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Han X, Wang H, Du F, Zeng X, Guo C. Nrf2 for a key member of redox regulation: A novel insight against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115855. [PMID: 37939614 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a nuclear transcription factor, modulates genes responsible for antioxidant responses against toxic and oxidative stress to maintain redox homeostasis and participates in varieties of cellular processes such as metabolism and inflammation during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries (MIRI). The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from damaged mitochondria, xanthine oxidase, NADPH oxidases, and inflammation contributes to depraved myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injuries. Considering that Nrf2 played crucial roles in antagonizing oxidative stress, it is reasonable to delve into the up or down-regulated molecular mechanisms of Nrf2 in the progression of MIRI to provide the possibility of new therapeutic medicine targeting Nrf2 in cardiovascular diseases. This review systematically describes the generation of ROS, the regulatory metabolisms of Nrf2 as well as several natural or synthetic compounds activating Nrf2 during MIRI, which might provide novel insights for the anti-oxidative stress and original ideas targeting Nrf2 for the prevention and treatment in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Han
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaomin Lane, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 You An Men Wai Xi Tou Tiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Fenghe Du
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, PR China
| | - Xiangjun Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, No. 10 You An Men Wai Xi Tou Tiao, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, PR China.
| | - Caixia Guo
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaomin Lane, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, PR China.
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2
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Donato L, Scimone C, Alibrandi S, Scalinci SZ, Mordà D, Rinaldi C, D'Angelo R, Sidoti A. Human retinal secretome: A cross-link between mesenchymal and retinal cells. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:665-686. [PMID: 37545752 PMCID: PMC10401416 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i7.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been considered the most effective source for regenerative medicine, especially due to released soluble paracrine bioactive components and extracellular vesicles. These factors, collectively called the secretome, play crucial roles in immunomodulation and in improving survival and regeneration capabilities of injured tissue. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the secretome released by retinal cytotypes, especially retinal pigment epithelium and Müller glia cells. The latter trophic factors represent the key to preserving morphofunctional integrity of the retina, regulating biological pathways involved in survival, function and responding to injury. Furthermore, these factors can play a pivotal role in onset and progression of retinal diseases after damage of cell secretory function. In this review, we delineated the importance of cross-talk between MSCs and retinal cells, focusing on common/induced secreted factors, during experimental therapy for retinal diseases. The cross-link between the MSC and retinal cell secretomes suggests that the MSC secretome can modulate the retinal cell secretome and vice versa. For example, the MSC secretome can protect retinal cells from degeneration by reducing oxidative stress, autophagy and programmed cell death. Conversely, the retinal cell secretome can influence the MSC secretome by inducing changes in MSC gene expression and phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Donato
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Cutting-Edge Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo 90139, Italy
| | - Concetta Scimone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Cutting-Edge Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo 90139, Italy
| | - Simona Alibrandi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Cutting-Edge Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo 90139, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Mordà
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
- Department of Biomolecular Strategies, Genetics and Cutting-Edge Therapies, Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo 90139, Italy
| | - Carmela Rinaldi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Rosalia D'Angelo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
| | - Antonina Sidoti
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina 98125, Italy
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3
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Wang J, Yang L. The role of exosomes in central nervous system tissue regeneration and repair. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:052003. [PMID: 37399812 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ace39c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-bound vesicles secreted by various cell types into the extracellular environment and contain kinds of bioactive molecules. These molecules can mediate various biological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival, making them attractive for tissue regeneration and repair. Owing to their nanoscale size, bilayer membrane structure, and receptor-mediated transcytosis, exosomes can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reach the central nervous system (CNS) tissue. Additionally, exosomes can be loaded with exogenous substances after isolation. It has been suggested that exosomes could be used as natural drug carriers to transport therapeutic agents across the BBB and have great potential for CNS disease therapy by promoting tissue regeneration and repair. Herein, we discuss perspectives on therapeutic strategies to treat neurodegenerative disease or spinal cord injury using a variety of cell types-derived exosomes with kinds of exosomal contents, as well as engineering strategies of specific functional and exosome administration routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Wang
- Guangzhou Xinhua University, No.19 Huamei Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyan Yang
- Guangzhou Laboratory, No. 9 XingDaoHuanBei Road, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510005, People's Republic of China
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Gatina DZ, Gazizov IM, Zhuravleva MN, Arkhipova SS, Golubenko MA, Gomzikova MO, Garanina EE, Islamov RR, Rizvanov AA, Salafutdinov II. Induction of Angiogenesis by Genetically Modified Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054396. [PMID: 36901831 PMCID: PMC10002409 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulating the process of angiogenesis in treating ischemia-related diseases is an urgent task for modern medicine, which can be achieved through the use of different cell types. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) continues to be one of the attractive cell sources for transplantation. The goal of this study was to investigate the role and therapeutic potential of gene-engineered umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCB-MC) as a forward-looking strategy for the activation of angiogenesis. Adenovirus constructs Ad-VEGF, Ad-FGF2, Ad-SDF1α, and Ad-EGFP were synthesized and used for cell modification. UCB-MCs were isolated from UCB and transduced with adenoviral vectors. As part of our in vitro experiments, we evaluated the efficiency of transfection, the expression of recombinant genes, and the secretome profile. Later, we applied an in vivo Matrigel plug assay to assess engineered UCB-MC's angiogenic potential. We conclude that hUCB-MCs can be efficiently modified simultaneously with several adenoviral vectors. Modified UCB-MCs overexpress recombinant genes and proteins. Genetic modification of cells with recombinant adenoviruses does not affect the profile of secreted pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, except for an increase in the synthesis of recombinant proteins. hUCB-MCs genetically modified with therapeutic genes induced the formation of new vessels. An increase in the expression of endothelial cells marker (CD31) was revealed, which correlated with the data of visual examination and histological analysis. The present study demonstrates that gene-engineered UCB-MC can be used to stimulate angiogenesis and possibly treat cardiovascular disease and diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Z. Gatina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ilnaz M. Gazizov
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Margarita N. Zhuravleva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana S. Arkhipova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Maria A. Golubenko
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Marina O. Gomzikova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ekaterina E. Garanina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Rustem R. Islamov
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ilnur I. Salafutdinov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Dave C, Mei SHJ, McRae A, Hum C, Sullivan KJ, Champagne J, Ramsay T, McIntyre L. Comparison of freshly cultured versus cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cells in animal models of inflammation: A pre-clinical systematic review. eLife 2022; 11:75053. [PMID: 35838024 PMCID: PMC9286731 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that demonstrate therapeutic potential for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory-mediated conditions. Although controversial, some studies suggest that MSCs may lose their functionality with cryopreservation which could render them non-efficacious. Hence, we conducted a systematic review of comparative pre-clinical models of inflammation to determine if there are differences in in vivo measures of pre-clinical efficacy (primary outcomes) and in vitro potency (secondary outcomes) between freshly cultured and cryopreserved MSCs. Methods: A systematic search on OvidMEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, and Web of Science (until January 13, 2022) was conducted. The primary outcome included measures of in vivo pre-clinical efficacy; secondary outcomes included measures of in vitro MSC potency. Risk of bias was assessed by the SYRCLE ‘Risk of Bias’ assessment tool for pre-clinical studies. Results: Eighteen studies were included. A total of 257 in vivo pre-clinical efficacy experiments represented 101 distinct outcome measures. Of these outcomes, 2.3% (6/257) were significantly different at the 0.05 level or less; 2 favoured freshly cultured and 4 favoured cryopreserved MSCs. A total of 68 in vitro experiments represented 32 different potency measures; 13% (9/68) of the experiments were significantly different at the 0.05 level or less, with seven experiments favouring freshly cultured MSC and two favouring cryopreserved MSCs. Conclusions: The majority of preclinical primary in vivo efficacy and secondary in vitro potency outcomes were not significantly different (p<0.05) between freshly cultured and cryopreserved MSCs. Our systematic summary of the current evidence base may provide MSC basic and clinical research scientists additional rationale for considering a cryopreserved MSC product in their pre-clinical studies and clinical trials as well as help identify research gaps and guide future related research. Funding: Ontario Institute for Regenerative Medicine
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintan Dave
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Shirley H J Mei
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Andrea McRae
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Christine Hum
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Katrina J Sullivan
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Josee Champagne
