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Dickerson B, Maury J, Jenkins V, Nottingham K, Xing D, Gonzalez DE, Leonard M, Kendra J, Ko J, Yoo C, Johnson S, Pradelles R, Purpura M, Jäger R, Sowinski R, Rasmussen CJ, Kreider RB. Effects of Supplementation with Microalgae Extract from Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Mi136) to Support Benefits from a Weight Management Intervention in Overweight Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:990. [PMID: 38613023 PMCID: PMC11013338 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) contain the carotenoid, fucoxanthin, which has been purported to promote fat loss, lower blood lipids, and improve glucose management. This study examined whether dietary supplementation with microalgae extracts from PT containing 4.4 mg/d of fucoxanthin affects changes in body composition or health markers in overweight women during an exercise and diet intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 37 females (28.6 ± 7.9 years, 80.2 ± 14.9 kg, 29.6 ± 3.8 kg/m², 41.4 ± 4.2% fat) fasted for 12 h, donated a fasting blood sample, completed health and mood state inventories, and undertook body composition, health, and exercise assessments. In a counterbalanced, randomized, and double-blind manner, participants ingested a placebo (PL), or microalgae extract of Phaeodactylum tricornutum standardized to 4.4 mg of fucoxanthin (FX) for 12 weeks while participating in a supervised exercise program that included resistance-training and walking (3 days/week) with encouragement to accumulate 10,000 steps/day on remaining days of the week. The diet intervention involved reducing energy intake by about -300 kcal/d (i.e., ≈1400-1600 kcals/d, 55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 15% protein) to promote a -500 kcal/d energy deficit with exercise. Follow-up testing was performed at 6 and 12 weeks. A general linear model (GLM) with repeated measures statistical analysis was used to analyze group responses and changes from baseline with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Dietary supplementation with microalgae extract from PT containing fucoxanthin for 12 weeks did not promote additional weight loss or fat loss in overweight but otherwise healthy females initiating an exercise and diet intervention designed to promote modest weight loss. However, fucoxanthin supplementation preserved bone mass, increased bone density, and saw greater improvements in walking steps/day, resting heart rate, aerobic capacity, blood lipid profiles, adherence to diet goals, functional activity tolerance, and measures of quality of life. Consequently, there appears to be some benefit to supplementing microalgae extract from PT containing fucoxanthin during a diet and exercise program. Registered clinical trial #NCT04761406.
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Affiliation(s)
- Broderick Dickerson
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Jonathan Maury
- Research & Development Department, Microphyt, 34670 Baillargues, France; (J.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Victoria Jenkins
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Kay Nottingham
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Dante Xing
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Drew E. Gonzalez
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Megan Leonard
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Jacob Kendra
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Joungbo Ko
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Choongsung Yoo
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Sarah Johnson
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Rémi Pradelles
- Research & Development Department, Microphyt, 34670 Baillargues, France; (J.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Martin Purpura
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (M.P.); (R.J.)
| | - Ralf Jäger
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (M.P.); (R.J.)
| | - Ryan Sowinski
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Christopher J. Rasmussen
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Richard B. Kreider
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
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Kuo MY, Dai WC, Chang JL, Chang JS, Lee TM, Chang CC. Fucoxanthin induces human melanoma cytotoxicity by thwarting the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL signaling axis. Environ Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38444163 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal skin malignancy. Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid with significant anticancer activities. Intriguingly, Fucoxanthin's impact on human melanoma remains elusive. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) represents a promising target in cancer therapy due to its persistent activation in various cancers, including melanoma. Herein, we revealed that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic to human melanoma cell lines A2758 and A375 while showing limited cytotoxicity to normal human melanocytes. Apoptosis is a primary reason for Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity, as the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk drastically abrogated Fucoxanthin-elicited clonogenicity blockage. Besides, Fucoxanthin downregulated tyrosine 705-phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3 (Y705)), either inherently present in melanoma cells or inducible by interleukin 6 (IL-6) stimulation. Notably, ectopic expression of STAT3-C, a dominant-active STAT3 mutant, abolished Fucoxanthin-elicited melanoma cell apoptosis and clonogenicity inhibition, supporting the pivotal role of STAT3 blockage in Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity. Moreover, Fucoxanthin lowered BCL-xL levels by blocking STAT3 activation, while ectopic BCL-xL expression rescued melanoma cells from Fucoxanthin-induced killing. Lastly, Fucoxanthin was found to diminish the levels of JAK2 with dual phosphorylation at tyrosine residues 1007 and 1008 in melanoma cells, suggesting that Fucoxanthin impairs STAT3 signaling by blocking JAK2 activation. Collectively, we present the first evidence that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic selectively against human melanoma cells while sparing normal melanocytes. Mechanistically, Fucoxanthin targets the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL antiapoptotic axis to provoke melanoma cell death. This discovery implicates the potential application of Fucoxanthin as a chemopreventive or therapeutic strategy for melanoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yung Kuo
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chyi Dai
- Doctoral Program in Biotechnology Industrial Innovation and Management, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Li Chang
- Taichung Municipal Taichung First Senior High School, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Min Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Doctoral Program in Biotechnology Industrial Innovation and Management, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Master Program in Precision Health, Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wu C, Xiang S, Wang H, Zhang X, Tian X, Tan M, Su W. Orally Deliverable Sequence-Targeted Fucoxanthin-Loaded Biomimetic Extracellular Vesicles for Alleviation of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:9854-9867. [PMID: 38375789 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess favorable biocompatibility and immunological characteristics, making them optimal carriers for bioactive substances. In this study, an innovative hepatic-targeted vesicle system encapsulating with fucoxanthin (GA-LpEVs-FX) was successfully designed and used to alleviate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The formulation entails the self-assembly of EVs derived from Lactobacillus paracasei (LpEVs), modification with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) via amide reaction offering the system liver-targeting capacity and loading fucoxanthin (FX) through sonication treatment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that GA-LpEVs-FX effectively mitigated hepatic lipid accumulation and attenuated reactive oxygen species-induced damage resulting lipid accumulation (p < 0.05). In vivo, GA-LpEVs-FX exhibited significant downregulation of lipogenesis-related proteins, namely, fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1), and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), subsequently ameliorating lipid metabolism disorders (p < 0.05), and the stability of GA-LpEVs-FX significantly improved compared to free FX. These findings establish a novel formulation for utilizing foodborne components for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease alleviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Wu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Siyuan Xiang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiumin Zhang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xueying Tian
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Wentao Su
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
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Yang YH, Chen C, Zheng Y, Wu ZJ, Zhou MQ, Liu XY, Miyashita K, Duan DL, Du L. Fucoxanthin Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:4142-4154. [PMID: 38355398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preventive role and underlying mechanisms of fucoxanthin (Fx) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. The present data demonstrated that oral administration of Fx (50 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day) for 36 days significantly alleviated the severity of colitis in DSS-treated mice, as evidenced by attenuating body weight loss, bloody stool, diarrhea, shortened colon length, colonic epithelium distortion, a thin mucus layer, goblet cell depletion, damaged crypts, and extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colonic mucosa. Additionally, Fx notably relieved DSS-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction via maintaining the tight junction function and preventing excessive apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells. Moreover, Fx effectively diminished colonic inflammation and oxidative stress in DSS-treated mice, and its mechanisms might be due to blunting the activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways. Furthermore, Fx also modulates DSS-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis via recovering the richness and diversity of gut microbiota and reshaping the structure of gut microbiota, such as increasing the Firmicutes and Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio and elevating the relative abundance of some potential beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Overall, Fx might be developed as a promising functional ingredient to prevent colitis and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), No. 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., No. 259 Pinghai East Road, Rongcheng City, Shandong 264300, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Zi-Jian Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Meng-Qing Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Liu
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., No. 259 Pinghai East Road, Rongcheng City, Shandong 264300, China
| | - Kazuo Miyashita
- Center for Industry-University Collaboration, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - De-Lin Duan
- Key Lab of Breeding Biotechnology & Sustainable Aquaculture, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 168 Wenhai Middle Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
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Truong TQ, Park YJ, Winarto J, Huynh PK, Moon J, Choi YB, Song DG, Koo SY, Kim SM. Understanding the Impact of Nitrogen Availability: A Limiting Factor for Enhancing Fucoxanthin Productivity in Microalgae Cultivation. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:93. [PMID: 38393064 PMCID: PMC10889934 DOI: 10.3390/md22020093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the regulation of fucoxanthin (FX) biosynthesis under various nitrogen conditions to optimize FX productivity in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Apart from light, nitrogen availability significantly affects the FX production of microalgae; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In batch culture, P. tricornutum was cultivated with normal (NN, 0.882 mM sodium nitrate), limited (LN, 0.22 mM), and high (HN, 8.82 mM) initial nitrogen concentrations in f/2 medium. Microalgal growth and photosynthetic pigment production were examined, and day 5 samples were subjected to fucoxanthin-chlorophyll a/c-binding protein (FCP) proteomic and transcriptomic analyses. The result demonstrated that HN promoted FX productivity by extending the exponential growth phase for higher biomass and FX accumulation stage (P1), showing a continuous increase in FX accumulation on day 6. Augmented FX biosynthesis via the upregulation of carotenogenesis could be primarily attributed to enhanced FCP formation in the thylakoid membrane. Key proteins, such as LHC3/4, LHCF8, LHCF5, and LHCF10, and key genes, such as PtPSY, PtPDS, and PtVDE, were upregulated under nitrogen repletion. Finally, the combination of low light and HN prolonged the P1 stage to day 10, resulting in maximal FX productivity to 9.82 ± 0.56 mg/L/day, demonstrating an effective strategy for enhancing FX production in microalgae cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- To Quyen Truong
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (T.Q.T.); (J.W.); (P.K.H.)
