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Rhee SJ, Shin D, Shin D, Song Y, Joo EJ, Jung HY, Roh S, Lee SH, Kim H, Bang M, Lee KY, Lee J, Kim J, Kim Y, Kim Y, Ahn YM. Network analysis of plasma proteomes in affective disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:195. [PMID: 37296094 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02485-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The conventional differentiation of affective disorders into major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) has insufficient biological evidence. Utilizing multiple proteins quantified in plasma may provide critical insight into these limitations. In this study, the plasma proteomes of 299 patients with MDD or BD (aged 19-65 years old) were quantified using multiple reaction monitoring. Based on 420 protein expression levels, a weighted correlation network analysis was performed. Significant clinical traits with protein modules were determined using correlation analysis. Top hub proteins were determined using intermodular connectivity, and significant functional pathways were identified. Weighted correlation network analysis revealed six protein modules. The eigenprotein of a protein module with 68 proteins, including complement components as hub proteins, was associated with the total Childhood Trauma Questionnaire score (r = -0.15, p = 0.009). Another eigenprotein of a protein module of 100 proteins, including apolipoproteins as hub proteins, was associated with the overeating item of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (r = 0.16, p = 0.006). Functional analysis revealed immune responses and lipid metabolism as significant pathways for each module, respectively. No significant protein module was associated with the differentiation between MDD and BD. In conclusion, childhood trauma and overeating symptoms were significantly associated with plasma protein networks and should be considered important endophenotypes in affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jin Rhee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyoon Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Daun Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoojin Song
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Joo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yeon Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Roh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Hospital and Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Bang
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Nowon Eulji University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaenyeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongshin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Min Ahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lorvellec M, Chouquet A, Koch J, Bally I, Signor L, Vigne J, Dalonneau F, Thielens NM, Rabilloud T, Dalzon B, Rossi V, Gaboriaud C. HMGB1 cleavage by complement C1s and its potent anti-inflammatory product. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1151731. [PMID: 37180096 PMCID: PMC10169756 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1151731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement C1s association with the pathogenesis of several diseases cannot be simply explained only by considering its main role in activating the classical complement pathway. This suggests that non-canonical functions are to be deciphered for this protease. Here the focus is on C1s cleavage of HMGB1 as an auxiliary target. HMGB1 is a chromatin non-histone nuclear protein, which exerts in fact multiple functions depending on its location and its post-translational modifications. In the extracellular compartment, HMGB1 can amplify immune and inflammatory responses to danger associated molecular patterns, in health and disease. Among possible regulatory mechanisms, proteolytic processing could be highly relevant for HMGB1 functional modulation. The unique properties of HMGB1 cleavage by C1s are analyzed in details. For example, C1s cannot cleave the HMGB1 A-box fragment, which has been described in the literature as an inhibitor/antagonist of HMGB1. By mass spectrometry, C1s cleavage was experimentally identified to occur after lysine on position 65, 128 and 172 in HMGB1. Compared to previously identified C1s cleavage sites, the ones identified here are uncommon, and their analysis suggests that local conformational changes are required before cleavage at certain positions. This is in line with the observation that HMGB1 cleavage by C1s is far slower when compared to human neutrophil elastase. Recombinant expression of cleavage fragments and site-directed mutagenesis were used to confirm these results and to explore how the output of C1s cleavage on HMGB1 is finely modulated by the molecular environment. Furthermore, knowing the antagonist effect of the isolated recombinant A-box subdomain in several pathophysiological contexts, we wondered if C1s cleavage could generate natural antagonist fragments. As a functional readout, IL-6 secretion following moderate LPS activation of RAW264.7 macrophage was investigated, using LPS alone or in complex with HMGB1 or some recombinant fragments. This study revealed that a N-terminal fragment released by C1s cleavage bears stronger antagonist properties as compared to the A-box, which was not expected. We discuss how this fragment could provide a potent brake for the inflammatory process, opening the way to dampen inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lorvellec
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Chouquet
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Jonas Koch