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Tim Ramsay
- Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Lauralyn McIntyre
- Knowledge Synthesis Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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6
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Wang D, Niu Z, Wang X. The Regulatory Role of Non-coding RNA in Autophagy in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:822669. [PMID: 35370737 PMCID: PMC8970621 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.822669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), thrombolysis, coronary artery bypass grafting and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) are the best interventions to restore reperfusion and relieve the ischemic myocardium, however, the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) largely offsets the benefits of revascularization in patients. Studies have demonstrated that autophagy is one of the important mechanisms mediating the occurrence of the MIRI, while non-coding RNAs are the main regulatory factors of autophagy, which plays an important role in the autophagy-related mTOR signaling pathways and the process of autophagosome formation Therefore, non-coding RNAs may be used as novel clinical diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in the diagnosis and treatment of the MIRI. In this review, we not only describe the effect of non-coding RNA regulation of autophagy on MIRI outcome, but also zero in on the regulation of non-coding RNA on autophagy-related mTOR signaling pathways and mitophagy. Besides, we focus on how non-coding RNAs affect the outcome of MIRI by regulating autophagy induction, formation and extension of autophagic vesicles, and the fusion of autophagosome and lysosome. In addition, we summarize all non-coding RNAs reported in MIRI that can be served as possible druggable targets, hoping to provide a new idea for the prediction and treatment of MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenchao Niu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Cardiovascular Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Shanghai, China
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7
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Poomani MS, Mariappan I, Perumal R, Regurajan R, Muthan K, Subramanian V. Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSCs) Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease: A Promising Frontier. Glob Heart 2022; 17:19. [PMID: 35342702 PMCID: PMC8916054 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although tremendous progress has been made in conventional treatment for ischemic heart disease, it still remains a major cause of death and disability. Cell-based therapeutics holds an exciting frontier of research for complete cardiac recuperation. The capacity of diverse stem and progenitor cells to stimulate cardiac renewal has been analysed, with promising results in both pre-clinical and clinical trials. Mesenchymal stem cells have been ascertained to have regenerative ability via a variety of mechanisms, including differentiation from the mesoderm lineage, immunomodulatory properties, and paracrine effects. Also, their availability, maintenance, and ability to replenish endogenous stem cell niches have rendered them suitable for front-line research. This review schemes to outline the use of mesenchymal stem cell therapeutics for ischemic heart disease, their characteristics, the potent mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell-based heart regeneration, and highlight preclinical data. Additionally, we discuss the results of the clinical trials to date as well as ongoing clinical trials on ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Sobia Poomani
- Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Iyyadurai Mariappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rathika Regurajan
- Center for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnaveni Muthan
- Center for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatesh Subramanian
- Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
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8
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Belkozhayev AM, Al-Yozbaki M, George A, Niyazova RY, Sharipov KO, Byrne LJ, Wilson CM. Extracellular Vesicles, Stem Cells and the Role of miRNAs in Neurodegeneration. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1450-1478. [PMID: 34414870 PMCID: PMC9881087 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210817150141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There are different modalities of intercellular communication governed by cellular homeostasis. In this review, we will explore one of these forms of communication called extracellular vesicles (EVs). These vesicles are released by all cells in the body and are heterogeneous in nature. The primary function of EVs is to share information through their cargo consisting of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids (mRNA, miRNA, dsDNA etc.) with other cells, which have a direct consequence on their microenvironment. We will focus on the role of EVs of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the nervous system and how these participate in intercellular communication to maintain physiological function and provide neuroprotection. However, deregulation of this same communication system could play a role in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, prion disease and Huntington's disease. The release of EVs from a cell provides crucial information to what is happening inside the cell and thus could be used in diagnostics and therapy. We will discuss and explore new avenues for the clinical applications of using engineered MSC-EVs and their potential therapeutic benefit in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaz M. Belkozhayev
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
- Structural and Functional Genomics Laboratory of M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
| | - Alex George
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Raigul Ye Niyazova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Kamalidin O. Sharipov
- Structural and Functional Genomics Laboratory of M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Lee J. Byrne
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
| | - Cornelia M. Wilson
- Canterbury Christ Church University, School of Human and Life Sciences, Life Sciences Industry Liaison Lab, Sandwich, UK
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9
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Rieger AC, Tompkins BA, Natsumeda M, Florea V, Banerjee MN, Rodriguez J, Rosado M, Porras V, Valasaki K, Takeuchi LM, Collon K, Desai S, Bellio MA, Khan A, Kashikar ND, Landin AM, Hardin DV, Rodriguez DA, Balkan W, Hare JM, Schulman IH. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:59-72. [PMID: 35641169 PMCID: PMC8895493 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are primary manifestations of the cardiorenal syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therapies that improve morbidity and mortality in HFpEF are lacking. Cell-based therapies promote cardiac repair in ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. We hypothesized that cell-based therapy ameliorates CKD-induced HFpEF. Methods and Results Yorkshire pigs (n = 26) underwent 5/6 embolization-mediated nephrectomy. CKD was confirmed by increased creatinine and decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was not different between groups from baseline to 4 weeks. HFpEF was evident at 4 weeks by increased LV mass, relative wall thickening, end-diastolic pressure, and end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship, with no change in ejection fraction (EF). Four weeks post-embolization, allogeneic (allo) bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC; 1 × 107 cells), allo-kidney-derived stem cells (KSC; 1 × 107 cells), allo-cell combination therapy (ACCT; MSC + KSC; 1:1 ratio; total = 1 × 107 cells), or placebo (Plasma-Lyte) was delivered via intra-renal artery. Eight weeks post-treatment, there was a significant increase in MAP in the placebo group (21.89 ± 6.05 mmHg) compared to the ACCT group. GFR significantly improved in the ACCT group. EF, relative wall thickness, and LV mass did not differ between groups at 12 weeks. EDPVR improved in the ACCT group, indicating decreased ventricular stiffness. Conclusions Intra-renal artery allogeneic cell therapy was safe in a CKD swine model manifesting the characteristics of HFpEF. The beneficial effect on renal function and ventricular compliance in the ACCT group supports further research of cell therapy for cardiorenal syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Rieger
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bryon A Tompkins
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Makoto Natsumeda
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Victoria Florea
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Monisha N Banerjee
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jose Rodriguez
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marcos Rosado
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Valeria Porras
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Krystalenia Valasaki
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Lauro M Takeuchi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kevin Collon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sohil Desai
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael A Bellio
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Aisha Khan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Ana Marie Landin
- Cell Therapy and Vaccine Lab, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Darrell V Hardin
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel A Rodriguez
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wayne Balkan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ivonne Hernandez Schulman
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Corresponding author: Ivonne H. Schulman, MD, Program Director, Translational and Clinical Studies of Acute Kidney Injury, Division of Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases (KUH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Two Democracy Plaza, Room #6077, 6707 Democracy Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892-5458, USA. Tel: 301-435-3350; Mobile: 301-385-5744; Fax: 301-480-3510, ,
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10
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The role of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in the acute clinical setting. Am J Emerg Med 2020; 46:572-578. [PMID: 33279332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Accumulating evidence supports the use of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), particularly bone marrow derived, as a safe and promising biologic therapy for promoting tissue repair and regeneration in various chronic diseases and disorders. Despite growing evidence that MSCs are potent anti-inflammatory mediators that can provide substantial benefits in acute organ injury, there are limited clinical trials utilizing MSCs in acute care settings, such as in the emergency department (ED) or intensive care unit (ICU). OBJECTIVE This article reviews the current state of MSC-based therapeutics and further explores the untapped potential role to treat various acute, life-threating injuries in the ED and ICU. DISCUSSION All clinical trials using MSCs in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis and acute kidney injury (AKI) demonstrated safety. While some also demonstrate clinical efficacy, efficacy data is inconsistent, with some studies limited by sample size, cell integrity and different dosages, necessitating further studies. CONCLUSION MSCs are potentially promising novel biologic therapeutics for clinical application in AMI, ARDS, sepsis, AKI and COVID-19 that have demonstrated safety in all clinical trials. More rigorous clinical trials are necessary and warranted to determine the efficacy of MSCs as a novel therapeutic in an acute setting, such as the ED.
