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Jiang EY, Fan Y, Phung NV, Xia WY, Hu GR, Li FL. Overexpression of plastid lipid-associated protein in marine diatom enhances the xanthophyll synthesis and storage. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1143017. [PMID: 37152729 PMCID: PMC10160619 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1143017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastoglobules, which are lipoprotein structures surrounded by a single hydrophobic phospholipid membrane, are subcellular organelles in plant chromoplasts and chloroplasts. They contain neutral lipids, tocopherols, quinones, chlorophyll metabolites, carotenoids and their derivatives. Proteomic studies indicated that plastoglobules are involved in carotenoid metabolism and storage. In this study, one of the plastid lipid-associated proteins (PAP), the major protein in plastoglobules, was selected and overexpressed in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The diameter of the plastoglobules in mutants was decreased by a mean of 19.2% versus the wild-type, while the fucoxanthin level was increased by a mean of 51.2%. All mutants exhibited morphological differences from the wild-type, including a prominent increase in the transverse diameter. Moreover, the unsaturated fatty acid levels were increased in different mutants, including an 18.9-59.3% increase in eicosapentaenoic acid content. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that PAP expression and the morphological changes altered xanthophyll synthesis and storage, which affected the assembly of the fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding protein and expression of antenna proteins as well as reduced the non-photochemical quenching activity of diatom cells. Therefore, metabolic regulation at the suborganelle level can be achieved by modulating PAP expression. These findings provide a subcellular structural site and target for synthetic biology to modify pigment and lipid metabolism in microalgae chassis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Ying Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Fan,
| | - Nghi-Van Phung
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Wan-Yue Xia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Guang-Rong Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fu-Li Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao, China
- Fu-Li Li,
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2
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Pajot A, Lavaud J, Carrier G, Garnier M, Saint-Jean B, Rabilloud N, Baroukh C, Bérard JB, Bernard O, Marchal L, Nicolau E. The Fucoxanthin Chlorophyll a/c-Binding Protein in Tisochrysis lutea: Influence of Nitrogen and Light on Fucoxanthin and Chlorophyll a/c-Binding Protein Gene Expression and Fucoxanthin Synthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:830069. [PMID: 35251102 PMCID: PMC8891753 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.830069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We observed differences in lhc classification in Chromista. We proposed a classification of the lhcf family with two groups specific to haptophytes, one specific to diatoms, and one specific to seaweeds. Identification and characterization of the Fucoxanthin and Chlorophyll a/c-binding Protein (FCP) of the haptophyte microalgae Tisochrysis lutea were performed by similarity analysis. The FCP family contains 52 lhc genes in T. lutea. FCP pigment binding site candidates were characterized on Lhcf protein monomers of T. lutea, which possesses at least nine chlorophylls and five fucoxanthin molecules, on average, per monomer. The expression of T. lutea lhc genes was assessed during turbidostat and chemostat experiments, one with constant light (CL) and changing nitrogen phases, the second with a 12 h:12 h sinusoidal photoperiod and changing nitrogen phases. RNA-seq analysis revealed a dynamic decrease in the expression of lhc genes with nitrogen depletion. We observed that T. lutea lhcx2 was only expressed at night, suggesting that its role is to protect \cells from return of light after prolonged darkness exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Pajot
- IFREMER, Physiology and Biotechnology of Algae Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | - Johann Lavaud
- LEMAR-Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539, CNRS/Univ Brest/Ifremer/IRD, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Gregory Carrier
- IFREMER, Physiology and Biotechnology of Algae Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | - Matthieu Garnier
- IFREMER, Physiology and Biotechnology of Algae Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | - Bruno Saint-Jean
- IFREMER, Physiology and Biotechnology of Algae Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | - Noémie Rabilloud
- IFREMER, Physiology and Biotechnology of Algae Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | - Caroline Baroukh
- IFREMER, Physiology and Biotechnology of Algae Laboratory, Nantes, France
| | | | - Olivier Bernard
- Université Côte d’Azur, Biocore, INRIA, CNRS, Sorbonne Université (LOV, UMR 7093), Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | | | - Elodie Nicolau
- IFREMER, Physiology and Biotechnology of Algae Laboratory, Nantes, France
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3
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Tselios C, Varotsis C. Evidence for reversible light-dependent transitions in the photosynthetic pigments of diatoms. