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Brainard RE, Terson de Paleville DGL, Long MC, Hughes DG, Watson LJ, Anderson G. The Inverted Case Study Technique: Changing the Traditional Case-Study Approach to Prioritize Physiological Mechanisms Over Correct Diagnosis and Treatment. Adv Physiol Educ 2024. [PMID: 38602008 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00180.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The traditional case study has been used as a learning tool for the past 100 years and in our program, graduate physiology students are presented with a real-world scenario and must determine the diagnosis and treatment of the patient. We found that students defaulted to memorization of disease with treatment and bypassed gaining an understanding of the mechanistic physiology behind disease and treatment. To adjust our student's approach, we developed a novel way to enhance student learning. In order to accomplish this shift from memorization to physiological mastery, we created the Inverted Case Study. This approach diverges from the traditional model in that students are given the diagnosis and treatment beforehand and are tasked with explaining the actual physiology of the case. In this way, students can no longer rely on the memorization of symptoms-disease-treatment, but rather gain a solid understanding of the physiological mechanisms of the disease since that is the focus of ICST. The inverted case study approach is an effective approach to apply and hone critical thinking skills.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael C Long
- School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Daniel G Hughes
- School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentuckty, United States
| | - Lewis J Watson
- Pharmacology & Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Gary Anderson
- Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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2
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Bosco-Lauth AM, Schueler A, Midthun E, Tyra H, Held A, Hood C, Quilici M, Erickson S, Glover S, Gustafson B, Anderson G. Vaccination against Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus 2 (RHDV2) Using a Baculovirus Recombinant Vaccine Provides Durable Immunity in Rabbits. Viruses 2024; 16:538. [PMID: 38675881 PMCID: PMC11054048 DOI: 10.3390/v16040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) emerged in the United States in 2018 and has spread in both domestic and wild rabbits nationwide. The virus has a high mortality rate and can spread rapidly once introduced in a rabbit population. Vaccination against RHDV2 provides the best protection against disease and should be considered by all rabbit owners. Here, we investigate the duration of immunity provided by vaccination with the Medgene Platform conditionally licensed commercial vaccine 6 months following the initial series. Rabbits received either the vaccination or a placebo and were challenged with RHDV2 6 months later. All vaccinated rabbits survived challenge whereas 18/19 non-vaccinated controls succumbed to infection within 10 or fewer days post-challenge. These results demonstrate lasting immunity following vaccination with the Medgene RHDV2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Bosco-Lauth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | | | - Edward Midthun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | - Hailey Tyra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | - Amanda Held
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | - Claire Hood
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
| | - Marissa Quilici
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (H.T.)
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3
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Uguz S, Anderson G, Yang X, Simsek E, Osabutey A, Yilmaz M, Min K. Microalgae cultivation using ammonia and carbon dioxide concentrations typical of pig barns. Environ Technol 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38325802 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2311082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
While global population growth drives increased production efficiency in animal agriculture, there is a growing demand for environmentally friendly practices, particularly in reducing air pollutant emissions from concentrated animal feeding operations. This study explores the potential of cultivating microalgae in photobioreactors (PBRs) as an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach to mitigate NH3 and CO2 emissions from pig barns. Unlike traditional physicochemical mitigation systems, microalgae offer a renewable solution by converting pollutants into valuable biomass. The research focused on Scenedesmus dimorphus growth under typical NH3 and CO2 concentrations found in the indoor air of pig barns. Four NH3 (0, 12, 25, and 50 ppm) and four CO2 concentrations (350, 1200, 2350, and 3500 ppm) were tested using photobioreactors. Results showed a maximum specific growth rate of 0.83 d-1 with 12 ppm NH3 and 3500 ppm CO2. The dry biomass concentration was significantly higher (1.16 ± 0.08 g L-1; p < 0.01) at 25 ppm NH3 and 2350 ppm CO2 than other test conditions. S. dimorphus demonstrated the peak NH3 and CO2 fixation rates (23.8 ± 2.26 mg NH3 L-1 d-1 and 432.24 ± 41.09 mg CO2 L-1 d-1) at 25 ppm NH3 and 2350 ppm CO2. These findings support the feasibility of using algae to effectively remove air pollutants in pig barns, thereby improving indoor air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyit Uguz
- Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
- Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Architecture, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Gary Anderson
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Xufei Yang
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Ercan Simsek
- Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Augustina Osabutey
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Mete Yilmaz
- Department of Bioengineering, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Kyungnan Min
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota State University Brookings, SD, USA
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Osabutey A, Haleem N, Uguz S, Min K, Samuel R, Albert K, Anderson G, Yang X. Growth of Scenedesmus dimorphus in swine wastewater with versus without solid-liquid separation pretreatment. Bioresour Technol 2023; 369:128434. [PMID: 36473585 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Scenedesmus dimorphus was cultivated in raw and pretreated swine wastewater (SW) with 6-L photobioreactors (PBRs) to investigate the effect of solid-liquid separation on algal growth. The same aerated PBRs containing no algae were used as control. Moderate COD and nitrogen removal from the SW was achieved with the algal PBRs. However, compared to the control reactors, they offered no consistent treatment boost. Improved algal growth occurred in the pretreated SW, as measured by maximum algal cell count (3202 ± 275 × 106 versus 2286 ± 589 × 106 cells L-1) and cell size. The enhanced algal growth in the pretreated SW resulted in relatively high nitrogen (5.7 %) and organic matter contents in the solids harvested at the end of cultivation experiments, with ∼25.6 % of nitrogen in the SW retained in the solids and ∼9.1 % absorbed by algae. The pretreatment also resulted in elevated phosphorus removal. This study is anticipated to foster the development of microalgae-based SW treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustina Osabutey
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Noor Haleem
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Seyit Uguz
- Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Gorukle 16240, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Kyungnan Min
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Ryan Samuel
- Department of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Karlee Albert
- Department of Biology & Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Gary Anderson
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Xufei Yang
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
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Dagher R, Fogel P, Wang J, Soussan D, Chiang CC, Kearley J, Muthas D, Taillé C, Berger P, Bourdin A, Chenivesse C, Leroy S, Anderson G, Humbles AA, Aubier M, Kolbeck R, Pretolani M. Proteomic profiling of serum identifies a molecular signature that correlates with clinical outcomes in COPD. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277357. [PMID: 36480517 PMCID: PMC9731494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Novel biomarkers related to main clinical hallmarks of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a heterogeneous disorder with pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations, were investigated by profiling the serum levels of 1305 proteins using Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamers (SOMA)scan technology. METHODS Serum samples were collected from 241 COPD subjects in the multicenter French Cohort of Bronchial obstruction and Asthma to measure the expression of 1305 proteins using SOMAscan proteomic platform. Clustering of the proteomics was applied to identify disease subtypes and their functional annotation and association with key clinical parameters were examined. Cluster findings were revalidated during a follow-up visit, and compared to those obtained in a group of 47 COPD patients included in the Melbourne Longitudinal COPD Cohort. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering identified two clusters within COPD subjects at inclusion. Cluster 1 showed elevated levels of factors contributing to tissue injury, whereas Cluster 2 had higher expression of proteins associated with enhanced immunity and host defense, cell fate, remodeling and repair and altered metabolism/mitochondrial functions. Patients in Cluster 2 had a lower incidence of exacerbations, unscheduled medical visits and prevalence of emphysema and diabetes. These protein expression patterns were conserved during a follow-up second visit, and substanciated, by a large part, in a limited series of COPD patients. Further analyses identified a signature of 15 proteins that accurately differentiated the two COPD clusters at the 2 visits. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into COPD heterogeneity and suggests that overexpression of factors involved in lung immunity/host defense, cell fate/repair/ remodelling and mitochondrial/metabolic activities contribute to better clinical outcomes. Hence, high throughput proteomic assay offers a powerful tool for identifying COPD endotypes and facilitating targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Dagher
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Jingya Wang
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Soussan
- Inserm UMR1152, Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Bichat, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Chia-Chien Chiang
- Data Sciences and AI, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Kearley
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniel Muthas
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Camille Taillé
- Inserm UMR1152, Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Bichat, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Service de Pneumologie A - Groupement Hospitalier Universitaire Nord Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Inserm UMR1045, Université de Bordeaux, Service d’explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- Inserm UMR1046, Université de Montpellier, Département de Pneumologie et Addictologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Chenivesse
- Inserm UMR1158, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation médicale, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire La Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Leroy
- Université de Nice and Service de Pneumologie Hôpital Pasteur, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
| | - Gary Anderson
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison A. Humbles
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michel Aubier
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
- Inserm UMR1152, Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Roland Kolbeck
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marina Pretolani
- Inserm UMR1152, Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Bichat, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Bosco-Lauth AM, Cominsky B, Porter S, Root JJ, Schueler A, Anderson G, VanderWal S, Benson A. A novel vaccine candidate against rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) confers protection in domestic rabbits. Am J Vet Res 2022; 83:ajvr.22.05.0095. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.22.05.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate efficacy of a novel vaccine against rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) in domestic rabbits.
ANIMALS
40 New Zealand White rabbits obtained from a commercial breeder.
PROCEDURES
Rabbits were vaccinated and held at the production facility for the duration of the vaccination phase and transferred to Colorado State University for challenge with RHDV2. Rabbits were challenged with oral suspensions containing infectious virus and monitored for clinical disease for up to 10 days. Rabbits that died or were euthanized following infection were necropsied, and livers were evaluated for viral RNA via RT-PCR.