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11
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Liew LC, Ho BX, Soh BS. Mending a broken heart: current strategies and limitations of cell-based therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:138. [PMID: 32216837 PMCID: PMC7098097 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01648-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The versatility of pluripotent stem cells, attributable to their unlimited self-renewal capacity and plasticity, has sparked a considerable interest for potential application in regenerative medicine. Over the past decade, the concept of replenishing the lost cardiomyocytes, the crux of the matter in ischemic heart disease, with pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CM) has been validated with promising pre-clinical results. Nevertheless, clinical translation was hemmed in by limitations such as immature cardiac properties, long-term engraftment, graft-associated arrhythmias, immunogenicity, and risk of tumorigenicity. The continuous progress of stem cell-based cardiac therapy, incorporated with tissue engineering strategies and delivery of cardio-protective exosomes, provides an optimistic outlook on the development of curative treatment for heart failure. This review provides an overview and current status of stem cell-based therapy for heart regeneration, with particular focus on the use of PSC-CM. In addition, we also highlight the associated challenges in clinical application and discuss the potential strategies in developing successful cardiac-regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Chuen Liew
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Beatrice Xuan Ho
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. .,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
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12
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Xiao Y, Wang T, Song X, Yang D, Chu Q, Kang YJ. Copper promotion of myocardial regeneration. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:911-921. [PMID: 32148090 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220911604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Copper promotes angiogenesis, but the mechanistic insights have not been fully elucidated until recently. In addition, the significance of copper promotion of angiogenesis in myocardial regeneration was increasingly revealed. Copper critically participates in the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) of angiogenic gene expression. Interestingly, myocardial ischemia causes copper efflux from the heart, leading to suppression of angiogenesis, although HIF-1α, the critical subunit of HIF-1, remains accumulated in the ischemic myocardium. Strategies targeting copper specific delivery to the ischemic myocardium lead to selective activation of HIF-1-regulated angiogenic gene expression. Vascularization of the ischemic myocardium re-establishes the tissue injury microenvironment, and rebuilds the conduit for communication between the tissue injury signals and the remote regenerative responses including stem cells. This process promotes myocardial regeneration. Thus, a simple and effective copper supplementation to the ischemic myocardium would become a novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of patients with ischemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiao
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Song
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qing Chu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Memphis Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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13
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Thompson M, Mei SH, Wolfe D, Champagne J, Fergusson D, Stewart DJ, Sullivan KJ, Doxtator E, Lalu M, English SW, Granton J, Hutton B, Marshall J, Maybee A, Walley KR, Santos CD, Winston B, McIntyre L. Cell therapy with intravascular administration of mesenchymal stromal cells continues to appear safe: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2020; 19:100249. [PMID: 31989101 PMCID: PMC6970160 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characterization of the mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) safety profile is important as this novel therapy continues to be evaluated in clinical trials for various inflammatory conditions. Due to an increase in published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2012-2019, we performed an updated systematic review to further characterize the MSC safety profile. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science (to May 2018) were searched. RCTs that compared intravascular delivery of MSCs to controls in adult populations were included. Pre-specified adverse events were grouped according to: (1) immediate, (2) infection, (3) thrombotic/embolic, and (4) longer-term events (mortality, malignancy). Adverse events were pooled and meta-analyzed by fitting inverse-variance binary random effects models. Primary and secondary clinical efficacy endpoints were summarized descriptively. FINDINGS 7473 citations were reviewed and 55 studies met inclusion criteria (n = 2696 patients). MSCs as compared to controls were associated with an increased risk of fever (Relative Risk (RR) = 2·48, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1·27-4·86; I2 = 0%), but not non-fever acute infusional toxicity, infection, thrombotic/embolic events, death, or malignancy (RR = 1·16, 0·99, 1·14, 0·78, 0·93; 95% CI = 0·70-1·91, 0·81-1·21, 0·67-1·95, 0·65-0·94, 0·60-1·45; I2 = 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%). No included trials were ended prematurely due to safety concerns. INTERPRETATIONS MSC therapy continues to exhibit a favourable safety profile. Future trials should continue to strengthen study rigor, reporting of MSC characterization, and adverse events. FUNDING Stem Cell Network, Ontario Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Ontario Research Fund.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Thompson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program (CEP), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shirley H.J. Mei
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dianna Wolfe
- Clinical Epidemiology Program (CEP), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Josée Champagne
- Clinical Epidemiology Program (CEP), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dean Fergusson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program (CEP), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Duncan J. Stewart
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katrina J. Sullivan
- Clinical Epidemiology Program (CEP), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Doxtator
- Clinical Epidemiology Program (CEP), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manoj Lalu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shane W. English
- Clinical Epidemiology Program (CEP), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Granton
- Department of Medicine (Critical Care), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Hutton
- Clinical Epidemiology Program (CEP), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Marshall
- Department of Surgery (Critical Care), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alies Maybee
- Patient Advisors Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Keith R. Walley
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Claudia Dos Santos
- Department of Surgery (Critical Care), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brent Winston
- Department of Critical Care, Medicine, and Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lauralyn McIntyre
- Clinical Epidemiology Program (CEP), Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Oliva AA, McClain-Moss L, Pena A, Drouillard A, Hare JM. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell therapy: A regenerative medicine approach to geroscience. Aging Med (Milton) 2019; 2:142-146. [PMID: 31667462 PMCID: PMC6820701 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extraordinary advances in medicine and public health have contributed to increasing life expectancy worldwide. However, health span-"healthy aging"-has paradoxically lagged to parallel this increase. Consequently, aging-associated illnesses, such as Alzheimer's disease and aging frailty, are having a growing impact on patients, their families, and entire health-care systems. Typically, such disorders have been treated as isolated disease entities. However, the inextricable links between aging-associated disorders and the aging process itself have become increasingly recognized, leading to formation of the field of geroscience. The geroscience concept is that treating the aging process itself should lead to treatment and prevention of aging-related disorders. However, the aging process is complex, dictated by highly interrelated pleiotropic processes. As such, therapeutics with pleiotropic mechanisms of action (either alone, or as part of combinatorial strategies) will be required for preventing and treating both aging and related disorders. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multiple mechanisms of action that make these highly promising geroscience therapeutic candidates. These cells have a high safety profile for clinical use, are amenable to allogeneic use since tissue-type matching is not required, and can have sustained activity after transplantation. Herein, we review preclinical and clinical data supporting the utility of allogeneic MSCs as a geroscience therapeutic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joshua M Hare
- Longeveron LLC, Miami, FL, USA.,Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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15
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Wang M, Hu R, Yang Y, Xiang L, Mu Y. In Vivo Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of SDF-1 Expression in a Swine Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:899. [PMID: 31496948 PMCID: PMC6712163 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Stem cell therapy of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is proving to be a promising approach to repair the injured myocardia. The time window for stem cell transplantation is crucial yet difficult to determine since it produces different therapeutic effects at different times after myocardial infarction. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF- 1) plays a pivotal role in the mobilization, homing, proliferation, and differentiation of transplanted stem cells. Here, by using ultrasound molecular imaging via targeted microbubbles, we determined the dynamic expression of SDF-1 in a swine model of AMI in vivo. Methods: Twenty-four miniswine were randomly selected for the control group and the AMI model group, which underwent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). The AMI animals were randomly divided into six experimental groups according to the duration of the myocardial infarction. All animals were subjected to ultrasound molecular imaging through injections with targeted microbubbles (T + T group) or nontargeted control microbubbles (T + C group). The values of the myocardial perfusion parameters (A, β, and A × β) were determined using Q-Lab (Philips ultrasound, version 9.0), and the expression level of SDF-1 was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Our results showed that the expression of SDF-1 gradually increased and peaked at 1 week after AMI. The trend is well reflected by ultrasound molecular imaging in the myocardial perfusion parameters. The A, β, and A × β values correlated with SDF-1 in the T + T group (r = 0.887, 0.892, and 0.942; P < 0.05). Regression equations were established for the relationships of the A, β, and A × β values (X) with SDF-1 (Y): Y = 0.699X - 0.6048, Y = 0.4698X + 0.3282, and Y = 0.0945X + 0.6685, respectively (R 2 = 0.772, 0.7957, and 0.8871; P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our finding demonstrated that ultrasound molecular imaging could be used to evaluate the expression dynamics of SDF-1 after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuming Mu
- Department of Echocardiography, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
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16
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Abstract
There is a critical need to identify accessible stem cells that can form spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes (CMs) and enable regeneration. Here, we establish that intravenous delivery of placental Cdx2 cells resulted in directed homing, sustained engraftment, and differentiation into CMs and vascular cells in damaged hearts, significantly improving cardiac function. This study unveils a distinctive functional significance of Cdx2 beyond its established role in embryonic patterning. Therapeutic use of Cdx2 cells may represent a vital advance, as these cells are multipotent and immunologically naive, with a unique proteome, compared with embryonic stem cells. Moreover, they exhibit the ability to selectively home to sites of injury. These characteristics pave the way for novel allogeneic stem cell therapy for cardiac disease. The extremely limited regenerative potential of adult mammalian hearts has prompted the need for novel cell-based therapies that can restore contractile function in heart disease. We have previously shown the regenerative potential of mixed fetal cells that were naturally found migrating to the injured maternal heart. Exploiting this intrinsic mechanism led to the current hypothesis that Caudal-type homeobox-2 (Cdx2) cells in placenta may represent a novel cell type for cardiac regeneration. Using a lineage-tracing strategy, we specifically labeled fetal-derived Cdx2 cells with enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). Cdx2-eGFP cells from end-gestation placenta were assayed for cardiac differentiation in vitro and in vivo using a mouse model of myocardial infarction. We observed that these cells differentiated into spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes (CMs) and vascular cells in vitro, indicating multipotentiality. When administered via tail vein to infarcted wild-type male mice, they selectively and robustly homed to the heart and differentiated to CMs and blood vessels, resulting in significant improvement in contractility as noted by MRI. Proteomics and immune transcriptomics studies of Cdx2-eGFP cells compared with embryonic stem (ES) cells reveal that they appear to retain “stem”-related functions of ES cells but exhibit unique signatures supporting roles in homing and survival, with an ability to evade immune surveillance, which is critical for cell-based therapy. Cdx2-eGFP cells may potentially represent a therapeutic advance in allogeneic cell therapy for cardiac repair.
