we identified a repertoire of known and previously unknown markers associated with age based on multimodal measurements, including transcripts, proteins, metabolites, microbes, and clinical laboratory values, based on which an integrative aging clock and a suite of customized aging clocks were developed. FINDINGS A unified analysis of aging-associated traits defined four aging modalities with distinct biological functions (chronic inflammation, lipid metabolism, hormone regulation, and tissue fitness), and depicted waves of changes in distinct biological pathways peak around the third and fifth decades of life. We also demonstrated that the developed aging clocks could measure biological age and assess partial aging deceleration by hormone replacement therapy, a prevalent treatment designed to correct hormonal imbalances. CONCLUSIONS We established aging metrics that capture systemic physiological dysregulation, a valuable framework for monitoring the aging process and informing clinical development of aging rejuvenation strategies. FUNDING This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32121001), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFA1103700 and 2020YFA0804000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81502304), and the Quzhou Technology Projects (2022K46).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Muzhao Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Fu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China; Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Yanling Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Si-Wei Wang
- Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Lixiao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
| | - Cui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiale Ping
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shanshan Che
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuesheng Zuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zikai Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Si Wang
- Aging Biomarker Consortium, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Aging Biomarker Consortium, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuhui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chen-Shui Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China; Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Ke-Yun Cheng
- Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Jinlin Ye
- Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Jing Qu
- Aging Biomarker Consortium, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongbiao Xue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun-Gui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China; The Joint Innovation Center for Engineering in Medicine, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China; Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou 324000, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; Aging Biomarker Consortium, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Aging Biomarker Consortium, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
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Pawar P, Gokavi J, Wakhare S, Bagul R, Ghule U, Khan I, Ganu V, Mukherjee A, Shete A, Rao A, Saxena V. MiR-155 Negatively Regulates Anti-Viral Innate Responses among HIV-Infected Progressors. Viruses 2023; 15:2206. [PMID: 38005883 PMCID: PMC10675553 DOI: 10.3390/v15112206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV infection impairs host immunity, leading to progressive disease. An anti-retroviral treatment efficiently controls viremia but cannot completely restore the immune dysfunction in HIV-infected individuals. Both host and viral factors determine the rate of disease progression. Among the host factors, innate immunity plays a critical role; however, the mechanism(s) associated with dysfunctional innate responses are poorly understood among HIV disease progressors, which was investigated here. The gene expression profiles of TLRs and innate cytokines in HIV-infected (LTNPs and progressors) and HIV-uninfected individuals were examined. Since the progressors showed a dysregulated TLR-mediated innate response, we investigated the role of TLR agonists in restoring the innate functions of the progressors. The stimulation of PBMCs with TLR3 agonist-poly:(I:C), TLR7 agonist-GS-9620 and TLR9 agonist-ODN 2216 resulted in an increased expression of IFN-α, IFN-β and IL-6. Interestingly, the expression of IFITM3, BST-2, IFITM-3, IFI-16 was also increased upon stimulation with TLR3 and TLR7 agonists, respectively. To further understand the molecular mechanism involved, the role of miR-155 was explored. Increased miR-155 expression was noted among the progressors. MiR-155 inhibition upregulated the expression of TLR3, NF-κB, IRF-3, TNF-α and the APOBEC-3G, IFITM-3, IFI-16 and BST-2 genes in the PBMCs of the progressors. To conclude, miR-155 negatively regulates TLR-mediated cytokines as wel l as the expression of host restriction factors, which play an important role in mounting anti-HIV responses; hence, targeting miR-155 might be helpful in devising strategic approaches towards alleviating HIV disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Pawar
- Division of Immunology and Serology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (P.P.); (J.G.); (S.W.); (V.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Jyotsna Gokavi
- Division of Immunology and Serology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (P.P.); (J.G.); (S.W.); (V.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Shilpa Wakhare
- Division of Immunology and Serology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (P.P.); (J.G.); (S.W.); (V.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Rajani Bagul
- Division of Clinical Sciences, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (R.B.); (U.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Ujjwala Ghule
- Division of Clinical Sciences, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (R.B.); (U.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Ishrat Khan
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (I.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Varada Ganu
- Division of Immunology and Serology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (P.P.); (J.G.); (S.W.); (V.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Anupam Mukherjee
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (I.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Ashwini Shete
- Division of Immunology and Serology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (P.P.); (J.G.); (S.W.); (V.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Amrita Rao
- Division of Clinical Sciences, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (R.B.); (U.G.); (A.R.)