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Bally
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Luca Signor
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Jeanne Vigne
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Dalonneau
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicole M. Thielens
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Rabilloud
- Chemistry and Biology of Metals, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5249, CEA, IRIG-LCBM, Grenoble, France
| | - Bastien Dalzon
- Chemistry and Biology of Metals, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5249, CEA, IRIG-LCBM, Grenoble, France
| | - Véronique Rossi
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Gaboriaud
- Institute of Structural Biology (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble, France
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3
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Amberger A, Pertoll J, Traunfellner P, Kapferer-Seebacher I, Stoiber H, Klimaschewski L, Thielens N, Gaboriaud C, Zschocke J. Degradation of collagen I by activated C1s in periodontal Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1157421. [PMID: 36960056 PMCID: PMC10028100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1157421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (pEDS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by early-onset periodontitis leading to premature loss of teeth, lack of attached gingiva and thin and fragile gums leading to gingival recession. Connective tissue abnormalities of pEDS typically include easy bruising, pretibial plaques, distal joint hypermobility, hoarse voice, and less commonly manifestations such as organ or vessel rupture. pEDS is caused by heterozygous missense mutations in C1R and C1S genes of the classical complement C1 complex. Previously we showed that pEDS pathogenic variants trigger intracellular activation of C1r and/or C1s, leading to extracellular presence of activated C1s. However, the molecular link relating activated C1r and C1s proteases to the dysregulated connective tissue homeostasis in pEDS is unknown. Using cell- and molecular-biological assays, we identified activated C1s (aC1s) as an enzyme which degrades collagen I in cell culture and in in vitro assays. Matrix collagen turnover in cell culture was assessed using labelled hybridizing peptides, which revealed fast and comprehensive collagen protein remodeling in patient fibroblasts. Furthermore, collagen I was completely degraded by aC1s when assays were performed at 40°C, indicating that even moderate elevated temperature has a tremendous impact on collagen I integrity. This high turnover is expected to interfere with the formation of a stable ECM and result in tissues with loose compaction a hallmark of the EDS phenotype. Our results indicate that pathogenesis in pEDS is not solely mediated by activation of the complement cascade but by inadequate C1s-mediated degradation of matrix proteins, confirming pEDS as a primary connective tissue disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Amberger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Med. Univ. Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- *Correspondence: Albert Amberger, ; Johannes Zschocke,
| | - Johanna Pertoll
- Institute of Human Genetics, Med. Univ. Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pia Traunfellner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Med. Univ. Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ines Kapferer-Seebacher
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Med. Univ. Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Nicole Thielens
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Gaboriaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France
| | - Johannes Zschocke
- Institute of Human Genetics, Med. Univ. Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- *Correspondence: Albert Amberger, ; Johannes Zschocke,
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4
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Ye J, Xu J, Zhang C, Zhu L, Xia S. Quantitative fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based immunoassay for activated complement C1s. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1081793. [PMID: 36761732 PMCID: PMC9904206 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1081793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives C1s activation is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, indicating the potential value of C1s activation detection in clinic. Here we aimed to establish fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based immunoassay for the quantitative detection of activated C1s in serum. Methods FRET-based fluorogenic peptides, sensitive to the enzymatic activity of activated C1s, were prepared and labeled with the fluorophore ortho-aminobenzoic acid (Abz) and quencher 2,4-dinitrophenyl (Dnp), and then were further selected depending on its Kcat/Km value. C1s in the samples was captured and separated using anti-C1s-conjugated magnetic microbeads. Next, enzymatic activity of activated C1s in samples and standards was examined using fluorescent quenched substrate assays. Limit of detection (LOD), accuracy, precision, and specificity of FRET-based immunoassay were also investigated. Results This method presented a linear quantification range for the enzymatic activity of activated C1s up to 10 μmol min-1 mL-1 and LOD of 0.096 μmol·min-1·mL-1 for serum samples. The recovery of the method was in the range of 90% ~ 110%. All CV values of the intra-analysis and inter-analysis of three levels in samples were less than 10%. The cross-reaction rates with C1r enzyme, MASP1, and MASP2 were less than 0.5%. No significant interferences were found with bilirubin (0.2 mg mL-1), Chyle (2000 FTU), and haemoglobin (5 mg mL-1), but anticoagulants (EDTA, citrate and heparin) inhibited the enzymatic ability of activated C1s. Thus, this established method can be used for the determination of active C1s in human serum samples in the concentration interval of 0.096-10.000 μmol min-1 mL-1. Conclusions One anti-C1s-based FRET immunoassay for activated C1s detection in serum samples were established, and it will be useful to explore the role of C1s activation in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment in complement-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ye