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17
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Involvement of Nrf2 in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 125:496-502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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18
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Johnson T, Zhao L, Manuel G, Taylor H, Liu D. Approaches to therapeutic angiogenesis for ischemic heart disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 97:141-151. [PMID: 30554258 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is caused by the narrowing of arteries that work to provide blood, nutrients, and oxygen to the myocardial tissue. The worldwide epidemic of IHD urgently requires innovative treatments despite the significant advances in medical, interventional, and surgical therapies for this disease. Angiogenesis is a physiological and pathophysiological process that initiates vascular growth from pre-existing blood vessels in response to a lack of oxygen. This process occurs naturally over time and has encouraged researchers and clinicians to investigate the outcomes of accelerating or enhancing this angiogenic response as an alternative IHD therapy. Therapeutic angiogenesis has been shown to revascularize ischemic heart tissue, reduce the progression of tissue infarction, and evade the need for invasive surgical procedures or tissue/organ transplants. Several approaches, including the use of proteins, genes, stem/progenitor cells, and various combinations, have been employed to promote angiogenesis. While clinical trials for these approaches are ongoing, microvesicles and exosomes have recently been investigated as a cell-free approach to stimulate angiogenesis and may circumvent limitations of using viable cells. This review summarizes the approaches to accomplish therapeutic angiogenesis for IHD by highlighting the advances and challenges that addresses the applicability of a potential pro-angiogenic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takerra Johnson
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Lina Zhao
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Gygeria Manuel
- Department of Biochemistry, Spelman College, 350 Spelman Lane, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Herman Taylor
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Dong Liu
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
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19
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Schulman IH, Balkan W, Hare JM. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Aging Frailty. Front Nutr 2018; 5:108. [PMID: 30498696 PMCID: PMC6249304 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases and degenerative conditions are strongly linked with the geriatric syndrome of frailty and account for a disproportionate percentage of the health care budget. Frailty increases the risk of falls, hospitalization, institutionalization, disability, and death. By definition, frailty syndrome is characterized by declines in lean body mass, strength, endurance, balance, gait speed, activity and energy levels, and organ physiologic reserve. Collectively, these changes lead to the loss of homeostasis and capability to withstand stressors and resulting vulnerabilities. There is a strong link between frailty, inflammation, and the impaired ability to repair tissue injury due to decreases in endogenous stem cell production. Although exercise and nutritional supplementation provide benefit to frail patients, there are currently no specific therapies for frailty. Bone marrow-derived allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide therapeutic benefits in heart failure patients irrespective of age. MSCs contribute to cellular repair and tissue regeneration through their multilineage differentiation capacity, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects, homing and migratory capacity to injury sites, and stimulatory effect on endogenous tissue progenitors. The advantages of using MSCs as a therapeutic strategy include standardization of isolation and culture expansion techniques and safety in allogeneic transplantation. Based on this evidence, we performed a randomized, double-blinded, dose-finding study in elderly, frail individuals and showed that intravenously delivered allogeneic MSCs are safe and produce significant improvements in physical performance measures and inflammatory biomarkers. We thus propose that frailty can be treated and the link between frailty and chronic inflammation offers a potential therapeutic target, addressable by cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Hernandez Schulman
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Wayne Balkan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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20
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Jeong H, Yim HW, Park HJ, Cho Y, Hong H, Kim NJ, Oh IH. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Stem Cells 2018; 11:1-12. [PMID: 29482311 PMCID: PMC5984054 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc17061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have emerged as breakthrough treatments for myocardial infarction. However, the efficacy of MSC remains unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate treatment effect of MSC in terms of mechanical, regenerative, and clinical outcomes for patients with myocardial infarction (MI) using meta-analysis. Methods A systematic search and critical review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane database literature published from inception through December 2017 was performed. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials, studies on patients with myocardial infarction, and studies compared with placebo as a control group. Results A total of 950 patients from 14 randomized placebo controlled trials were included in the final meta-analysis. MSC treatment showed benefits for mechanical, regenerative, and clinical outcomes. In terms of mechanical outcomes, the LVEF of the MSC treatment group increased by 3.84% (95% CI: 2.32~5.35, I2=43) and the effect was maintained for up to 24 months. Regenerative outcomes were measured by scar mass and WMSI. Scar mass was reduced by −1.13 (95% CI: −1.80 to −0.46, I2=71) and WMSI was reduced by −0.05 (95% CI: −0.07 to −0.03, I2=45) at 6 months after MSC treatment. Mortality rate and incidence of re-hospitalization for HF in MSC group patients trended toward reduced incidence compared to the control group, although this was not statistically significant because of the low event rate. Conclusions The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that MSCs can be beneficial in improving heart function in the treatment of MI. However, the efficacy of MSCs must be further explored through large randomized controlled trials based on rigorous research design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsuk Jeong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Woo Yim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hun-Jun Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngseung Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hanter Hong
- Cheong-yang Branch Office of the Community Health Center, Cheongyang, Korea
| | - Na Jin Kim
- Medical Library, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Hoan Oh
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Sanz-Ruiz R, Casado Plasencia A, Borlado LR, Fernández-Santos ME, Al-Daccak R, Claus P, Palacios I, Sádaba R, Charron D, Bogaert J, Mulet M, Yotti R, Gilaberte I, Bernad A, Bermejo J, Janssens S, Fernández-Avilés F. Rationale and Design of a Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Intracoronary Infusion of Allogeneic Human Cardiac Stem Cells in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Left Ventricular Dysfunction. Circ Res 2017; 121:71-80. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rationale:
Stem cell therapy has increased the therapeutic armamentarium in the fight against ischemic heart disease and heart failure. The administration of exogenous stem cells has been investigated in patients suffering an acute myocardial infarction, with the final aim of salvaging jeopardized myocardium and preventing left ventricular adverse remodeling and functional deterioration. However, phase I and II clinical trials with autologous and first-generation stem cells have yielded inconsistent benefits and mixed results.
Objective:
In the search for new and more efficient cellular regenerative products, interesting cardioprotective, immunoregulatory, and cardioregenerative properties have been demonstrated for human cardiac stem cells. On the other hand, allogeneic cells show several advantages over autologous sources: they can be produced in large quantities, easily administered off-the-shelf early after an acute myocardial infarction, comply with stringent criteria for product homogeneity, potency, and quality control, and may exhibit a distinctive immunologic behavior.
Methods and Results:
With a promising preclinical background, CAREMI (Cardiac Stem Cells in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction) has been designed as a double-blind, 2:1 randomized, controlled, and multicenter clinical trial that will evaluate the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of intracoronary delivery of allogeneic human cardiac stem cell in 55 patients with large acute myocardial infarction, left ventricular dysfunction, and at high risk of developing heart failure.
Conclusions:
This phase I/II clinical trial represents a novel experience in humans with allogeneic cardiac stem cell in a rigorously imaging-based selected group of acute myocardial infarction patients, with detailed safety immunologic assessments and magnetic resonance imaging–based efficacy end points.
Clinical Trial Registration:
URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02439398.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Sanz-Ruiz
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Ana Casado Plasencia
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Luis R. Borlado
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - María Eugenia Fernández-Santos
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Reem Al-Daccak
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Piet Claus
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Itziar Palacios
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Rafael Sádaba
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Dominique Charron
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Jan Bogaert
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Miguel Mulet
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Raquel Yotti
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Immaculada Gilaberte
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Antonio Bernad
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Javier Bermejo
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Stefan Janssens
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
| | - Franciso Fernández-Avilés
- From the Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain (R.S.-R., A.C.P., M.E.F.-S., R.Y., J. Bermejo, F.F.-A.); Coretherapix S.L.U./Tigenix Group, Madrid, Spain (L.R.B., I.P., M.M., I.G.); HLA et Medicine (HLA-MED), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France (R.A.-D., D.C.)
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22
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Liew LC, Katsuda T, Gailhouste L, Nakagama H, Ochiya T. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: a glimmer of hope in treating Alzheimer’s disease. Int Immunol 2017; 29:11-19. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxx002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Chuen Liew
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takeshi Katsuda
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Luc Gailhouste
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakagama
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
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23
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RajendranNair DS, Karunakaran J, Nair RR. Differential response of human cardiac stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 425:139-153. [PMID: 27844250 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are popularly used in stem cell therapy for myocardial regeneration. The cell type that survives and maintains stem cell characteristics in the adverse microenvironment following ischemia-reperfusion injury is presumed to be ideal for transplantation. The study was therefore aimed at identifying the cell type with relatively greater resistance to ischemia-reperfusion injury. CDCs were isolated from the right atrial appendage and MSCs from bone marrow of patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Ischemia-reperfusion injury was simulated in vitro by subjecting the cells to hypoxia (0.5% O2) followed by reintroduction of oxygen (HR injury). Greater resistance of CDCs to HR injury was apparent from the decreased expression of senescence markers and lower proportion of apoptotic cells (one-sixth of that in MSCs). HR injury retarded cell cycle progression in MSCs. Consequent to HR injury, cell migration and secretion of stromal-derived growth factor were stimulated, significantly in CDCs. The differentiation to myocyte lineage and angiogenesis assessed by tube formation ability was better for CDCs. Release of vascular endothelial growth factor was relatively more in CDCs and was further stimulated by HR injury. Differentiation to osteogenic and angiogenic lineage was stimulated by HR injury in MSCs. Compared to MSCs, CDCs appear to be the cell of choice for promoting myocardial regeneration by virtue of its survival capacity in the event of ischemic insult along with higher proliferation rate, migration efficiency, release of growth factors with paracrine effects and differentiation to cardiac lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepthi Sreerengam RajendranNair
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, India
| | - Jayakumar Karunakaran
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, India
| | - Renuka R Nair
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, India.