| | - Vandana Saxena
- Division of Immunology and Serology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, India; (P.P.); (J.G.); (S.W.); (V.G.); (A.S.)
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Xu Y, Xie CB, Yang J, Xing YJ, Xia WP, Liu Y, Xi WB, Li ZJ, Tu WF, Zhang JL. Association between telomere length in the DNA of peripheral blood leukocytes and the propofol dose in anesthesia induction: an observational study. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY (ELSEVIER) 2023; 73:764-768. [PMID: 34119568 PMCID: PMC10625149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Propofol is a widely used anesthetic and its dose is closely related to aging. Telomere length (TL) is a unique heritable trait, and emerging as a biomarker of aging, health and disease. Telomerase RNA component (TERC) plays an important role in maintaining TL. We proposed a hypothesis that propofol dose in general anesthesia can be predicted by measuring TL before operation, which greatly reduced the risk of anesthesia, especially the elderly. METHODS The association between the propofol dose in anesthesia induction and: TL in the DNA of peripheral blood leukocytes; body weight; sex; difference of the Bispectral Index (BIS) before and after anesthesia induction in patients was evaluated by multivariable linear regression analyses. The mutation at the 5'end or 3'end of TERC was detected. We recruited 100 patients of elective surgery. RESULTS We found that propofol dose in anesthesia induction was clearly correlated significantly with TL (r = 0.78, p < 0.001), body weight (r = 0.84, p = 0.004), sex (r = 0.83, p= 0.84, p = 0.004), sex (r = 0.83, p = 0.004), and difference of BIS before and after anesthesia induction (r = 0.85, p = 0.029). By comparing the absolute values of standardized regression coefficients (0.58, 0.21, 0.19, and 0.12) of the four variables, it can be seen that TL contributes the most to the propofol dose in anesthesia induction. However, the mutation at the 5' end or 3' end of TERC was not found. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide preliminary evidence that the propofol dose in anesthesia induction was clearly correlated with genetically determined TL. TL may be a promising predictor of the propofol dose, which is beneficial to improve the safety of anesthesia and reduce perioperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- The 74th Group Army Hospital of P.L.A, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuang Bo Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou, University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou, China; General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Ji Xing
- The 74th Group Army Hospital of P.L.A, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Ping Xia
- The 74th Group Army Hospital of P.L.A, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- 32295 troops of P.L.A, Liaoyang, China
| | - Wen Bin Xi
- General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Ju Li
- General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Feng Tu
- General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Long Zhang
- The Affiliated Lianyungang No. 2 People...s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Department of Anesthesiology, Lianyungang, China.