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31555-31563. [PMID: 36380945 PMCID: PMC9631684 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05284a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine diatoms contribute to oxygenic photosynthesis and carbon fixation and handle large changes under variable light intensity on a regular basis. The unique light-harvesting apparatus of diatoms are the fucoxanthin–chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins (FCPs). Here, we show the enhancement of chlorophyll a/c (Chl a/c), fucoxanthin (Fx), and diadinoxanthin (Dd) marker bands in the Raman spectra of the centric diatom T. pseudonana, which allows distinction of the pigment content in the cells grown under low- (LL) and high-light (HL) intensity at room temperature. Reversible LL–HL dependent conformations of Chl c, characteristic of two conformations of the porphyrin macrocycle, and the presence of five- and six-coordinated Chl a/c with weak axial ligands are observed in the Raman data. Under HL the energy transfer from Chl c to Chl a is reduced and that from the red-shifted Fxs is minimal. Therefore, Chl c and the blue-shifted Fxs are the only contributors to the energy transfer pathways under HL and the blue- to red-shifted Fxs energy transfer pathway characteristic of the LL is inactive. The results indicate that T. pseudonana can redirect its function from light harvesting to energy-quenching state, and reversibly to light-harvesting upon subsequent illumination to LL by reproducing the red-shifted Fxs and decrease the number of Dds. The LL to HL reversible transitions are accompanied by structural modifications of Chl a/c and the lack of the red-shifted Fxs. A reversible light-intensity behavior of Dds and Fxs composition in the cells of T. pseudonana. The observed LL to HL reversible transitions are accompanied by structural modifications of Chls a/c and the lack of the red-shifted Fxs.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Tselios
- Cyprus University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Constantinos Varotsis
- Cyprus University of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Lemesos, Cyprus
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Scarsini M, Thurotte A, Veidl B, Amiard F, Niepceron F, Badawi M, Lagarde F, Schoefs B, Marchand J. Metabolite Quantification by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Diatoms: Proof of Concept on Phaeodactylum tricornutum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:756421. [PMID: 34858459 PMCID: PMC8631545 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.756421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are feedstock for the production of sustainable biocommodities, including biofuel. The biochemical characterization of newly isolated or genetically modified strains is seminal to identify the strains that display interesting features for both research and industrial applications. Biochemical quantification of organic macromolecules cellular quotas are time-consuming methodologies which often require large amount of biological sample. Vibrational spectroscopy is an essential tool applied in several fields of research. A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microscopy-based imaging protocol was developed for the simultaneous cellular quota quantification of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The low amount of sample required for the quantification allows the high throughput quantification on small volume cultures. A proof of concept was performed (1) on nitrogen-starved experimental cultures and (2) on three different P. tricornutum wild-type strains. The results are supported by the observation in situ of lipid droplets by confocal and brightfield microscopy. The results show that major differences exist in the regulation of lipid metabolism between ecotypes of P. tricornutum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Scarsini
- Mer Molécules Santé, Le Mans University, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Le Mans, France
| | - Adrien Thurotte
- Mer Molécules Santé, Le Mans University, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Le Mans, France
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Brigitte Veidl
- Mer Molécules Santé, Le Mans University, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Le Mans, France
| | - Frederic Amiard
- UMR CNRS 6283 Institut des Molécules et des Matériaux du Mans, Le Mans University, Le Mans, France
| | - Frederick Niepceron
- UMR CNRS 6283 Institut des Molécules et des Matériaux du Mans, Le Mans University, Le Mans, France
| | - Myriam Badawi
- Mer Molécules Santé, Le Mans University, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Le Mans, France
| | - Fabienne Lagarde
- UMR CNRS 6283 Institut des Molécules et des Matériaux du Mans, Le Mans University, Le Mans, France
| | - Benoît Schoefs
- Mer Molécules Santé, Le Mans University, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Le Mans, France
| | - Justine Marchand
- Mer Molécules Santé, Le Mans University, IUML-FR 3473 CNRS, Le Mans, France
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5
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Abu-Ghosh S, Dubinsky Z, Verdelho V, Iluz D. Unconventional high-value products from microalgae: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 329:124895. [PMID: 33713898 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have gained significant importance in biotechnology development, providing valuable goods and services in multiple applications. Although there is a rising market for most of these applications, the incorporation and introduction of microalgae into new venues will extend in the near future. These advances are due to the vast biodiversity of microalgal species, recent genetic engineering tools, and culture techniques. There are three main possible approaches for novel algal compounds from: (1) recently isolated yet less known microalgae; (2) selectively stressed conditions; and (3) enzymatically adjusted compounds from conventional molecules. All these approaches can be combined in a specific manner. This review discusses the opportunities, potential and limitations of introducing novel microalgae-based products, and how the recent technologies can be deployed to make these products financially viable. To give an outlook to the future, an analysis of the developments and predicted future market that further enlarge the promise of cultivating microalgae for commercial purposes are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Abu-Ghosh
- The Mina and Everard Goodman, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
| | - Zvy Dubinsky
- The Mina and Everard Goodman, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Vitor Verdelho
- General Manager of the European Algae Biomass Association (EABA), Portugal
| | - David Iluz
- The Mina and Everard Goodman, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; Department of Environmental Sciences and Agriculture, Beit Berl Academic College, Israel; Talpiot academic College, Holon, Israel
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