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24
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Santini MP, Forte E, Harvey RP, Kovacic JC. Developmental origin and lineage plasticity of endogenous cardiac stem cells. Development 2016; 143:1242-58. [PMID: 27095490 DOI: 10.1242/dev.111591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, several populations of cardiac stem cells have been described in the adult mammalian heart. For the most part, however, their lineage origins and in vivo functions remain largely unexplored. This Review summarizes what is known about different populations of embryonic and adult cardiac stem cells, including KIT(+), PDGFRα(+), ISL1(+)and SCA1(+)cells, side population cells, cardiospheres and epicardial cells. We discuss their developmental origins and defining characteristics, and consider their possible contribution to heart organogenesis and regeneration. We also summarize the origin and plasticity of cardiac fibroblasts and circulating endothelial progenitor cells, and consider what role these cells have in contributing to cardiac repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paola Santini
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Elvira Forte
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia Stem Cells Australia, Melbourne Brain Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Richard P Harvey
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, 405 Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia Stem Cells Australia, Melbourne Brain Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA Stem Cells Australia, Melbourne Brain Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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25
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Raffaele M, Li Volti G, Barbagallo IA, Vanella L. Therapeutic Efficacy of Stem Cells Transplantation in Diabetes: Role of Heme Oxygenase. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:80. [PMID: 27547752 PMCID: PMC4974271 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing data obtained from in vivo studies and clinical trials demonstrated the benefit of adult stem cells transplantation in diabetes; although an important limit is represented by their survival after the transplant. To this regard, recent reports suggest that genetic manipulation of stem cells prior to transplantation can lead to enhanced survival and better engraftment. The following review proposes to stimulate interest in the role of heme oxygenase-1 over-expression on transplantation of stem cells in diabetes, focusing on the clinical potential of heme oxygenase protein and activity to restore tissue damage and/or to improve the immunomodulatory properties of transplanted stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Raffaele
- Department of Drug Science, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | | | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug Science, University of Catania Catania, Italy
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26
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Kanazawa H, Tseliou E, Dawkins JF, De Couto G, Gallet R, Malliaras K, Yee K, Kreke M, Valle I, Smith RR, Middleton RC, Ho CS, Dharmakumar R, Li D, Makkar RR, Fukuda K, Marbán L, Marbán E. Durable Benefits of Cellular Postconditioning: Long-Term Effects of Allogeneic Cardiosphere-Derived Cells Infused After Reperfusion in Pigs with Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.115.002796. [PMID: 26857066 PMCID: PMC4802479 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.002796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infusion of allogeneic cardiosphere-derived cells (allo-CDCs) postreperfusion elicits cardioprotective cellular postconditioning in pigs with acute myocardial infarction. However, the long-term effects of allo-CDCs have not been assessed. We performed a placebo-controlled pivotal study for long-term evaluation, as well as shorter-term mechanistic studies. METHODS AND RESULTS Minipigs underwent 1.5-hour mid-left anterior descending balloon occlusion followed by reperfusion and were randomized to receive intracoronary allo-CDCs or vehicle 30 minutes postreperfusion. Left ventriculography (LVG) demonstrated preserved ejection fraction (EF) and attenuation of LV remodeling in CDC-treated pigs. Pigs underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and LVG 1 hour and 8 weeks after therapy to evaluate efficacy. MRI showed improvement of EF and attenuation of LV remodeling immediately after allo-CDC infusion. In addition, allo-CDCs improved regional function and decreased hypertrophy 2 months post-treatment. Histological analysis revealed increased myocardial salvage index, enhanced vascularity, sustained reductions in infarct size/area at risk and scar transmurality, and attenuation of collagen deposition in the infarct zone of allo-CDC-treated pigs at 2 months. Allo-CDCs did not evoke lymphohistiocytic infiltration or systemic humoral memory response. Short-term experiments designed to probe mechanism revealed antiapoptotic effects of allo-CDCs on cardiomyocytes and increases in cytoprotective macrophages, but no increase in overall inflammatory cell infiltration 2 hours after cell therapy. CONCLUSIONS Allo-CDC infusion postreperfusion is safe, improves cardiac function, and attenuates scar size and remodeling. The favorable effects persist for at least 2 months after therapy. Thus, cellular postconditioning confers not only acute cardioprotection, but also lasting structural and functional benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kanazawa
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rachel R Smith
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA Capricor Inc., Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | | | - Debiao Li
- Cedars-Sinai Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku Tokyo, Japan
| | - Linda Marbán
- Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA Capricor Inc., Los Angeles, CA
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27
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Expression of CD24 in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Is Regulated by TGFβ3 and Induces a Myofibroblast-Like Genotype. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:1319578. [PMID: 26788063 PMCID: PMC4691640 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1319578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (hBMSCs) derived from the adult organism hold great promise for diverse settings in regenerative medicine. Therefore a more complete understanding of hBMSC biology to fully exploit the cells' potential for clinical settings is important. The protein CD24 has been reported to be involved in a diverse range of processes such as cancer, adaptive immunity, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases in other cell types. Its expression in hBMSCs, which has not yet been analyzed, may add an important aspect in the understanding of hBMSC biology. The present study therefore analyzes the expression, regulation, and functional implication of the surface protein CD24 in hBMSCs. Methods used are stimulation studies with TGF beta as well as shRNA-mediated knockdown and overexpression of CD24 followed by microarray, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometric analyses. To our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time that the expression of CD24 is an inherent property of hBMSCs. Importantly, the data links the upregulation of CD24 to the adoption of a myofibroblast-like gene expression pattern in hBMSCs. We demonstrate that CD24 is an important modulator in transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGFβ3) signaling with a reciprocal regulatory relationship between these two proteins.
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28
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Ham O, Lee SY, Lee CY, Park JH, Lee J, Seo HH, Cha MJ, Choi E, Kim S, Hwang KC. let-7b suppresses apoptosis and autophagy of human mesenchymal stem cells transplanted into ischemia/reperfusion injured heart 7by targeting caspase-3. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:147. [PMID: 26296645 PMCID: PMC4546263 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic potential for the repair of myocardial injury. The efficacy of MSC therapy for myocardial regeneration mainly depends on the survival of cells after transplantation into the infarcted heart. In the transplanted regions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause cell death, and this process depends on caspase activation and autophagosome formation. Methods A Software TargetScan was utilized to search for microRNAs (miRNAs) that target caspase-3 mRNA. Six candidate miRNAs including let-7b were selected and transfected into human MSCs in vitro. Expression of MEK-EKR signal pathways and autophagy-related genes were detected. Using ischemia/reperfusion model (I/R), the effect of MSCs enriched with let-7b was determined after transplantation into infarcted heart area. Miller catheter was used to evaluate cardiac function. Results Here, we report that let-7b targets caspase-3 to regulate apoptosis and autophagy in MSCs exposed to ROS. Let-7b-transfected MSCs (let-7b-MSCs) showed high expression of survival-related proteins, including p-MEK, p-ERK and Bcl-2, leading to a decrease in Annexin V/PI- and TUNEL-positive cells under ROS-rich conditions. Moreover, autophagy-related genes, including Atg5, Atg7, Atg12 and beclin-1, were significantly downregulated in let-7b-MSCs. Using a rat model of acute myocardial infarction, we found that intramyocardial injection of let-7b-MSCs markedly enhanced left ventricular (LV) function and microvessel density, in accordance with a reduced infarct size and the expression of caspase-3. Conclusions Taken together, these data indicate that let-7b may protect MSCs implanted into infarcted myocardium from apoptosis and autophagy by directly targeting caspase-3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onju Ham
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se-Yeon Lee
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun-Hee Park
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Ji Cha
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea. .,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 210-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunhyun Choi
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea. .,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 210-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soonhag Kim
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea. .,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 210-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City, 404-834, Republic of Korea. .,Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 210-701, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Naaijkens BA, Krijnen PAJ, Meinster E, ter Horst EN, Vo K, Musters RJP, Kamp O, Niessen HWM, Juffermans LJM, van Dijk A. Acute myocardial infarction does not affect functional characteristics of adipose-derived stem cells in rats, but reduces the number of stem cells in adipose tissue. Cell Tissue Res 2015. [PMID: 26202892 PMCID: PMC4675794 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2239-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In most pre-clinical animal studies investigating stem cell therapy in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the administered stem cells are isolated from healthy donors. In clinical practice, however, patients who suffer from AMI will receive autologous cells, for example using adipose-derived stem cells (ASC). During AMI, inflammation is induced and we hypothesized that this might affect characteristics of ASC. To investigate this, ASC were isolated from rat adipose tissue 1 day (1D group, n = 5) or 7 days (7D group, n = 6) post-AMI, and were compared with ASC from healthy control rats (Control group, n = 6) and sham-operated rats (Sham 1D group, n = 5). We found that significantly fewer ASC were present 1 day post-AMI in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), determined by a colony-forming-unit assay (p < 0.001 vs. Control and 7D). These data were confirmed by flow cytometry, showing fewer CD90-positive cells in SVF of the 1D group. When cultured, no differences were found in proliferation rate and cell size between the groups in the first three passages. Also, no difference in the differentiation capacity of ASC was found. In conclusion, it was shown that significantly fewer stem cells were present in the SVF 1 day post-AMI; however, the stem cells that were present showed no functional differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Naaijkens
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands. .,Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN), Utrecht, Netherlands. .,Institute of Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - P A J Krijnen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - E Meinster
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - E N ter Horst
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN), Utrecht, Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - K Vo
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - R J P Musters
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - O Kamp
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN), Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - H W M Niessen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L J M Juffermans
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN), Utrecht, Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A van Dijk
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Institute of Cardiovascular Research (ICaR-VU), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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30
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Al-Daccak R, Charron D. Allogenic benefit in stem cell therapy: cardiac repair and regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Al-Daccak
- Laboratoire “Jean Dausset” Hôpital Saint Louis - AP-HP; INSERM U976, Université Paris Diderot; Paris France
| | - D. Charron
- Laboratoire “Jean Dausset” Hôpital Saint Louis - AP-HP; INSERM U976, Université Paris Diderot; Paris France
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31
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Cardiogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells with gold nanoparticle loaded functionalized nanofibers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015. [PMID: 26209968 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac tissue engineering promises to revolutionize the treatment of patients with end-stage heart failure and provide new solutions to the serious problems of shortage of heart donors. The influence of extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an influential role along with nanostructured components for guided stem cell differentiation. Hence, nanoparticle embedded Nanofibrous scaffolds of FDA approved polycaprolactone (PCL), Vitamin B12 (Vit B12), Aloe Vera(AV) and Silk fibroin(SF) was constructed to differentiate mesenchymal stem cells into cardiac lineage. Cardiomyocytes (CM) and Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were co-cultured on these fabricated nanofibrous scaffolds for the regeneration of infarcted myocardium. Results demonstrated that synthesized gold nanoparticles were of the size 16 nm and the nanoparticle loaded nanofibrous scaffold has a mechanical strength of 2.56 MPa matching that of the native myocardium. The gold nanoparticle blended PCL scaffolds were found to be enhancing the MSCs proliferation and differentiation into cardiogenesis. Most importantly the phenotype and cardiac marker expression in differentiated MSCs were highly resonated in gold nanoparticle loaded nanofibrous scaffolds. The appropriate mechanical strength provided by the functionalized nanofibrous scaffolds profoundly supported MSCs to produce contractile proteins and achieve typical cardiac phenotype.