RESULTS
None of the vaccinated animals (0/9) exhibited clinical disease or mortality following infection with RHDV2 while 9/13 (69%) of the control animals succumbed to lethal disease following infection.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The novel vaccine described herein provided complete protection against lethal infection following RHDV2 challenge. Outside of emergency use, there are currently no licensed vaccines against RHDV2 on the market in the United States; as such, this vaccine candidate would provide an option for control of this disease now that RHDV2 has become established in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bethany Cominsky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Stephanie Porter
- USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO
| | - J. Jeffrey Root
- USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO
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Anderson G, Rega ML, Casasanta D, Graffigna G, Damiani G, Barello S. The association between patient activation and healthcare resources utilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 2022; 210:134-141. [PMID: 35970015 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the association between patient activation and hospitalization or emergency department (ED) visits among adults with chronic diseases. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic review of English articles was performed using the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase. Articles were searched from 2005 until July 2021. Observational studies that measured the association between patient activation, measured by the Patient Activation Measure (PAM), and hospitalization or ED visits among adults with chronic or multichronic diseases were included. Pairs of reviewers independently screened the studies and extracted data for qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The methodological quality was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Studies (QUIPS) tool. RESULTS A total of nine observational studies (153,121 participants) were included in the qualitative synthesis, whereas six were pooled in the quantitative synthesis (151,359 participants). High levels of patient activation were significantly associated with a reduced risk for both hospitalizations (RR [95% CI] = 0.69 [0.61; 0.77], I2 = 78%) and ED visits (RR [95% CI] = 0.76 [0.70; 0.84], I2 = 72%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the existence of an inverse association between patient activation and healthcare resources utilization. Further observational studies are needed to fully comprehend the magnitude of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anderson
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - M L Rega
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - D Casasanta
- Children Hospital Bambino Gesù, Piazza di Sant'Onofrio, 4, 00165, Roma, Italy
| | - G Graffigna
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 1, Milan, 20123, Italy; EngageMinds HUB - Consumer, Food & Health Engagement Research Center, Milan, 20123, Italy; Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Milano 24, Cremona, 26100, Italy
| | - G Damiani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - S Barello
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 1, Milan, 20123, Italy; EngageMinds HUB - Consumer, Food & Health Engagement Research Center, Milan, 20123, Italy.
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8
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Uguz S, Anderson G, Yang X, Simsek E, Osabutey A. Cultivation of Scenedesmus dimorphus with air contaminants from a pig confinement building. J Environ Manage 2022; 314:115129. [PMID: 35477139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The continual consolidation and concentration of animal feeding operations (AFOs) raises various environmental challenges, including air pollutant emission. Cost-effective mitigation technologies are pursued to protect the health and wellbeing of animals and farmers as well as the environment. Previous lab studies utilized ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2), two major air pollutants in AFOs, for microalgal cultivation. However, the field performance of this algae-based mitigation approach has yet to be investigated. In this study, two photobioreactors (PBRs) were tested in a nursery pig barn to mitigate NH3 and CO2 while growing Scenedesmus dimorphus (S. dimorphus). Pit air was fed into the PBRs where the two pollutants were adsorbed by S. dimorphus as nutrients to produce algal biomass and oxygen gas (O2). The cleaned air then recirculated back to the room space. S. dimorphus reached its maximum cell count on the 17th day of the experiment when NH3 and CO2 concentrations in the pit air were 25.6 ppm and 3150 ppm, respectively. The maximum biomass concentration occurred on the 11th day when the NH3 and CO2 concentrations were 14.6 and 2250 ppm, respectively. The average mitigation efficiency was 31-50% for NH3 and 1-1.7% for CO2. The costs for removing 1 g NH3 and CO2 were estimated to be $3.77 and $0.20, respectively. This study shows that an integrated PBR system is technically feasible for reducing pig barn air pollutant emission while producing microalgae as a valuable product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyit Uguz
- Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Gorukle, 16240, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Gary Anderson
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Xufei Yang
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
| | - Ercan Simsek
- Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, Gorukle, 16240, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Augustina Osabutey
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University Brookings, SD, 57007, USA
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Rabin J, Silva F, Trevino N, Gillentine H, Li L, Inclan L, Anderson G, Lee E, Vo H. Performance enhancement in color deficiency with color-correcting lenses. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:1502-1503. [PMID: 34999724 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Rabin
- University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Frances Silva
- University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Natalie Trevino
- University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Harper Gillentine
- University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Liqing Li
- University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Loary Inclan
- University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Gary Anderson
- University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Erica Lee
- University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Harrison Vo
- University of the Incarnate Word Rosenberg School of Optometry, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Hroobi A, Boorgula GD, Gordon D, Bai J, Goodin D, Anderson G, Wilson S, Staggs A, Raghavan RK. Diversity and seasonality of host-seeking ticks in a periurban environment in the Central Midwest (USA). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250272. [PMID: 33891636 PMCID: PMC8064531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Between March 2014 and February 2017, host-seeking ticks were collected during the late spring and summer months seasonally, and as well as continually through all seasons from several sites in a periurban environment in Pittsburg, Kansas, located in the Central Midwestern United States. All three post-emergent life-stages of Amblyomma americanum, and the adults of three other ticks viz. Dermacentor variabilis, A. maculatum, and Ixodes scapularis were collected using the flagging method, and were taxonomically identified using morphological and molecular methods. A total of 15946 ticks were collected from these sites. A vast majority of the ticks collected over the three-year study period was A. americanum (79.01%). The three other species collected included D. variabilis (13.10%), A. maculatum (7.15%), and Ixodes scapularis (0.73%). More female ticks of each species were collected throughout the study period from all sites, and a unimodal activity period was noted for all four species. The diversity, composition, and phenology of these medically significant tick species are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hroobi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gunavanthi D. Boorgula
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - David Gordon
- Department of Biology, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Jianfa Bai
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Doug Goodin
- Department of Geography, College of Arts and Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Gary Anderson
- Medgene Labs, Paola, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Savannah Wilson
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Alex Staggs
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Ram K. Raghavan
- Center for Vector-Borne and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Public Health, School of Health Professions, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Moorthi S, Paguirigan A, Anderson G, Porter P, Herndon M, Jhingan E, Ha G, Berger A. FP12.12 Lung Cancer in Women Never-Smokers: A Genomics Perspective of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Cohort. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
It is widely accepted that the pathophysiology and treatment of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) could be considerably improved. The heterogeneity of ME/CFS and the confusion over its classification have undoubtedly contributed to this, although this would seem a consequence of the complexity of the array of ME/CFS presentations and high levels of diverse comorbidities. This article reviews the biological underpinnings of ME/CFS presentations, including the interacting roles of the gut microbiome/permeability, endogenous opioidergic system, immune cell mitochondria, autonomic nervous system, microRNA-155, viral infection/re-awakening and leptin as well as melatonin and the circadian rhythm. This details not only relevant pathophysiological processes and treatment options, but also highlights future research directions. Due to the complexity of interacting systems in ME/CFS pathophysiology, clarification as to its biological underpinnings is likely to considerably contribute to the understanding and treatment of other complex and poorly managed conditions, including fibromyalgia, depression, migraine, and dementia. The gut and immune cell mitochondria are proposed to be two important hubs that interact with the circadian rhythm in driving ME/CFS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London, UK.
| | - M Maes
- Dept Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dept Psychiatry, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.; IMPACT Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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13
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Li Y, Sthal C, Bai J, Liu X, Anderson G, Fang Y. Development of a real-time RT-qPCR assay for the detection of porcine respirovirus 1. J Virol Methods 2020; 289:114040. [PMID: 33309757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.114040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Porcine respirovirus 1 (PRV1) was first reported in the pig nasopharyngeal samples in Hong Kong in 2013. It has been widespread in US swine herds. Recently, PRV1 was also detected in South America and European countries. Currently, there is no validated diagnostic assay available for the detection of this virus. In this study, we developed a real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay targeting the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene for molecular diagnosis. The analytical sensitivity of this RT-qPCR assay was evaluated using in vitro transcribed RNA standard, and the limit of detection was 10 copies of viral RNA in a 20 μl reaction. No cross-reactivity was observed with nucleic acid prepared from common swine respiratory pathogens. The diagnostic performance of this assay was determined with 114 pig nasal swabs and 19 oral fluid samples with known PRV1 infection status. The RT-qPCR results were consistent with conventional RT-PCR and DNA sequencing of the HN gene, demonstrating a 100 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity. This assay was further applied to field samples. Among 310 nasal swab samples that were tested, 201 samples from 8 swine farms were PRV1 positive. No viremia was detected in PRV1 infected pigs using the available field samples. Nasal swab and oral fluid samples appear to be reliable for PRV1 detection with the RT-qPCR assay. Taken together, we developed and validated an RT-qPCR assay for accurate detection of PRV1 in nasal swab and oral fluid samples. It will be a useful tool for the rapid diagnosis of PRV1 infection and in aid of PRV1 epidemiological surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Li
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
| | - Chase Sthal
- Fairmont Veterinary Clinic, Fairmont, MN 56031, United States
| | - Jianfa Bai
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Xuming Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Gary Anderson
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
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14
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Hudson AR, Santora VJ, Petroski RE, Almos TA, Anderson G, Barido R, Basinger J, Bellows CL, Bookser BC, Broadbent NJ, Cabebe C, Chai CK, Chen M, Chow S, Chung DM, Heger L, Danks AM, Freestone GC, Gitnick D, Gupta V, Hoffmaster C, Kaplan AP, Kennedy MR, Lee D, Limberis J, Ly K, Mak CC, Masatsugu B, Morse AC, Na J, Neul D, Nikpur J, Renick J, Sebring K, Sevidal S, Tabatabaei A, Wen J, Xia S, Yan Y, Yoder ZW, Zook D, Peters M, Breitenbucher JG. Azetidine-based selective glycine transporter-1 (GlyT1) inhibitors with memory enhancing properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127214. [PMID: 32527538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A strategy to conformationally restrain a series of GlyT1 inhibitors identified potent analogs that exhibited slowly interconverting rotational isomers. Further studies to address this concern led to a series of azetidine-based inhibitors. Compound 26 was able to elevate CSF glycine levels in vivo and demonstrated potency comparable to Bitopertin in an in vivo rat receptor occupancy study. Compound 26 was subsequently shown to enhance memory in a Novel Object Recognition (NOR) behavioral study after a single dose of 0.03 mg/kg, and in a contextual fear conditioning (cFC) study after four QD doses of 0.01-0.03 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Hudson
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States.