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.P.); (J.M.); (Y.B.C.)
| | - Yun Ji Park
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.P.); (J.M.); (Y.B.C.)
| | - Jessica Winarto
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (T.Q.T.); (J.W.); (P.K.H.)
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.-G.S.); (S.Y.K.)
| | - Phuong Kim Huynh
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (T.Q.T.); (J.W.); (P.K.H.)
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.P.); (J.M.); (Y.B.C.)
| | - Jinyoung Moon
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.P.); (J.M.); (Y.B.C.)
| | - Yeong Bin Choi
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.P.); (J.M.); (Y.B.C.)
| | - Dae-Geun Song
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.-G.S.); (S.Y.K.)
| | - Song Yi Koo
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (D.-G.S.); (S.Y.K.)
| | - Sang Min Kim
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; (T.Q.T.); (J.W.); (P.K.H.)
- Smart Farm Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.P.); (J.M.); (Y.B.C.)
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Circuncisão AR, Ferreira SS, Silva AMS, Coimbra MA, Cardoso SM. Fucus vesiculosus-Rich Extracts as Potential Functional Food Ingredients: A Holistic Extraction Approach. Foods 2024; 13:540. [PMID: 38397517 PMCID: PMC10888237 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Brown macroalgae are rich sources of nutrients and health-promoting compounds. Nevertheless, their consumption is still limited by their strong organoleptic characteristics, thus requiring the development of extraction strategies to profit from their nutritional value. To fulfil this, two sequential extraction approaches were developed, differing in the solvent used in the first extraction step, water in approach 1 or food-grade ethanol in approach 2, to obtain economic and affordable extracts rich in specific compounds from Fucus vesiculosus. The use of water in the first step of extraction allowed us to recover water-soluble phlorotannins, laminarans and mannuronic-rich alginates, making the subsequent 70% ethanol extract richest in fucoxanthin (0.07% algae DW), and the hot water fractions purest in fucoidans and alginates with a lower mannuronic-to-guluronic (M/G) ratio (2.91). Conversely, when beginning extraction procedures with 96% ethanol, the recovered yields of phlorotannins increased (0.43 g PGE/100 g algae DW), but there was a concomitant seven-fold decrease in the recovery of fucoxanthin in the subsequent 70% ethanol extract. This approach also led to less pure hot water fractions containing fucoidans, laminarans and alginates with a higher M/G ratio (5.50). Overall, this work unveiled the potential of the first extraction steps in sustainable and holistic cascade strategies to modulate the composition of food-grade extracts, creating prospects of their application as tailored functional ingredients in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Susana M. Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.R.C.); (S.S.F.); (A.M.S.S.); (M.A.C.)
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Seo S, Chang KS, Choi MS, Jin E. Overexpression of PtVDL1 in Phaeodactylum tricornutum Increases Fucoxanthin Content under Red Light. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:198-206. [PMID: 37957112 PMCID: PMC10840463 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2309.09018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Phaeodactylum tricornutum is a model diatom with significant biotechnological applications, including enhancing biomass, biofuel, and carotenoid production. Specifically, owing to the capacity of this organism to serve as a valuable source of essential raw materials for pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, ongoing research is actively focused on enhancing its productivity. One of the genes involved in various stages of fucoxanthin (Fx) biosynthesis, violaxanthin de-epoxidase like 1 (VDL1), has recently been identified. To validate the intracellular function of this gene and boost Fx production through overexpression, we established and examined three transgenic P. tricornutum lines characterized by elevated P. tricortunum VDL1 ( PtVDL1) expression and evaluate their cell growth and Fx productivity. These transgenic lines exhibited substantially increased PtVDL1 mRNA and protein levels compared to the wild type (WT). Notably, the enzyme substrate violaxanthin was entirely depleted and could not be detected in the transformants, whereas it remained at constant levels in the WT. Interestingly, under standard white light conditions, Fx productivity in the transformants remained unchanged; however, but after 48 h of exposure to red light, it increased by up to 15%. These results indicate that PtVDL1-overexpressing P. tricornutum has industrial potential, particularly for enhancing Fx production under red light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungbeom Seo
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Suk Chang
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Choi
- Korea Radio-Isotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - EonSeon Jin
- Department of Life Science, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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Slautin V, Konyshev K, Gavrilov I, Beresneva O, Maklakova I, Grebnev D. Fucoxanthin Enhances the Antifibrotic Potential of Placenta-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a CCl4-induced Mouse Model of Liver Fibrosis. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:CSCR-EPUB-137096. [PMID: 38204245 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x279940231206100902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of fucoxanthin (Fx) in liver diseases has been reported due to its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy has also been proposed as a promising strategy for liver fibrosis treatment. Recent studies have shown that the co-administration of MSCs and drugs demonstrates a pronounced effect on liver fibrosis. AIM This study aimed to determine the therapeutic potential of placenta-derived MSCs (PD-MSCs) in combination with Fx to treat liver fibrosis and evaluate their impact on the main links of liver fibrosis pathogenesis. METHODS After PD-MSCs isolation and identification, outbred ICR/CD1 mice were divided into five groups: Control group, CCl4 group (CCl4), Fx group (CCl4+Fx), PD-MSCs group (CCl4+MSCs) and cotreatment group (CCl4+MSCs+Fx). Biochemical histopathological investigations were performed. Semiquantitative analysis of the alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA+), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-9+, MMP-13+), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1+) areas, and the number of positive cells in them were studied by immunohistochemical staining. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), hepatic growth factor (HGF), procollagen-1 (COL1α1) in liver homogenate and proinflammatory cytokines in blood serum were determined using an enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS Compared to the single treatment with PD-MSCs or Fx, their combined administration significantly reduced liver enzyme activity, the severity of liver fibrosis, the proinflammatory cytokine levels, TGF-β level, α-SMA+, TIMP-1+ areas and the number of positive cells in them, and increased HGF level, MMP-13+, and MMP-9+ areas. CONCLUSION Fx enhanced the therapeutic potential of PD-MSCs in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis, but more investigations are necessary to understand the mutual impact of PD-MSCs and Fx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilii Slautin
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Konstantin Konyshev
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, 22a, Karl Marx Street, 620026, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Gavrilov
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, 22a, Karl Marx Street, 620026, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Olga Beresneva
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Irina Maklakova
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, 22a, Karl Marx Street, 620026, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Grebnev
- Department of Pathophysiology , Ural State Medical University, 3, Repin Street, 620028, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Medical Cell Technologies, 22a, Karl Marx Street, 620026, Yekaterinburg, Russia
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Ahmed SA, Mendonca P, Messeha SS, Oriaku ET, Soliman KFA. The Anticancer Effects of Marine Carotenoid Fucoxanthin through Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)-AKT Signaling on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 29:61. [PMID: 38202644 PMCID: PMC10779870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer that lacks specific targets such as estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. TNBC affects one in eight women in the United States, making up 15-20% of breast cancer cases. Patients with TNBC can develop resistance to chemotherapy over time, leading to treatment failure. Therefore, finding other options like natural products is necessary for treatment. The advantages of using natural products sourced from plants as anticancer agents are that they are less toxic, more affordable, and have fewer side effects. These products can modulate several cellular processes of the tumor microenvironment, such as proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. The phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT signaling pathway is an important pathway that contributes to the survival and growth of the tumor microenvironment and is associated with these cellular processes. This current study examined the anticancer effects of fucoxanthin, a marine carotenoid isolated from brown seaweed, in the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cell lines. The methods used in this study include a cytotoxic assay, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway PCR arrays, and Wes analysis. Fucoxanthin (6.25 µM) + TNF-α (50 ng/mL) and TNF-α (50 ng/mL) showed no significant effect on cell viability compared to the control in both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells after a 24 h treatment period. PI3K-AKT signaling pathway PCR array studies showed that in TNF-α-stimulated (50 ng/mL) MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells, fucoxanthin (6.25 µM) modulated the mRNA expression of 12 genes, including FOXO1, RASA1, HRAS, MAPK3, PDK2, IRS1, EIF4EBP1, EIF4B, PTK2, TIRAP, RHOA, and ELK1. Additionally, fucoxanthin significantly downregulated the protein expression of IRS1, EIF4B, and ELK1 in MDA-MB-231 cells, and no change in the protein expression of EIF4B and ELK1 was shown in MDA-MB-468 cells. Fucoxanthin upregulated the protein expression of RHOA in both cell lines. The modulation of the expression of genes and proteins of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway may elucidate fucoxanthin's effects in cell cycle progression, apoptotic processes, migration, and proliferation, which shows that PI3K-AKT may be the possible molecular mechanism for fucoxanthin's effects. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study elucidate fucoxanthin's molecular mechanisms and indicate that fucoxanthin may be considered a promising candidate for breast cancer-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shade’ A. Ahmed
