1
|
Wei J, Tang Y, Qin S, Ma X, Zhong W, Yang P, Deng Q, Ma J. Laggera alata Attenuates Inflammatory Response by Regulating Macrophage Polarization in Rheumatoid Arthritis Mice. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00808-w. [PMID: 37493934 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00808-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a type of joint injury, which can induce the activation of inflammatory factors and polarization of tissue macrophages. Total phenolics from Laggera alata (TPLA) has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory effect in various diseases. However, its specific function in RA is still unknown. Here, the protective properties of TPLA were studied in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA)-induced RA mice. RA mouse model was established through the CIA induction. Arthritis score, hind paw thickness, and the body weight of the RA mice were evaluated in each group. H&E staining was conducted in hind paw and joint tissues for histopathological staining. The distal femur was analyzed by microCT, and bone loss-related indicators were assessed. The expression of macrophage polarization markers was detected by immunofluorescence staining in RA mice. The serum levels of inflammatory markers were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TPLA reduced the CIA-induced arthritis score and hind paw thickness in mice. The body weight of the CIA mouse was significantly increased by TPLA treatment. TPLA improved the CIA-induced histopathological changes in the hind paw and joint tissues from the mice. TPLA inhibited the bone loss and alleviated bone destruction in CIA mouse model. TPLA altered the macrophage phenotype from M1 macrophages into M2 in CIA mice. TPLA suppressed the levels of inflammatory markers both in the serum and joint tissues of the CIA mice. TPLA mitigated RA development by suppressing inflammatory reaction through the inhibition of M1 microphage polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangcun Wei
- Zhuangyao Medicine Preparation Center, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530201, Guangxi, China
| | - Yunli Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Suhong Qin
- Department of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Building c03, Zhongmeng Industrial Park, No.5 Guangxin Road, Pumiao Town, Yongning District, Nanning, 530299, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiumei Ma
- Department of Paediatrics, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530201, Guangxi, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Zhuangyao Medicine Preparation Center, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530201, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Scientific Research, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530201, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingmei Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiabao Ma
- Department of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Building c03, Zhongmeng Industrial Park, No.5 Guangxin Road, Pumiao Town, Yongning District, Nanning, 530299, Guangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Feng C, Li L, Zhou L, Li D, Liu M, Han S, Zheng B. Critical roles of the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBW7 in B-cell response and the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune arthritis. Immunology 2021; 164:617-636. [PMID: 34351636 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper regulation of B-cell function is essential for effective humoral immunity and maintenance of immune tolerance. Here, we found that FBW7 (F-box/WD40 repeat-containing protein 7) is highly expressed in germinal centre B and B1 cells, and confirmed that it has an intrinsic role in maintaining homeostasis of mature B cells and B-1 cells. FBW7 deletion led to an impairment of antibody response, and although germinal centre formation was not affected, antibody class-switch recombination and affinity maturation processes were defective. Likewise, memory immune response was severely impaired. Moreover, FBW7 ablation ameliorated the pathogenesis of an autoimmune disease model, collagen-induced arthritis, by reducing the production of anti-collagen II autoantibodies. Taken together, these data suggest that FBW7 may be an attractive target for developing new therapeutics for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dali Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhua Han
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Biao Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Applicability and implementation of the collagen-induced arthritis mouse model, including protocols (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:939. [PMID: 34335888 PMCID: PMC8290431 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are essential for studying the pathogenesis of RA in vivo and determining the efficacy of anti-RA drugs. During the past decades, numerous rodent models of arthritis have been evaluated as potential models and the modeling methods are relatively well-developed. Among these models, the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model is the first choice and the most widely used because it may be generated rapidly and inexpensively and is relatively similar in pathogenesis to human RA. To date, there have been numerous classic studies and reviews discussing related pathogeneses and modeling methods. Based on this knowledge, combined with the latest convenient and effective methods for CIA model construction, the present review aims to introduce the model to beginners and clarify important details regarding its use. Information on the origin and pathogenesis of the CIA model, the protocol for establishing it, the rate of successful arthritis induction and the methods used to evaluate the severity of arthritis are briefly summarized. With this information, it is expected that researchers who have recently entered the field or are not familiar with this information will be able to start quickly, avoid unnecessary errors and obtain reliable results.
Collapse
|
4
|
Fadlallah S, Hussein H, Jallad MA, Shehab M, Jurjus AR, Matar GM, Rahal EA. Effect of Epstein-Barr Virus DNA on the Incidence and Severity of Arthritis in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Mouse Model. Front Immunol 2021; 12:672752. [PMID: 34040613 PMCID: PMC8141727 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.672752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We recently demonstrated that EBV DNA is correlated with proinflammatory responses in mice and in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients; hence, we utilized an RA mouse model to examine whether EBV DNA enhances the risk and severity of arthritis and to assess its immunomodulatory effects. Methods C57BL/6J mice were treated with collagen (arthritis-inducing agent), EBV DNA 6 days before collagen, EBV DNA 15 days after collagen, Staphylococcus epidermidis DNA 6 days before collagen, EBV DNA alone, or water. Mice were then monitored for clinical signs and affected joints/footpads were histologically analysed. The relative concentration of IgG anti- chicken collagen antibodies and serum cytokine levels of IL-17A and IFNϒ were determined by ELISA. The number of cells co-expressing IL-17A and IFNϒ in joint histological sections was determined by immunofluorescence. Results The incidence of arthritis was significantly higher in mice that received EBV DNA prior to collagen compared to mice that only received collagen. Similarly, increased clinical scores, histological scores and paw thicknesses with a decreased gripping strength were observed in groups treated with EBV DNA and collagen. The relative concentration of IgG anti-chicken collagen antibodies was significantly increased in the group that received EBV DNA 6 days prior to collagen in comparison to the collagen receiving group. On the other hand, the highest number of cells co-expressing IFNϒ and IL-17A was observed in joints from mice that received both collagen and EBV DNA. Conclusion EBV DNA increases the incidence and severity of arthritis in a RA mouse model. Targeting mediators triggered by viral DNA may hence be a potential therapeutic avenue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukayna Fadlallah
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadi Hussein
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mary-Ann Jallad
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwa Shehab
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdo R Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan M Matar
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elias A Rahal
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Center for Infectious Diseases Research, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zarantonello A, Pedersen H, Laursen NS, Andersen GR. Nanobodies Provide Insight into the Molecular Mechanisms of the Complement Cascade and Offer New Therapeutic Strategies. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020298. [PMID: 33671302 PMCID: PMC7922070 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The complement system is part of the innate immune response, where it provides immediate protection from infectious agents and plays a fundamental role in homeostasis. Complement dysregulation occurs in several diseases, where the tightly regulated proteolytic cascade turns offensive. Prominent examples are atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and Alzheimer’s disease. Therapeutic intervention targeting complement activation may allow treatment of such debilitating diseases. In this review, we describe a panel of complement targeting nanobodies that allow modulation at different steps of the proteolytic cascade, from the activation of the C1 complex in the classical pathway to formation of the C5 convertase in the terminal pathway. Thorough structural and functional characterization has provided a deep mechanistic understanding of the mode of inhibition for each of the nanobodies. These complement specific nanobodies are novel powerful probes for basic research and offer new opportunities for in vivo complement modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Zarantonello
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (A.Z.); (H.P.)