| | - Vincent J Santora
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Robert E Petroski
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Theresa A Almos
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Gary Anderson
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Richard Barido
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Jillian Basinger
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Chris L Bellows
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Brett C Bookser
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Nicola J Broadbent
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Clifford Cabebe
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Chih-Kun Chai
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Mi Chen
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Stephine Chow
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - De Michael Chung
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Lindsay Heger
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Anne M Danks
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Graeme C Freestone
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Dany Gitnick
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Varsha Gupta
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | | | - Alan P Kaplan
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Michael R Kennedy
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Dong Lee
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - James Limberis
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Kiev Ly
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Chi Ching Mak
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Brittany Masatsugu
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Andrew C Morse
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Jim Na
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - David Neul
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - John Nikpur
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Joel Renick
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Kristen Sebring
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Samantha Sevidal
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Ali Tabatabaei
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Jenny Wen
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Shouzhen Xia
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Yingzhuo Yan
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Zachary W Yoder
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Douglas Zook
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - Marco Peters
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
| | - J Guy Breitenbucher
- Dart Neuroscience, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr, San Diego, CA 92131, United States
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15
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Tahoun M, Chandler JC, Ashton E, Haston S, Hannan A, Kim JS, D’Arco F, Bockenhauer D, Anderson G, Lin MH, Marzouk S, Saied MH, Miner JH, Dattani MT, Waters AM. Mutations in LAMB2 Are Associated With Albuminuria and Optic Nerve Hypoplasia With Hypopituitarism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5643661. [PMID: 31769495 PMCID: PMC7048679 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Mutations in LAMB2, encoding the basement membrane protein, laminin β2, are associated with an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital nephrotic syndrome, ocular abnormalities, and neurodevelopmental delay (Pierson syndrome). CASE DESCRIPTION This report describes a 12-year-old boy with short stature, visual impairment, and developmental delay who presented with macroscopic hematuria and albuminuria. He had isolated growth hormone deficiency, optic nerve hypoplasia, and a small anterior pituitary with corpus callosum dysgenesis on his cranial magnetic resonance imaging, thereby supporting a diagnosis of optic nerve hypoplasia syndrome. Renal histopathology revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Using next-generation sequencing on a targeted gene panel for steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, compound heterozygous missense mutations were identified in LAMB2 (c.737G>A p.Arg246Gln, c.3982G>C p.Gly1328Arg). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed reduced glomerular laminin β2 expression compared to control kidney and a thin basement membrane on electron microscopy. Laminin β2 is expressed during pituitary development and Lamb2-/- mice exhibit stunted growth, abnormal neural retinae, and here we show, abnormal parenchyma of the anterior pituitary gland. CONCLUSION We propose that patients with genetically undefined optic nerve hypoplasia syndrome should be screened for albuminuria and, if present, screened for mutations in LAMB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Tahoun
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Jennifer C Chandler
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - Emma Ashton
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Scott Haston
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - Athia Hannan
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ji Soo Kim
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | - Felipe D’Arco
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Bockenhauer
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - G Anderson
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Meei-Hua Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Salah Marzouk
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Marwa H Saied
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Mehul T Dattani
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Aoife M Waters
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Correspondence: Aoife Waters, MB, BAO, MSc, PhD, FRCPCH, Programme of Developmental Biology of Birth Defects, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK; Consultant Paediatric Nephrologist, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. E-mail: ;
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16
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McCarthy A, McMeekin P, Anderson G, McCarthy S, Parry SW. 87 Effects of Community Falls Prevention Service Closure on ICD-10 Coded Fracture Rates in Older People: An Interrupted Time Series Approach. Age Ageing 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz193.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Guidelines on falls prevention recommend case ascertainment based on opportunistic case ascertainment and referral in those who have fallen. In October 2009 we implemented a novel multidisciplinary, multifactorial falls, syncope and dizziness service with enhanced case-ascertainment through proactive, primary care-based screening for associated risk factors. In addition to comprehensive geriatric assessment, 25% of 4032 service participants underwent strength and balance training. The baseline outcomes have been previously reported.1 Funding was withdrawn, and the service closed on 31/01/2014. We examined the effect of service-closure on fractures presenting to secondary care with and without the service running.
Methods
An interrupted time series method was used. ICD-10 coded fracture numbers attending secondary care were determined (Hospital Episode Statistics from 01/02/2012-31/05/2017) for all North Tyneside residents ≥60 years at the time of service closure, including 25-months with, and 40-months without, service provision.
Results
There was a 0.9% (p=0.018) monthly reduction in falls over 25-months of service provision which increased during the winter months of a 9.8% (p=0.015) increase. In the month following the service closure there was an initial increase in fractures of 8.5% (p=0.231), followed by an increase in the monthly time trend of 1% (p=0.018). This resulted in a post-service monthly increase in fractures of 0.1%, an estimated extra 625 fractures over the 40-month post-service cessation period. At an average £8600 per fracture, the estimated cost may have been £5,375,000.
Conclusions
In this naturalistic experiment, following an initial drop in fractures, disinvestment in this service resulted in a rise in elders’ fractures presenting to secondary care. The closure of the service may have had a large unintended cost, averaging £1.5 million annually, versus annual running costs of £220,000. Further research is needed to control for patient-level characteristics and to establish the cost-effectiveness of the service.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - S W Parry
- Newcastle University Institute of Ageing
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17
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McCarthy A, McMeekin P, Anderson G, McCarthy S, Parry SW. 74 Effects of Community Falls Prevention Service Closure on Ischaemic Heart Disease Attendances in Secondary Care: An Interrupted Time Series Approach. Age Ageing 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz190.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In 2009 we implemented a novel multidisciplinary, multifactorial falls, syncope and dizziness service model utilising proactive, primary care-based screening (≥60 years). Participants underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment, while 25% of the 4032 service participants had exercise training. All had additional lifestyle advice on exercise, alcohol intake, weight loss and smoking cessation. The preliminary outcomes of this approach have been previously reported, with occult atrial fibrillation, murmurs, ECG-evident ischaemic heart disease (IHD) etc reported to GPs for further action.1 Funding was withdrawn and the service closed on 31/01/2014. We examined IHD secondary care attendances with and without service provision.
Methods
Patients: North Tyneside residents ≥60 years at time of closure of the service in January 2014, who were presented acutely to secondary care with IHD using an interrupted time series method. ICD-10 coded IHD numbers were determined (Hospital Episode Statistics from 01/02/2012[date of a change in coding compared to service commencement in 2009] until 31/05/2017) including 25-months with, and 40-months without, service provision.
Results
The Table summarises the change in IHD +/- service provision; there was a significant reduction in IHD non-elective admissions during both time series’, but the reduction was significantly lower without service provision.
In addition, immediately following the service closure there was an initial increase in IHD complications of 18.4% (p=0.059) followed by an increase in the time trend of 2.7% (p=0.029), resulting in a 0.6% post-service monthly reduction in IHD complications.
Conclusions
Disinvestment in this service resulted in a slowdown in the underlying reduction of IHD diagnoses in secondary care. However, further research is needed to control for patient-level characteristics, the economic impact and to look at the effect of the service on other cardiovascular diseases.