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (S.A.A.); (E.T.O.)
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Samia S. Messeha
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Ebenezer T. Oriaku
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (S.A.A.); (E.T.O.)
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (S.A.A.); (E.T.O.)
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Liu H, Chen Y, Wang H, Huang Y, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Gong Y. Identification of Potential Factors for the Promotion of Fucoxanthin Synthesis by Methyl Jasmonic Acid Treatment of Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Mar Drugs 2023; 22:7. [PMID: 38276645 PMCID: PMC10817275 DOI: 10.3390/md22010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin, a vital secondary metabolite produced by marine diatoms, has great economic value and research potential. However, its popularization and application have been greatly restricted due to its low content, difficult extraction, and high production cost. Methyl jasmonic acid (MeJA) exerts similar inductive hormones in the growth and development as well as metabolic processes of plants. In Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum), MeJA treatment can increase fucoxanthin content. In this study, the effects of different concentrations of MeJA on the cell growth and the fucoxanthin content of P. tricornutum were explored. Meanwhile, this study used high-throughput sequencing technology for transcriptome sequencing of P. tricornutum and subsequently performed differential gene expression analysis, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) for screening the hub genes for the promotion of fucoxanthin synthesis with MeJA-treated P. tricornutum. On this basis, the functions of the hub genes for the promotion of fucoxanthin synthesis with MeJA-treated P. tricornutum were further analyzed. The results revealed that the carotenoid synthesis-related genes PHATRDRAFT_54800 and PHATRDRAFT_20677 were the hub genes for the promotion of fucoxanthin synthesis with MeJA-treated P. tricornutum. PHATRDRAFT_54800 may be a carotenoid isomerase, while PHATRDRAFT_20677 may be involved in the MeJA-stimulated synthesis of fucoxanthin by exerting the role of SDR family NAD(P)-dependent oxidoreductases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315200, China; (H.L.); (Y.C.)
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315200, China;
- Institute of Bioengineering, Biotrans Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201500, China
- United New Drug Research and Development Center, Biotrans Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China; (Y.H.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yawen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315200, China; (H.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Heyu Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315200, China;
| | - Yaxuan Huang
- United New Drug Research and Development Center, Biotrans Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China; (Y.H.); (Y.H.)
| | - Ying Hu
- United New Drug Research and Development Center, Biotrans Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China; (Y.H.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yuxiang Zhao
- Institute of Bioengineering, Biotrans Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201500, China
- United New Drug Research and Development Center, Biotrans Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410000, China; (Y.H.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yifu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315200, China; (H.L.); (Y.C.)
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Kang H, Kim SC, Oh Y. Fucoxanthin Abrogates Ionizing Radiation-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Modulating Sirtuin 1 in Macrophages. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:635. [PMID: 38132956 PMCID: PMC10744970 DOI: 10.3390/md21120635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) triggers an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupting the normal function of both immune and metabolic systems, leading to inflammation and metabolic disturbances. To address the pressing requirement for protection against IR, fucoxanthin (FX), a naturally occurring compound extracted from algae, was utilized as an efficient radioprotective agent in macrophages. In this study, we cultured murine RAW 264.7 macrophages and treated them with FX, along with agents influencing the activity of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and estrogen receptor α (ERα), to investigate their impact on IR-induced cellular responses. FX significantly attenuated IR-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes (Il1b, Tnf, and Ccl2) and inhibited macrophage polarization toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype. Additionally, FX regulated IR-induced metabolic genes mediating glycolysis and mitochondrial biogenesis. The ability of FX to mitigate IR-induced inflammation and glycolysis was ascribed to the expression and activity of SIRT1 and ERα in macrophages. This study not only uncovers the underlying mechanisms of FX's radioprotective properties but also highlights its potential as a protective agent against the detrimental effects of IR, thus offering new opportunities for enhancing radiation protection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-Daero, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seon-Chil Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-Daero, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-Daero, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkee Oh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-Daero, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea;
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12
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Dong H, Wang S, Fu C, Sun Y, Wei T, Ren D, Wang Q. Sodium alginate and chitosan co-modified fucoxanthin liposomes: preparation, bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity. J Microencapsul 2023; 40:649-662. [PMID: 37867421 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2023.2274057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
To improve the stability of fucoxanthin, fucoxanthin liposomes (L) were prepared by the thin-film ultrasound method, and fucoxanthin liposomes were modified with sodium alginate and chitosan by an electrostatic deposition method. The release characteristics of fucoxanthin in different types of liposomes with in vitro gastrointestinal simulation were studied. Under the optimum conditions, the results showed that the encapsulation efficiency of prepared liposomes could reach 88.56 ± 1.40% (m/m), with an average particle size of 295.27 ± 7.28 nm, a Zeta potential of -21.53 ± 2.00 mV, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.323 ± 0.007 and a loading capacity of 33.3 ± 0.03% (m/m). Compared with L and chitosan modified fucoxanthin liposomes (CH), sodium alginate and chitosan modified fucoxanthin liposomes (SA-CH) exhibited higher storage stability, in vitro bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity after gastrointestinal digestion. Sodium alginate and chitosan co-modified liposomes can be developed as formulations for encapsulation and delivery of functional ingredients, providing a theoretical basis for developing new fucoxanthin series products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchun Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Cong Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Yanxiaofan Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Tuantuan Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Dandan Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, PR China
- National R & D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian, PR China
| | - Qiukuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, PR China
- National R & D Branch Center for Seaweed Processing, Dalian, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Utilization of Liaoning Province, Dalian, PR China
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Terasaki M, Tsuruoka K, Tanaka T, Maeda H, Shibata M, Miyashita K, Kanemitsu Y, Sekine S, Takahashi M, Yagishita S, Hamada A. Fucoxanthin Inhibits Development of Sigmoid Colorectal Cancer in a PDX Model With Alterations of Growth, Adhesion, and Cell Cycle Signals. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2023; 20:686-705. [PMID: 38035706 PMCID: PMC10687734 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Fucoxanthin (Fx), a dietary marine xanthophyll, exerts potent anticancer effects in various colorectal cancer (CRC) animal models. However, therapeutic effects of Fx in human cancer tissues remain unclear. A patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model transplanted with cancer tissues from patients is widely accepted as the best preclinical model for evaluating the anticancer potential of drug candidates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, we investigated the anticancer effects of Fx in PDX mice transplanted with cancer tissues derived from a patient with CRC (CRC-PDX) using LC-MS/MS- and western blot-based proteome analysis. RESULTS The tumor in the patient with CRC was a primary adenocarcinoma (T3N0M0, stage II) showing mutations of certain genes that were tumor protein p53 (TP53), AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A), neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS), and PMS1 homolog 2 (PMS2). Administration of Fx significantly suppressed the tumor growth (0.6-fold) and tended to induce differentiation in CRC-PDX mice. Fx up-regulated glycanated-decorin (Gc-DCN) expression, and down-regulated Kinetochore-associated protein DSN1 homolog (DSN1), phospho(p) focal adhesion kinase (pFAK)(Tyr397), pPaxillin(Tyr31), and c-MYC involved in growth, adhesion, and/or cell cycle, in the tumors of CRC-PDX mice than in control mice. Alterations in the five proteins were consistent with those in human CRC HT-29 and HCT116 cells treated with fucoxanthinol (FxOH, a major metabolite of Fx). CONCLUSION Fx suppresses development of human-like CRC tissues, especially through growth, adhesion, and cell cycle signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Terasaki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan;