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.,The Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Xu
- The Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanmeng Zhang
- The Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- The Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Xia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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5
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Riera-Ferrer E, Piazzon MC, Del Pozo R, Palenzuela O, Estensoro I, Sitjà-Bobadilla A. A bloody interaction: plasma proteomics reveals gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) impairment caused by Sparicotyle chrysophrii. PARASITES & VECTORS 2022; 15:322. [PMID: 36088326 PMCID: PMC9463799 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05441-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Sparicotylosis is an enzootic parasitic disease that is well established across the Mediterranean Sea. It is caused by the polyopisthocotylean monogenean Sparicotyle chrysophrii and affects the gills of gilthead sea bream (GSB; Sparus aurata). Current disease management, mitigation and treatment strategies are limited against sparicotylosis. To successfully develop more efficient therapeutic strategies against this disease, understanding which molecular mechanisms and metabolic pathways are altered in the host is critical. This study aims to elucidate how S. chrysophrii infection modulates the plasma proteome of GSB and to identify the main altered biological processes involved. Methods Experimental infections were conducted in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) in which naïve recipient GSB ([R]; 70 g; n = 50) were exposed to effluent water from S. chrysophrii-infected GSB (98 g; n = 50). An additional tank containing unexposed naïve fish (control [C]; 70 g; n = 50) was maintained in parallel, but with the open water flow disconnected from the RAS. Haematological and infection parameters from sampled C and R fish were recorded for 10 weeks. Plasma samples from R fish were categorised into three different groups according to their infection intensity, which was based on the number of worms fish−1: low (L: 1–50), medium (51–100) and high (H: > 100). Five plasma samples from each category and five C samples were selected and subjected to a SWATH-MS proteome analysis. Additional assays on haemoglobin, cholesterol and the lytic activity of the alternative complement pathway were performed to validate the proteome analysis findings. Results The discriminant analysis of plasma protein abundance revealed a clear separation into three groups (H, M/L and C). A pathway analysis was performed with the differentially quantified proteins, indicating that the parasitic infection mainly affected pathways related to haemostasis, the immune system and lipid metabolism and transport. Twenty-two proteins were significantly correlated with infection intensity, highlighting the importance of apolipoproteins, globins and complement component 3. Validation assays of blood and plasma (haemoglobin, cholesterol and lytic activity of alternative complement pathway) confirmed these correlations. Conclusions Sparicotylosis profoundly alters the haemostasis, the innate immune system and the lipid metabolism and transport in GSB. This study gives a crucial global overview of the pathogenesis of sparicotylosis and highlights new targets for further research. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05441-1.
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6
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Seervai RNH, Sinha A, Kulkarni RP. Mechanisms of dermatologic toxicities to immune checkpoint inhibitor cancer therapies. Clin Exp Dermatol 2022; 47:1928-1942. [PMID: 35844072 DOI: 10.1111/ced.15332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) sparked a revolution in the era of targeted anticancer therapy. While monoclonal antibodies targeting the CTLA-4 and PD-1 axes have improved survival in patients with advanced cancers, these immunotherapies are associated with a wide spectrum of dermatologic immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Several publications have addressed the clinical and histopathologic classification of these skin-directed irAEs, their impact on antitumor immunity and survival, and the critical role of supportive oncologic dermatology in their management. Here, we review the current understanding of the mechanistic drivers of immune-related skin toxicities with a focus on inflammatory, immunobullous, melanocyte/pigment-related reactions. We detail the specific immune-based mechanisms that may underlie different cutaneous reactions. We also discuss potential mechanisms as they relate to non-cutaneous irAEs and potential overlap with cutaneous irAEs, techniques to study differences in immune-related versus de novo skin reactions, and how treatment of these adverse events impacts cancer treatment, patient quality of life, and overall survival. An improved understanding of the mechanistic basis of cutaneous irAEs will allow us to develop and utilize blood-based biomarkers that could help ultimately predict onset and/or severity of these irAEs and to implement rational mechanistic-based treatment strategies that are targeted to the irAEs while potentially avoiding abrogating anti-tumor effect of ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyad N H Seervai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, 97213.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, 77030, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, 77030, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Avilasha Sinha