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Cutts J, Nikkhah M, Brafman DA. Biomaterial Approaches for Stem Cell-Based Myocardial Tissue Engineering. Biomark Insights 2015; 10:77-90. [PMID: 26052226 PMCID: PMC4451817 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s20313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult and pluripotent stem cells represent a ready supply of cellular raw materials that can be used to generate the functionally mature cells needed to replace damaged or diseased heart tissue. However, the use of stem cells for cardiac regenerative therapies is limited by the low efficiency by which stem cells are differentiated in vitro to cardiac lineages as well as the inability to effectively deliver stem cells and their derivatives to regions of damaged myocardium. In this review, we discuss the various biomaterial-based approaches that are being implemented to direct stem cell fate both in vitro and in vivo. First, we discuss the stem cell types available for cardiac repair and the engineering of naturally and synthetically derived biomaterials to direct their in vitro differentiation to the cell types that comprise heart tissue. Next, we describe biomaterial-based approaches that are being implemented to enhance the in vivo integration and differentiation of stem cells delivered to areas of cardiac damage. Finally, we present emerging trends of using stem cell-based biomaterial approaches to deliver pro-survival factors and fully vascularized tissue to the damaged and diseased cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Cutts
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - David A Brafman
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Knyazev OV, Parfenov AI, Konoplyannikov AG, Ruchkina IN, Churikova AA, Bykova SV, Albulova EA, Boldyreva ON, Fadeeva NA, Lishchinskaya AA. [Safety of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases: results of a 5-year follow-up]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2015; 87:39-44. [PMID: 25864347 DOI: 10.17116/terarkh201587239-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the safety of therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) who have received combination anti-inflammatory therapy using bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and standard therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid, glucocorticosteroids, and immunosuppressive agents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Unfavorable consequences were analyzed in 103 patients (56 with UC and 47 with CD) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) after MSC administration. The findings were compared with data obtained in 208 patients with UC and CD on standard anti-inflammatory therapy. All the patients were similar in demographic parameters, the duration of disease, the extent of intestinal injury, the nature of a course, the type and degree of disease. The analyzed groups did not include patients who had received therapy with anti-TNF-α drugs. The safety of therapy was evaluated from the presence of complications occurring during the follow-up. RESULTS By analyzing the unfavorable consequences in 103 patients with IBD and comparing them with treatment results in 208 patients with UC and CD on standard anti-inflammatory therapy, the authors revealed no differences in the development of acute posttransfusion reactions, infectious complications, exacerbations of chronic inflammatory diseases, severe infectious complications, malignant transformation, and fatal cases in patients with UC and CD, except for those with transient fever. CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that the innovative method of cell therapy is clinically safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Knyazev
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Parfenov
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - A G Konoplyannikov
- Medical Radiology Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia, Obninsk, Russia
| | - I N Ruchkina
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Churikova
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Bykova
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - E A Albulova
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - O N Boldyreva
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Fadeeva
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Lishchinskaya
- Moscow Clinical Research and Practical Center, Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
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Hu GW, Li Q, Niu X, Hu B, Liu J, Zhou SM, Guo SC, Lang HL, Zhang CQ, Wang Y, Deng ZF. Exosomes secreted by human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate limb ischemia by promoting angiogenesis in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:10. [PMID: 26268554 PMCID: PMC4533800 DOI: 10.1186/scrt546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction ‘Patient-specific’ induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are attractive because they can generate abundant cells without the risk of immune rejection for cell therapy. Studies have shown that iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) possess powerful proliferation, differentiation, and therapeutic effects. Recently, most studies indicate that stem cells exert their therapeutic effect mainly through a paracrine mechanism other than transdifferentiation, and exosomes have emerged as an important paracrine factor for stem cells to reprogram injured cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether exosomes derived from iMSCs (iMSCs-Exo) possess the ability to attenuate limb ischemia and promote angiogenesis after transplantation into limbs of mice with femoral artery excision. Methods Human iPSCs (iPS-S-01, C1P33, and PCKDSF001C1) were used to differentiate into iMSCs in a modified one-step method. iMSCs were characterized by flow cytometry and multipotent differentiation potential analysis. Ultrafiltration combined with a purification method was used to isolate iMSCs-Exo, and transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting were used to identify iMSCs-Exo. After establishment of mouse hind-limb ischemia with excision of femoral artery and iMSCs-Exo injection, blood perfusion was monitored at days 0, 7, 14, and 21; microvessel density in ischemic muscle was also analyzed. In vitro migration, proliferation, and tube formation experiments were used to analyze the ability of pro-angiogenesis in iMSCs-Exo, and quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to identify expression levels of angiogenesis-related molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after being cultured with iMSCs-Exo. Results iPSCs were efficiently induced into iMSC- with MSC-positive and -negative surface antigens and osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and chondrogenesis differentiation potential. iMSCs-Exo with a diameter of 57 ± 11 nm and expressed CD63, CD81, and CD9. Intramuscular injection of iMSCs-Exo markedly enhanced microvessel density and blood perfusion in mouse ischemic limbs, consistent with an attenuation of ischemic injury. In addition, iMSCs-Exo could activate angiogenesis-related molecule expression and promote HUVEC migration, proliferation, and tube formation. Conclusion Implanted iMSCs-Exo was able to protect limbs from ischemic injury via the promotion of angiogenesis, which indicated that iMSCs-Exo may be a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of ischemic diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/scrt546) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-wen Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China. .,Jiangxi Medical College of Nanchang University, 461 BaYi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Xin Niu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Bin Hu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Shu-min Zhou
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Shang-chun Guo
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Hai-li Lang
- Jiangxi Medical College of Nanchang University, 461 BaYi Avenue, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Chang-qing Zhang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Zhi-feng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Locatelli P, Olea FD, Hnatiuk A, De Lorenzi A, Cerdá M, Giménez CS, Sepúlveda D, Laguens R, Crottogini A. Mesenchymal stromal cells overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor in ovine myocardial infarction. Gene Ther 2015; 22:449-57. [PMID: 25789461 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2015.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are cardioprotective in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Besides, we have shown that intramyocardial injection of plasmid-VEGF(165) (pVEGF) in ovine AMI reduces infarct size and improves left ventricular (LV) function. We thus hypothesized that MSCs overexpressing VEGF(165) (MSCs-pVEGF) would afford greater cardioprotection than non-modified MSCs or pVEGF alone. Sheep underwent an anteroapical AMI and, 1 week later, received intramyocardial MSCs-pVEGF in the infarct border. One month post treatment, infarct size (magnetic resonance) decreased by 31% vs pre-treatment. Of note, myocardial salvage occurred predominantly at the subendocardium, the myocardial region displaying the largest contribution to systolic performance. Consistently, LV ejection fraction recovered to almost its baseline value because of marked decrease in end-systolic volume. None of these effects were observed in sheep receiving non-transfected MSCs or pVEGF. Although myocardial retention of MSCs decreased steeply over time, the treatment induced significant capillary and arteriolar proliferation, which reduced subendocardial fibrosis. We conclude that in ovine AMI, allogeneic VEGF-overexpressing MSCs induce subendocardial myocardium salvage through microvascular proliferation, reducing infarct size and improving LV function more than non-transfected MSCs or the naked plasmid. Importantly, the use of a plasmid rather than a virus allows for repeated treatments, likely needed in ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Locatelli
- Department of Physiology, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F D Olea
- Department of Physiology, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Hnatiuk
- Department of Physiology, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A De Lorenzi
- Favaloro Foundation University Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Cerdá
- Favaloro Foundation University Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C S Giménez
- Favaloro Foundation University Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D Sepúlveda
- Department of Pathology, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Laguens
- Department of Pathology, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Crottogini