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Xu EY, Schneper LM, Notterman DA. A novel metric to improve mismatched primer selection and quantification accuracy in amplifying DNA repeats for quantitative polymerase chain reactions. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292559. [PMID: 37812635 PMCID: PMC10561853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) experiments, primers containing mismatches with respect to the template are widely used in measuring repetitive DNA elements. Primer-template mismatches may lead to underestimation of the input sample quantity due to inefficient annealing and amplification. But how primer-template mismatches affect quantification accuracy has not been rigorously investigated. In this study, we performed a series of qPCR experiments in which we tested three pairs of mismatched telomere primers (tel1/tel2, tel1b/tel2b and telg/telc) and two pairs of perfect-match reference gene primers (36B4-F/-R and IFNB1-F/-R) at three different primer concentrations under four cycling conditions. Templates used were genomic DNA from two human cell lines and oligo duplexes which contained telomere sequences, reference gene sequences, or both. We demonstrated that the underestimation of input sample quantity from reactions containing mismatched primers was not due to lower amplification efficiency (E), but due to ineffective usage of the input sample. We defined a novel concept of amplification efficacy (f) which quantifies the effectiveness of input sample amplification by primers. We have modified the conventional qPCR kinetic formula to include f, which corrects the effects of primer mismatches. We demonstrated that reactions containing mismatched telomere primer pairs had similar efficiency (E), but varying degrees of reduced efficacy (f) in comparison to those with the perfect-match gene primer pairs. Using the quantitative parameter f, underestimation of initial target by telomere primers can be adjusted to provide a more accurate measurement. Additionally, we found that the tel1b/tel2b primer set at concentration of 500 nM and 900 nM exhibited the best amplification efficacy f. This study provides a novel way to incorporate an evaluation of amplification efficacy into qPCR analysis. In turn, it improves mismatched primer selection and quantification accuracy in amplifying DNA repeats using qPCR methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Y. Xu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - Lisa M. Schneper
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - Daniel A. Notterman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
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Zhang X, Yu Q, Wu Y, Zhang Y, He Y, Wang R, Yu X, Li S. Glc7/PP1 dephosphorylates histone H3T11 to regulate autophagy and telomere silencing in response to nutrient availability. Cell Discov 2023; 9:71. [PMID: 37433812 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
How cells adapt their gene expression to nutritional changes remains poorly understood. Histone H3T11 is phosphorylated by pyruvate kinase to repress gene transcription. Here, we identify the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), Glc7 as the enzyme that specifically dephosphorylates H3T11. We also characterize two novel Glc7-containing complexes and reveal their roles in regulating gene expression upon glucose starvation. Specifically, the Glc7-Sen1 complex dephosphorylates H3T11 to activate the transcription of autophagy-related genes. The Glc7-Rif1-Rap1 complex dephosphorylates H3T11 to derepress the transcription of telomere-proximal genes. Upon glucose starvation, Glc7 expression is up-regulated and more Glc7 translocates into the nucleus to dephosphorylate H3T11, leading to induction of autophagy and derepressed transcription of telomere-proximal genes. Furthermore, the functions of PP1/Glc7 and the two Glc7-containing complexes are conserved in mammals to regulate autophagy and telomere structure. Collectively, our results reveal a novel mechanism that regulate gene expression and chromatin structure in response to glucose availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yinsheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rongsha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xilan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Siegel SR, Ulrich M, Logue SF. Comparison qPCR study for selecting a valid single copy gene for measuring absolute telomere length. Gene 2023; 860:147192. [PMID: 36641077 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Telomere shortening is a well-known biomarker for biological aging. A previous review of the methods used to measure telomere length (TL) noted how challenging it is to compare results from different studies using diverse methodological techniques. The most commonly used high throughput method for measuring average TL is the quantitative PCR (qPCR) method, where there are two protocols available; the relative TL and the absolute TL (aTL) method. All qPCR methods have similarities in that they use two different primer sets to measure the telomere repeat sequence (TTAGGG)n and a single copy gene region to calculate the average TL, (T/S) ratio. The difference between the relative TL and the aTL assay lies with the introduction of duplex oligomer standards to identify TL in kilobase pairs rather than using the traditional relative TL, T/S ratio method. Problems were noted using 36B4 (RPLP0), which was originally used as a suitable single copy gene qPCR assay. A previous aTL publication attempted to replace the 36B4 (RPLP0) single copy gene using the Interferon beta 1 gene (IFNB1) but results showed a lack of agreement with the TL results when compared to the DNAmTL assay. Here, we compare the two single copy gene assays previously used for the aTL assay and offer an alternative IFNB1 single copy gene assay without non-specific priming amplification to provide more consistent diploid copy number determination and a more robust and reproducible assay for measuring absolute TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Rutherford Siegel
- Biomarker Core Lab, Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Matthew Ulrich
- Biomarker Core Lab, Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Sheree F Logue
- Biomarker Core Lab, Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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9