| | - Henrik Pedersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (A.Z.); (H.P.)
| | - Nick S. Laursen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Gregers R. Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (A.Z.); (H.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-30256646
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheng Y, Zhu X, Wang X, Zhuang Q, Huyan X, Sun X, Huang J, Zhan B, Zhu X. Trichinella spiralis Infection Mitigates Collagen-Induced Arthritis via Programmed Death 1-Mediated Immunomodulation. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1566. [PMID: 30093899 PMCID: PMC6070611 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helminth infection induces Th2-biased immune responses and inhibitory/regulatory pathways that minimize excessive inflammation to facilitate the chronic infection of helminth in the host and in the meantime, prevent host hypersensitivity from autoimmune or atopic diseases. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms behind modulation on inflammatory diseases are yet to be clarified. Programmed death 1 (PD-1) is one of the important inhibitory receptors involved in the balance of host immune responses during chronic infection. Here, we used the murine model to examine the role of PD-1 in CD4+ T cells in the effects of Trichinella spiralis infection on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Mice infected with T. spiralis demonstrated higher expression of PD-1 in the spleen CD4+ T cells than those without infection. Mice infected with T. spiralis 2 weeks prior to being immunized with type II collagen displayed lower arthritis incidence and significantly attenuated pathology of CIA compared with those of uninfected mice. The therapeutic effect of T. spiralis infection on CIA was reversed by blocking PD-1 with anti-PD-1 antibody, associated with enhanced Th1/Th17 pro-inflammatory responses and reduced Th2 responses. The role of PD-1 in regulating CD4+ T cell differentiation and proliferation during T. spiralis infection was further examined in PD-1 knockout (PD-1-/-) C57BL/6 J mice. Interestingly, T. spiralis-induced alteration of attenuated Th1 and enhanced Th2/regulatory T cell differentiation in wild-type (WT) mice was effectively diminished in PD-1-/- mice characterized by recovered Th1 cytokine levels, reduced levels of Th2 and regulatory cytokines and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells. Moreover, T. spiralis-induced CD4+ T cell proliferation suppression in WT mice was partially restored in PD-1-/- mice. This study introduces the first evidence that PD-1 plays a critical role in helminth infection-attenuated CIA in a mouse model by regulating the CD4+ T cell function, which may provide the new insights into the mechanisms of helminth-induced immunomodulation of host autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Cheng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohuan Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghui Zhuang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Huyan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ximeng Sun
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhan
- Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xinping Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gwon SY, Rhee KJ, Sung HJ. Gene and Protein Expression Profiles in a Mouse Model of Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:77-85. [PMID: 29333090 PMCID: PMC5765742 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.22345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease, in the elderly population increases along with that of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Identifying specific biomarkers for RA can clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms and can aid diagnosis and patient care. To this end, the present study investigated the genes and proteins that are differentially expressed in RA using a mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. We performed gene microarray and proteome array analyses using blood samples from the mice and found that 50 genes and 24 proteins were upregulated and 48 genes were downregulated by more than 2-fold in the CIA model relative to the control. The gene microarray and proteome array results were validated by evaluating the expression levels of select genes and proteins by real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. We found that the level of integrin α2, which has not been previously reported as a biomarker of RA, was significantly increased in CIA mice as compared to controls. These findings provide a set of novel biomarkers that can be useful for diagnosing and evaluating the progression of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Yeong Gwon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13135, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University at Wonju, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University at Wonju, Wonju, Gangwon-do 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Joong Sung
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13135, Republic of Korea.,Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 plus Program, Graduated School, Eulji University, Daejeon, 34824, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aragoneses-Fenoll L, Montes-Casado M, Ojeda G, Acosta YY, Herranz J, Martínez S, Blanco-Aparicio C, Criado G, Pastor J, Dianzani U, Portolés P, Rojo JM. ETP-46321, a dual p110α/δ class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor modulates T lymphocyte activation and collagen-induced arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 106:56-69. [PMID: 26883061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are essential to function of normal and tumor cells, and to modulate immune responses. T lymphocytes express high levels of p110α and p110δ class IA PI3K. Whereas the functioning of PI3K p110δ in immune and autoimmune reactions is well established, the role of p110α is less well understood. Here, a novel dual p110α/δ inhibitor (ETP-46321) and highly specific p110α (A66) or p110δ (IC87114) inhibitors have been compared concerning T cell activation in vitro, as well as the effect on responses to protein antigen and collagen-induced arthritis in vivo. In vitro activation of naive CD4(+) T lymphocytes by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 was inhibited more effectively by the p110δ inhibitor than by the p110α inhibitor as measured by cytokine secretion (IL-2, IL-10, and IFN-γ), T-bet expression and NFAT activation. In activated CD4(+) T cells re-stimulated through CD3 and ICOS, IC87114 inhibited Akt and Erk activation, and the secretion of IL-2, IL-4, IL-17A, and IFN-γ better than A66. The p110α/δ inhibitor ETP-46321, or p110α plus p110δ inhibitors also inhibited IL-21 secretion by differentiated CD4(+) T follicular (Tfh) or IL-17-producing (Th17) helper cells. In vivo, therapeutic administration of ETP-46321 significantly inhibited responses to protein antigen as well as collagen-induced arthritis, as measured by antigen-specific antibody responses, secretion of IL-10, IL-17A or IFN-γ, or clinical symptoms. Hence, p110α as well as p110δ Class IA PI3Ks are important to immune regulation; inhibition of both subunits may be an effective therapeutic approach in inflammatory autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Aragoneses-Fenoll
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Montes-Casado
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Ojeda
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Y Acosta
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Herranz
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Martínez
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Spain
| | - C Blanco-Aparicio
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Spain