- Department of Physiology, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ikhapoh IA, Pelham CJ, Agrawal DK. Sry-type HMG box 18 contributes to the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to endothelial cells. Differentiation 2015; 89:87-96. [PMID: 25913202 PMCID: PMC4479266 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have shown therapeutic potential to engraft and either differentiate into or support differentiation of vascular endothelial cells (EC), smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes in animal models of ischemic heart disease. Following intracoronary or transendocardial delivery of MSCs, however, only a small fraction of cells engraft and the majority of those persist as an immature cell phenotype. The goal of the current study was to decipher the molecular pathways and mechanisms that control MSC differentiation into ECs. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-165) treatment is known to enhance in vitro differentiation of MSCs into ECs. We tested the possible involvement of the Sry-type HMG box (Sox) family of transcription factors in this process. METHOD AND RESULTS MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of Yucatan microswine and underwent a 10 day differentiation protocol. VEGF-165 (50ng/ml) treatment of MSCs in vitro induced a significant increase in the protein expression of VEGFR-2, Sox9 and Sox18, in addition to the EC markers PECAM-1, VE-cadherin and vWF, as determined by Western blot or flow cytometry. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Sox18, as opposed to Sox9, in MSCs prevented VEGF-165-mediated induction of EC markers and capillary tube formation. Inhibition of VEGFR-2 signaling (SC-202850) reduced Sox18 and reduced VEGF-165-induced differentiation of MSCs to ECs. CONCLUSION Here we demonstrate that VEGF-165 mediates MSC differentiation into ECs via VEGFR-2-dependent induction of Sox18, which ultimately coordinates the transcriptional upregulation of specific markers of the EC phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izuagie Attairu Ikhapoh
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Christopher J Pelham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA; Center for Clinical and Translational Science Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA.
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37
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Johnstone SA, Liley M, Dalby MJ, Barnett SC. Comparison of human olfactory and skeletal MSCs using osteogenic nanotopography to demonstrate bone-specific bioactivity of the surfaces. Acta Biomater 2015; 13:266-76. [PMID: 25463488 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently we identified a novel population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human olfactory mucosa (OM-MSCs), a tissue which promotes neurogenesis throughout life, and demonstrated that they promoted CNS myelination to a greater extent than bone marrow-derived (BM)-MSCs. Previous data demonstrated that nanotopographies with a degree of disorder induce BM-MSC osteogenic differentiation. Thus, using biomaterials as non-chemical tools, we investigated if MSCs from a completely different cellular niche could be induced to differentiate similarly to nanoscale cues alone. Both MSCs differentiated into bone when cultured on nanotopographically embossed polycaprolactone (PCL) with a disordered pattern and heights but not on a "smooth" non-embossed PCL control substrate, but OM-MSC changes were at lower expression levels. Both MSCs showed similar increases in differentiation markers at the protein and mRNA level when plated on the two patterned surfaces. Thus, topographical cues from substrates with disordered patterns can up-regulate several MSC resident genes in both BM-MSCs and OM-MSCs. Moreover, antibody purified BM-MSCs had similar properties to non-purified BM-MSCs. These data suggest that MSCs from a neural cellular niche express similar bone-induced cues to BM-MSCs, suggesting that MSCs that inherently support nervous tissue can differentiate along the bone lineage in a similar manner to MSCs from a skeletal environment.
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Therapeutic application of adipose derived stem cells in acute myocardial infarction: lessons from animal models. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2014; 10:389-98. [PMID: 24577790 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The majority of patients survive an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Their outcome is negatively influenced by post-AMI events, such as loss of viable cardiomyocytes due to a post-AMI inflammatory response, eventually resulting in heart failure and/or death. Recent pre-clinical animal studies indicate that mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ASC) are new promising candidates that may facilitate cardiovascular regeneration in the infarcted myocardium. In this review we have compared all animal studies in which ASC were used as a therapy post-AMI and have focused on aspects that might be important for future successful clinical application of ASC.
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Goichberg P, Chang J, Liao R, Leri A. Cardiac stem cells: biology and clinical applications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2002-17. [PMID: 24597850 PMCID: PMC4208604 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.5875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Heart disease is the primary cause of death in the industrialized world. Cardiac failure is dictated by an uncompensated reduction in the number of viable and fully functional cardiomyocytes. While current pharmacological therapies alleviate the symptoms associated with cardiac deterioration, heart transplantation remains the only therapy for advanced heart failure. Therefore, there is a pressing need for novel therapeutic modalities. Cell-based therapies involving cardiac stem cells (CSCs) constitute a promising emerging approach for the replenishment of the lost tissue and the restoration of cardiac contractility. RECENT ADVANCES CSCs reside in the adult heart and govern myocardial homeostasis and repair after injury by producing new cardiomyocytes and vascular structures. In the last decade, different classes of immature cells expressing distinct stem cell markers have been identified and characterized in terms of their growth properties, differentiation potential, and regenerative ability. Phase I clinical trials, employing autologous CSCs in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, are being completed with encouraging results. CRITICAL ISSUES Accumulating evidence concerning the role of CSCs in heart regeneration imposes a reconsideration of the mechanisms of cardiac aging and the etiology of heart failure. Deciphering the molecular pathways that prevent activation of CSCs in their environment and understanding the processes that affect CSC survival and regenerative function with cardiac pathologies, commonly accompanied by alterations in redox conditions, are of great clinical importance. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Further investigations of CSC biology may be translated into highly effective and novel therapeutic strategies aiming at the enhancement of the endogenous healing capacity of the diseased heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Goichberg
- Departments of Anesthesia and Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts
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Sharp TE, George JC. Stem cell therapy and breast cancer treatment: review of stem cell research and potential therapeutic impact against cardiotoxicities due to breast cancer treatment. Front Oncol 2014; 4:299. [PMID: 25405100 PMCID: PMC4217360 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new problem has emerged with the ever-increasing number of breast cancer survivors. While early screening and advances in treatment have allowed these patients to overcome their cancer, these treatments often have adverse cardiovascular side effects that can produce abnormal cardiovascular function. Chemotherapeutic and radiation therapy have both been linked to cardiotoxicity; these therapeutics can cause a loss of cardiac muscle and deterioration of vascular structure that can eventually lead to heart failure (HF). This cardiomyocyte toxicity can leave the breast cancer survivor with a probable diagnosis of dilated or restrictive cardiomyopathy (DCM or RCM). While current HF standard of care can alleviate symptoms, other than heart transplantation, there is no therapy that replaces cardiac myocytes that are killed during cancer therapies. There is a need to develop novel therapeutics that can either prevent or reverse the cardiac injury caused by cancer therapeutics. These new therapeutics should promote the regeneration of lost or deteriorating myocardium. Over the last several decades, the therapeutic potential of cell-based therapy has been investigated for HF patients. In this review, we discuss the progress of pre-clinical and clinical stem cell research for the diseased heart and discuss the possibility of utilizing these novel therapies to combat cardiotoxicity observed in breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Sharp
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Jon C George
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA ; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Temple University Hospital , Philadelphia, PA , USA
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41
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Jasmin, Jelicks LA, Tanowitz HB, Peters VM, Mendez-Otero R, de Carvalho ACC, Spray DC. Molecular imaging, biodistribution and efficacy of mesenchymal bone marrow cell therapy in a mouse model of Chagas disease. Microbes Infect 2014; 16:923-935. [PMID: 25218054 PMCID: PMC4360918 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chagasic cardiomyopathy, resulting from infection with the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, was discovered more than a century ago and remains an incurable disease. Due to the unique properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) we hypothesized that these cells could have therapeutic potential for chagasic cardiomyopathy. Recently, our group pioneered use of nanoparticle-labeled MSC to correlate migration with its effect in an acute Chagas disease model. We expanded our investigation into a chronic model and performed more comprehensive assays. Infected mice were treated with nanoparticle-labeled MSC and their migration was correlated with alterations in heart morphology, metalloproteinase activity, and expression of several proteins. The vast majority of labeled MSC migrated to liver, lungs and spleen whereas a small number of cells migrated to chagasic hearts. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated that MSC therapy reduced heart dilatation. Additionally metalloproteinase activity was higher in heart and other organs of infected mice. Protein expression analyses revealed that connexin 43, laminin γ1, IL-10 and INF-γ were affected by the disease and recovered after cell therapy. Interestingly, MSC therapy led to upregulation of SDF-1 and c-kit in the hearts. The beneficial effect of MSC therapy in Chagas disease is likely due to an indirect action of the cells of the heart, rather than the incorporation of large numbers of stem cells into working myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Linda A Jelicks
- Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Herbert B Tanowitz
- Dept. of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Vera Maria Peters
- Centro de Biologia da Reprodução, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Campos de Carvalho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - David C Spray
- Dept. of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
- Dept. of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY, USA
