1
|
Liu W, Deng C, Godoy-Parejo C, Zhang Y, Chen G. Developments in cell culture systems for human pluripotent stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:968-981. [PMID: 31768223 PMCID: PMC6851012 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i11.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are important resources for cell-based therapies and pharmaceutical applications. In order to realize the potential of hPSCs, it is critical to develop suitable technologies required for specific applications. Most hPSC technologies depend on cell culture, and are critically influenced by culture medium composition, extracellular matrices, handling methods, and culture platforms. This review summarizes the major technological advances in hPSC culture, and highlights the opportunities and challenges in future therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Bioimaging and Stem Cell Core Facility, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Chunhao Deng
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Carlos Godoy-Parejo
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Guokai Chen
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pillai VV, Siqueira LG, Das M, Kei TG, Tu LN, Herren AW, Phinney BS, Cheong SH, Hansen PJ, Selvaraj V. Physiological profile of undifferentiated bovine blastocyst-derived trophoblasts. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio037937. [PMID: 30952696 PMCID: PMC6550082 DOI: 10.1242/bio.037937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Trophectoderm of blastocysts mediate early events in fetal-maternal communication, enabling implantation and establishment of a functional placenta. Inadequate or impaired developmental events linked to trophoblasts directly impact early embryo survival and successful implantation during a crucial period that corresponds with high incidence of pregnancy losses in dairy cows. As yet, the molecular basis of bovine trophectoderm development and signaling towards initiation of implantation remains poorly understood. In this study, we developed methods for culturing undifferentiated bovine blastocyst-derived trophoblasts and used both transcriptomics and proteomics in early colonies to categorize and elucidate their functional characteristics. A total of 9270 transcripts and 1418 proteins were identified and analyzed based on absolute abundance. We profiled an extensive list of growth factors, cytokines and other relevant factors that can effectively influence paracrine communication in the uterine microenvironment. Functional categorization and analysis revealed novel information on structural organization, extracellular matrix composition, cell junction and adhesion components, transcription networks, and metabolic preferences. Our data showcase the fundamental physiology of bovine trophectoderm and indicate hallmarks of the self-renewing undifferentiated state akin to trophoblast stem cells described in other species. Functional features uncovered are essential for understanding early events in bovine pregnancy towards initiation of implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viju Vijayan Pillai
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Luiz G Siqueira
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36038-330, Brazil
| | - Moubani Das
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Tiffany G Kei
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Lan N Tu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Anthony W Herren
- Genome Center, Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Brett S Phinney
- Genome Center, Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Soon Hon Cheong
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Vimal Selvaraj
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang G, Spassieva SD, Bieberich E. Ceramide and S1P Signaling in Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1697:153-171. [PMID: 28540559 PMCID: PMC5815858 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2017_43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive sphingolipids are important regulators for stem cell survival and differentiation. Most recently, we have coined the term "morphogenetic lipids" for sphingolipids that regulate stem cells during embryonic and postnatal development. The sphingolipid ceramide and its derivative, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), can act synergistically as well as antagonistically on embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation. We show here simple as well as state-of-the-art methods to analyze sphingolipids in differentiating ES cells and discuss new protocols to use ceramide and S1P analogs for the guided differentiation of mouse ES cells toward neuronal and glial lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanghu Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Stefka D Spassieva
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Medical Health Sciences Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Erhard Bieberich
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street Room CA4012, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The States of Pluripotency: Pluripotent Lineage Development in the Embryo and in the Dish. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/208067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The pluripotent cell lineage of the embryo comprises a series of temporally and functionally distinct intermediary cell states, the epiblast precursor cell of the newly formed blastocyst, the epiblast population of the inner cell mass, and the early and late epiblast of the postimplantation embryo, referred to here as early and late primitive ectoderm. Pluripotent cell populations representative of the embryonic populations can be formed in culture. Although multiple pluripotent cell states are now recognised, little is known about the signals and pathways that progress cells from the epiblast precursor cell to the late primitive ectoderm in the embryo or in culture. The characterisation of cell states is most advanced in mouse where conditions for culturing distinct pluripotent cell states are well established and embryonic material is accessible. This review will focus on the pluripotent cell states present during embryonic development in the mouse and what is known of the mechanisms that regulate the progression of the lineage from the epiblast precursor cell and the ground state of pluripotency to the late primitive ectoderm present immediately prior to cell differentiation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen K, Hsu LT, Wu CY, Chang SY, Huang HT, Chen W. CBARA1 plays a role in stemness and proliferation of human embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63653. [PMID: 23667653 PMCID: PMC3648555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are capable of unlimited self-renewal and can generate almost all of the cells in the body. Although some pluripotency factors have been identified, much remains unclear regarding the molecules and mechanisms that regulate hESC self-renewal and pluripotency. In this study, we identified a mitochondrial gene, CBARA1, that is expressed in undifferentiated hESCs and that is down-regulated rapidly after cellular differentiation. To study its role in hESCs, endogenous CBARA1 expression was knocked down using shRNA. CBARA1 knockdown in hESCs resulted in down-regulation of Oct4 and Nanog expression, attenuated cell growth, and G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest; however, knockdown did not noticeably affect apoptosis. Taken together, these results suggest that CBARA1 is a marker for undifferentiated hESCs that plays a role in maintaining stemness, cell cycle progression, and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Chen
- Department of Tissue Regeneration Product Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Technology and Device Research, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|