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Wei J, Arber C, Wray S, Hardy J, Piers TM, Pocock JM. Human myeloid progenitor glucocorticoid receptor activation causes genomic instability, type 1 IFN- response pathway activation and senescence in differentiated microglia; an early life stress model. Glia 2023; 71:1036-1056. [PMID: 36571248 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
One form of early life stress, prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids (GCs), confers a higher risk of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders in later life. Increasingly, the importance of microglia in these disorders is recognized. Studies on GCs exposure during microglial development have been limited, and there are few, if any, human studies. We established an in vitro model of ELS by continuous pre-exposure of human iPS-microglia to GCs during primitive hematopoiesis (the critical stage of iPS-microglial differentiation) and then examined how this exposure affected the microglial phenotype as they differentiated and matured to microglia, using RNA-seq analyses and functional assays. The iPS-microglia predominantly expressed glucocorticoid receptors over mineralocorticoid receptors, and in particular, the GR-α splice variant. Chronic GCs exposure during primitive hematopoiesis was able to recapitulate in vivo ELS effects. Thus, pre-exposure to prolonged GCs resulted in increased type I interferon signaling, the presence of Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-positive (cGAS) micronuclei, cellular senescence and reduced proliferation in the matured iPS-microglia. The findings from this in vitro ELS model have ramifications for the responses of microglia in the pathogenesis of GC- mediated ELS-associated disorders such as schizophrenia, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhang Wei
- Department of Neuroinflammation, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Charles Arber
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Selina Wray
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Thomas M Piers
- Department of Neuroinflammation, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jennifer M Pocock
- Department of Neuroinflammation, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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10
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Li X, Khan D, Rana M, Hänggi D, Muhammad S. Doxycycline Attenuated Ethanol-Induced Inflammaging in Endothelial Cells: Implications in Alcohol-Mediated Vascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122413. [PMID: 36552622 PMCID: PMC9774758 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess alcohol consumption is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and is linked to accelerated aging. Drug discovery to reduce toxic cellular events of alcohol is required. Here, we investigated the effects of ethanol on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and explored if doxycycline attenuates ethanol-mediated molecular events in endothelial cells. Initially, a drug screening using a panel of 170 drugs was performed, and doxycycline was selected for further experiments. HUVECs were treated with different concentrations (300 mM and 400 mM) of ethanol with or without doxycycline (10 µg/mL). Telomere length was quantified as telomere to single-copy gene (T/S) ratio. Telomere length and the mRNA expression were quantified by qRT-PCR, and protein level was analyzed by Western blot (WB). Ethanol treatment accelerated cellular aging, and doxycycline treatment recovered telomere length. Pathway analysis showed that doxycycline inhibited mTOR and NFκ-B activation. Doxycycline restored the expression of aging-associated proteins, including lamin b1 and DNA repair proteins KU70 and KU80. Doxycycline reduced senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in ethanol-treated HUVECs. In conclusion, we report that ethanol-induced inflammation and aging in HUVECs were ameliorated by doxycycline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanchen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dilaware Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-21181-08782
| | - Majeed Rana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Hänggi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sajjad Muhammad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Helsinki, Topeliuksenkatu 5, 00260 Helsinki, Finland
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11
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Ramírez-Sanabria M, Martínez-Magaña J, Nicolini-Sánchez H, Guzmán-Sánchez R, Genis-Mendoza AD. [Association between telomere length and cognitive impairment in older adults]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2022; 57:320-324. [PMID: 36319501 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive impairment is a transition stage between normal aging and dementia, the prevalence of last one increases with age; the damage of the functions and physical integrity, places the older adult in a greater susceptibility to get sick. Telomere length is a hallmark of aging to characterize this phenotype, as well as a biomarker that reflects the underlying state of the cell. In this work, the relative length of telomeres in older adults with cognitive impairment was correlated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Observational-analytical study, in samples of adult patients older than 65 years with and without cognitive impairment, in whom the relative length of telomeres was measured. RESULTS Ninety samples of older adults were included in the study and in the association analysis according to multivariate logistic models, cognitive impairment showed almost five times more risk for telomere shortening in relation to the presence of the diagnosis of cognitive impairment (Odds ratio 4.88, p=0.027). CONCLUSIONS When correlating the relative length of telomeres in older adults diagnosed with cognitive impairment, this association was confirmed for shorter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Ramírez-Sanabria
- Alta Especialidad en Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Humberto Nicolini-Sánchez
- Alta Especialidad en Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rafael Guzmán-Sánchez
- Alta Especialidad en Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Innfantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Servicios de Atención Psiquiétrica, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México.