| | - G Criado
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (I+12), E-28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Pastor
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Spain
| | - U Dianzani
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD) and Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - P Portolés
- Unidad de Inmunología Celular, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J M Rojo
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Haj CG, Sumariwalla PF, Hanuš L, Kogan NM, Yektin Z, Mechoulam R, Feldmann M, Gallily R. HU-444, a Novel, Potent Anti-Inflammatory, Nonpsychotropic Cannabinoid. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 355:66-75. [PMID: 26272937 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.226100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a component of cannabis, which does not cause the typical marijuana-type effects, but has a high potential for use in several therapeutic areas. In contrast to Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ(9)-THC), it binds very weakly to the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. It has potent activity in both in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory assays. Thus, it lowers the formation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, a proinflammatory cytokine, and was found to be an oral antiarthritic therapeutic in murine collagen-induced arthritis in vivo. However, in acidic media, it can cyclize to the psychoactive Δ(9)-THC. We report the synthesis of a novel CBD derivative, HU-444, which cannot be converted by acid cyclization into a Δ(9)-THC-like compound. In vitro HU-444 had anti-inflammatory activity (decrease of reactive oxygen intermediates and inhibition of TNF-α production by macrophages); in vivo it led to suppression of production of TNF-α and amelioration of liver damage as well as lowering of mouse collagen-induced arthritis. HU-444 did not cause Δ(9)-THC-like effects in mice. We believe that HU-444 represents a potential novel drug for rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christeene G Haj
- Institute for Drug Research (C.G.H., L.H., N.M.K., R.M.) and Lautenberg Center for Immunology (Z.Y., R.G.), Hebrew University Medical Faculty, Jerusalem, Israel; and Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London, United Kingdom (P.F.S., M.F.)
| | - Percy F Sumariwalla
- Institute for Drug Research (C.G.H., L.H., N.M.K., R.M.) and Lautenberg Center for Immunology (Z.Y., R.G.), Hebrew University Medical Faculty, Jerusalem, Israel; and Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London, United Kingdom (P.F.S., M.F.)
| | - Lumír Hanuš
- Institute for Drug Research (C.G.H., L.H., N.M.K., R.M.) and Lautenberg Center for Immunology (Z.Y., R.G.), Hebrew University Medical Faculty, Jerusalem, Israel; and Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London, United Kingdom (P.F.S., M.F.)
| | - Natalya M Kogan
- Institute for Drug Research (C.G.H., L.H., N.M.K., R.M.) and Lautenberg Center for Immunology (Z.Y., R.G.), Hebrew University Medical Faculty, Jerusalem, Israel; and Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London, United Kingdom (P.F.S., M.F.)
| | - Zhana Yektin
- Institute for Drug Research (C.G.H., L.H., N.M.K., R.M.) and Lautenberg Center for Immunology (Z.Y., R.G.), Hebrew University Medical Faculty, Jerusalem, Israel; and Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London, United Kingdom (P.F.S., M.F.)
| | - Raphael Mechoulam
- Institute for Drug Research (C.G.H., L.H., N.M.K., R.M.) and Lautenberg Center for Immunology (Z.Y., R.G.), Hebrew University Medical Faculty, Jerusalem, Israel; and Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London, United Kingdom (P.F.S., M.F.)
| | - Mark Feldmann
- Institute for Drug Research (C.G.H., L.H., N.M.K., R.M.) and Lautenberg Center for Immunology (Z.Y., R.G.), Hebrew University Medical Faculty, Jerusalem, Israel; and Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London, United Kingdom (P.F.S., M.F.)
| | - Ruth Gallily
- Institute for Drug Research (C.G.H., L.H., N.M.K., R.M.) and Lautenberg Center for Immunology (Z.Y., R.G.), Hebrew University Medical Faculty, Jerusalem, Israel; and Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Hammersmith, London, United Kingdom (P.F.S., M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Caplazi P, Baca M, Barck K, Carano RAD, DeVoss J, Lee WP, Bolon B, Diehl L. Mouse Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Vet Pathol 2015; 52:819-26. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985815588612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic debilitating autoimmune disorder characterized by synovitis that leads to cartilage and bone erosion by invading fibrovascular tissue. Mouse models of RA recapitulate many features of the human disease. Despite the availability of medicines that are highly effective in many patient populations, autoimmune diseases (including RA) remain an area of active biomedical research, and consequently mouse models of RA are still extensively used for mechanistic studies and validation of therapeutic targets. This review aims to integrate morphologic features with model biology and cover the key characteristics of the most commonly used induced and spontaneous mouse models of RA. Induced models emphasized in this review include collagen-induced arthritis and antibody-induced arthritis. Collagen-induced arthritis is an example of an active immunization strategy, whereas antibody- induced arthritis models, such as collagen antibody–induced arthritis and K/BxN antibody transfer arthritis, represent examples of passive immunization strategies. The coverage of spontaneous models in this review is focused on the TNFΔ ARE mouse, in which arthritis results from overexpression of TNF-α, a master proinflammatory cytokine that drives disease in many patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Caplazi
- Departments of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M. Baca
- Departments of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - K. Barck
- Biomedical Imaging, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R. A. D. Carano
- Biomedical Imaging, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J. DeVoss
- Translational Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - W. P. Lee
- Translational Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - B. Bolon
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and the Comparative Pathology and Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - L. Diehl
- Departments of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Animal models of rheumatoid arthritis: How informative are they? Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 759:278-86. [PMID: 25824900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of arthritis are widely used to de-convolute disease pathways and to identify novel drug targets and therapeutic approaches. However, the high attrition rates of drugs in Phase II/III rates means that a relatively small number of drugs reach the market, despite showing efficacy in pre-clinical models. There is also increasing awareness of the ethical issues surrounding the use of animal models of disease and it is timely, therefore, to review the relevance and translatability of animal models of arthritis. In this paper we review the most commonly used animal models in terms of their pathological similarities to human rheumatoid arthritis as well as their response to drug therapy. In general, the ability of animal models to predict efficacy of biologics in man has been good. However, the predictive power of animal models for small molecules has been variable, probably because of differences in the levels of target knockdown achievable in vivo.