- Advanced Research Promotion Center, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kirara Tsuruoka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Research Center of Diagnostic Pathology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hayato Maeda
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Masaki Shibata
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan
| | | | - Yukihide Kanemitsu
- Colorectal Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Sekine
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yagishita
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Hamada
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Yeh YC, Ebbing T, Frick K, Schmid-Staiger U, Haasdonk B, Tovar GEM. Improving Determination of Pigment Contents in Microalgae Suspension with Absorption Spectroscopy: Light Scattering Effect and Bouguer-Lambert-Beer Law. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:619. [PMID: 38132940 PMCID: PMC10744667 DOI: 10.3390/md21120619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bouguer-Lambert-Beer (BLB) law serves as the fundamental basis for the spectrophotometric determination of pigment content in microalgae. Although it has been observed that the applicability of the BLB law is compromised by the light scattering effect in microalgae suspensions, in-depth research concerning the relationship between the light scattering effect and the accuracy of spectrophotometric pigment determination remains scarce. We hypothesized that (1) the precision of spectrophotometric pigment content determination using the BLB law would diminish with increasing nonlinearity of absorbance, and (2) employing the modified version of the BLB (mBLB) law would yield superior performance. To assess our hypotheses, we cultivated Phaeodactylum tricornutum under varying illumination conditions and nitrogen supplies in controlled indoor experiments, resulting in suspensions with diverse pigment contents. Subsequently, P. tricornutum samples were diluted into subsamples, and spectral measurements were conducted using different combinations of biomass concentrations and path lengths. This was carried out to assess the applicability of the BLB law and the nonlinearity of absorbance. The chlorophyll a and fucoxanthin contents in the samples were analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and subsequently used in our modeling. Our findings confirm our hypotheses, showing that the modified BLB law outperforms the original BLB law in terms of the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE): 6.3% for chlorophyll a and 5.8% for fucoxanthin, compared to 8.5% and 7.9%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Cheng Yeh
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (T.E.); (U.S.-S.); (G.E.M.T.)
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology, University of Stuttgart, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tobias Ebbing
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (T.E.); (U.S.-S.); (G.E.M.T.)
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology, University of Stuttgart, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Konstantin Frick
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (T.E.); (U.S.-S.); (G.E.M.T.)
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology, University of Stuttgart, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schmid-Staiger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (T.E.); (U.S.-S.); (G.E.M.T.)
| | - Bernard Haasdonk
- Institute of Applied Analysis and Numerical Simulation, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Günter E. M. Tovar
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (T.E.); (U.S.-S.); (G.E.M.T.)
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology, University of Stuttgart, Nobelstraße 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Yang Z, Yang R, Zhu D, Wei D. [Promoting fucoxanthin accumulation in Phaeodactylum tricornutum by multiple nitrogen supplementation and blue light enhancement]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2023; 39:4580-4592. [PMID: 38013185 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.230192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to promote fucoxanthin accumulation in Phaeodactylum tricornutum by photo-fermentation through optimizing the mode of multiple nitrogen supplementation and blue light enhancement. The results showed that the mixed nitrogen source (tryptone: urea=1:1, N mol/N mol; total nitrogen concentration at 0.02 mol/L) added to the culture system by six times was the best mode in shake flasks. Two-phase culture with light adjustment was then carried out in 5 L photo-fermenter with an enhanced blue light (R: G: B=67.1:16.7:16.3) in the second phase, leading to improved cell density (1.12×108 cells/mL), biomass productivity (330 mg/(d·L)), fucoxanthin content (19.62 mg/g), titer (69.71 mg/L) and productivity (6.97 mg/(d·L)). Compared with one-phase culture under red/blue (R: G: B=70.9:18.3:10.9) light and six-times nitrogen supplementation, the fucoxanthin content was significantly increased by 7.68% (P < 0.05) but the productivity did not change significantly (P > 0.05). Compared with one-phase culture under red/blue (R: G: B=70.9:18.3:10.9) light and one-time nitrogen supplementation, the content and productivity of fucoxanthin were significantly increased by 45.98% and 48.30% (P < 0.05), respectively. This study developed a two-phase culture mode with multiple nitrogen supplementation and blue light enhancement, which effectively promoted the accumulation of fucoxanthin and improved the efficiency of nitrogen source utilization, thus providing a new approach for fucoxanthin accumulation in P. tricornutum by photo-fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiong Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Runqing Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Defei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
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Koshak MF, El-Readi MZ, Elzubier ME, Refaat B, Almaimani RA, Idris S, Althubiti M, Al-Amodi HS, Eid SY. Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Protective Effects of Fucoxanthin against Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:592. [PMID: 37999416 PMCID: PMC10672227 DOI: 10.3390/md21110592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracetamol or acetaminophen (PAC) is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic drug. It has been shown that overdoses beyond the therapeutic range can cause hepatotoxicity and acute liver injury. The most common cause of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in Saudi Arabia and worldwide is paracetamol overdose. Fucoxanthin (FUC) is an allenic carotenoid that is found in edible brown seaweeds, and it has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Several studies have shown the potential therapeutic effects of FUC in diabetes, cancers, and inflammatory disorders. This study aims to investigate the protective effect of FUC against PAC-induced acute liver injury in rats. FUC was administered (100, 200, and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) for 7 days, and then the liver injury was induced by the administration of PAC (2000 mg/kg, oral). Blood and liver tissue samples were collected from PAC-positive untreated, treated, and negative control rats. Biochemical and inflammatory parameters in the blood were measured. In addition, RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were performed for liver tissue. The serum levels of liver biomarkers (ALT, AST, and ALP) increased after PAC-induced liver toxicity; FUC-treated rats showed lower levels compared to the positive control. There was an increase in the expression of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, NF-kB, INF-γ, and iNOS and a decrease in IL-10, IL-22, and IL-10R expression after the FUC treatment of injured liver rats. For the hepatic inflammation and PAC-toxicity-induced oxidative stress genes and proteins, FUC-treated rats (100, 200, and 500 mg/kg) showed a reduction in the expression of oxidative stress genes. These results showed that FUC protected the liver against PAC-induced injury through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. However, further clinical studies are required to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maimonah Fuad Koshak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Zaki El-Readi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Elzubier Elzubier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassem Refaat
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, P.O. Box 7607, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad Adnan Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Idris
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, P.O. Box 7607, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Althubiti