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Rosen MR, Myerburg RJ, Francis DP, Cole GD, Marbán E. Translating stem cell research to cardiac disease therapies: pitfalls and prospects for improvement. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64:922-37. [PMID: 25169179 PMCID: PMC4209166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.06.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 2 decades, there have been numerous stem cell studies focused on cardiac diseases, ranging from proof-of-concept to phase 2 trials. This series of papers focuses on the legacy of these studies and the outlook for future treatment of cardiac diseases with stem cell therapies. The first section by Drs. Rosen and Myerburg is an independent review that analyzes the basic science and translational strategies supporting the rapid advance of stem cell technology to the clinic, the philosophies behind them, trial designs, and means for going forward that may impact favorably on progress. The second and third sections were collected as responses to the initial section of this review. The commentary by Drs. Francis and Cole discusses the review by Drs. Rosen and Myerburg and details how trial outcomes can be affected by noise, poor trial design (particularly the absence of blinding), and normal human tendencies toward optimism and denial. The final, independent paper by Dr. Marbán takes a different perspective concerning the potential for positive impact of stem cell research applied to heart disease and future prospects for its clinical application. (Compiled by the JACC editors).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Rosen
- Departments of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
| | - Robert J Myerburg
- Division of Cardiology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Darrel P Francis
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Graham D Cole
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Da Silva JS, Hare JM. Cell-based therapies for myocardial repair: emerging role for bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of the chronically injured heart. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1037:145-63. [PMID: 24029934 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-505-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating data support the use of bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs in animal models (e.g., swine) to restore cardiac function and tissue perfusion in chronic cardiac injury. Based on results obtained in swine, we are currently conducting phase I/II clinical trials to address the safety, cell type, cell dose, delivery technique, and efficacy of MSCs in patients with chronic heart failure. MSCs for these trials are isolated from harvested BM and then processed and expanded for intracardiac injection. The BM-MSCs in use for the clinical trials are of clinical grade having been processed successfully in an FDA-approved cGMP facility.
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Marbán E. Breakthroughs in cell therapy for heart disease: focus on cardiosphere-derived cells. Mayo Clin Proc 2014; 89:850-8. [PMID: 24943699 PMCID: PMC4122123 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The clinical reality of cell therapy for heart disease dates back to the 1990 s, when autologous skeletal myoblasts were first transplanted into failing hearts during open-chest surgery. Since then, the focus has shifted to bone marrow-derived cells and, more recently, cells extracted from the heart itself. Although progress has been nonlinear and often disheartening, the field has nevertheless made remarkable progress. Six major breakthroughs are notable: (1) the establishment of safety with intracoronary delivery; (2) the finding that therapeutic regeneration is possible; (3) the increase in allogeneic cell therapy; (4) the effect of increasing mechanistic insights; (5) glimmers of clinical efficacy; and (6) the progression to phase 2 and 3 studies. This article individually reviews these landmark developments in detail and concludes that the field has reached a new phase of maturity where the prospect of clinical impact is increasingly imminent.
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Abstract
In the last decade, cell replacement therapy has emerged as a potential approach to treat patients suffering from myocardial infarction (MI). The transplantation or local stimulation of progenitor cells with the ability to form new cardiac tissue provides a novel strategy to overcome the massive loss of myocardium after MI. In this regard the epicardium, the outer layer of the heart, is a tractable local progenitor cell population for therapeutic pursuit. The epicardium has a crucial role in formation of the embryonic heart. After activation and migration into the developing myocardium, epicardial cells differentiate into several cardiac cells types. Additionally, the epicardium provides instructive signals for the growth of the myocardium and coronary angiogenesis. In the adult heart, the epicardium is quiescent, but recent evidence suggests that it becomes reactivated upon damage and recapitulates at least part of its embryonic functions. In this review we provide an update on the current knowledge regarding the contribution of epicardial cells to the adult mammalian heart during the injury response.
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Cigognini D, Lomas A, Kumar P, Satyam A, English A, Azeem A, Pandit A, Zeugolis D. Engineering in vitro microenvironments for cell based therapies and drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2013; 18:1099-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Spangenberg L, Correa A, Dallagiovanna B, Naya H. Role of alternative polyadenylation during adipogenic differentiation: an in silico approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75578. [PMID: 24143171 PMCID: PMC3797115 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-transcriptional regulation of stem cell differentiation is far from being completely understood. Changes in protein levels are not fully correlated with corresponding changes in mRNAs; the observed differences might be partially explained by post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms, such as alternative polyadenylation. This would involve changes in protein binding, transcript usage, miRNAs and other non-coding RNAs. In the present work we analyzed the distribution of alternative transcripts during adipogenic differentiation and the potential role of miRNAs in post-transcriptional regulation. Our in silico analysis suggests a modest, consistent, bias in 3'UTR lengths during differentiation enabling a fine-tuned transcript regulation via small non-coding RNAs. Including these effects in the analyses partially accounts for the observed discrepancies in relative abundance of protein and mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Spangenberg
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alejandro Correa
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fiocruz-Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Hugo Naya
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Pasturas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República
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Raveh-Amit H, Berzsenyi S, Vas V, Ye D, Dinnyes A. Tissue resident stem cells: till death do us part. Biogerontology 2013; 14:573-90. [PMID: 24085521 PMCID: PMC3879821 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-013-9469-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by reduced regenerative capacity of all tissues and organs and dysfunction of adult stem cells. Notably, these age-related alterations contribute to distinct pathophysiological characteristics depending on the tissue of origin and function and thus require special attention in a type by type manner. In this paper, we review the current understanding of the mechanisms leading to tissue-specific adult stem cell dysfunction and reduced regenerative capacity with age. A comprehensive investigation of the hematopoietic, the neural, the mesenchymal, and the skeletal stem cells in age-related research highlights that distinct mechanisms are associated with the different types of tissue stem cells. The link between age-related stem cell dysfunction and human pathologies is discussed along with the challenges and the future perspectives in stem cell-based therapies in age-related diseases.
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The use of scaffold-free cell sheet technique to refine mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapy for heart failure. Mol Ther 2013; 21:860-7. [PMID: 23358187 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2013.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is an emerging treatment for heart failure based on their secretion-mediated "paracrine effects". Feasibility of the scaffoldless cell sheet technique to enhance the outcome of cell transplantation has been reported using other cell types, though the mechanism underpinning the enhancement remains uncertain. We here investigated the role of this innovative technique to amplify the effects of MSC transplantation with a focus on the underlying factors. After coronary artery ligation in rats, syngeneic MSCs were grafted by either epicardial placement of MSC sheets generated using temperature-responsive dishes or intramyocardial (IM) injection. Markedly increased initial retention boosted the presence of donor MSCs persistently after MSC sheet placement although the donor survival was not improved. Most of the MSCs grafted by the cell sheet technique remained resided on the epicardial surface, but the epicardium quickly regressed and new vessels sprouted into the sheets, assuring the permeation of paracrine mediators from MSCs into the host myocardium. In fact, there was augmented upregulation of various paracrine effect-related genes and signaling pathways in the early phase after MSC sheet therapy. Correspondingly, more extensive paracrine effects and resultant cardiac function recovery were achieved by MSC sheet therapy. Further development of this approach towards clinical application is encouraged.
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Peng Y, Huang S, Cheng B, Nie X, Enhe J, Feng C, Fu X. Mesenchymal stem cells: a revolution in therapeutic strategies of age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2013; 12:103-15. [PMID: 22569401 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The great evolutionary biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky once said: "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution". Aging is a complex biological phenomenon and the factors governing the process of aging and age-related diseases are only beginning to be understood, oxidative stress, telomere shortening in DNA components and genetic changes were shown to be the mainly regulating mechanisms during the recent decades. Although a considerable amount of both animal and clinical data that demonstrate the extensive and safe use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is available, the precise summarization and identification of MSCs in age-related diseases remains a challenge. Along this line, this review discussed several typical age-related diseases for which MSCs have been proved to confer protection and put forward a hypothesis for the association among MSCs and age-related diseases from an evolutionary perspective. Above all, we hope further and more research efforts could be aroused to elucidate the role and mechanisms that MSCs involved in the age-related diseases.
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