Reference
1. Parry SW. JAGS 2016; 64 (11):2368–2373.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - S W Parry
- Newcastle University Institute of Ageing
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18
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Moorthi S, Paguirigan A, Anderson G, Porter P, Holden M, Ha G, Berger A. A24 The Genome-Wide Mutational Landscape of Lung Cancer in Never-Smokers: The Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Cohort. J Thorac Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Eisele TA, Adadevoh K, Anderson G, Brause A, Briesmeister D, Burke J, Cherix G, Ellis C, Hendricks S, Ho CT, Huang CJ, Iuliano T, Kline L, Knapp C, Krueger D, Terwel L. Determination of D-Malic Acid in Apple Juice by Liquid Chromatography: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/79.1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Eleven laboratories collaboratively studied a liquid chromatographic (LC) method for determination of D-malic acid in apple juice. The mobile phase consisted of 16 mM L-valine and 8 mM copper acetate adjusted to pH 5.5 with NaOH. The UV detector was set at 330 nm, and a single reversed-phase LC column was used. Seven paired samples containing various amounts of D-malic acid ranging from 0 to 188 mg/100 mL of 12 Brix pasteurized apple juice were tested by each collaborator. Repeatability and reproducibility coefficients of variation ranged from 1.0 to 3.5% and 7.7 to 11.7%, respectively, within the range of 26 to 188 mg D-malic acid/100 mL of 12 Brix apple juice. The collabora tive study results demonstrated that the method could quantitate the economic adulteration of ap ple juice with DL-malic acid at lower levels than those reported with previous methods. The LC method for determination of D-malic acid in apple juice has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Eisele
- Tree Top, Inc., Technical Center, PO Box 248, Selah, WA 98942
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20
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Jechorek RP, Johnson RL, Agin J, Anderson G, Bennett R, Brown M, Dammann H, DuCloux W, Elems C, Hawryluk T, Hernandez C, Johnson LA, Koschmann C, Lugovaz I, Moon B, Moore S, Porter M, Purvis U, Riva J, Shaw C, Wessinger A. Evaluation of the VIDAS Staph Enterotoxin II (SET 2) Immunoassay Method for the Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/91.1.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to determine the limit of detection (LOD) of Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SET) in 5 foods. Cooked chicken, ham, potato salad, pasteurized liquid whole milk, and canned mushrooms were each spiked with a different enterotoxin (A, B, C1, D, or E), and tested at 0.25 and 0.5 ng/g SET levels to determine the LOD of the assay for those foods in a collaborative study. Unspiked controls were also included. A total of 19 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1674 test portions were analyzed, of which 1638 were used in the statistical analysis. Of the 1638 test portions used in the statistical analysis, 1104 were spiked test portions, of which 1073 were positive by the VIDAS Staph enterotoxin II (SET 2) method. The detection rates at the 0.25 ng/mL level were cooked chicken, 98.2; ham, 99.0; potato salad, 99.1; liquid whole milk, 85.2; and canned mushrooms, 100. The detection rates at the 0.5 ng/mL level were cooked chicken, 97.4; ham, 98.1; potato salad, 100; liquid whole milk, 99.0; and canned mushrooms, 100. The data indicate that the SET 2 method is capable of detecting SET at 0.25 ng/g in cooked chicken, ham, potato salad, and canned mushrooms and at 0.5 ng/g in pasteurized liquid whole milk.
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21
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Feldsine PT, Kerr DE, Leung SC, Lienau AH, Moser RF, Mui LA, Anderson G, Beasley M, Clements S, Dillon J, Dombroski P, Forgey R, Gartside S, Hernandez C, Hopkins S, Johnson K, Meier J, Nguyen T, Ortega R, Reynolds J, Smith J, Solis D, Summers C, Terry J, Tuncan E, Vrana D, Warren W, Wood S. Visual Immunoprecipitate Assay Eight Hour Method for Detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Raw and Cooked Beef (Modification of AOAC Official Method 996.09): Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/85.5.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
AOAC Official Method 996.09, Visual Immunoprecipitate Assay (VIP®) for Escherichia coli O157:H7, was modified to incorporate a new enrichment protocol using BioControl EHEC8™ medium for testing raw and cooked beef. Foods were tested by VIP assay and the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA/FSIS) enrichment procedure and the FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) isolation and confirmation techniques. A total of 15 collaborators participated. Raw and cooked ground beef were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 2 different levels: a high level, where predominantly positive results were expect d, and a low level where fractional recovery was anticipated. Collaborators tested 396 test portions and controls by both methods, for a total of 792 test portions. Of the 396 paired test portions, 75 were positive and 230 were negative by both the VIP and culture methods. Eleven test portions were presumptively positive by VIP and could not be confirmed culturally; 32 were negative by VIP, but confirmed positive by culture; and 65 were negative by the culture method, but confirmed positive by the VIP method. There was no statistical difference between results obtained with the VIP for EHEC 8 h method and the culture method except for cooked beef, where the VIP had significantly higher recovery for one inoculation level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David E Kerr
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | - Andrew H Lienau
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Ruth F Moser
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | - Linda A Mui
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
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22
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Silbernagel K, Jechorek R, Carver C, Barbour WM, Mrozinski P, Albert A, Andaloro B, Anderson G, Beacorn F, Brooks R, Carson M, Crossfield D, Eliasberg S, Farmer D, Frantzeskakis C, Gasses T, Gatesy T, Hall G, Hanson P, Heddaeus K, Hermann K, Hutchins J, Jenkins J, Johnson F, Johnson J, Kawalek M, Kelly L, Koschmann C, Lannon P, Lester D, Manner K, Martin J, Maselli M, McGovern B, Mohnke F, Moon B, Murray L, Pace R, Richards J, Robeson S, Rodgers D, Rosario G, Saunders C, Shaw C, Dana Shell J, Sloan E, Thompson S, Vialpando M, Voermans R, Watts K, Wieczorek K, Wilson K, Yeh H, Zamora D. Evaluation of the BAX® System for Detection of Salmonella in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.6.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the automated BAX® System to the standard cultural methods for detection of Salmonella in selected foods. Five food types—frankfurters, raw ground beef, mozzarella cheese, raw frozen tilapia fish, and orange juice—at 3 inoculation levels, were analyzed by each method. A sixth food type, raw ground chicken, was tested using 3 naturally contaminated lots. A total of 16 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1386 samples were analyzed, of which 1188 were paired samples and 198 were unpaired samples. Of the 1188 paired samples, 461 were positive by both methods and 404 were negative by both methods. Thirty-seven samples were positive by the BAX System but negative by the standard reference method, and 11 samples were positive by standard cultural method and negative by the BAX System. Of the 198 unpaired samples, 106 were positive by the BAX System and 60 were positive by the standard cultural method. A Chi square analysis of each of the 6 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. For all foods, the BAX System demonstrated results comparable to those of the standard reference methods based on the Chi square results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles Carver
- rtech laboratories, PO Box 64101, St. Paul, MN 55164-0101
| | - W Mark Barbour
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
| | - Peter Mrozinski
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
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23
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Feldsine PT, Kerr DE, Leung SC, Lienau AH, Miller SM, Mui LA, Anderson G, Beasley M, Dillon J, Dombroski P, Forgey R, Hernandez C, Hopkins S, Johnson K, Meier J, Nguyen T, Ortega R, Reynolds J, Smith J, Solis D, Summers C, Terry J, Tuncan E, Vrana D, Warren W, Wood S. Assurance® Enzyme Immunoassay Eight Hour Method for Detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Raw and Cooked Beef (Modification of AOAC Official Method 996.10): Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/85.5.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
AOAC Official Method 996.10, Assurance® Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) for Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC), was modified to incorporate a new enrichment protocol using BioControl EHEC8™ medium for testing raw and cooked beef. Foods were tested by EIA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA/FSIS) enrichment conditions and the FDA Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) isolation and confirmation techniques. A total of 14 collaborators participated. Raw and cooked ground beef were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 2 different levels: a high level where predominantly positive results were expected, and a low level where fractional recovery was anticipated. Collaborators tested 378 test portions and controls by both the 8 h EIA and the USDA/FSIS enrichment methods, for a total of 756 test portions. Of the 378 paired test portions, 75 were positive and 212 were negative by both methods. Thirteen test portions were presumptively positive by EIA and could not be confirmed culturally; 30 were negative by EIA, but confirmed positive by culture; and 65 were negative by the culture method, but confirmed positive by the EIA method. There was no statistical difference between results obtained with the Assurance EIA for EHEC 8 h method and the culture method for raw ground beef. The Assurance EIA had a significantly higher recovery for cooked beef.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David E Kerr
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | - Andrew H Lienau
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
| | | | - Linda A Mui
- BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 SE 32nd St, Bellevue, WA 98005
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24
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Hughes D, Dailianis A, Duncan L, Briggs J, McKintyre DA, Silbernagel K, Anderson G, Anderson J, Bannach B, Barratt C, Booyens C, Briggs J, Brooks R, Bryant D, Burnie A, Carver C, Chambers D, Chong J, Clarke D, Coates E, Comontofski G, Deiss K, Destro C, Dillon J, Duncan L, Dundas M, Dymond N, Dziedziczak D, Eglezos S, Gasanov U, Gebler J, Graham T, Haley E, Johnson L, Kurien S, Maczuga J, Matera J, Matthew K, Munyard S, Ramine A, Reed J, Remes A, Subasinghe N, Tan A, Tan J, Tatum M, Taylor M, Torrance H, Twohy C, Vialpando M, Watts K. Modification of Enrichment Protocols for TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay Method 995.22: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.2.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to validate new enrichment methods for the TECRA Listeria Visual Immunoassay (TLVIA). These new methods incorporate a newly formulated medium, TECRA Listeria Enrichment Broth, which does not contain the highly toxic antifungal agent, cycloheximide. The new procedures will provide an alternative to the enrichment procedures described in AOAC Method 995.22. Three food types (raw ground beef, lettuce, and ice cream) were analyzed in the United States, and 2 food types (cooked turkey and cooked fish fillets) were analyzed in Australasia. Thirty collaborators participated in the study, 16 in Australasia and 14 in the United States. With the exception of one batch of ground beef, comparison of the proportion of positive test portions (p ≥ 0.05) showed no significant difference between the TLVIA and the reference method for the 5 foods at 3 inoculation levels. For the one batch of naturally contaminated raw ground beef, the TLVIA gave significantly more confirmed positive results than the reference method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Hughes
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Angela Dailianis
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Louise Duncan
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | - Julie Briggs
- TECRA International, 13 Rodborough Rd, French’s Forest, NSW 2086, Australia
| | | | - Karen Silbernagel
- rtech laboratories, Lexington Ave, N. Arden Hills, Minneapolis, MN 55126
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25
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Silbernagel KM, Jechorek RP, Carver CN, Horter BL, Lindberg KG, Aleo V, Anderson G, Bannach B, Bulthaus M, Cha K, Dixon K, Hemming B, Horter B, Iannucci; M, Johnson A, Johnson K, Kaufer A, Kemp S, King J, Kupski B, Kusch S, Luebbert B, Lyke H, Makepeace; C, Otten N, Schomogy T, Strand S, Xiong C. 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count Plate Method for the Enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in Selected Dairy Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.5.963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The 3M™ Petrifilm™ Staph Express Count plate method was compared with AOAC Official Method 975.55 for the enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus in selected foods. Five foods—ice cream, raw milk, yogurt, whey powder, and cheese—were analyzed for S. aureus by 12 collaborating laboratories. For each food tested, the collaborators received 8 blind test samples consisting of a control sample, a low inoculation level, a medium inoculation level, and a medium inoculation level with background flora, each in duplicate. The mean log10 counts for the methods were comparable for all 5 foods. The repeatability and reproducibility variances of the 24 h Petrifilm Staph Express Count plate method were similar to those of the 72 h standard method.