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hiba Saeed Al-Amodi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safaa Yehia Eid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Teng C, Wu J, Zhang Z, Wang J, Yang Y, Dong C, Wu L, Lin Z, Hu Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Lin Z. Fucoxanthin ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibits apoptosis and alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration in rats by upregulating Sirt1. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 37918392 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells are considered to be the main pathological factors of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Fucoxanthin (FX), a marine carotenoid extracted from microalgae, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of FX on NP cells induced by oxidative stress and its molecular mechanism. Primary NP cells of the lumbar vertebrae of rats were extracted and tested in vitro. qRT-PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and TUNEL staining were used to detect apoptosis, ERS, extracellular matrix (ECM), and Sirt1-related pathways. In vivo experiments, the recovery of IDD rats was determined by X-ray, hematoxylin and eosin, Safranin-O/Fast Green, Alcian staining, and immunohistochemistry. Our study showed that oxidative stress induced ERS, apoptosis, and ECM degradation in NP cells. After the use of FX, the expression of Sirt1 was up-regulated, the activation of PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP was decreased, and apoptosis and ECM degradation were decreased. At the same time, FX improved the degree of disc degeneration in rats in vivo. Our study demonstrates the effect of FX on improving IDD in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that FX may be a potential drug for the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Teng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingtao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinquan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengji Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuezheng Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Chinese Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Society, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongke Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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18
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Li F, Rui X, Amenorfenyo DK, Pan Y, Huang X, Li C. Effects of Temperature, Light and Salt on the Production of Fucoxanthin from Conticribra weissflogii. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:495. [PMID: 37755108 PMCID: PMC10532545 DOI: 10.3390/md21090495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin is a natural active substance derived from diatoms that is beneficial to the growth and immunity of humans and aquatic animals. Temperature, light and salinity are important environmental factors affecting the accumulation of diatom actives; however, their effects on the production of fucoxanthin in C. weissflogii are unclear. In this study, single-factor experiments are designed and followed by an orthogonal experiment to determine the optimal combination of fucoxanthin production conditions in C. weissflogii. The results showed that the optimum conditions for fucoxanthin production were a temperature of 30 °C, a light intensity of 30 umol m-2 s-1 and a salinity of 25. Under these conditions, the cell density, biomass, carotenoid content and fucoxanthin content of C. weissflogii reached 1.97 × 106 cell mL-1, 0.76 g L-1, 2.209 mg L-1 and 1.372 mg g-1, respectively, which were increased to 1.53, 1.71, 2.50 and 1.48 times higher than their initial content. The work sought to give useful information that will lead to an improved understanding of the effective method of cultivation of C. weissflogii for natural fucoxanthin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhangjiang 524088, China; (X.R.); (D.K.A.); (Y.P.); (X.H.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Changling Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhangjiang 524088, China; (X.R.); (D.K.A.); (Y.P.); (X.H.)
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19
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Ahmed SA, Mendonca P, Messeha SS, Soliman KFA. Anticancer Effects of Fucoxanthin through Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis Induction, and Angiogenesis Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:6536. [PMID: 37764312 PMCID: PMC10535858 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The absence of progesterone receptors, estrogen receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 restricts the therapy choices for treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Moreover, conventional medication is not highly effective in treating TNBC, and developing effective therapeutic agents from natural bioactive compounds is a viable option. In this study, the anticancer effects of the natural compound fucoxanthin were investigated in two genetically different models of TNBC cells: MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Fucoxanthin had a significant anticancer effect in both cell lines at a concentration range of 1.56-300 µM. The compound decreased cell viability in both cell lines with higher potency in MDA-MB-468 cells. Meanwhile, proliferation assays showed similar antiproliferative effects in both cell lines after 48 h and 72 h treatment periods. Flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay revealed the ability of fucoxanthin to induce apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 only. Cell cycle arrest analysis showed that the compound also induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase in both cell lines, accompanied by more cell cycle arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells at S-phase and a higher cell cycle arrest in the MDA-MB-468 cells at G2-phase. Wound healing and migration assay showed that in both cell lines, fucoxanthin prevented migration, but was more effective in MDA-MB-231 cells in a shorter time. In both angiogenic cytokine array and RT-PCR studies, fucoxanthin (6.25 µM) downregulated VEGF-A and -C expression in TNF-α-stimulated (50 ng/mL) MDA-MB-231, but not in MDA-MB-468 cells on the transcription and protein levels. In conclusion, this study shows that fucoxanthin was more effective in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells, where it can target VEGF-A and VEGF-C, inhibit cell proliferation and cell migration, and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-the most crucial cellular processes involved in breast cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shade’ A. Ahmed
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Patricia Mendonca
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Samia S. Messeha
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;
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20
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Su J, Guan B, Chen K, Feng Z, Guo K, Wang X, Xiao J, Chen S, Chen W, Chen L, Chen Q. Fucoxanthin Attenuates Inflammation via Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3) to Improve Sepsis. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:12497-12510. [PMID: 37560933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Suppression of excessive inflammatory responses improves the survival of patients with sepsis. We previously illustrated the anti-inflammatory effects of fucoxanthin (FX), a natural carotenoid isolated from brown algae; nevertheless, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we examine the mechanism of the action of FX by targeting interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) to inhibit inflammatory response. We observed that FX regulated innate immunity by inhibiting IRF3 phosphorylation in vitro. The in silico approach demonstrated a good binding mode between FX and IRF3. To examine the in vivo effects of FX, a mouse model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was created using both wild-type (WT) and Irf3-/- mice. FX significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and reactive oxygen species production, changed the circulating immune cell composition, and increased the survival rate of the CLP-induced sepsis model. Overall, FX ameliorated sepsis by targeting IRF3 activation, providing novel insights into the therapeutic potential and molecular mechanism of action of FX in the treatment of sepsis and suggesting that it may be used clinically to improve the survival rate in mice undergoing sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Biyun Guan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Kunsen Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Zhihua Feng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Jianbin Xiao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Wenzhi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Neurocritical Care, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
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21
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Hong DD, Thom LT, Ha NC, Thu NTH, Hien HTM, Tam LT, Dat NM, Duc TM, Tru NV, Hang NTM, Ambati RR. Isolation of Fucoxanthin from Sargassum oligocystum Montagne, 1845 Seaweed in Vietnam and Its Neuroprotective Activity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2310. [PMID: 37626806 PMCID: PMC10452663 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin extracted and purified from Vietnamese Sargassum oligocystum Montagne, 1845 exhibits various biological activities. In this study, the ability of fucoxanthin to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the antioxidant activities, and the expression of antioxidant enzymes were investigated. Fucoxanthin isolated from Vietnamese S. oligocystum showed no cytotoxic effects; moreover, it exhibited AChE inhibitory activity (with an IC50 value of 130.12 ± 6.65 μg mL-1) and antioxidant activity (with an IC50 value of 3.42 ± 0.15 mg mL-1). At concentrations of 50 and 100 µg mL-1, fucoxanthin provided protection against amyloid β-protein fragment 25-35-induced neurotoxicity in a C6 neuronal cell line, and the survival of C6 cells was higher than 81.01% and 80.98%, respectively, compared to the control group (59%). Moreover, antioxidant enzyme activity and quantitative PCR analysis suggested that the neuroprotective effect of fucoxanthin resulted from regulation of the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (CAT and GPx) and ER pathways (caspase-3 and Bax), as well as the promotion of expression of genes involved in PI3K/Akt signaling (GSK-3β), autophagy (p62 and ATG5), and the biosynthesis of ACh (VAChT and ChAT). Therefore, fucoxanthin extracted from the seaweed S. oligocystum in Vietnam is a potential feedstock source for the production of health foods that exert neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Diem Hong
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (L.T.T.); (N.C.H.); (N.T.H.T.); (H.T.M.H.); (L.T.T.); (N.M.D.); (N.V.T.)
