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Hortemo KH, Lunde PK, Anonsen JH, Kvaløy H, Munkvik M, Rehn TA, Sjaastad I, Lunde IG, Aronsen JM, Sejersted OM. Exercise training increases protein O-GlcNAcylation in rat skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/18/e12896. [PMID: 27664189 PMCID: PMC5037911 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein O-GlcNAcylation has emerged as an important intracellular signaling system with both physiological and pathophysiological functions, but the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation in skeletal muscle remains elusive. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that protein O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic signaling system in skeletal muscle in exercise and disease. Immunoblotting showed different protein O-GlcNAcylation pattern in the prototypical slow twitch soleus muscle compared to fast twitch EDL from rats, with greater O-GlcNAcylation level in soleus associated with higher expression of the modulating enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), O-GlcNAcase (OGA), and glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase isoforms 1 and 2 (GFAT1, GFAT2). Six weeks of exercise training by treadmill running, but not an acute exercise bout, increased protein O-GlcNAcylation in rat soleus and EDL There was a striking increase in O-GlcNAcylation of cytoplasmic proteins ~50 kDa in size that judged from mass spectrometry analysis could represent O-GlcNAcylation of one or more key metabolic enzymes. This suggests that cytoplasmic O-GlcNAc signaling is part of the training response. In contrast to exercise training, postinfarction heart failure (HF) in rats and humans did not affect skeletal muscle O-GlcNAcylation level, indicating that aberrant O-GlcNAcylation cannot explain the skeletal muscle dysfunction in HF Human skeletal muscle displayed extensive protein O-GlcNAcylation that by large mirrored the fiber-type-related O-GlcNAcylation pattern in rats, suggesting O-GlcNAcylation as an important signaling system also in human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Halvorsen Hortemo
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Kristian Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Heidi Kvaløy
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Morten Munkvik
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tommy Aune Rehn
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida Gjervold Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Bjørknes College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole M Sejersted
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Kodiha M, Mahboubi H, Maysinger D, Stochaj U. Gold Nanoparticles Impinge on Nucleoli and the Stress Response in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells. Nanobiomedicine (Rij) 2016; 3:3. [PMID: 29942378 PMCID: PMC5998265 DOI: 10.5772/62337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can take up gold nanoparticles of different morphologies. These particles interact with the plasma membrane and often travel to intracellular organelles. Among organelles, the nucleus is especially susceptible to the damage that is inflicted by gold nanoparticles. Located inside the nucleus, nucleoli are specialized compartments that transcribe ribosomal RNA genes, produce ribosomes and function as cellular stress sensors. Nucleoli are particularly prone to gold nanoparticle-induced injury. As such, small spherical gold nanoparticles and gold nanoflowers interfere with the transcription of ribosomal DNA. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the effects of gold nanoparticles on nucleolar proteins that are critical to ribosome biogenesis and other cellular functions. We show that B23/nucleophosmin, a nucleolar protein that is tightly linked to cancer, is significantly affected by gold nanoparticles. Furthermore, gold nanoparticles impinge on the cellular stress response, as they reduce the abundance of the molecular chaperone hsp70 and O-GlcNAc modified proteins in the nucleus and nucleoli. Together, our studies set the stage for the development of nanomedicines that target the nucleolus to eradicate proliferating cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kodiha
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hicham Mahboubi
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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3
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Cieniewski-Bernard C, Montel V, Berthoin S, Bastide B. Increasing O-GlcNAcylation level on organ culture of soleus modulates the calcium activation parameters of muscle fibers. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48218. [PMID: 23110217 PMCID: PMC3480486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
O-N-acetylglucosaminylation is a reversible post-translational modification which presents a dynamic and highly regulated interplay with phosphorylation. New insights suggest that O-GlcNAcylation might be involved in striated muscle physiology, in particular in contractile properties such as the calcium activation parameters. By the inhibition of O-GlcNAcase, we investigated the effect of the increase of soleus O-GlcNAcylation level on the contractile properties by establishing T/pCa relationships. We increased the O-GlcNAcylation level on soleus biopsies performing an organ culture of soleus treated or not with PUGNAc or Thiamet-G, two O-GlcNAcase inhibitors. The enhancement of O-GlcNAcylation pattern was associated with an increase of calcium affinity on slow soleus skinned fibers. Analysis of the glycoproteins pattern showed that this effect is solely due to O-GlcNAcylation of proteins extracted from skinned biopsies. We also characterized the O-GlcNAcylated contractile proteins using a proteomic approach, and identified among others troponin T and I as being O-GlcNAc modified. We quantified the variation of O-GlcNAc level on all these identified proteins, and showed that several regulatory contractile proteins, predominantly fast isoforms, presented a drastic increase in their O-GlcNAc level. Since the only slow isoform of contractile protein presenting an increase of O-GlcNAc level was MLC2, the effect of enhanced O-GlcNAcylation pattern on calcium activation parameters could involve the O-GlcNAcylation of sMLC2, without excluding that an unidentified O-GlcNAc proteins, such as TnC, could be potentially involved in this mechanism. All these data strongly linked O-GlcNAcylation to the modulation of contractile activity of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard
- Université Lille Nord de France, Université de Lille 1, Laboratoire Activité Physique, Muscle et Santé, EA4488, IFR114, IRP2B, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Valerie Montel
- Université Lille Nord de France, Université de Lille 1, Laboratoire Activité Physique, Muscle et Santé, EA4488, IFR114, IRP2B, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Serge Berthoin
- Université Lille Nord de France, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France, 2, Laboratoire Activité Physique, Muscle et Santé, EA4488, IFR114, IRP2B, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Bruno Bastide