Collapse
|
12
|
Büyüktimkin B, Kiptoo P, Siahaan TJ. Bifunctional Peptide Inhibitors Suppress Interleukin-6 Proliferation and Ameliorates Murine Collagen-Induced Arthritis. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 5:1000273. [PMID: 26251760 PMCID: PMC4524745 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and potential mechanism of action of type-II collagen bifunctional peptide inhibitor (CII-BPI) molecules in suppressing rheumatoid arthritis in the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. CII-BPI molecules (CII-BPI-1, CII-BPI-2, and CII-BPI-3) were formed through conjugation between an antigenic peptide derived from type-II collagen and a cell adhesion peptide LABL (CD11a237-246) from the I-domain of LFA-1 via a linker molecule. The hypothesis is that the CII-BPI molecules simultaneously bind to MHC-II and ICAM-1 on the surface of APC and block maturation of the immunological synapse. As a result, the differentiation of naïve T cells is altered from inflammatory to regulatory and/or suppressor T cells. The efficacies of CII-BPI molecules were evaluated upon intravenous injections in CIA mice. Results showed that CII-BPI-1 and CIIBPI-2 suppressed the joint inflammations in CIA mice in a dose-dependent manner and were more potent than the respective antigenic peptides alone. CII-BPI-3 was not as efficacious as CII-BPI-1 and CII-BPI-2. Significantly less joint damage was observed in CII-BPI-2 and CII-2 treated mice than in the control. The production of IL-6 was significantly lower at the peak of disease in mice treated with CII-BPI-2 compared to those treated with CII-2 and control. In conclusion, this is the first proof-of-concept study showing that BPI molecules can be used to suppress RA and may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barlas Büyüktimkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Paul Kiptoo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Teruna J Siahaan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Guo C, Hu F, Yi H, Feng Z, Li C, Shi L, Li Y, Liu H, Yu X, Wang H, Li J, Li Z, Wang XY. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells have a proinflammatory role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 75:278-85. [PMID: 25371442 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-205508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been linked to T cell tolerance, their role in autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains elusive. Here we investigate the potential association of MDSCs with the disease pathogenesis using a preclinical model of RA and specimen collected from patients with RA. METHODS The frequency of MDSCs in blood, lymphoid tissues, inflamed paws or synovial fluid and their association with disease severity, tissue inflammation and the levels of pathogenic T helper (Th) 17 cells were examined in arthritic mice or in patients with RA (n=35) and osteoarthritis (n=15). The MDSCs in arthritic mice were also characterised for their phenotype, inflammation status, T cell suppressive activity and their capacity of pro-Th17 cell differentiation. The involvement of MDSCs in the disease pathology and a Th17 response was examined by adoptive transfer or antibody depletion of MDSCs in arthritic mice or by coculturing mouse or human MDSCs with naïve CD4+ T cells under Th17-polarising conditions. RESULTS MDSCs significantly expanded in arthritic mice and in patients with RA, which correlated positively with disease severity and an inflammatory Th17 response. While displaying T cell suppressive activity, MDSCs from arthritic mice produced high levels of inflammatory cytokines (eg, interleukin (IL)-1β, TNF-α). Mouse and human MDSCs promoted Th17 cell polarisation ex vivo. Transfer of MDSCs facilitated disease progression, whereas their elimination in arthritic mice ameliorated disease symptoms concomitant with reduction of IL-17A/Th17 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our studies suggest that proinflammatory MDSCs with their capacity to drive Th17 cell differentiation may be a critical pathogenic factor in autoimmune arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Guo
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Fanlei Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huanfa Yi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Institute of Immunology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhitao Feng
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China Department of Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Changzheng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China Department of Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianjie Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingni Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjiang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Yu
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China Department of Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
McCann FE, Perocheau DP, Ruspi G, Blazek K, Davies ML, Feldmann M, Dean JLE, Stoop AA, Williams RO. Selective Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor I Blockade Is Antiinflammatory and Reveals Immunoregulatory Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor II in Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:2728-38. [DOI: 10.1002/art.38755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona E. McCann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | | | - Gerhard Ruspi
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Katrina Blazek
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - Marie L. Davies
- Innovation Biopharm Discovery Unit, GlaxoSmithKline; Cambridge UK
| | - Marc Feldmann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | | | - A. Allart Stoop
- Innovation Biopharm Discovery Unit, GlaxoSmithKline; Cambridge UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yamada T, Fedotovskaya O, Cheng AJ, Cornachione AS, Minozzo FC, Aulin C, Fridén C, Turesson C, Andersson DC, Glenmark B, Lundberg IE, Rassier DE, Westerblad H, Lanner JT. Nitrosative modifications of the Ca2+ release complex and actin underlie arthritis-induced muscle weakness. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:1907-14. [PMID: 24854355 PMCID: PMC4602262 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skeletal muscle weakness is a prominent clinical feature in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the underlying mechanism(s) is unknown. Here we investigate the mechanisms behind arthritis-induced skeletal muscle weakness with special focus on the role of nitrosative stress on intracellular Ca(2+) handling and specific force production. METHODS Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression, degree of nitrosative stress and composition of the major intracellular Ca(2+) release channel (ryanodine receptor 1, RyR1) complex were measured in muscle. Changes in cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and force production were assessed in single-muscle fibres and isolated myofibrils using atomic force cantilevers. RESULTS The total neuronal NOS (nNOS) levels were increased in muscles both from collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice and patients with RA. The nNOS associated with RyR1 was increased and accompanied by increased [Ca(2+)]i during contractions of muscles from CIA mice. A marker of peroxynitrite-derived nitrosative stress (3-nitrotyrosine, 3-NT) was increased on the RyR1 complex and on actin of muscles from CIA mice. Despite increased [Ca(2+)]i, individual CIA muscle fibres were weaker than in healthy controls, that is, force per cross-sectional area was decreased. Furthermore, force and kinetics were impaired in CIA myofibrils, hence actin and myosin showed decreased ability to interact, which could be a result of increased 3-NT content on actin. CONCLUSIONS Arthritis-induced muscle weakness is linked to nitrosative modifications of the RyR1 protein complex and actin, which are driven by increased nNOS associated with RyR1 and progressively increasing Ca(2+) activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Olga Fedotovskaya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arthur J Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anabelle S Cornachione