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12
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Lundsgaard NU, Cramp RL, Franklin CE. Early exposure to UV radiation causes telomere shortening and poorer condition later in life. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:276293. [PMID: 35950364 PMCID: PMC9482364 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Determining the contribution of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR; 280–315 nm) to amphibian population declines is being hindered by a lack of knowledge about how different acute UVBR exposure regimes during early life-history stages might affect post-metamorphic stages via long-term carryover effects. We acutely exposed tadpoles of the Australian green tree frog (Litoria caerulea) to a combination of different UVBR irradiances and doses in a multi-factorial laboratory experiment, and then reared them to metamorphosis in the absence of UVBR to assess carryover effects in subsequent juvenile frogs. Dose and irradiance of acute UVBR exposure influenced carryover effects into metamorphosis in somewhat opposing manners. Higher doses of UVBR exposure in larvae yielded improved rates of metamorphosis. However, exposure at a high irradiance resulted in frogs metamorphosing smaller in size and in poorer condition than frogs exposed to low and medium irradiance UVBR as larvae. We also demonstrate some of the first empirical evidence of UVBR-induced telomere shortening in vivo, which is one possible mechanism for life-history trade-offs impacting condition post-metamorphosis. These findings contribute to our understanding of how acute UVBR exposure regimes in early life affect later life-history stages, which has implications for how this stressor may shape population dynamics. Summary: Ultraviolet radiation exposure in amphibian larvae generates detrimental carryover effects on body condition and relative telomere length post-metamorphosis, a mechanism that may influence amphibian population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niclas U Lundsgaard
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Cramp
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Craig E Franklin
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
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13
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Shetty A, Krishna M, Manjappa A, Shetty V, Hegde M, Kumar B. Comparative characterization and analysis of telomere length in stem cells derived from deciduous and permanent teeth. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.353833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Chen W, Yu X, Wu Y, Tang J, Yu Q, Lv X, Zha Z, Hu B, Li X, Chen J, Ma L, Workman JL, Li S. The SESAME complex regulates cell senescence through the generation of acetyl-CoA. Nat Metab 2021; 3:983-1000. [PMID: 34183849 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA is a central node in carbon metabolism and plays critical roles in regulatory and biosynthetic processes. The acetyl-CoA synthetase Acs2, which catalyses acetyl-CoA production from acetate, is an integral subunit of the serine-responsive SAM-containing metabolic enzyme (SESAME) complex, but the precise function of Acs2 within the SESAME complex remains unclear. Here, using budding yeast, we show that Acs2 within the SESAME complex is required for the regulation of telomere silencing and cellular senescence. Mechanistically, the SESAME complex interacts with the histone acetyltransferase SAS protein complex to promote histone H4K16 acetylation (H4K16ac) enrichment and the occupancy of bromodomain-containing protein, Bdf1, at subtelomeric regions. This interaction maintains telomere silencing by antagonizing the spreading of Sir2 along the telomeres, which is enhanced by acetate. Consequently, dissociation of Sir2 from telomeres by acetate leads to compromised telomere silencing and accelerated chronological ageing. In human endothelial cells, ACSS2, the ortholog of yeast Acs2, also interacts with H4K16 acetyltransferase hMOF and are required for acetate to increase H4K16ac, reduce telomere silencing and induce cell senescence. Altogether, our results reveal a conserved mechanism to connect cell metabolism with telomere silencing and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xilan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinsheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaodong Lv
- Human Aging Research Institute (HARI), School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zitong Zha
- Human Aging Research Institute (HARI), School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bicheng Hu
- The Central Laboratory, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jerry L Workman
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
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15