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26
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Bird CB, Hoerner RJ, Restaino L, Anderson G, Birbari W, Bodra L, Brookman D, Bryant D, Campbell C, Degraft-Hanson J, Fetviet D, Forde R, Goins D, Hajkowski S, Haley E, Holland R, Jones J, Joseph JM, Kallewaard N, Keckeissen J, Kirkbride T, Kusch S, Noel D, Nutsch A, Okolo C, Parks K, Raines D, Remes A, Roach V, Robbins R, Rodrick G, Shelef L, Theissen H, Vasavada PC, Wang T. Comparison of the Reveal 20-Hour Method and the BAM Culture Method for the Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Selected Foods and Environmental Swabs: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/84.3.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Four different food types along with environmental swabs were analyzed by the Reveal for E. coli O157:H7 test (Reveal) and the Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) culture method for the presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Twenty-seven laboratories representing academia and private industry in the United States and Canada participated. Sample types were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 2 different levels. Of the 1095 samples and controls analyzed and confirmed, 459 were positive and 557 were negative by both methods. No statistical differences (p <0.05) were observed between the Reveal and BAM methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lawrence Restaino
- R&F Laboratories, 245 W. Roosevelt Rd, Bldg 3, Unit 17, West Chicago, IL 60185
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27
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Bird CB, Hoerner RJ, Restaino L, Anderson G, Birbari W, Bodra L, Brookman D, Bryant D, Campbell C, Degraft-Hanson J, Fetviet D, Forde R, Goins D, Hajkowski S, Haley E, Holland R, Jones J, Joseph JM, Kallewaard N, Keckeissen J, Kirkbride T, Kusch S, Noel D, Nutsch A, Okolo C, Parks K, Raines D, Remes A, Roach V, Robbins R, Rodrick G, Shelef L, Theissen H, Vasavada PC, Wang T. Reveal 8-Hour Test System for Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Raw Ground Beef, Raw Beef Cubes, and Iceberg Lettuce Rinse: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/84.3.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Five different food types were analyzed by the Reveal for E. coli O157:H7 8-Hour Test System (Reveal 8) and either the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) culture method or the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS) culture method for the presence of E. coli O157:H7. A total of 27 laboratories representing academia and private industry in the United States and Canada participated. Food types were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 at 2 different levels: a high level where predominantly positive results were expected, and a low level where fractional recovery was anticipated. During this study, 1110 samples and controls were analyzed by both the Reveal 8 and by BAM or FSIS by each of the collaborators (2220 samples in total). For each set of samples, 740 were artificially inoculated with E. coli O157:H7, and 370 were uninoculated controls. The Reveal 8 detected 528 presumptive positives of which 487 were confirmed positive by the BAM culture method. In comparison, BAM and FSIS detected 489 of the 740 artificially contaminated samples as positive. In an additional in-house study performed only on chilled and frozen raw ground beef, 240 artificially inoculated samples were analyzed by both the Reveal 8 and by FSIS. The Reveal 8 detected and confirmed 104 samples as positive compared to 79 confirmed positive by FSIS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lawrence Restaino
- R&F Laboratories, 245 W. Roosevelt Rd, Bldg 3, Unit 17, West Chicago, IL 60185
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28
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Mele A, Nardi A, Prencipe GP, Migliara G, Massimi A, Rega ML, Anderson G, Casasanta D, De Vito C, Damiani G. Can nurses improve self-management among pediatric patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Few studies report educational interventions for pediatric patients with asthma or diabetes type 1 as a fundamental instrument to engage them and improve their health. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize evidence about behavioral changes in life style, disease management and clinical outcome in pediatric patients after a structured educational intervention delivered by nurses.
Methods
A systematic review of the literature was carried out in MEDLINE, Scopus and CINHAL including only RCTs. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed using Cochrane tool. Meta-analyses on HbA1c reduction for diabetes and hospitalization, emergency department (ED) visits and medication for asthma were carried-out.
Results
Of the 3559 papers initially retrieved, 5 regarding diabetes and 19 asthma met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review and 14 for the meta-analyses. Included studies were highly heterogeneous in terms of type of intervention and follow-up duration. Almost all the studies showed an improvement but only few were statistically significant. All studies regarding diabetes showed a low risk of bias (only one RCTs had a high risk of bias in one domain), while almost all RCTs on asthma showed a high risk of bias. The pooled mean differences in favor of the experimental groups were: HBA1c -0.02 (IC95%: -0.26 - 0.22), Hospitalization 0.58 (IC95%: 0.19 - 1.78), Medication -0.10 (IC95%: -0.43 - 0.23), ED Visits 0.82 (IC95%: 0.44 - 1.54).
Conclusions
There is a general agreement about the central role of educational intervention delivered by nurses to pediatric patients and the assessment of the behavioral changes after educational interventions is strongly recommended in pediatric population. However, more efforts are requested in designing studies on patients with asthma and to program more appropriate follow-up and periodic recall in order to engage pediatric patients in the management of their own chronic disease.
Key messages
educational intervention delivered by nurses to pediatric patients with asthma or diabetes type 1 as a fundamental instrument to engage them. more efforts are requested in designing studies on patients with asthma and to program more appropriate follow-up and periodic recall in order to engage pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mele
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Nardi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G P Prencipe
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Migliara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Massimi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M L Rega
- School of Nursing Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - G Anderson
- School of Nursing Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - D Casasanta
- School of Nursing Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - C De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Damiani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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29
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Porter E, Lu N, Li Y, Yuan F, Lohman M, Noll L, Zheng W, Stoy C, Lang Y, Huber VC, Ma W, Peddireddi L, Fang Y, Shi J, Anderson G, Liu X, Bai J. Development of a multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection and differentiation of influenza A, B, C, and D viruses. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 95:59-66. [PMID: 31130238 PMCID: PMC6697560 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Influenza is a common and contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza A, B, C, and D viruses (IAV, IBV, ICV, and IDV). A multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay was developed for simultaneous detection of IAV, IBV, ICV, and IDV. The assay was designed to target unique sequences in the matrix gene of IBV and ICV, the RNA polymerase subunit PB1 of IDV, and combined with USDA and CDC IAV assays, both target the matrix gene. The host 18S rRNA gene was included as an internal control. In silico analyses indicated high strain coverages: 97.9% for IBV, 99.5% for ICV, and 100% for IDV. Transcribed RNA, viral isolates and clinical samples were used for validation. The assay specifically detected target viruses without cross-reactivity, nor detection of other common pathogens. The limit of detection was approximately 30 copies for each viral RNA template, which was equivalent to a threshold cycle value of ~37.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewei Zhang
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; College of Food and Drugs, Luoyang Polytechnic, Luo Yang, Henan, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Elizabeth Porter
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Nanyan Lu
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Yanhua Li
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Fangfeng Yuan
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Molly Lohman
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Lance Noll
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Wanglong Zheng
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Colin Stoy
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Yuekun Lang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Victor C Huber
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Lalitha Peddireddi
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Jishu Shi
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Gary Anderson
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Xuming Liu
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
| | - Jianfa Bai
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA; Department of Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
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30
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Chakoumakos BC, Pracheil BM, Wood RS, Loeppky A, Anderson G, Koenigs R, Bruch R. Texture Analysis of Polycrystalline Vaterite Spherulites from Lake Sturgeon Otoliths. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7151. [PMID: 31073207 PMCID: PMC6509271 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish otoliths, or ear bones, are comprised of the CaCO3 polymorphs (aragonite, calcite and vaterite), which can occur either alone or in combination. The polymorph phase abundance in an otolith depends on, as yet, unexplained genetic and environmental factors. Most fish otoliths are comprised of the densest CaCO3 polymorph, aragonite. Sturgeon otoliths, on the other hand, contain significant amounts of the rare and the structurally enigmatic polymorph, vaterite. Sturgeon otoliths are frequently comprised of agglomerations of small microcrystalline vaterite spherulites (<300 μm in diameter), that range in shape from nearly perfect spheres to oblate spheroids. These spherulites are similar to the synthetic vaterite microspheres employed in laser trapping applications. Vaterite spherulites from both hatchery-reared (juvenile) and wild (adult) Lake Sturgeon exhibit extreme crystallographic texture as evidenced by X-ray diffraction patterns and their reconstructed pole-figures determined here. The vaterite crystallites making up the spherulites have excellent registry in both the axial and equatorial directions. Whether synthesized or natural, the texture manifested in these spherulites suggests that vaterite nucleates and grows similarly in vivo otolith formation as well as from laboratory synthesis. The uniaxial optical character of the vaterite spherulites, confirmed by these diffraction experiments and combined with their large birefringence, makes them well suited for laser trapping applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan C Chakoumakos
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| | - Brenda M Pracheil
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - R Seth Wood
- Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Alison Loeppky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Gary Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ryan Koenigs
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Oshkosh, WI, 54901, USA
| | - Ronald Bruch
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Oshkosh, WI, 54901, USA
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31
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Wang Y, Feng Y, Zheng W, Noll L, Porter E, Potter M, Cino G, Peddireddi L, Liu X, Anderson G, Bai J. A multiplex real-time PCR assay for the detection and differentiation of the newly emerged porcine circovirus type 3 and continuously evolving type 2 strains in the United States. J Virol Methods 2019; 269:7-12. [PMID: 30904590 PMCID: PMC7113677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A multiplex real-time PCR assay was developed for PCV2 and PCV3 detection and differentiation. Sensitivity was determined by standard curves with viral isolates and positive diagnostic samples. Specificity was determined by testing common swine viruses. The assay was validated on 336 swine diagnostic samples. Limited data indicated that PCV3 has higher prevalence than PCV2 in the US.
A multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (mqPCR) assay was developed and validated for the detection and differentiation of porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) and type 2 (PCV2) strains. The assay coverage was 97.9% (184/188) for PCV3 and 99.1% (1889/1907) for PCV2 sequences that were available from the current GenBank database. The PCR amplification efficiencies were 98–99% for plasmids, and 92–96% for diagnostic samples, with correlation coefficients all greater than 0.99. The limit of detection (LOD) determined as plasmid copies per reaction was 17 for PCV3 and 14 for PCV2. The assay specifically detected the targeted viruses without cross reacting to each other or to other common porcine viruses. Among 336 swine clinical samples collected in 2018, 101 (30.1%) were PCV3 positive, 56 (16.7%) were PCV2 positive and 18 (5.4%) were co-positives. Sixty selected PCV3 positives were confirmed by Sanger sequencing, and 53 of the 56 PCV2 positive samples were tested positive by another validated PCR assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wang
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Yuan Feng
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Wanglong Zheng
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Lance Noll
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Elizabeth Porter
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Megan Potter
- Abilene Animal Hospital, Abilene, KS 67410, United States
| | - Giselle Cino
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Lalitha Peddireddi
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Xuming Liu
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Gary Anderson
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Jianfa Bai
- Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
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32
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Nace D, Nace D, Perera S, Schweon S, Drinka P, Crnich C, Anderson G, Saracco S, Mulligan M, Hanlon J. Impact of a Multifaceted Strategy to Reduce Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescribing for Uncomplicated Cystitis in Nursing Home Residents as Assessed Using the Medication Appropriateness Index. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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33
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Sammons S, Yip C, Anderson G, Force J, Marcom K, Westbrook K, Anders CK, Blackwell K, Wood K. Abstract P1-06-04: Small-molecule screening nominates diverse combination therapies that sensitize BRCA mutant and wild-type triple negative breast cancer to PARP inhibition. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-06-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a heterogeneous clinical phenotype with few, known therapeutic targets. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are the first approved, targeted therapy in TNBC, limited to germline BRCA mutant (BRCAm) cancers that lack homologous recombination repair capacity. Even in this context, resistance quickly emerges via secondary mutations that restore DNA repair ability. While DNA damage repair is an intriguing target in BRCA wild type (BRCAwt) TNBC due to inherent, genomic instability, PARPi alone have been ineffective in unselected populations. Systematic approaches to define novel drugs that sensitize BRCAwt and BRCAm TNBC to PARPi would greatly improve therapeutic efficacy and durability.
Methods: BRCAwt (HCC1806) and BRCAm (SUM149PT) cell lines were screened in duplicate using a 2,100-compound small molecule library. Cell lines were plated in media containing DMSO or sub-lethal doses of the PARPi, olaparib, onto Selleck Bioactive drug plates. Cell viability was assessed after 72 hours, then normalized to vehicle control. Hit cut-offs were predefined as log2 drug/DMSO of ≤ -0.7 with a viability difference greater than 20% -where stringent scoring thresholds were chosen to exceed the full range of scores observed in 816 empty control wells. Hits were sorted by target and pathway to provide mechanistic insight into the synergy of combinations. Drug combinations with the highest potential for near term translation were validated using GI50 viability assays in 9 BRCAwt and BRCAm TNBC cell lines. The most promising combination was further validated via immunoblotting, colony formation, and apoptosis assays.
Results: Several drug classes affecting well-known oncogenic signaling pathways conferred sensitivity to PARPi, with more hits in the BRCAm cell line. Relevant druggable targets sensitizing cells to olaparib in BRCAm TNBC that met the predefined cut-point were inhibitors of PI3K (pan-PI3K, PI3Kα and PI3Kβ specific), VEGFR, MEK, EGFR, NF-kB, aurora kinase and several DNA damaging agents. Aurora kinase, EGFR, and NF-kB inhibition sensitized cells to olaparib, yet upon further validation, synergy was mild. The screen identified ATM inhibitors, KU-55933 and KU-60019, as sensitizers of BRCAm cells to olaparib. The potent ATM inhibitor, AZD0156, and olaparib were a highly synergistic combination validated in all 9 BRCAm and BRCAwt TNBC cell lines via cell viability, annexin V, and colony formation assays. Immunoblotting of relevant DNA damage repair proteins showed that olaparib caused upregulation of p-ATM in BRCAm and BRCAwt cells. p-ATM expression decreased in response to combination ATM and PARP inhibition. Attenuated levels of p-ATM resulted in increased levels of p- and T-γH2AX, indicating an accumulation of double stranded DNA breaks.
Conclusion: In vitro, inhibition of several relevant, oncogenic pathways yielded sensitivity to PARPi in TNBC. We identified the ATM inhibitor, AZD0156, and olaparib as a potent combination regardless of BRCA status, a finding currently being evaluated in patient-derived in vivo models. Combination ATM plus PARP inhibitor therapy is a promising and feasible approach for near term translation in metastatic TNBC.
Citation Format: Sammons S, Yip C, Anderson G, Force J, Marcom K, Westbrook K, Anders CK, Blackwell K, Wood K. Small-molecule screening nominates diverse combination therapies that sensitize BRCA mutant and wild-type triple negative breast cancer to PARP inhibition [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-06-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sammons
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - C Yip
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - G Anderson
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - J Force
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - K Marcom
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - K Westbrook
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - CK Anders
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - K Blackwell
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - K Wood
- Duke University Hospital/ Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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McQuown S, Xia S, Baumgärtel K, Barido R, Anderson G, Dyck B, Scott R, Peters M. Phosphodiesterase 1b (PDE1B) Regulates Spatial and Contextual Memory in Hippocampus. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:21. [PMID: 30792627 PMCID: PMC6374598 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Augmentation of cyclic nucleotide signaling through inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity has long been understood to enhance memory. Efforts in this domain have focused predominantly on PDE4, a cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase implicated in consolidation. But less is known about the function of other PDEs expressed in neuroanatomical regions critical to memory. The PDE1 isoforms are the only PDEs to regulate neuronal cAMP and cGMP levels in a Ca2+/Calmodulin (CaM) dependent manner. Here, we show that knock-down of PDE1B in hippocampus of adult mice enhances contextual and spatial memory without effect on non-cognitive behaviors. Pharmacological augmentation of memory in rats was observed with a selective inhibitor of PDE1 dosed before and immediately after training, but not with drug dosed either 1 h after training or before recall. Our data clearly demonstrate a role for the PDE1B isoforms as negative regulators of memory, and they implicate PDE1 in an early phase of consolidation, but not retrieval. Inhibition of PDE1B is a promising therapeutic mechanism for treating memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan McQuown
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Shouzhen Xia
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Gary Anderson
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Brian Dyck
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
| | | | - Marco Peters
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, San Diego, CA, United States
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Reddel HK, Gerhardsson de Verdier M, Agustí A, Anderson G, Beasley R, Bel EH, Janson C, Make B, Martin RJ, Pavord I, Price D, Keen C, Gardev A, Rennard S, Sveréus A, Bansal AT, Brannman L, Karlsson N, Nuevo J, Nyberg F, Young SS, Vestbo J. Prospective observational study in patients with obstructive lung disease: NOVELTY design. ERJ Open Res 2019; 5:00036-2018. [PMID: 30723727 PMCID: PMC6355976 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00036-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have overlapping clinical features and share pathobiological mechanisms but are often considered distinct disorders. Prospective, observational studies across asthma, COPD and asthma–COPD overlap are limited. NOVELTY is a global, prospective observational 3-year study enrolling ∼12 000 patients ≥12 years of age from primary and specialist clinical practices in 19 countries (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02760329). NOVELTY's primary objectives are to describe patient characteristics, treatment patterns and disease burden over time, and to identify phenotypes and molecular endotypes associated with differential outcomes over time in patients with a diagnosis/suspected diagnosis of asthma and/or COPD. NOVELTY aims to recruit real-world patients, unlike clinical studies with restrictive inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data collected at yearly intervals include clinical assessments, spirometry, biospecimens, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and healthcare utilisation (HCU). PROs and HCU will also be collected 3-monthly via internet/telephone. Data will be used to identify phenotypes and endotypes associated with different trajectories for symptom burden, clinical progression or remission and HCU. Results may allow patient classification across obstructive lung disease by clinical outcomes and biomarker profile, rather than by conventional diagnostic labels and severity categories. NOVELTY will provide a rich data source on obstructive lung disease, to help improve patient outcomes and aid novel drug development. NOVELTY is a global study to characterise patients with asthma and/or COPD and identify novel phenotypes and endotypeshttp://ow.ly/QFiH30n3IBF
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen K Reddel
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Alvar Agustí
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gary Anderson
- Lung Health Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Beasley
- Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Elisabeth H Bel
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christer Janson
- Dept of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Barry Make
- National Jewish Health and University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Richard J Martin
- National Jewish Health and University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Ian Pavord
- Nuffield Dept of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Price
- Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute, Singapore and Centre of Academic Primary Care, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Christina Keen
- Early Clinical Development IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Stephen Rennard
- Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alecka Sveréus
- Respiratory TA, Global Medical Affairs, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | | | - Niklas Karlsson
- Patient Reported Outcomes, Medical Evidence and Observational Research, Global Medical Affairs, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Javier Nuevo
- Respiratory TA, Global Medical Affairs, AstraZeneca, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fredrik Nyberg
- Medical Evidence and Observational Research, Global Medical Affairs, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Simon S Young