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education and Department of Physics and Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fabio C Minozzo
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education and Department of Physics and Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cecilia Aulin
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Fridén
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Turesson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Daniel C Andersson
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Glenmark
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid E Lundberg
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dilson E Rassier
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education and Department of Physics and Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Håkan Westerblad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna T Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ishikawa LLW, Shoenfeld Y, Sartori A. Immunomodulation in human and experimental arthritis: including vitamin D, helminths and heat-shock proteins. Lupus 2014; 23:577-87. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203314527369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that is mainly directed to the joints, affecting the synovial membrane, the cartilage and also the bone. This disease affects 1% to 2% of the world population and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality. RA experimental models have allowed a great deal of information to be translated to the corresponding human disease. This review summarizes some of the most relevant findings targeting immunomodulation in arthritis. Some general guidelines to choose an adequate experimental model and also our experience with arthritis are supplied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LLW Ishikawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Y Shoenfeld
- The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - A Sartori
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zheng F, Put S, Bouwens L, Lahoutte T, Matthys P, Muyldermans S, De Baetselier P, Devoogdt N, Raes G, Schoonooghe S. Molecular imaging with macrophage CRIg-targeting nanobodies for early and preclinical diagnosis in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:824-9. [PMID: 24686780 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.113.130617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED An accurate and noninvasive tracer able to detect molecular events underlying the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) would be useful for RA diagnosis and drug efficacy assessment. A complement receptor of the Ig superfamily (CRIg) is expressed on synovial macrophages of RA patients, making it an interesting target for molecular imaging of RA. We aim to develop a radiotracer for the visualization of CRIg in a mouse model for RA using radiolabeled single-domain variable antibody VHH fragments (Nanobodies). METHODS Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to locate CRIg expression in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). A Nanobody, NbV4m119, was generated to specifically target CRIg. Flow cytometry, phosphorimaging, and confocal microscopy were used to confirm NbVm119 binding to CRIg-positive cells. SPECT (SPECT/CT) was used to image arthritic lesions in the inflamed paws of 29 mice using (99m)Tc-NbV4m119 Nanobody. RESULTS CRIg is constitutively expressed in the liver and was found to be upregulated in synovial tissues of CIA mice. SPECT/CT imaging revealed that (99m)Tc-NbV4m119 specifically targeted CRIg-positive liver macrophages in naïve wild-type but not in CRIg(-/-) (CRIg knockout) mice. In CIA mice, (99m)Tc-NbV4m119 accumulation in arthritic lesions increased according to the severity of the inflammation. In the knees of mice with CIA, (99m)Tc-NbV4m119 was found to accumulate even before the onset of macroscopic clinical symptoms. CONCLUSION SPECT/CT imaging with (99m)Tc-NbV4m119 visualizes joint inflammation in CIA. Furthermore, imaging could predict which mice will develop clinical symptoms during CIA. Consequently, imaging of joint inflammation with CRIg-specific Nanobodies offers perspectives for clinical applications in RA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) have been shown to play a role in the suppression of a wide variety of immune responses. For the study of autoimmune inflammation, experimental models of arthritis have acted as a valuable tool in understanding the function of Bregs in maintaining immune homeostasis. In this chapter, we will focus on the study of transitional-2 marginal zone precursor Bregs (T2-MZPs) in the context of two experimental arthritis models: antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). We will specifically focus on how to induce arthritis as well as methods for the isolation and functional study of Bregs both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Rosser
- Centre for Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, University College London, 5 University Street, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zou T, Yang Y, Xia F, Huang A, Gao X, Fang D, Xiong S, Zhang J. Resveratrol Inhibits CD4+ T cell activation by enhancing the expression and activity of Sirt1. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75139. [PMID: 24073240 PMCID: PMC3779207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol compound, has broad effects on critical events, including inflammation, oxidation, cancer and aging. However, the function and molecular mechanisms of resveratrol on T cell activation are controversial. In the present study, we found that resveratrol significantly inhibits the activation and cytokine production of T cells in vitro and in vivo. Sirt1 expression was up-regulated in resveratrol-treated T cells. Once Sirt1 was down-regulated in the T cells, the resveratrol-induced inhibition of T cell activation noticeably diminished. The acetylation of c-Jun decreased and its translocation was impeded in the resveratrol-treated T cells. The incidence and severity of collagen-induced arthritis in the resveratrol-treated mice were considerably reduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Xia
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anfei Huang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Gao
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sidong Xiong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JPZ); (SDX)