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, 77030, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, 77030, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rajan P Kulkarni
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, 97239, Portland, OR.,Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 97239, Portland, OR.,Operative Care Division, VA Portland Health Care System, 92739, Portland, OR
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7
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Nakajima K, Suzuki H, Yamamoto M, Yamamoto T, Kawai T, Nakabayashi K, Hata K, Kosaki K, Nakajima H, Sano S, Kubo A. A familial case of periodontal Ehlers-Danlos syndrome lacking skin extensibility and joint hypermobility with a missense mutation in C1R. J Dermatol 2022; 49:714-718. [PMID: 35365885 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (pEDS) is an autosomal-dominant disorder first described by Stewart in 1977 that is characterized by severe gingival recession and periodontitis that triggers premature loss of permanent teeth and alveolar bone absorption. It was recently shown that pEDS is caused by a heterozygous missense mutation in C1R or C1S, which encode complement 1 proteases. Here, we report a familial case of pEDS with a novel heterozygous missense mutation, c.674G>C (p.R225P), in C1R (NM_001733.4). The case exhibited pretibial hyperpigmentation and extended periodontitis but neither skin extensibility nor joint hypermobility, suggesting that this mutation will expand the definition of pEDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Hisato Suzuki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuko Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawai
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Reseasch Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Reseasch Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Reseasch Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Akiharu Kubo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Complement cascade inhibition in geographic atrophy: a review. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:294-302. [PMID: 34999723 PMCID: PMC8807727 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01765-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and specifically geographic atrophy (GA) has been linked to the complement cascade. This cascade is part of the innate immune system and is made up of the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways. The pathways comprise a system of plasma and membrane-associated serum proteins that are activated with identification of a nonself entity. A number of these proteins have been implicated in the development and progression of dry AMD. The three pathways converge at C3 and cascade down through C5, making both of these proteins viable targets for the treatment of dry AMD. In addition, there are a number of complement factors, CFB, CFD, CFH, and CFI, which are potential therapeutic targets as well. Several different complement-directed therapeutics are being studied for the treatment of dry AMD with the hope that one of these approaches will emerge as the first approved treatment for GA.
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9
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Proteomic Analysis of Synovial Fibroblasts and Articular Chondrocytes Co-Cultures Reveals Valuable VIP-Modulated Inflammatory and Degradative Proteins in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126441. [PMID: 34208590 PMCID: PMC8235106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder causing a great disability and a reduction in the quality of life. In OA, articular chondrocytes (AC) and synovial fibroblasts (SF) release innate-derived immune mediators that initiate and perpetuate inflammation, inducing cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Given the lack of therapies for the treatment of OA, in this study, we explore biomarkers that enable the development of new therapeutical approaches. We analyze the set of secreted proteins in AC and SF co-cultures by stable isotope labeling with amino acids (SILAC). We describe, for the first time, 115 proteins detected in SF-AC co-cultures stimulated by fibronectin fragments (Fn-fs). We also study the role of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in this secretome, providing new proteins involved in the main events of OA, confirmed by ELISA and multiplex analyses. VIP decreases proteins involved in the inflammatory process (CHI3L1, PTX3), complement activation (C1r, C3), and cartilage ECM degradation (DCN, CTSB and MMP2), key events in the initiation and progression of OA. Our results support the anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic properties of VIP in rheumatic diseases and provide potential new targets for OA treatment.