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Adler BL, Boin F, Wolters PJ, Bingham CO, Shah AA, Greider C, Casciola-Rosen L, Rosen A. Autoantibodies targeting telomere-associated proteins in systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:912-919. [PMID: 33495152 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune fibrotic disease affecting multiple tissues including the lung. A subset of patients with SSc with lung disease exhibit short telomeres in circulating lymphocytes, but the mechanisms underlying this observation are unclear. METHODS Sera from the Johns Hopkins and University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Scleroderma Centers were screened for autoantibodies targeting telomerase and the shelterin proteins using immunoprecipitation and ELISA. We determined the relationship between autoantibodies targeting the shelterin protein TERF1 and telomere length in peripheral leucocytes measured by qPCR and flow cytometry and fluorescent in situ hybridisation (Flow-FISH). We also explored clinical associations of these autoantibodies. RESULTS In a subset of patients with SSc, we identified autoantibodies targeting telomerase and the shelterin proteins that were rarely present in rheumatoid arthritis, myositis and healthy controls. TERF1 autoantibodies were present in 40/442 (9.0%) patients with SSc and were associated with severe lung disease (OR 2.4, p=0.04, Fisher's exact test) and short lymphocyte telomere length. 6/6 (100%) patients with TERF1 autoantibodies in the Hopkins cohort and 14/18 (78%) patients in the UCSF cohort had a shorter telomere length in lymphocytes or leukocytes, respectively, relative to the expected age-adjusted telomere length. TERF1 autoantibodies were present in 11/152 (7.2%) patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a fibrotic lung disease believed to be mediated by telomere dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Autoantibodies targeting telomere-associated proteins in a subset of patients with SSc are associated with short lymphocyte telomere length and lung disease. The specificity of these autoantibodies for SSc and IPF suggests that telomere dysfunction may have a distinct role in the pathogenesis of SSc and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Adler
- Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Francesco Boin
- Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul J Wolters
- Pulmonary, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Clifton O Bingham
- Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ami A Shah
- Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Carol Greider
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Livia Casciola-Rosen
- Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Antony Rosen
- Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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16
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Samad MA, Saiman MZ, Abdul Majid N, Karsani SA, Yaacob JS. Berberine Inhibits Telomerase Activity and Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Telomere Erosion in Colorectal Cancer Cell Line, HCT 116. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020376. [PMID: 33450878 PMCID: PMC7828342 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer among males and females, which is associated with the increment of telomerase level and activity. Some plant-derived compounds are telomerase inhibitors that have the potential to decrease telomerase activity and/or level in various cancer cell lines. Unfortunately, a deeper understanding of the effects of telomerase inhibitor compound(s) on CRC cells is still lacking. Therefore, in this study, the aspects of telomerase inhibitors on a CRC cell line (HCT 116) were investigated. Screening on HCT 116 at 48 h showed that berberine (10.30 ± 0.89 µg/mL) is the most effective (lowest IC50 value) telomerase inhibitor compared to boldine (37.87 ± 3.12 µg/mL) and silymarin (>200 µg/mL). Further analyses exhibited that berberine treatment caused G0/G1 phase arrest at 48 h due to high cyclin D1 (CCND1) and low cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) protein and mRNA levels, simultaneous downregulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) mRNA and human telomerase RNA component (TERC) levels, as well as a decrease in the TERT protein level and telomerase activity. The effect of berberine treatment on the cell cycle was time dependent as it resulted in a delayed cell cycle and doubling time by 2.18-fold. Telomerase activity and level was significantly decreased, and telomere erosion followed suit. In summary, our findings suggested that berberine could decrease telomerase activity and level of HCT 116, which in turn inhibits the proliferative ability of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azizan Samad
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.A.S.); (M.Z.S.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Mohd Zuwairi Saiman
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.A.S.); (M.Z.S.); (S.A.K.)
