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Vyletelová V, Nováková M, Pašková Ľ. Alterations of HDL's to piHDL's Proteome in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, and HDL-Targeted Therapies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1278. [PMID: 36297390 PMCID: PMC9611871 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, steatohepatitis, periodontitis, chronic kidney disease, and others are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which persists even after accounting for traditional cardiac risk factors. The common factor linking these diseases to accelerated atherosclerosis is chronic systemic low-grade inflammation triggering changes in lipoprotein structure and metabolism. HDL, an independent marker of cardiovascular risk, is a lipoprotein particle with numerous important anti-atherogenic properties. Besides the essential role in reverse cholesterol transport, HDL possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antithrombotic properties. Inflammation and inflammation-associated pathologies can cause modifications in HDL's proteome and lipidome, transforming HDL from atheroprotective into a pro-atherosclerotic lipoprotein. Therefore, a simple increase in HDL concentration in patients with inflammatory diseases has not led to the desired anti-atherogenic outcome. In this review, the functions of individual protein components of HDL, rendering them either anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory are described in detail. Alterations of HDL proteome (such as replacing atheroprotective proteins by pro-inflammatory proteins, or posttranslational modifications) in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases and their impact on cardiovascular health are discussed. Finally, molecular, and clinical aspects of HDL-targeted therapies, including those used in therapeutical practice, drugs in clinical trials, and experimental drugs are comprehensively summarised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ľudmila Pašková
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
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White CR, Palgunachari M, Wolkowicz P, Anantharamaiah GM. Peptides as Therapeutic Agents for Atherosclerosis. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2419:89-110. [PMID: 35237960 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1924-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
More than three decades ago, as a test for the amphipathic helix theory, an 18 amino acid residue peptide and its analogs were designed with no sequence homology to any of the exchangeable apolipoproteins. Based on the apolipoprotein A-I (the major protein component of high density lipoproteins, HDL) mimicking properties, they were termed as ApoA-I mimicking peptides. Several laboratories around the world started studying such de novo-designed peptides for their antiatherogenic properties. The present chapter describes the efforts in bringing these peptides as therapeutic agents for atherosclerosis and several lipid-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Roger White
- Department of Medicine, UAB Medical Centre, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Paul Wolkowicz
- Department of Medicine, UAB Medical Centre, Birmingham, AL, USA
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HDL and Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1377:171-187. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-1592-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Meloni BP, South SM, Gill DA, Marriott AL, Déziel RA, Jacques A, Blacker DJ, Knuckey NW. Poly-Arginine Peptides R18 and R18D Improve Functional Outcomes After Endothelin-1-Induced Stroke in the Sprague Dawley Rat. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 78:426-435. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlz014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno P Meloni
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia (BPM, DJB, NWK)
| | - Samantha M South
- Office of Research Enterprise, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Angela Jacques
- Sir Charles Gairdner Group, Department of Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Heath Sciences, Institute for Health Research, The University Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - David J Blacker
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia (BPM, DJB, NWK)
- Department of Neurology, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Neville W Knuckey
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia (BPM, DJB, NWK)
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Randomized clinical trials have assessed the effects of several classes of drugs on plasma cholesterol levels in patients with coronary artery disease. Agents including niacin, fibrates and statins significantly lower LDL-cholesterol, but tolerance issues and undesirable side-effects are common. Residual risk may also be present in patients with persistently low HDL-cholesterol despite a reduction in LDL-cholesterol. Recent trials of drugs that increase circulating HDL-cholesterol have also been disappointing. RECENT FINDINGS Ongoing efforts target the development of new pharmacotherapies to reduce circulating levels of atherogenic lipoproteins. The goal of this review is to discuss recent advances in the treatment of coronary artery disease and other vascular diseases characterized by an increase in circulating atherogenic lipoproteins. These include the development of inhibitors of ATP citrate lyase and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9. We also discuss recent developments in HDL therapy, including the clinical assessment of cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors and apolipoprotein E mimetic peptides. SUMMARY Several new classes of drug are undergoing clinical evaluation that show promise for atherogenic lipoprotein reduction in patients who are statin intolerant.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Roger White
- aDepartment of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Disease bDivision of Gerontology, Geriatric Medicine and Palliative Care cDivision of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics dUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama eLipimetiX Development, LLC, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
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White CR, Garber DW, Anantharamaiah GM. Anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing properties of apolipoprotein mimetics: a review. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:2007-21. [PMID: 25157031 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r051367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) are a strong independent predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. The major anti-atherogenic function of HDL is to mediate reverse cholesterol transport. This response is highly dependent on apoA-I and apoE, protein components of HDL. Randomized clinical trials have assessed effects of several classes of drugs on plasma cholesterol levels in CAD patients. Agents including cholestyramine, fibrates, niacin, and statins significantly lower LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and induce modest increases in HDL-C, but tolerance issues and undesirable side effects are common. Additionally, residual risk may be present in patients with persistently low HDL-C and other complications despite a reduction in LDL-C. These observations have fueled interest in the development of new pharmacotherapies that positively impact circulating lipoproteins. The goal of this review is to discuss the therapeutic potential of synthetic apolipoprotein mimetic peptides. These include apoA-I mimetic peptides that have undergone initial clinical assessment. We also discuss newer apoE mimetics that mediate the clearance of atherogenic lipids from the circulation and possess anti-inflammatory properties. One of these (AEM-28) has recently been given orphan drug status and is undergoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Roger White
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiovascular Disease, Gerontology, Geriatric Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - David W Garber
- Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - G M Anantharamaiah
- Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Bana L, Minniti S, Salvati E, Sesana S, Zambelli V, Cagnotto A, Orlando A, Cazzaniga E, Zwart R, Scheper W, Masserini M, Re F. Liposomes bi-functionalized with phosphatidic acid and an ApoE-derived peptide affect Aβ aggregation features and cross the blood-brain-barrier: implications for therapy of Alzheimer disease. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 10:1583-90. [PMID: 24333591 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Targeting amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) within the brain is a strategy actively sought for therapy of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the ability of liposomes bi-functionalized with phosphatidic acid and with a modified ApoE-derived peptide (mApoE-PA-LIP) to affect Aβ aggregation/disaggregation features and to cross in vitro and in vivo the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Surface plasmon resonance showed that bi-functionalized liposomes strongly bind Aβ (kD=0.6 μM), while Thioflavin-T and SDS-PAGE/WB assays show that liposomes inhibit peptide aggregation (70% inhibition after 72 h) and trigger the disaggregation of preformed aggregates (60% decrease after 120 h incubation). Moreover, experiments with dually radiolabelled LIP suggest that bi-functionalization enhances the passage of radioactivity across the BBB either in vitro (permeability=2.5×10(-5) cm/min, 5-fold higher with respect to mono-functionalized liposomes) or in vivo in healthy mice. Taken together, our results suggest that mApoE-PA-LIP are valuable nanodevices with a potential applicability in vivo for the treatment of AD. From the clinical editor: Bi-functionalized liposomes with phosphatidic acid and a modified ApoE-derived peptide were demonstrated to influence Aβ aggregation/disaggregation as a potential treatment in an Alzheimer's model. The liposomes were able to cross the blood-brain barrier in vitro and in vivo. Similar liposomes may become clinically valuable nanodevices with a potential applicability for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bana
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefania Minniti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elisa Salvati
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Sesana
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Vanessa Zambelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Alfredo Cagnotto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonina Orlando
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Emanuela Cazzaniga
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Rob Zwart
- Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Wiep Scheper
- Department of Genome Analysis, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, AZ, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Massimo Masserini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
| | - Francesca Re
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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