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10
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Bally I, Dalonneau F, Chouquet A, Gröbner R, Amberger A, Kapferer-Seebacher I, Stoiber H, Zschocke J, Thielens NM, Rossi V, Gaboriaud C. Two Different Missense C1S Mutations, Associated to Periodontal Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Lead to Identical Molecular Outcomes. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2962. [PMID: 31921203 PMCID: PMC6930149 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by soft connective tissue alteration like joint hypermobility and skin hyper-extensibility. We previously identified heterozygous missense mutations in the C1R and C1S genes, coding for the complement C1 proteases, in patients affected by periodontal EDS, a specific EDS subtype hallmarked by early severe periodontitis leading to premature loss of teeth and connective tissue alterations. Up to now, there is no clear molecular link relating the nominal role of the C1r and C1s proteases, which is to activate the classical complement pathway, to these heterogeneous symptoms of periodontal EDS syndrome. We aim therefore to elucidate the functional effect of these mutations, at the molecular and enzymatic levels. To explore the molecular consequences, a set of cell transfection experiments, recombinant protein purification, mass spectroscopy and N-terminal analyses have been performed. Focusing on the results obtained on two different C1S variants, namely p.Val316del and p.Cys294Arg, we show that HEK293-F cells stably transfected with the corresponding C1s variant plasmids, unexpectedly, do not secrete the full-length mutated C1s, but only a truncated Fg40 fragment of 40 kDa, produced at very low levels. Detailed analyses of the Fg40 fragments purified for the two C1s variants show that they are identical, which was also unexpected. This suggests that local misfolding of the CCP1 module containing the patient mutation exposes a novel cleavage site, between Lys353 and Cys354, which is not normally accessible. The mutation-induced Fg40 fragment contains the intact C-terminal serine protease domain but not the N-terminal domain mediating C1s interaction with the other C1 subunits, C1r, and C1q. Thus, Fg40 enzymatic activity escapes the normal physiological control of C1s activity within C1, potentially providing a loss-of-control. Comparative enzymatic analyses show that Fg40 retains the native esterolytic activity of C1s, as well as its cleavage efficiency toward the ancillary alarmin HMGB1 substrate, for example, whereas the nominal complement C4 activation cleavage is impaired. These new results open the way to further molecular explorations possibly involving subsidiary C1s targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Bally
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Anne Chouquet
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Rebekka Gröbner
- Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Albert Amberger
- Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ines Kapferer-Seebacher
- Department for Operative and Restorative Dentistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heribert Stoiber
- Institute of Virology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Zschocke
- Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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11
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Xavier S, Sahu RK, Bontha SV, Mass V, Taylor RP, Megyesi J, Thielens NM, Portilla D. Complement C1r serine protease contributes to kidney fibrosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1293-F1304. [PMID: 31509012 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00357.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that complement activation precedes the development of kidney fibrosis; however, little is known about the cellular mechanisms involved in this transition. We hypothesized that increased expression of C1 complex protease C1r, the initiator of complement activation, contributes to tubulointerstitial fibrosis and tested this idea in mice with global deletion of C1r. Although expression of C1r in untreated wild-type (WT) mice was higher in the liver compared with kidney tissue, administration of folic acid (FA) led to upregulation of C1r mRNA and protein levels only in kidney tissue. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization experiments localized increased expression of C1r and C1s proteases to renal tubular epithelial cells. C1r-null mice had reduced acute tubular injury and inflammation measured 2 days after FA administration compared with WT mice. C1r deletion reduced expression of C1s, C3 fragment formation, and organ fibrosis measured 14 days after FA administration. Differential gene expression performed in kidney tissue demonstrated that C1r-null mice had reduced expression of genes associated with the acute phase response, complement, proliferation of connective tissue cells (e.g., platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β), and reduced expression of genes associated with inflammation compared with FA-treated WT mice. In vitro experiments in renal epithelial cells demonstrated that C1s expression is dependent on increased C1r expression and that interferon-γ induces the expression of these two proteases. We conclude that increased expression of C1 complex proteases is associated with increased tissue inflammation and complement C3 formation and represents an important pathogenic mechanism leading to FA-mediated tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Xavier
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Ranjit K Sahu
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Sai Vineela Bontha
- Methodist University of Tennessee Transplant Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Valeria Mass
- Methodist University of Tennessee Transplant Institute, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Ronald P Taylor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Judit Megyesi
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Nicole M Thielens
- University of Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, L'Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble, France
| | - Didier Portilla
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Salem Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salem, Virginia
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12