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.A.S.); (M.Z.S.); (S.A.K.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.M.); (J.S.Y.); Tel.: +60-3-7967-5833 (N.A.M.); +60-3-7967-4090 (J.S.Y.)
| | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.A.S.); (M.Z.S.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.A.S.); (M.Z.S.); (S.A.K.)
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.A.M.); (J.S.Y.); Tel.: +60-3-7967-5833 (N.A.M.); +60-3-7967-4090 (J.S.Y.)
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Detection of Telomeric DNA:RNA Hybrids Using TeloDRIP-qPCR. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249774. [PMID: 33371452 PMCID: PMC7767442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their intrinsic characteristics, telomeres are genomic loci that pose significant problems during the replication of the genome. In particular, it has been observed that telomeres that are maintained in cancer cells by the alternative mechanism of the lengthening of telomeres (ALT) harbor higher levels of replicative stress compared with telomerase-positive cancer cells. R-loops are three-stranded structures formed by a DNA:RNA hybrid and a displaced ssDNA. Emerging evidence suggests that controlling the levels of R-loops at ALT telomeres is critical for telomere maintenance. In fact, on the one hand, they favor telomere recombination, but on the other, they are a source of detrimental replicative stress. DRIP (DNA:RNA immunoprecipitation) is the main technique used for the detection of R-loops, and it is based on the use of the S9.6 antibody, which recognizes preferentially DNA:RNA hybrids in a sequence-independent manner. The detection of DNA:RNA hybrids in repetitive sequences such as telomeres requires some additional precautions as a result of their repetitive nature. Here, we share an optimized protocol for the detection of telomeric DNA:RNA hybrids, and we demonstrate its application in an ALT and in a telomerase-positive cell line. We demonstrate that ALT telomeres bear higher levels of DNA:RNA hybrids, and we propose this method as a reliable way to detect them in telomeres.
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18
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Báez-Becerra CT, Valencia-Rincón E, Velásquez-Méndez K, Ramírez-Suárez NJ, Guevara C, Sandoval-Hernandez A, Arboleda-Bustos CE, Olivos-Cisneros L, Gutiérrez-Ospina G, Arboleda H, Arboleda G. Nucleolar disruption, activation of P53 and premature senescence in POLR3A-mutated Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome fibroblasts. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 192:111360. [PMID: 32976914 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, mutations in the RNA polymerase III subunit A (POLR3A) have been described as the cause of the neonatal progeria or Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome (WRS). POLR3A has important roles in transcription regulation of small RNAs, including tRNA, 5S rRNA, and 7SK rRNA. We aim to describe the cellular and molecular features of WRS fibroblasts. Cultures of primary fibroblasts from one WRS patient [monoallelic POLR3A variant c.3772_3773delCT (p.Leu1258Glyfs*12)] and one control patient were cultured in vitro. The mutation caused a decrease in the expression of wildtype POLR3A mRNA and POLR3A protein and a sharp increase in mutant protein expression. In addition, there was an increase in the nuclear localization of the mutant protein. These changes were associated with an increase in the number and area of nucleoli and to a high increase in the expression of pP53 and pH2AX. All these changes were associated with premature senescence. The present observations add to our understanding of the differences between Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome and WRS and opens new alternatives to study cell senesce and human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Tatiana Báez-Becerra
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Estefania Valencia-Rincón
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karen Velásquez-Méndez
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nelson J Ramírez-Suárez
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Claudia Guevara
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adrian Sandoval-Hernandez
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos E Arboleda-Bustos
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leonora Olivos-Cisneros
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Gutiérrez-Ospina
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Humberto Arboleda
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gonzalo Arboleda
- Grupo de Neurociencias y Muerte Celular, Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
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19
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Joglekar MV, Satoor SN, Wong WK, Cheng F, Ma RC, Hardikar AA. An Optimised Step-by-Step Protocol for Measuring Relative Telomere Length. Methods Protoc 2020; 3:mps3020027. [PMID: 32260112 PMCID: PMC7359711 DOI: 10.3390/mps3020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres represent the nucleotide repeat sequences at the ends of chromosomes and are essential for chromosome stability. They can shorten at each round of DNA replication mainly because of incomplete DNA synthesis of the lagging strand. Reduced relative telomere length is associated with aging and a range of disease states. Different methods such as terminal restriction fragment analysis, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization are available to measure telomere length; however, the qPCR-based method is commonly used for large population-based studies. There are multiple variations across qPCR-based methods, including the choice of the single-copy gene, primer sequences, reagents, and data analysis methods in the different reported studies so far. Here, we provide a detailed step-by-step protocol that we have optimized and successfully tested in the hands of other users. This protocol will help researchers interested in measuring relative telomere lengths in cells or across larger clinical cohort/study samples to determine associations of telomere length with health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugdha V. Joglekar
- Diabetes and Islet biology, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2150, Australia; (S.N.S.); (W.K.M.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.J.); (A.A.H.); Tel.: +61-2-9562-5084 (M.V.J.); +61-2-9562-5071 (A.A.H.)