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Thom
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (L.T.T.); (N.C.H.); (N.T.H.T.); (H.T.M.H.); (L.T.T.); (N.M.D.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Nguyen Cam Ha
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (L.T.T.); (N.C.H.); (N.T.H.T.); (H.T.M.H.); (L.T.T.); (N.M.D.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Ngo Thi Hoai Thu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (L.T.T.); (N.C.H.); (N.T.H.T.); (H.T.M.H.); (L.T.T.); (N.M.D.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Hoang Thi Minh Hien
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (L.T.T.); (N.C.H.); (N.T.H.T.); (H.T.M.H.); (L.T.T.); (N.M.D.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Luu Thi Tam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (L.T.T.); (N.C.H.); (N.T.H.T.); (H.T.M.H.); (L.T.T.); (N.M.D.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Nguyen Manh Dat
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (L.T.T.); (N.C.H.); (N.T.H.T.); (H.T.M.H.); (L.T.T.); (N.M.D.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Tran Mai Duc
- Nha Trang Institute of Technology Research and Application, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Nha Trang 57100, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Van Tru
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (L.T.T.); (N.C.H.); (N.T.H.T.); (H.T.M.H.); (L.T.T.); (N.M.D.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Nguyen Thi Minh Hang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str., Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Ranga Rao Ambati
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to Be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, India;
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22
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Lourenço-Lopes C, Silva A, Garcia-Oliveira P, Soria-Lopez A, Echave J, Grosso C, Cassani L, Barroso MF, Simal-Gandara J, Fraga-Corral M, Prieto MA. Kinetic Extraction of Fucoxanthin from Undaria pinnatifida Using Ethanol as a Solvent. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:414. [PMID: 37504945 PMCID: PMC10381705 DOI: 10.3390/md21070414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (Fx) has been proven to exert numerous biological properties, which makes it an interesting molecule with diverse industrial applications. In this study, the kinetic behavior of Fx was studied to optimize three variables: time (t-3 min to 7 days), temperature (T-5 to 85 °C), and concentration of ethanol in water (S-50 to 100%, v/v), in order to obtain the best Fx yield from Undaria pinnatifida using conventional heat extraction. The Fx content (Y1) was found through HPLC-DAD and expressed in µg Fx/g of algae sample dry weight (AS dw). Furthermore, extraction yield (Y2) was also found through dry weight analysis and was expressed in mg extract (E)/g AS dw. The purity of the extracts (Y3) was found and expressed in mg Fx/g E dw. The optimal conditions selected for Y1 were T = 45 °C, S = 70%, and t = 66 min, obtaining ~5.24 mg Fx/g AS; for Y2 were T = 65 °C, S = 60%, and t = ~10 min, obtaining ~450 mg E/g AS; and for Y3 were T = 45 °C, S = 70%, and t = 45 min, obtaining ~12.3 mg Fx/g E. In addition, for the selected optimums, a full screening of pigments was performed by HPLC-DAD, while phenolics and flavonoids were quantified by spectrophotometric techniques and several biological properties were evaluated (namely, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cholinesterase inhibitory activity). These results could be of interest for future applications in the food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical industries, as they show the Fx kinetic behavior and could help reduce costs associated with energy and solvent consumption while maximizing the extraction yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Lourenço-Lopes
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain (L.C.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Aurora Silva
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain (L.C.); (J.S.-G.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.G.); (M.F.B.)
| | - Paula Garcia-Oliveira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain (L.C.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Anton Soria-Lopez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain (L.C.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Javier Echave
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain (L.C.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Clara Grosso
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.G.); (M.F.B.)
| | - Lucia Cassani
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain (L.C.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Maria Fatima Barroso
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (C.G.); (M.F.B.)
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain (L.C.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Maria Fraga-Corral
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain (L.C.); (J.S.-G.)
| | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, Universidade de Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain (L.C.); (J.S.-G.)
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López-Ramos A, González-Ortiz M, Martínez-Abundis E, Pérez-Rubio KG. Effect of Fucoxanthin on Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Sensitivity, and Insulin Secretion. J Med Food 2023. [PMID: 37405785 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fucoxanthin on metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in 28 patients diagnosed with MetS. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 12 mg of fucoxanthin or placebo once a day for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, the components of MetS, insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), first phase of insulin secretion (Stumvoll index), and total insulin secretion were evaluated during a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. After fucoxanthin administration, significant differences were observed in body weight (BW) (80.6 ± 11.2 vs. 79.16 ± 12.3 kg, P < .01), body mass index (BMI) (31.1 ± 3.6 vs. 30.3 ± 3.7 kg/m2, P < .01), waist circumference (WC) (101.2 ± 9.1 vs. 98.9 ± 9.3 cm, P < .01), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (126.1 ± 10.3 vs. 120.8 ± 9.7 mmHg, P < .01), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (81.5 ± 6.5 vs. 78.6 ± 6.3 mmHg, P < .01), triglycerides (TG) (2.2 ± 0.7 vs. 2.1 ± 0.7 mmol/L, P < .01), Stumvoll index (2403 ± 621 vs. 2907 ± 732, P < .05), and total insulin secretion (0.84 ± 0.31 vs. 1.02 ± 0.32, P < .05). In conclusion, fucoxanthin administration leads to a decrease in BW, BMI, WC, SBP, DBP, TG, as well as increase in the first phase of insulin secretion and total insulin secretion in patients with MetS. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT03613740.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando López-Ramos
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Manuel González-Ortiz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Biomedical Research Center, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Esperanza Martínez-Abundis
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Biomedical Research Center, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Karina G Pérez-Rubio
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Biomedical Research Center, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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24
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Ben Ammar R, Zahra HA, Abu Zahra AM, Alfwuaires M, Abdulaziz Alamer S, Metwally AM, Althnaian TA, Al-Ramadan SY. Protective Effect of Fucoxanthin on Zearalenone-Induced Hepatic Damage through Nrf2 Mediated by PI3K/AKT Signaling. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:391. [PMID: 37504922 PMCID: PMC10381773 DOI: 10.3390/md21070391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatotoxic contaminants such as zearalenone (ZEA) are widely present in foods. Marine algae have a wide range of potential applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food products. Research is ongoing to develop treatments and products based on the compounds found in algae. Fucoxanthin (FXN) is a brown-algae-derived dietary compound that is reported to prevent hepatotoxicity caused by ZEA. This compound has multiple biological functions, including anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer properties. Furthermore, FXN is a powerful antioxidant. In this study, we examined the effects of FXN on ZEA-induced stress and inflammation in HepG2 cells. MTT assays, ROS generation assays, Western blots, and apoptosis analysis were used to evaluate the effects of FXN on ZEA-induced HepG2 cell inflammation. Pre-incubation with FXN reduced the cytotoxicity of ZEA toward HepG2 cells. FXN inhibited the ZEA-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Moreover, FXN increased HO-1 expression in HepG2 by activating the PI3K/AKT/NRF2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, FXN inhibits ZEA-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in hepatocytes by targeting Nrf2 via activating PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebai Ben Ammar
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Technopole of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Hamad Abu Zahra
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Manal Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Abdulaziz Alamer
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf M Metwally
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Thnaian A Althnaian