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Noman Reza MA, Mohapatra S, Shimizu S, Kitamura SI, Harakawa S, Kawakami H, Nakayama K, Sawayama E, Matsubara T, Ohta K, Chakraborty T. Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of complement components in red sea bream (Pagrus major) after Edwardsiella tarda and red sea bream Iridovirus (RSIV) challenge. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:286-295. [PMID: 30125707 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The complement system plays an important role in immune regulation and acts as the first line of defense against any pathogenic attack. To comprehend the red sea bream (Pagrus major) immune response, three complement genes, namely, pmC1r, pmMASP and pmC3, belonging to the classical, lectin and alternative complement cascade, respectively, were identified and characterized. pmC1r, pmMASP, and pmC3 were comprised of 2535, 3352, and 5735 base mRNA which encodes 732, 1029 and 1677 aa putative proteins, respectively. Phylogenetically, all the three studied genes clustered with their corresponding homologous clade. Tissue distribution and cellular localization data demonstrated a very high prevalence of all the three genes in the liver. Both bacterial and viral infection resulted in significant transcriptional alterations in all three genes in the liver with respect to their vehicle control counterparts. Specifically, bacterial challenge affected the pmMASP and pmC3 expression, while the viral infection resulted in pmC1r and pmC3 mRNA activation. Altogether, our data demonstrate the ability of pmC1r, pmMASP and pmC3 in bringing about an immune response against any pathogenic encroachment, and thus activating, not only one, but all the three complement pathways, in red sea bream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Noman Reza
- South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Uchidomari, Ainan-cho, Ehime, 798-4206, Japan
| | - Sipra Mohapatra
- South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Uchidomari, Ainan-cho, Ehime, 798-4206, Japan
| | - Sonoko Shimizu
- South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Uchidomari, Ainan-cho, Ehime, 798-4206, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Kitamura
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Shogo Harakawa
- Ehime Prefectural Fish Disease Control Center, Uwajima, 798-0087, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Kawakami
- Ehime Prefectural Fish Disease Control Center, Uwajima, 798-0087, Japan
| | - Kei Nakayama
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Eitaro Sawayama
- R&D Division, Marua Suisan Co., Ltd., 4472 Iwagi, Kamijima-cho, Ochi-gun, Ehime, 794-2410, Japan
| | - Takahiro Matsubara
- South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Uchidomari, Ainan-cho, Ehime, 798-4206, Japan
| | - Kohei Ohta
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Tapas Chakraborty
- South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Uchidomari, Ainan-cho, Ehime, 798-4206, Japan.
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13
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Brady AF, Demirdas S, Fournel-Gigleux S, Ghali N, Giunta C, Kapferer-Seebacher I, Kosho T, Mendoza-Londono R, Pope MF, Rohrbach M, Van Damme T, Vandersteen A, van Mourik C, Voermans N, Zschocke J, Malfait F. The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, rare types. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 175:70-115. [PMID: 28306225 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes comprise a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of heritable connective tissue disorders, which are characterized by joint hypermobility, skin hyperextensibility, and tissue friability. In the Villefranche Nosology, six subtypes were recognized: The classical, hypermobile, vascular, kyphoscoliotic, arthrochalasis, and dermatosparaxis subtypes of EDS. Except for the hypermobile subtype, defects had been identified in fibrillar collagens or in collagen-modifying enzymes. Since 1997, a whole spectrum of novel, clinically overlapping, rare EDS-variants have been delineated and genetic defects have been identified in an array of other extracellular matrix genes. Advances in molecular testing have made it possible to now identify the causative mutation for many patients presenting these phenotypes. The aim of this literature review is to summarize the current knowledge on the rare EDS subtypes and highlight areas for future research. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Iyer A, Xu W, Reid RC, Fairlie DP. Chemical Approaches to Modulating Complement-Mediated Diseases. J Med Chem 2017; 61:3253-3276. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abishek Iyer
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Weijun Xu
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert C. Reid
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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15
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Periodontal Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Is Caused by Mutations in C1R and C1S, which Encode Subcomponents C1r and C1s of Complement. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:1005-1014. [PMID: 27745832 PMCID: PMC5097948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (pEDS) is an autosomal-dominant disorder characterized by early-onset periodontitis leading to premature loss of teeth, joint hypermobility, and mild skin findings. A locus was mapped to an approximately 5.8 Mb region at 12p13.1 but no candidate gene was identified. In an international consortium we recruited 19 independent families comprising 107 individuals with pEDS to identify the locus, characterize the clinical details in those with defined genetic causes, and try to understand the physiological basis of the condition. In 17 of these families, we identified heterozygous missense or in-frame insertion/deletion mutations in C1R (15 families) or C1S (2 families), contiguous genes in the mapped locus that encode subunits C1r and C1s of the first component of the classical complement pathway. These two proteins form a heterotetramer that then combines with six C1q subunits. Pathogenic variants involve the subunit interfaces or inter-domain hinges of C1r and C1s and are associated with intracellular retention and mild endoplasmic reticulum enlargement. Clinical features of affected individuals in these families include rapidly progressing periodontitis with onset in the teens or childhood, a previously unrecognized lack of attached gingiva, pretibial hyperpigmentation, skin and vascular fragility, easy bruising, and variable musculoskeletal symptoms. Our findings open a connection between the inflammatory classical complement pathway and connective tissue homeostasis.
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