- Université Lille Nord de France, Université de Lille 1, Laboratoire Activité Physique, Muscle et Santé, EA4488, IFR114, IRP2B, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- * E-mail:
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Lima VV, Rigsby CS, Hardy DM, Webb RC, Tostes RC. O-GlcNAcylation: a novel post-translational mechanism to alter vascular cellular signaling in health and disease: focus on hypertension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 3:374-87. [PMID: 20409980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Revised: 09/26/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
O-Linked attachment of beta-N-acetyl-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) on serine and threonine residues of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins is a highly dynamic posttranslational modification that plays a key role in signal transduction pathways. Preliminary data show that O-GlcNAcylation may represent a key regulatory mechanism in the vasculature, modulating contractile and relaxant responses. Proteins with an important role in vascular function, such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase, protein kinase C, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and proteins involved in cytoskeleton regulation and microtubule assembly are targets for O-GlcNAcylation, indicating that this posttranslational modification may play an important role in vascular reactivity. Here, we will focus on a few specific pathways that contribute to vascular function and cardiovascular disease-associated vascular dysfunction, and the implications of their modification by O-GlcNAc. New chemical tools have been developed to detect and study O-GlcNAcylation, including inhibitors of O-GlcNAc enzymes, chemoenzymatic tagging methods, and quantitative proteomics strategies; these will also be briefly addressed. An exciting challenge in the future will be to better understand the cellular dynamics of this posttranslational modification, as well as the signaling pathways and mechanisms by which O-GlcNAc is regulated on specific proteins in the vasculature in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V Lima
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Zachara NE. The roles of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine in cardiovascular physiology and disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 302:H1905-18. [PMID: 22287582 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00445.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
More than 1,000 proteins of the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria are dynamically modified by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), an essential post-translational modification of metazoans. O-GlcNAc, which modifies Ser/Thr residues, is thought to regulate protein function in a manner analogous to protein phosphorylation and, on a subset of proteins, appears to have a reciprocal relationship with phosphorylation. Like phosphorylation, O-GlcNAc levels change dynamically in response to numerous signals including hyperglycemia and cellular injury. Recent data suggests that O-GlcNAc appears to be a key regulator of the cellular stress response, the augmentation of which is protective in models of acute vascular injury, trauma hemorrhage, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. In contrast to these studies, O-GlcNAc has also been implicated in the development of hypertension and type II diabetes, leading to vascular and cardiac dysfunction. Here we summarize the current understanding of the roles of O-GlcNAc in the heart and vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha E Zachara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Magnelli P, Bielik A, Guthrie E. Identification and characterization of protein glycosylation using specific endo- and exoglycosidases. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 801:189-211. [PMID: 21987255 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-352-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic deglycosylation followed by SDS-PAGE is a valuable method to detect glycan modifications on protein samples. Specific glycosidases were used to remove sugars from glycoproteins in a controlled fashion leaving the protein core intact; the resulting change in molecular weight could be detected as shifts in gel mobility. Alternatively, glycan-sensitive reagents were used to visualize the intensity of glycoprotein bands before and after enzyme treatment. The ease of use of these techniques, which require only basic laboratory instrumentation and reagents, makes them the methodology of choice for initial glycobiology studies. These protocols are also well suited to screen for optimal expression conditions, since multiple glycoprotein samples can be processed at once.
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Crampton N, Kodiha M, Shrivastava S, Umar R, Stochaj U. Oxidative stress inhibits nuclear protein export by multiple mechanisms that target FG nucleoporins and Crm1. Mol Biol Cell 2009; 20:5106-16. [PMID: 19828735 PMCID: PMC2793288 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e09-05-0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Revised: 10/01/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear transport of macromolecules is regulated by the physiological state of the cell and thus sensitive to stress. To define the molecular mechanisms that control nuclear export upon stress, cells were exposed to nonlethal concentrations of the oxidant diethyl maleate (DEM). These stress conditions inhibited chromosome region maintenance-1 (Crm1)-dependent nuclear export and increased the association between Crm1 and Ran. In addition, we identified several repeat-containing nucleoporins implicated in nuclear export as targets of oxidative stress. As such, DEM treatment reduced Nup358 levels at the nuclear envelope and redistributed Nup98. Furthermore, oxidative stress led to an increase in the apparent molecular masses of Nup98, Nup214, and Nup62. Incubation with phosphatase or beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase showed that oxidative stress caused the phosphorylation of Nup98, Nup62, and Nup214 as well as O-linked N-acetylglucosamine modification of Nup62 and Nup214. These oxidant-induced changes in nucleoporin modification correlated first with the increased binding of Nup62 to the exporter Crm1 and second with the reduced interaction of Nup62 with other FxFG-containing nucleoporins. Together, oxidative stress up-regulated the binding of Crm1 to Ran and affected multiple repeat-containing nucleoporins by changing their localization, phosphorylation, O-glycosylation, or interaction with other transport components. We propose that the combination of these events contributes to the stress-dependent regulation of Crm1-mediated protein export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Crampton
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Mohamed Kodiha
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | | | - Rehan Umar
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6
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