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Y Al-Ramadan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Turck D, Bohn T, Castenmiller J, De Henauw S, Hirsch-Ernst KI, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Naska A, Pelaez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Aguilera-Gómez M, Cubadda F, Frenzel T, Heinonen M, Marchelli R, Neuhäuser-Berthold M, Poulsen M, Prieto Maradona M, Siskos A, Schlatter JR, van Loveren H, Muñoz González A, Rossi A, Ververis E, Knutsen HK. Safety of an ethanolic extract of the dried biomass of the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. EFSA J 2023; 21:e08072. [PMID: 37448447 PMCID: PMC10336653 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on an ethanolic extract of the dried biomass of the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum as a novel food (NF) pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. The NF is an ethanolic extract of the dried biomass of the microalga P. tricornutum diluted in a medium-chain triglyceride oil carrier, with standardised fucoxanthin and tocopherol content. The main component of the NF is fat (78% on average), followed by crude protein (10% on average). The Panel is of the view that a consistent and safe production process has not been demonstrated. Additionally, the Panel considers that the information provided on the composition of the NF is not complete and may raise safety concerns. The applicant proposed to use the NF as a food supplement at the use level of 437 mg/day, with the target population being adults, excluding pregnant and breastfeeding women. There is no history of use of the NF or of its source, i.e. P. tricornutum. The Panel notes that the source of the NF, P. tricornutum, was not granted the qualified presumption of safety (QPS) status by the EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ), due to the lack of a safe history of use in the food chain and on its potential for production of bioactive compounds with toxic effects. There were no concerns regarding genotoxicity of the NF. In the 90-day study provided, a number of adverse effects were observed, some of them seen already at the lowest dose tested (750 mg/kg body weight (bw) day), which was identified by the Panel as the lowest-observed-adverse-effect-level (LOAEL). The potential phototoxicity of pheophorbide A and pyropheophorbide A in the NF was not addressed in this study. Although noting the uncertainties identified by the Panel regarding the analytical determination of these substances in the NF and the limitations in the publicly available toxicity data, a low margin of exposure (MoE) was calculated for these substances at the proposed use levels. The Panel concludes that the safety of the NF under the proposed uses and use levels has not been established.
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Lu J, Wu XJ, Hassouna A, Wang KS, Li Y, Feng T, Zhao Y, Jin M, Zhang B, Ying T, Li J, Cheng L, Liu J, Huang Y. Gemcitabine‑ fucoxanthin combination in human pancreatic cancer cells. Biomed Rep 2023; 19:46. [PMID: 37324167 PMCID: PMC10265583 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine is a chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer treatment. It has also been demonstrated to inhibit human pancreatic cancer cell lines, MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1. The aim of the present study was to investigate the suppressive effect of fucoxanthin, a marine carotenoid, in combination with gemcitabine on pancreatic cancer cells. MTT assays and cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry were performed to study the mechanism of action. The results revealed that combining a low dose of fucoxanthin with gemcitabine enhanced the cell viability of human embryonic kidney cells, 293, while a high dose of fucoxanthin enhanced the inhibitory effect of gemcitabine on the cell viability of this cell line. In addition, the enhanced effect of fucoxanthin on the inhibitory effect of gemcitabine on PANC-1 cells was significant (P<0.01). Fucoxanthin combined with gemcitabine also exerted significant enhancement of the anti-proliferation effect in MIA PaCa-2 cells in a concentration dependent manner (P<0.05), compared with gemcitabine treatment alone. In conclusion, fucoxanthin improved the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine on human pancreatic cancer cells at concentrations that were not cytotoxic to non-cancer cells. Thus, fucoxanthin has the potential to be used as an adjunct in pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- College of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P.R. China
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518071, P.R. China
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P.R. China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Xiaowu Jenifer Wu
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Amira Hassouna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11956, Egypt
| | - Kelvin Sheng Wang
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yan Li
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tao Feng
- College of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P.R. China
| | - Minfeng Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P.R. China
| | - Baohong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Tianlei Ying
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, P.R. China
| | - Lufeng Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Johnson Liu
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yue Huang
- Shanghai Business School, Fengxian, Shanghai 201499, P.R. China
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27
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Kahraman C, Kaya Bilecenoglu D, Sabuncuoglu S, Cankaya IT. Toxicology of pharmaceutical and nutritional longevity compounds. Expert Rev Mol Med 2023; 25:e28. [PMID: 37345424 PMCID: PMC10752229 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor for many diseases, which is considered to be a complicated biological process. The rate of aging depends on the effectiveness of important mechanisms such as the protection of DNA from free radicals, which protects the structural and functional integrity of cells and tissues. In any organism, not all organs may age at the same rate. Slowing down primary aging and reaching maximum lifespan is the most basic necessity. In this process, it may be possible to slow down or stabilise some diseases by using the compounds for both dietary and pharmacological purposes. Natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, mostly plant-based nutraceuticals, are preferred in the treatment of age-related chronic diseases and can also be used for other diseases. An increasing number of long-term studies on synthetic and natural compounds aim to elucidate preclinically and clinically the mechanisms underlying being healthy and prolongation of life. To delay age-related diseases and prolong the lifespan, it is necessary to take these compounds with diet or pharmaceuticals, along with detailed toxicological results. In this review, the most promising and utilised compounds will be highlighted and it will be discussed whether they have toxic effects in short/long-term use, although they are thought to be used safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem Kahraman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Suna Sabuncuoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Irem Tatli Cankaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
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28
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Lee KY, Kim JM, Chun J, Heo HJ, Park CE, Choi SG. Miyeokgui ( Undaria pinnatifida Sporophyll) Characteristic under Different Relative Humidity: Microbial Safety, Antioxidant Activity, Ascorbic Acid, Fucoxanthin, α-/ β-/ γ-Tocopherol Contents. Foods 2023; 12:2342. [PMID: 37372554 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different relative humidities (%) on the microbial safety, antioxidant activity, ascorbic acid, fucoxanthin, and tocopherol contents of Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll powder (UPSP) stored for 4 weeks. The caking phenomenon did not occur in the 11-53% relative humidity conditions, but it did in the 69%, 81%, and 93% relative humidity conditions with caking index values of 88.30%, 99.75%, and 99.98%, respectively. The aerobic bacterial contents increased drastically in samples stored at 69-93% relative humidity. Ascorbic acid was unstable at high relative humidity, but fucoxanthin and tocopherol were more unstable at low relative humidity. Therefore, it was most stable at intermediate relative humidity. The 69% relative humidity sample had higher DPPH (12.57 g BHAE/kg), ABTS (4.87 g AAE/kg), and FRAP (4.60 g Fe (II)/kg) than the other samples. This study could be helpful for the storage and transport of UPSP under optimum relative humidity conditions, which can significantly prevent quality losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Chun
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Heo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Eun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gil Choi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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29
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Ziyab AH, Jones AD, Chen S, Anthony TM, Mukherjee N, Arshad SH, Karmaus W. Fucoxanthin levels in maternal serum at birth and eczema risk in offspring in early childhood: A birth cohort study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13979. [PMID: 37366203 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fucoxanthin, a marine xanthophyll carotenoid, has been shown to exert beneficial health effects. Cell-based and animal-based experimental studies have shown that fucoxanthin has the potential to mitigate eczema symptoms. Hence, we sought to assess whether fucoxanthinol 3-arachidate, a fucoxanthin metabolite, measured in maternal serum at birth is associated with eczema development during early childhood. METHODS Data from the 1989/1990 Isle of Wight birth cohort were analyzed. We focused on data obtained from the 1, 2, and 4 years follow-ups. Fucoxanthinol 3-arachidate was measured in maternal serum at the child's birth as abundance relative to the reference lipids. Eczema was ascertained according to parent-reported clinical history and characteristic morphology and distribution. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate adjusted risk ratios (aRR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS A total of 592 subjects (49.2% males and 50.8% females) were included in the current analysis. Associations between fucoxanthinol 3-arachidate levels and eczema risk during the first 4 years of life (longitudinal analysis) were evaluated using four modeling approaches, which showed higher fucoxanthinol 3-arachidate levels were associated with reduced eczema risk: (i) aRRper 10 unit increase = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.76-1.03; (ii) aRR>0 vs. =0 = 0.67, 0.45-0.99; (iii) aRR≥2.3 vs. <2.3 = 0.66, 0.44-0.98; and (iv) aRRtertile 3 vs. tertile 1 = 0.65, 0.42-0.99. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that increased fucoxanthinol 3-arachidate levels measured in maternal serum at the child's birth is associated with reduced eczema risk during the first 4 years of the offspring life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Ziyab