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (JPZ); (SDX)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Put S, Schoonooghe S, Devoogdt N, Schurgers E, Avau A, Mitera T, D'Huyvetter M, De Baetselier P, Raes G, Lahoutte T, Matthys P. SPECT imaging of joint inflammation with Nanobodies targeting the macrophage mannose receptor in a mouse model for rheumatoid arthritis. J Nucl Med 2013; 54:807-14. [PMID: 23447654 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.111781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease occurring in approximately 1% of the worldwide population. The disease primarily affects the joints, where inflammatory cells, such as macrophages, invade the synovium and cause cartilage and bone destruction. Currently, it is difficult to efficiently diagnose and monitor early-stage RA. In this study, we investigated whether SPECT/micro-CT imaging with (99m)Tc-labeled Nanobodies directed against the macrophage mannose receptor (MMR) is a useful tool for monitoring and quantifying joint inflammation in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a mouse model for RA. The expression of MMR was analyzed on macrophages and osteoclasts generated in vitro and in cells obtained from various organs from mice with CIA. METHODS CIA was induced in DBA/1 mice by injection of collagen type II in complete Freund adjuvant, and cell suspensions from the inflamed joints and other organs were obtained. Macrophages and osteoclasts were generated in vitro from bone marrow cells. Expression of MMR was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry with specific Nanobodies and conventional antibodies. SPECT/micro-CT imaging was performed with (99m)Tc-labeled MMR and control Nanobodies. RESULTS MMR was highly expressed on macrophages and to a lesser extent on osteoclasts generated in vitro. In mice with CIA, MMR expression was detected on cells from the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. In synovial fluid of arthritic joints, MMR was expressed on CD11b(+)F4/80(+) macrophages. On in vivo SPECT/micro-CT imaging with consecutive injections of MMR and control Nanobodies, a strong MMR signal was seen in the knees, ankles, and toes of arthritic mice. Quantification of the SPECT imaging confirmed the specificity of the MMR signal in inflamed joints as compared with the control Nanobody. Dissection of the paws revealed an additional significant MMR signal in nonarthritic paws of affected mice (i.e., mice displaying symptoms of arthritis in other paws). CONCLUSION Our data show that MMR is expressed on macrophages in vitro and in vivo in synovial fluid of inflamed paws, whereas expression is relatively low in other tissues. The use of Nanobodies against MMR in SPECT/micro-CT imaging generates the possibility to track inflammatory cells in vivo in arthritic joints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Put
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Denninger K, Rasmussen S, Larsen JM, Orskov C, Seier Poulsen S, Sørensen P, Christensen JP, Illges H, Odum N, Labuda T. JNK1, but not JNK2, is required in two mechanistically distinct models of inflammatory arthritis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:1884-93. [PMID: 21839715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The roles of the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) in inflammatory arthritis have been investigated; however, the roles of each isotype (ie, JNK1 and JNK2) in rheumatoid arthritis and conclusions about whether inhibition of one or both is necessary for amelioration of disease are unclear. By using JNK1- or JNK2-deficient mice in the collagen-induced arthritis and the KRN T-cell receptor transgenic mouse on C57BL/6 nonobese diabetic (K/BxN) serum transfer arthritis models, we demonstrate that JNK1 deficiency results in protection from arthritis, as judged by clinical score and histological evaluation in both models of inflammatory arthritis. In contrast, abrogation of JNK2 exacerbates disease. In collagen-induced arthritis, the distinct roles of the JNK isotypes can, at least in part, be explained by altered regulation of CD86 expression in JNK1- or JNK2-deficient macrophages in response to microbial products, thereby affecting T-cell-mediated immunity. The protection from K/BxN serum-induced arthritis in Jnk1(-/-) mice can also be explained by inept macrophage function because adoptive transfer of wild-type macrophages to Jnk1(-/-) mice restored disease susceptibility. Thus, our results provide a possible explanation for the modest therapeutic effects of broad JNK inhibitors and suggest that future therapies should selectively target the JNK1 isoform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Denninger
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Seeuws S, Jacques P, Van Praet J, Drennan M, Coudenys J, Decruy T, Deschepper E, Lepescheux L, Pujuguet P, Oste L, Vandeghinste N, Brys R, Verbruggen G, Elewaut D. A multiparameter approach to monitor disease activity in collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2010; 12:R160. [PMID: 20731827 PMCID: PMC2945063 DOI: 10.1186/ar3119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Disease severity in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is commonly assessed by clinical scoring of paw swelling and histological examination of joints. Although this is an accurate approach, it is also labour-intensive and the application of less invasive and less time-consuming methods is of great interest. However, it is still unclear which of these methods represents the most discriminating measure of disease activity. Methods We undertook a comparative analysis in which different measurements of inflammation and tissue damage in CIA were studied on an individual mouse level. We compared the current gold standard methods - clinical scoring and histological examination - with alternative methods based on scoring of X-ray or micro-computed tomography (CT) images and investigated the significance of systemically expressed proteins, involved in CIA pathogenesis, that have potential as biomarkers. Results Linear regression analysis revealed a marked association of serum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 levels with all features of CIA including inflammation, cartilage destruction and bone erosions. This association was improved by combined detection of MMP-3 and anti-collagen IgG2a antibody concentrations. In addition, combined analysis of both X-ray and micro-CT images was found to be predictive for cartilage and bone damage. Most remarkably, validation analysis using an independent data set proved that variations in disease severity, induced by different therapies, could be accurately represented by predicted values based on the proposed parameters. Conclusions Our analyses revealed that clinical scoring, combined with serum MMP-3, anti-collagen IgG2a measurement and scoring of X-ray and micro-CT images, yields a comprehensive insight into the different aspects of disease activity in CIA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Seeuws
