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Hirata T, Harada Y, Hirosawa KM, Tokoro Y, Suzuki KG, Kizuka Y. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V)-enriched small extracellular vesicles mediate N-glycan remodeling in recipient cells. iScience 2022; 26:105747. [PMID: 36590176 PMCID: PMC9794981 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) secreted from cancer cells play pivotal roles in cancer metastasis and malignancy by transferring biomolecules and conditioning future metastatic sites. Studies have elucidated structures and functions of glycans on sEVs; however, whether sEVs remodel glycans in recipient cells remains poorly understood. Here, we examined the enzyme activity of glycosyltransferases for complex N-glycan biosynthesis in cancer-derived sEVs and discovered that cancer-related glycosyltransferase, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V, a.k.a. MGAT5), is selectively enriched in sEVs among various glycosyltransferases. GnT-V in sEVs is a cleaved form, and cleavage by SPPL3 protease is necessary for loading GnT-V in sEVs. Fractionation experiments and single-particle imaging further revealed that GnT-V was enriched in non-exosomal sEVs. Strikingly, we found that enzymatically active GnT-V in sEVs was transferred to recipient cells and the N-glycan structures of recipient cells were remodeled to express GnT-V-produced glycans. Our results suggest GnT-V-enriched sEVs' role in glycan remodeling in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hirata
- Laboratory of Glyco-biochemistry, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Harada
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Koichiro M. Hirosawa
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yuko Tokoro
- Laboratory of Glyco-biochemistry, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kenichi G.N. Suzuki
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Laboratory of Glyco-biochemistry, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan,Corresponding author
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Shedding of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V is regulated by maturity of cellular N-glycan. Commun Biol 2022; 5:743. [PMID: 35915223 PMCID: PMC9343384 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of N-glycan branches on glycoproteins is closely related to the development and aggravation of various diseases. Dysregulated formation of the branch produced by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V, also called as MGAT5) promotes cancer growth and malignancy. However, it is largely unknown how the activity of GnT-V in cells is regulated. Here, we discover that the activity of GnT-V in cells is selectively upregulated by changing cellular N-glycans from mature to immature forms. Our glycomic analysis further shows that loss of terminal modifications of N-glycans resulted in an increase in the amount of the GnT-V-produced branch. Mechanistically, shedding (cleavage and extracellular secretion) of GnT-V mediated by signal peptide peptidase-like 3 (SPPL3) protease is greatly inhibited by blocking maturation of cellular N-glycans, resulting in an increased level of GnT-V protein in cells. Alteration of cellular N-glycans hardly impairs expression or localization of SPPL3; instead, SPPL3-mediated shedding of GnT-V is shown to be regulated by N-glycans on GnT-V, suggesting that the level of GnT-V cleavage is regulated by its own N-glycan structures. These findings shed light on a mechanism of secretion-based regulation of GnT-V activity. Cleavage of the glycan-branching enzyme N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V) by signal peptide peptidase-like 3 (SPPL3) protease and extracellular secretion of active glycan GnT-V depend on GnT-V’s own glycosylation state.
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Yang N, Li L, He H, Guo X, Yuan X, Li Z, Wang W, Qin B, Du X, Zhang X, Chen S, Lin H. Positive association of serum FUT8 activity with renal tubulointerstitial injury in IgA nephropathy patients. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e686. [PMID: 36039648 PMCID: PMC9425009 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-1,6 Fucosyltransferase (FUT8) appears to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. However, it remained unknown whether FUT8 also contributed to renal fibrosis in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). In the present study, we explored the association of serum FUT8 activity with renal tubulointerstitial injury in IgAN patients. METHODS Serum FUT8 activity was measured in 135 IgAN patients and 68 healthy controls from January 2016 to December 2018. The relationships of serum FUT8 activity with clinical and pathological features were analyzed. RESULTS Relative to healthy controls, IgAN patients had significantly higher serum FUT8 activity and upregulation of renal FUT8 protein (p < .05). Among IgAN patients, there was a positive correlation of serum FUT8 activity with renal FUT8 protein expression (p < .05). Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that serum FUT8 activity was significantly associated with serum creatinine and eGFR (p < .05). Based on a cut-off value determined from ROC curve analysis, we divided IgAN patients into a low serum FUT8 activity group (≤12.2 pmol/h/mL, n = 40) and a high serum FUT8 activity group (>12.2 pmol/h/ml, n = 95). The high serum FUT8 activity group had a higher Oxford T score, increased inflammatory cell infiltration, more severe fibrosis and poor renal function (p < .05). CONCLUSION Serum FUT8 activity was positive association with renal tubulointerstitial injury in IgAN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Long‐kai Li
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Hui He
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xia‐nan Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xue‐feng Yuan
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Zhi‐tong Li
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Wei‐dong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Biao‐jie Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xiang‐ning Du