- Precision Medicine and Genomics, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jørgen Vestbo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Djukanovic R, Adcock IM, Anderson G, Bel EH, Canonica GW, Cao H, Chung KF, Davies DE, Genton C, Gibson-Latimer T, Hamerlijnck D, Heuvelin E, Louis R, Korn S, Kots M, Kwon N, Naddaf R, Wagers SS. The Severe Heterogeneous Asthma Research collaboration, Patient-centred (SHARP) ERS Clinical Research Collaboration: a new dawn in asthma research. Eur Respir J 2018; 52:52/5/1801671. [PMID: 30498052 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01671-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ratko Djukanovic
- NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, London, UK
| | - Gary Anderson
- Health Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elisabeth H Bel
- Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgio W Canonica
- Personalized Medicine Clinic, Asthma and Allergy, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy and SANI-Severe Asthma Network Italy
| | - Hui Cao
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airway Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Donna E Davies
- Institute for Health Research Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit and Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | | | - Dominique Hamerlijnck
- European Lung Foundation, Sheffield, UK.,Dutch Lung Foundation, Amersfoort, The Netherlands.,EUPATI, Brussels, Belgium.,Atini, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Renaud Louis
- Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Maxim Kots
- Chiesi Farmaceutici, Global Clinical Development, Parma, Italy
| | - Namhee Kwon
- Respiratory Medical Franchise, GSK, Brentford, UK
| | - Riad Naddaf
- TEVA Pharmaceuticals, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Prencipe GP, Mele A, Migliara G, Nardi A, Rega ML, Tomassini F, Casasanta D, Anderson G, Dussi G, Villari P, De Vito C, Damiani G. Behavioral change in chronic patients educated by nurses in community setting. A systematic review. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky212.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- GP Prencipe
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Mele
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Migliara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Nardi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - ML Rega
- Institue of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - F Tomassini
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - D Casasanta
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - G Anderson
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - G Dussi
- School of Nursing, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - P Villari
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G Damiani
- Institue of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Chakoumakos B, Pracheil B, Wood RS, Loeppky A, Anderson G, Koenigs R, Bruch R. Texture analysis of polycrystalline vaterite spherulites. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876731809832x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Pierangeli SS, Liu XW, Barker JH, Anderson G, Harris EN. Induction of Thrombosis in a Mouse Model by IgG, IgM and IgA Immunoglobulins from Patients with the Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1649940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryAntiphospholipid syndrome is a disorder of recurrent thrombosis and pregnancy losses associated with production of anticardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulant positivity. Recently, we have adapted a mouse model of induced venous thrombosis to study the role of autoantibodies in thrombus formation. To determine whether immunoglobulins from patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome play a role in thrombosis, we injected groups of CDI mice either with immunoglobulins purified from seven patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (nine preparations studied: four IgG, three IgM and two IgA) or with immunoglobulins of the same isotype from healthy controls. Seventy- two h after injection, a non-occlusive thrombus was induced in the femoral veins of experimental mice by a pinch injury; the thrombus areas as well as times of formation and disappearance of the thrombi were measured. Eight of the nine antiphospholipid syndrome immunoglobulin preparations caused a significant increase in mean thrombus area and a significant delay in mean thrombus disappearance time as compared with normal controls. To determine whether anticardiolipin antibodies might be involved, separate groups of mice were injected with affinity-purified IgG (n = 2) or IgM (n = 2) anticardiolipin antibodies or with normal immunoglobulins of the same isotype, and the effects on thrombus formation compared. Mean thrombus area and mean disappearance times were again significantly increased in all four groups injected with affinity-purified antibodies. This is the first study to show that anticardiolipin antibodies of IgG, IgM and IgA isotypes may play a role in thrombosis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiao Wei Liu
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Louisville, KV, USA
| | | | | | - E Nigel Harris
- The Division of Rheumatology,Department of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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Pierangeli SS, Barker JH, Stikovac D, Ackerman D, Anderson G, Barquinero J, Acland R, Nigel Harris E. Effect of Human IgG Antiphospholipid Antibodies on an In Vivo Thrombosis Model in Mice. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1642501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryHigh levels of IgG antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have been associated with clinical thrombosis. It is uncertain however whether these antibodies play a direct role in thrombosis or are merely epiphenomena. To investigate whether antiphospholipid antibodies might play a role in thrombosis, we utilized a novel mouse model in which the dynamics of in vivo thrombosis can be studied. CD1 mice (26-30 g) were passively immunized with 25 mg of human IgG from a patient with the Antiphospholipid Syndrome (IgG-APS) (n = 17), IgG from normal pooled sera (TgG-NHS) (n = 9). or saline solution (n = 17), followed by 40 mg of the same preparations at 48 h. At 72 h, levels of human aPL antibodies, detected using the anticardiolipin ELISA test (aCL ELISA test), in mice immunized with IgG-APS, were 50-100 GPL units. Each animal was anesthetized, femoral vein minimally mobilized and subjected to a standardized “pinch” injury to induce thrombosis. The vessel was transilluminated using acrylic optical fibers connected to a light source, and clot formation and dissolution were visualized by a standard surgical microscope equipped with a video camera, video recorder, and computer assisted analysis system. Results showed that average clot size was significantly larger in mice immunized with IgG-APS compared to those treated with saline (p <0.037). In addition, the thrombus persisted longer in a significantly higher number of mice immunized with IgG-APS (10/17) compared to mice immunized with IgG-NHS (1/9) or saline (2/12) (p <0.02). These data suggest that IgG-APS may play a role in thrombus formation in humans. In addition, this study shows the feasibility of using this in vivo murine thrombus model for study of the effects of aPL antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia S Pierangeli
- The Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - John H Barker
- The Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Dejzi Stikovac
- The Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Douglas Ackerman
- The Department of Pathology, Alliant Health System, Norton and Kosair’s Children Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Gary Anderson
- The Department of Physiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jordi Barquinero
- The Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Robert Acland
- The Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - E Nigel Harris
- The Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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Johnson T, Eketone K, McNaughton L, Tiplady K, Voogt J, Sherlock R, Anderson G, Keehan M, Davis S, Spelman R, Chin D, Couldrey C. Mating strategies to maximize genetic merit in dairy cattle herds. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:4650-4659. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Anderson G, Llerena C, Davidson D, Taylor TR. Practical Application of Computer-Assisted Decision-Making in an Antenatal Clinic — A Feasibility Study. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1635747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A feasibility study is described involving the use of a computer program in an antenatal clinic whose decisions were based on the observed policies of the group of obstetricians running that clinic. In 200 test cases the programme successfully detected all »at risk« cases at the first visit. Abnormalities appearing at later visits were all detected and appropriate investigations ordered by the programme. The programme ordered rather more investigations than the obstetrician and this difference has been investigated, in some detail with reference to the full blood count, glucose tolerance test and the ultrasonogram.Since all of the basic data in the proposed clinic would be collected by the clerical staff or midwives, a comparison was made between two midwives and an obstetrician in estimating fundal height. The small number of discrepancies found was not regarded as serious from the viewpoint of the proposed clinic.This preliminary study suggests that the technique described might play a useful part in some areas of ante-natal care by relieving the obstetricians of much of the workload associated with routine cases and enabling the midwife to play a larger role in ante-natal care.
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Crew KD, Anderson G, Hershman DL, Terry MB, Tehranifar P, Lew DL, Yee M, Brown EA, Kairouz SS, Minasian LM, Ford L, Neuhouser ML, Arun BK, Brown PH. Abstract P5-15-02: Withdrawn. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p5-15-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- KD Crew
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - G Anderson
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - DL Hershman
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - MB Terry
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - P Tehranifar
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - DL Lew
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M Yee
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - EA Brown
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - SS Kairouz
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - LM Minasian
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - L Ford
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - ML Neuhouser
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - BK Arun
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - PH Brown
- Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA; SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Seattle, WA; Beaumont NCORP, William Beaumont Hospital, Troy, MI; Heartland NCORP, Cancer Care Specialists of Central Illinois, Decatur, IL; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Heard RW, StĘpieŃ A, Drumm DT, BŁaŻewicz M, Anderson G. Systematic and taxonomic observations on the subfamily Synapseudinae Guţu, 1972 and related metapseudid taxa (Crustacea: Tanaidacea: Apseudomorpha), with the erection of a new genus and descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa 2018; 4370:301-344. [PMID: 29689832 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4370.4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The tanaidacean metapseudid subfamily Synapseudinae Guţu is reviewed, partially revised and the type species, Synapseudes minutus Miller, redescribed. As rediagnosed and defined here, the Synapseudinae is restricted to the genera Synapseudes Miller, Vicinisyndes Guţu, and Creefs Stępień Błażewicz-Paszkowycz. The genera Curtipleon Băcescu and Cryptapseudes Băcescu are excluded from this subfamily. Three new species, S. caleyi, S. singularis, and S. hansknechti are described, bringing the number of putative species within the genus to 26. An identification key and table of selected specific characters for the species of Synapseudes are provided. A new monotypic genus, Ronabus, which is placed within the subfamily Metapseudinae Lang, is erected to receive Synapseudes idios Gardiner. The present taxonomic status of subfamilies within the Metapseudidae is briefly assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Heard
- Department of Coastal Sciences, Gulf Coast Research Campus, University of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, Mississippi 39564, USA..