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Khalifeh MS, Al-Rukibat R, Hananeh W, Boumezrag A, Okour O. Investigation of the role of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-10, nitric oxide and rheumatoid factor-immunoglobulin M in a rat model of arthritis. Lab Anim 2010; 44:143-9. [DOI: 10.1258/la.2009.0080132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats is a widely used preclinical animal model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, CIA development in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats is less severe in terms of inflammatory response compared with other strains. Therefore, a modified CIA model called MCIA, using N-acetylmuramyl dipeptide (MDP), has been developed in the less sensitive SD rat strains. This work was conducted to better understand the immunopathological role and contributions of the pro-inflammatory T-helper type 1 (Th-1) cytokines and inflammatory mediators, interleukin-1 (IL-1 β), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) and nitric oxide (NO); the anti-inflammatory T-helper type 2 (Th-2) cytokine, IL-10 and autoantibodies such as rheumatoid factor (RF)-immunoglobulin M (IgM) in this newly developed RA model. TNF-α, NO and RF-IgM levels were significantly increased, while IL-1 β levels were not affected in this MCIA rat model. The levels of IL-10 were lower than the baseline when compared with controls. In conclusion: (1) the immunological features represented in the MCIA rat model favour the Th-1 cytokine profile over Th-2 and (2) RF-IgM can be used as a diagnostic test in preclinical RA models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Khalifeh
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Science College, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - R Al-Rukibat
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - W Hananeh
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - A Boumezrag
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science
| | - O Okour
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medical Science
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zimmerman DH, Taylor P, Bendele A, Carambula R, Duzant Y, Lowe V, O'Neill SP, Talor E, Rosenthal KS. CEL-2000: A therapeutic vaccine for rheumatoid arthritis arrests disease development and alters serum cytokine/chemokine patterns in the bovine collagen type II induced arthritis in the DBA mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:412-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
25
|
Burnette BL, Selness S, Devraj R, Jungbluth G, Kurumbail R, Stillwell L, Anderson G, Mnich S, Hirsch J, Compton R, De Ciechi P, Hope H, Hepperle M, Keith RH, Naing W, Shieh H, Portanova J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Leimgruber RM, Monahan J. SD0006: a potent, selective and orally available inhibitor of p38 kinase. Pharmacology 2009; 84:42-60. [PMID: 19590255 DOI: 10.1159/000227286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SD0006 is a diarylpyrazole that was prepared as an inhibitor of p38 kinase-alpha (p38alpha). In vitro, SD0006 was selective for p38alpha kinase over 50 other kinases screened (including p38gamma and p38delta with modest selectivity over p38beta). Crystal structures with p38alpha show binding at the ATP site with additional residue interactions outside the ATP pocket unique to p38alpha that can confer advantages over other ATP competitive inhibitors. Direct correlation between inhibition of p38alpha activity and that of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated TNFalpha release was established in cellular models and in vivo, including a phase 1 clinical trial. Potency (IC(50)) for inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) release, in vitro and in vivo, was <200 nmol/l. In vivo, SD0006 was effective in the rat streptococcal-cell-wall-induced arthritis model, with dramatic protective effects on paw joint integrity and bone density as shown by radiographic analysis. In the murine collagen-induced arthritis model, equivalence was demonstrated to anti-TNFalpha treatment. SD0006 also demonstrated good oral anti-inflammatory efficacy with excellent cross-species correlation between the rat, cynomolgus monkey, and human. SD0006 suppressed expression of multiple proinflammatory proteins at both the transcriptional and translational levels. These properties suggest SD0006 could provide broader therapeutic efficacy than cytokine-targeted monotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barry L Burnette
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Pfizer, Chesterfield, Mo. 63017, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hartog A, Hulsman J, Garssen J. Locomotion and muscle mass measures in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2009; 10:59. [PMID: 19493332 PMCID: PMC2700074 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-10-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by chronic poly-arthritis, synovial hyperplasia, erosive synovitis, progressive cartilage and bone destruction accompanied by a loss of body cell mass. This loss of cell mass, known as rheumatoid cachexia, predominates in the skeletal muscle and can in part be explained by a decreased physical activity. The murine collagen induced arthritis (CIA) model has been proven to be a useful model in RA research since it shares many immunological and pathological features with human RA. The present study explored the interactions between arthritis development, locomotion and muscle mass in the CIA model. METHODS CIA was induced in male DBA/1 mice. Locomotion was registered at different time points by a camera and evaluated by a computerized tracing system. Arthritis severity was detected by the traditionally used semi-quantitative clinical scores. The muscle mass of the hind-legs was detected at the end of the study by weighing. A methotrexate (MTX) intervention group was included to study the applicability of the locomotion and muscle mass for testing effectiveness of interventions in more detail. RESULTS There is a strong correlation between clinical arthritis and locomotion. The correlations between muscle mass and locomotion or clinical arthritis were less pronounced. MTX intervention resulted in an improvement of disease severity accompanied by an increase in locomotion and muscle mass. CONCLUSION The present data demonstrate that registration of locomotion followed by a computerized evaluation of the movements is a simple non invasive quantitative method to define disease severity and evaluate effectiveness of therapeutic agents in the CIA model.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antirheumatic Agents/pharmacology
- Antirheumatic Agents/therapeutic use
- Arthritis, Experimental/complications
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/physiopathology
- Body Weight/physiology
- Cachexia/drug therapy
- Cachexia/etiology
- Cachexia/physiopathology
- Disability Evaluation
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Gait Disorders, Neurologic/diagnosis
- Gait Disorders, Neurologic/drug therapy
- Gait Disorders, Neurologic/etiology
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Locomotion/drug effects
- Locomotion/physiology
- Male
- Methotrexate/pharmacology
- Methotrexate/therapeutic use
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Muscular Atrophy/diagnosis
- Muscular Atrophy/drug therapy
- Muscular Atrophy/etiology
- Severity of Illness Index
- Treatment Outcome
- Video Recording
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Hartog
- Danone Research, Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Bosrandweg 20, 6704 PH Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Hulsman