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Shu‐ni Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Hong‐li Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Liaoning Translational Medicine Center of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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Involvement of the α-helical and Src homology 3 domains in the molecular assembly and enzymatic activity of human α1,6-fucosyltransferase, FUT8. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129596. [PMID: 32147455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous structural analyses showed that human α1,6-fucosyltransferase, FUT8 contains a catalytic domain along with two additional domains, N-terminal α-helical domain and C-terminal Src homology 3 domain, but these domains are unique to FUT8 among glycosyltransferases. The role that these domains play in formation of the active form of FUT8 has not been investigated. This study reports on attempts to determine the involvement of these domains in the functions of FUT8. METHODS Based on molecular modeling, the domain mutants were constructed by truncation and site-directed mutagenesis, and were heterologously expressed in Sf21 or COS-1 cells. The mutants were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and assayed for enzymatic activity. In vivo cross-linking experiments by introducing disulfide bonds were also carried out to examine the orientation of the domains in the molecular assembly. RESULTS Mutagenesis and molecular modeling findings suggest that human FUT8 potentially forms homodimer in vivo via intermolecular hydrophobic interactions involving α-helical domains. Truncation or site-directed mutagenesis findings indicated that α-helical and SH3 domains are all required for enzymatic activity. In addition, in vivo cross-linking experiments clearly indicated that the SH3 domain located in close proximity to the α-helical domain in an intermolecular manner. CONCLUSIONS α-Helical and SH3 domains are required for a fully active enzyme, and are also involved in homophilic dimerization, which probably results in the formation of the active form of human FUT8. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE α-Helical and SH3 domains, which are not commonly found in glycosyltransferases, play roles in the formation of the functional quaternary structure of human FUT8.
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Okada T, Ihara H, Ikeda Y. Characterization of MiFUT11 from Mangifera indica L.: A functional core α1,3-fucosyltransferase potentially involved in the biosynthesis of immunogenic carbohydrates in mango fruit. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 165:112050. [PMID: 31252202 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, asparagine-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans) in glycoproteins carry unique carbohydrate epitopes, namely, a core α1,3-fucose and/or a β1,2-xylose, which are common determinants responsible for the cross-reactivity of plant glycoproteins due to their strong immunogenicity. While these determinants and the relevant genes have been well characterized for herbaceous plants, information concerning whether many food plants cross-react with airborne pollens is not available. In this paper, we report on the characterization of a novel core α1,3-fucosyltransferase gene identified from Mangifera indica L., one of the major plants potentially related to food allergy. Based on sequence information of plant homologues, we amplified a candidate cDNA (MiFUT11) from pericarp tissue. An in vitro assay demonstrated that the recombinant MiFUT11 protein transfers a fucose unit onto both non-fucosylated and core α1,6-fucosylated oligosaccharides. A glycoform analysis using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry showed that the introduction of the MiFUT11 cDNA increased the production of a core α1,3- and α1,6-fucosylated pauci-mannosidic oligosaccharide in Spodoptera Sf21 cells. Our findings suggest that MiFUT11 is a functional core α1,3-fucosyltransferase gene that is involved in the assembly of cross-reactive N-glycans in mango fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Okada
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Ihara
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
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Kizuka Y, Nakano M, Yamaguchi Y, Nakajima K, Oka R, Sato K, Ren CT, Hsu TL, Wong CH, Taniguchi N. An Alkynyl-Fucose Halts Hepatoma Cell Migration and Invasion by Inhibiting GDP-Fucose-Synthesizing Enzyme FX, TSTA3. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:1467-1478.e5. [PMID: 29033318 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fucosylation is a glycan modification critically involved in cancer and inflammation. Although potent fucosylation inhibitors are useful for basic and clinical research, only a few inhibitors have been developed. Here, we focus on a fucose analog with an alkyne group, 6-alkynyl-fucose (6-Alk-Fuc), which is used widely as a detection probe for fucosylated glycans, but is also suggested for use as a fucosylation inhibitor. Our glycan analysis using lectin and mass spectrometry demonstrated that 6-Alk-Fuc is a potent and general inhibitor of cellular fucosylation, with much higher potency than the existing inhibitor, 2-fluoro-fucose (2-F-Fuc). The action mechanism was shown to deplete cellular GDP-Fuc, and the direct target of 6-Alk-Fuc is FX (encoded by TSTA3), the bifunctional GDP-Fuc synthase. We also show that 6-Alk-Fuc halts hepatoma invasion. These results highlight the unappreciated role of 6-Alk-Fuc as a fucosylation inhibitor and its potential use for basic and clinical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Disease Glycomics Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Miyako Nakano
- Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakajima
- Division of Clinical Research Promotion and Support, Center for Research Promotion, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Oka
- Disease Glycomics Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Keiko Sato
- Disease Glycomics Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chien-Tai Ren
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Ling Hsu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Disease Glycomics Team, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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Ihara H, Okada T, Ikeda Y. Cloning, expression and characterization of Bombyx mori α1,6-fucosyltransferase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:953-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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