| | - Sarang N. Satoor
- Diabetes and Islet biology, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2150, Australia; (S.N.S.); (W.K.M.W.)
- DNA Sequencing Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, NCMR Campus, Sai Trinity Complex, Pashan, Pune 411 021, India
| | - Wilson K.M. Wong
- Diabetes and Islet biology, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2150, Australia; (S.N.S.); (W.K.M.W.)
| | - Feifei Cheng
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China; (F.C.)
| | - Ronald C.W. Ma
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China; (F.C.)
| | - Anandwardhan A. Hardikar
- Diabetes and Islet biology, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2150, Australia; (S.N.S.); (W.K.M.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.V.J.); (A.A.H.); Tel.: +61-2-9562-5084 (M.V.J.); +61-2-9562-5071 (A.A.H.)
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Gutman D, Rivkin E, Fadida A, Sharvit L, Hermush V, Rubin E, Kirshner D, Sabin I, Dwolatzky T, Atzmon G. Exceptionally Long-Lived Individuals (ELLI) Demonstrate Slower Aging Rate Calculated by DNA Methylation Clocks as Possible Modulators for Healthy Longevity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020615. [PMID: 31963520 PMCID: PMC7013521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exceptionally long-lived individuals (ELLI) who are the focus of many healthy longevity studies around the globe are now being studied in Israel. The Israeli Multi-Ethnic Centenarian Study (IMECS) cohort is utilized here for assessment of various DNA methylation clocks. Thorough phenotypic characterization and whole blood samples were obtained from ELLI, offspring of ELLI, and controls aged 53–87 with no familial exceptional longevity. DNA methylation was assessed using Illumina MethylationEPIC Beadchip and applied to DNAm age online tool for age and telomere length predictions. Relative telomere length was assessed using qPCR T/S (Telomere/Single copy gene) ratios. ELLI demonstrated juvenile performance in DNAm age clocks and overall methylation measurement, with preserved cognition and relative telomere length. Our findings suggest a favorable DNA methylation profile in ELLI enabling a slower rate of aging in those individuals in comparison to controls. It is possible that DNA methylation is a key modulator of the rate of aging and thus the ELLI DNAm profile promotes healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Gutman
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (D.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Elina Rivkin
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (E.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Almog Fadida
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (E.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Lital Sharvit
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (D.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Vered Hermush
- Department of Geriatrics and Skilled Nursing, Laniado Medical Center, Netanya 4244916, Israel;
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (D.K.); (I.S.); (T.D.)
| | - Elad Rubin
- Department of Geriatrics, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel;
| | - Dani Kirshner
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (D.K.); (I.S.); (T.D.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel;
| | - Irina Sabin
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (D.K.); (I.S.); (T.D.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel;
| | - Tzvi Dwolatzky
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; (D.K.); (I.S.); (T.D.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3109601, Israel;
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel; (D.G.); (L.S.)
- Departments of Genetics and Medicine, Division of endocrinology, Institute for Aging Research and the Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-4664-7927
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