- Centre for Laboratory Animals (CKP), Wageningen University, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Danone Research, Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Bosrandweg 20, 6704 PH Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology & Pathophysiology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rodgers UR, Kevorkian L, Surridge AK, Waters JG, Swingler TE, Culley K, Illman S, Lohi J, Parker AE, Clark IM. Expression and function of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-28. Matrix Biol 2009; 28:263-72. [PMID: 19375502 PMCID: PMC2724077 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2009.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-28 (MMP-28, epilysin) is highly expressed in the skin by keratinocytes, the developing and regenerating nervous system and a number of other normal human tissues. In epithelial cells, over-expression of MMP-28 mediates irreversible epithelial to mesenchymal transition concomitant with loss of E-cadherin from the cell surface and an increase in active transforming growth factor beta. We recently reported the expression of MMP-28 in both cartilage and synovium where expression is increased in patients with osteoarthritis. In human chondrosarcoma cells MMP-28 was activated by proprotein convertases and the active form of the enzyme preferentially associated with the extracellular matrix in a C-terminal independent manner. over-expression of MMP-28 in chondrosarcoma cells led to altered cell morphology with increased organisation of actin. Adhesion to type II collagen and fibronectin was increased, and migration across the former was decreased. MMP-28 was localised to the cell surface, at least transiently, in a C-terminal dependent manner. Heparin prevented both extracellular matrix association and cell surface binding of MMP-28 suggesting that both are via heparan sulphate proteoglycans. Over-expression of activatable MMP-28, but not catalytically inactive EA mutant increased the expression and activity of MMP-2, and all forms of MMP-28 tested increased expression of MMP19 and TIMP3 mRNA. These data demonstrate that expression of MMP28 alters cell phenotype towards a more adhesive, less migratory behaviour. Further, MMP-28 activity may reside predominantly in the extracellular matrix, and we are currently searching for substrates in this compartment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula R Rodgers
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bonnelye E, Laurin N, Jurdic P, Hart DA, Aubin JE. Estrogen receptor-related receptor-alpha (ERR-alpha) is dysregulated in inflammatory arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47:1785-91. [PMID: 18927192 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Subchondral bone loss is a characteristic feature of inflammatory arthritis. Recently, estrogen receptor-related receptor-alpha (ERR-alpha), an orphan nuclear receptor, has been found to be involved in activation of macrophages. We hypothesized that ERR-alpha which is expressed and also functional in articular chondrocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts, may be involved in rodent models of inflammatory arthritis. METHODS Erosive arthritis was induced in DBA/1 mice by injection of type II collagen in Freund's complete adjuvant. RNA was isolated from the bone and joints and expression of ERR-alpha and cartilage (GDF5 and Col2a1) and bone [bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteocalcin (OCN)] markers was analysed by semi-quantitative PCR. RESULTS We report for the first time that the expression of ERR-alpha is dysregulated in bones and joints in a mouse model of inflammatory arthritis. Specifically, we show that ERR-alpha expression is down-regulated early in bone and later in joints of mice with type II CIA. Concomitantly, temporal changes were observed in GDF-5 and Col2a1 expression in joints following both initial injection and booster injection of type II collagen. Similarly, down-regulation of ERR-alpha mRNA expression in subchondral bone in mice with induced joint inflammation was also paralleled by down-regulation of markers of bone formation (BSP, OCN). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that dysregulation of ERR-alpha expression may precede and contribute to the destruction of cartilage and bone accompanying inflammatory arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Bonnelye
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Room 6233, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Forrester JV. Privilege revisited: an evaluation of the eye's defence mechanisms. Eye (Lond) 2008; 23:756-66. [PMID: 18989350 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2008.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune privilege has been considered for many years to be an interesting phenomenon associated with certain specialised tissues such as the eye and the brain. In recent years however, it has become clear that the active and passive mechanisms which underpin immune privilege are in fact a form of tissue-based immunological tolerance, perhaps of equal importance in providing defence against antigenic attack as the well established mechanisms based on the thymus (central tolerance) and circulating regulatory cells (peripheral tolerance). It would appear that each tissue possesses a degree of intrinsic immunological resistance which varies depending on the tissues and provides some degree of protection. In some tissues, such as the eye, this is protection from 'danger' has been developed to a high level of sophistication, but at a price. The mechanisms involved are presented in his lecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J V Forrester
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Collagen-induced arthritis is a well-validated, but strain-dependent mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis, with H-2(q) and H-2(r) strains showing the greatest degree of susceptibility. This protocol describes the induction of arthritis in the C57BL/6 strain (H-2(b)), which forms the genetic background of the majority of genetically modified strains. This protocol involves purification of type II collagen from chicken sternums, immunization of mice, clinical assessment of arthritis and analysis of T- and B-cell responses to type II collagen. Key aspects of the protocol are the need to use chicken collagen for immunization and the importance of avoiding aggressive behavior in males. The incidence of arthritis varies from 50 to 80% and is milder than the classical collagen-induced arthritis model. This procedure takes approximately 3 months to complete.
Collapse
|
31
|
Montecucco F, Mach F. Common inflammatory mediators orchestrate pathophysiological processes in rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 48:11-22. [PMID: 18927189 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RA is characterized by a systemic inflammatory state, in which immune cells and soluble mediators play a crucial role. These inflammatory processes resemble those in other chronic inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis. The chronic systemic inflammation in RA can be considered as an independent risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis, and represents an important field to investigate the reasons of the increase of acute cardiovascular events in RA. In the present review, we focused on several mediators of autoimmunity, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, which can be considered the most promising targets to prevent atherogenesis in RA. Among several mediators, the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha has been shown as a crucial factor to induce atherosclerosis in RA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Montecucco
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Foundation for Medical Researches, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Clanchy FIL, Williams RO. Plasmid DNA as a safe gene delivery vehicle for treatment of chronic inflammatory disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2008; 8:1507-19. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.8.10.1507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|