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Iwata D, Broun H, Black A, Preston C, Anderson G. Total hip arthroplasty outcomes assessment using functional and radiographic scores to compare canine systems. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1617365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryA retrospective multi-centre study was carried out in order to compare outcomes between cemented and uncemented total hip arthoplasties (THA). A quantitative orthopaedic outcome assessment scoring system was devised in order to relate functional outcome to a numerical score, to allow comparison between treatments and amongst centres. The system combined a radiographic score and a clinical score. Lower scores reflect better outcomes than higher scores. Consecutive cases of THA were included from two specialist practices between July 2002 and December 2005. The study included 46 THA patients (22 uncemented THA followed for 8.3 ± 4.7M and 24 cemented THA for 26.0 ± 15.7M) with a mean age of 4.4 ± 3.3 years at surgery. Multi-variable linear and logistical regression analyses were performed with adjustments for age at surgery, surgeon, follow-up time, uni- versus bilateral disease, gender and body weight. The differences between treatment groups in terms of functional scores or total scores were not significant (p > 0.05). Radiographic scores were different between treatment groups. However, these scores were usually assessed within two months of surgery and proved unreliable predictors of functional outcome (p > 0.05). The findings reflect relatively short-term follow-up, especially for the uncemented group, and do not include clinicianderived measures, such as goniometry and thigh circumference. Longer-term follow-up for the radiographic assessments is essential. A prospective study including the clinician-derived outcomes needs to be performed in order to validate the outcome instrument in its modified form.
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Kaplan AP, Keenan T, Scott R, Zhou X, Bourchouladze R, McRiner AJ, Wilson ME, Romashko D, Miller R, Bletsch M, Anderson G, Stanley J, Zhang A, Lee D, Nikpur J. Identification of 5-(1-Methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)thiophene-2-Carboxamides as Novel and Selective Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors Used to Improve Memory and Cognition. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:2746-2758. [PMID: 28857544 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Initial work in Drosophila and mice demonstrated that the transcription factor cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) is a master control gene for memory formation. The relationship between CREB and memory has also been found to be true in other species, including aplysia and rats. It is thus well-established that CREB activation plays a central role in memory enhancement and that CREB is activated during memory formation. On the basis of these findings, a phenotypic high-throughput screening campaign utilizing a CRE-luciferase (CRE-Luci) SK-N-MC cell line was performed to identify compounds that enhance transcriptional activation of the CRE promoter with a suboptimal dose of forskolin. A number of small-molecule hits of unknown mechanisms of action were identified in the screening campaign, including HT-0411. Follow-up studies suggested that the CREB activation by HT-0411 is attributed to its specific and selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). Further, HT-0411 was shown to improve 24 h memory in rodents in a contextual fear conditioning model. This report describes the lead optimization of a series of 5-(1-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl) thiophene-2-carboxamides that were identified as novel, potent, and selective inhibitors of MAO-B. Extensive SAR studies and in vivo behavioral evaluations of this and other related analogue series identified a number of potential clinical development candidates; ultimately, compound 8f was identified as a candidate molecule with high selectivity toward MAO-B (29-56 nM) over MAO-A (19% inhibition at a screening concentration of 50 μM), an excellent profile against a panel of other enzymes and receptors, good pharmacokinetic properties in rodents and dogs, and efficacy in multiple rodent memory models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan P. Kaplan
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - Terence Keenan
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - Roderick Scott
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - Xianbo Zhou
- SJN Biomed LTD, 398 West
Second Ring Road, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Rusiko Bourchouladze
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - Andrew J. McRiner
- X-Chem Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 100 Beaver Street, Suite 101, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Mark E. Wilson
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - Darlene Romashko
- Aset Therapeutics, 25 Health
Sciences Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11790, United States
| | - Regina Miller
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States
| | - Matthew Bletsch
- The Hain Celestial Group, 1111
Marcus Avenue, New Hyde Park, New York 11042, United States
| | - Gary Anderson
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - Jennifer Stanley
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - Adia Zhang
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - Dong Lee
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
| | - John Nikpur
- Dart NeuroScience, LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Drive, San Diego, California 92131, United States
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Golledge J, Moxon J, Pinchbeck J, Anderson G, Rowbotham S, Jenkins J. Association Between Metformin Prescription and Growth Rates of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. J Vasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abdel-Qadir H, Austin P, Thavendiranathan P, Fang J, Fung K, Amir E, Lee D, Tu J, Anderson G. A RISK SCORE FOR PREDICTING CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AFTER EARLY STAGE BREAST CANCER. Can J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Golledge J, Moxon J, Pinchbeck J, Anderson G, Rowbotham S, Jenkins J, Bourke M, Bourke B, Dear A, Buckenham T, Jones R, Norman PE. Association between metformin prescription and growth rates of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Br J Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
It has been suggested that diabetes medications, such as metformin, may have effects that inhibit abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) growth. The aim of this study was to examine the association of diabetes treatments with AAA growth in three patient cohorts.
Methods
AAA growth was studied using ultrasound surveillance in cohort 1, repeated CT in cohort 2 and more detailed repeat CT in cohort 3. Growth was estimated by the mean annual increase in maximum AAA diameter.
Results
A total of 1697 patients with an AAA were studied, of whom 118, 39 and 16 patients were prescribed metformin for the treatment of diabetes in cohorts 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Prescription of metformin was associated with a reduced likelihood of median or greater AAA growth in all three cohorts (cohort 1: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0·59, 95 per cent c.i. 0·39 to 0·87, P = 0·008; cohort 2: adjusted OR 0·38, 0·18 to 0·80, P = 0·011; cohort 3: adjusted OR 0·13, 0·03 to 0·61, P = 0·010). No other diabetes treatment was significantly associated with AAA growth in any cohort.
Conclusion
These findings suggest a potential role for metformin in limiting AAA growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Moxon
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Pinchbeck
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - G Anderson
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - S Rowbotham
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Jenkins
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - M Bourke
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Gosford Vascular Clinic, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia
| | - B Bourke
- Gosford Vascular Clinic, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Dear
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University and Department of Medicine, Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T Buckenham
- Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Otago University, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - R Jones
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - P E Norman
- School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
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Hutchison J, Lang K, Anderson G, MacMahon K. Health professionals' experiences of behavioural family therapy for adults with intellectual disabilities: a thematic analysis. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2017; 24:272-281. [PMID: 28190288 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Behavioural Family Therapy (BFT) has been shown to help people with some severe mental health conditions, such as schizophrenia, by reducing relapse rates and stress within families. It can be difficult to put family interventions, like BFT, into clinical practice. Families where someone has an intellectual disability can experience more stress compared to those who do not, but we know very little about using BFT with families where a member has an intellectual disability. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: We interviewed nine Community Learning Disability Nurses and Allied Health Professionals about their experiences delivering BFT to families where one member has an intellectual disability. We found that therapists' experiences of delivering BFT were broadly positive, although they found some aspects of their service frustrating. EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PAPER'S FINDINGS FOR A NON-SPECIALIST AUDIENCE: The study identifies the perceived benefits of BFT as a model to work with families, where a member has an intellectual disability. The study highlights some of the challenges experienced by practitioners, notably issues with engagement and some issues specific to working with adults with an intellectual disability. The findings suggest that it needs to be clear which families would benefit most from BFT, that interventions need to be adapted for people with intellectual disabilities and that Community Learning Disability Nurses and Allied Health Professionals should have support from management to deliver these interventions. ABSTRACT Introduction Studies have found family interventions (FIs) to be effective in reducing stress and relapse rates for a variety of mental health conditions. However, implementing FIs into clinical practice is challenging. Studies have suggested that levels of stress within some families of people with intellectual disabilities can be high. However, there is little reported about the use and implementation of FIs, such as Behavioural Family Therapy (BFT), in adult intellectual disability services. Purpose of study To explore the experiences of practitioners delivering BFT to adults with intellectual disabilities. Method A qualitative methodology was employed, using semi-structured individual interviews with BFT therapists from a health professional background (n = 9). Data were analysed thematically. Results Two overarching themes were identified: positivity and frustration. Discussion Implementation of therapy was identified as being broadly successful but with some underlying challenges, notably wider organizational issues and some issues specific to working with adults with intellectual disabilities. Implications for practice The broadly positive experiences reported provide encouragement for the delivery of FIs, such as BFT, to adults with intellectual disabilities, by professions outwith psychology. However, there is a need to provide clarity on referral processes, adapt materials accordingly for this client group and ensure that supportive management and supervision is available to therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hutchison
- Psychological Services for Adults with a Learning Disability, NHS Lanarkshire, Bothwell, UK
| | - K Lang
- Psychological Services for Adults with a Learning Disability, NHS Lanarkshire, Bothwell, UK
| | - G Anderson
- Psychological Services for Adults with a Learning Disability, NHS Lanarkshire, Bothwell, UK
| | - K MacMahon
- Senior Lecturer in Clinical Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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