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - A Daniel Jones
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Su Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Thilani M Anthony
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Nandini Mukherjee
- Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Syed Hasan Arshad
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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30
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Fatima I, Munir M, Qureshi R, Hanif U, Gulzar N, Sheikh AA. Advanced methods of algal pigments extraction: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37233148 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2216782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Algae are exclusively aquatic photosynthetic organisms that are microscopic or macroscopic, unicellular or multicellular and distributed across the globe. They are a potential source of food, feed, medicine and natural pigments. A variety of natural pigments are available from algae including chlorophyll a, b, c d, phycobiliproteins, carotenes and xanthophylls. The xanthophylls include acyloxyfucoxanthin, alloxanthin, astaxanthin, crocoxanthin, diadinoxanthin, diatoxanthin, fucoxanthin, loroxanthin, monadoxanthin, neoxanthin, nostoxanthin, perdinin, Prasinoxanthin, siphonaxanthin, vaucheriaxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, while carotenes include echinenone, α-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, lycopene, phytoene, phytofluene. These pigments have applications as pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals and in the food industry for beverages and animal feed production. The conventional methods for the extraction of pigments are solid-liquid extraction, liquid-liquid extraction and soxhlet extraction. All these methods are less efficient, time-consuming and have higher solvent consumption. For a standardized extraction of natural pigments from algal biomass advanced procedures are in practice which includes Supercritical fluid extraction, Pressurized liquid extraction, Microwave-assisted extraction, Pulsed electric field, Moderate electric field, Ultrahigh pressure extraction, Ultrasound-assisted extraction, Subcritical dimethyl ether extraction, Enzyme assisted extraction and Natural deep eutectic solvents. In the present review, these methods for pigment extraction from algae are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishrat Fatima
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mubashrah Munir
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Uzma Hanif
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nabila Gulzar
- Department of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Ahmad Sheikh
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Macías-de la Rosa A, González-Cardoso MÁ, Cerón-García MDC, López-Rosales L, Gallardo-Rodríguez JJ, Seoane S, Sánchez-Mirón A, García-Camacho F. Bioactives Overproduction through Operational Strategies in the Ichthyotoxic Microalga Heterosigma akashiwo Culture. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15050349. [PMID: 37235383 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15050349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The red tide-forming microalga Heterosigma akashiwo has been associated with massive events of fish deaths, both wild and cultured. Culture conditions are responsible for the synthesis or accumulation of some metabolites with different interesting bioactivities. H. akashiwo LC269919 strain was grown in a 10 L bubble column photobioreactor artificially illuminated with multi-coloured LED lights. Growth and production of exopolysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and carotenoids were evaluated under different culture modes (batch, fed-batch, semicontinuous, and continuous) at two irradiance levels (300 and 700 µE·s-1·m-2). Continuous mode at the dilution rate of 0.2·day-1 and 700 µE·s-1·m-2 provided the highest production of biomass, PUFAs (132.6 and 2.3 mg·L-1·day-1), and maximum fucoxanthin productivity (0.16 mg·L-1·day-1). The fed-batch mode accumulated exopolysaccharides in a concentration (1.02 g·L-1) 10-fold over the batch mode. An extraction process based on a sequential gradient partition with water and four water-immiscible organic solvents allowed the isolation of bioactive fucoxanthin from methanolic extracts of H. akashiwo. Metabolites present in H. akashiwo, fucoxanthin and polar lipids (i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)), or probably such as phytosterol (β-Sitosterol) from other microalgae, were responsible for the antitumor activity obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Del Carmen Cerón-García
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Research Centre Ciambital, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Lorenzo López-Rosales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Research Centre Ciambital, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Juan José Gallardo-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Research Centre Ciambital, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Sergio Seoane
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080 Bilbao, Spain
- Technology and Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Asterio Sánchez-Mirón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Research Centre Ciambital, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
| | - Francisco García-Camacho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
- Research Centre Ciambital, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain
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Smeriglio A, Lionti J, Ingegneri M, Burlando B, Cornara L, Grillo F, Mastracci L, Trombetta D. Xanthophyll-Rich Extract of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin as New Photoprotective Cosmeceutical Agent: Safety and Efficacy Assessment on In Vitro Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104190. [PMID: 37241930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The nutritional and health properties of algae make them perfect functional ingredients for nutraceutical and cosmeceutical applications. In this study, the Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (Phaeodactylaceae), a pleiomorphic diatom commonly found in marine ecosystems, was investigated. The in vitro culture conditions used favoured the fusiform morphotype, characterized by a high accumulation of neutral lipids, as detected by fluorescence microscopy after BODIPY staining. These data were confirmed by HPLC-DAD-APCI-MS/MS analyses carried out on the ethanolic extract (PTE), which showed a high content of xanthophylls (98.99%), and in particular of fucoxanthin (Fx, 6.67 g/100 g PTE). The antioxidant activity (ORAC, FRAP, TEAC and β-carotene bleaching) and photostability of PTE and Fx against UVA and UVB rays were firstly evaluated by in vitro cell-free assays. After this, phototoxicity and photoprotective studies were carried out on in vitro reconstructed human epidermidis models. Results demonstrated that PTE (0.1% Fx) and 0.1% Fx, both photostable, significantly (p < 0.05) reduce oxidative and inflammatory stress markers (ROS, NO and IL-1α), as well as cytotoxicity and sunburn cells induced by UVA and UVB doses simulating the solar radiation, with an excellent safety profile. However, PTE proved to be more effective than Fx, suggesting its effective and safe use in broad-spectrum sunscreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Joseph Lionti
- Archimede Ricerche Srl, Corso Italia 220, 18033 Camporosso, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Via Leon Battista Alberti, 2, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Ingegneri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Burlando
- Department of Pharmacy-DIFAR, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences (ChiBioFarAm), University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Winarto J, Song DG, Pan CH. The Role of Fucoxanthin in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098203. [PMID: 37175909 PMCID: PMC10179653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease (CLD) has emerged as a leading cause of human deaths. It caused 1.32 million deaths in 2017, which affected men more than women by a two-to-one ratio. There are various causes of CLD, including obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, and viral infection. Among them, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), one of obesity-induced liver diseases, is the major cause, representing the cause of more than 50% of cases. Fucoxanthin, a carotenoid mainly found in brown seaweed, exhibits various biological activities against NAFLD. Its role in NAFLD appears in several mechanisms, such as inducing thermogenesis in mitochondrial homeostasis, altering lipid metabolism, and promoting anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. The corresponding altered signaling pathways are the β3-adorenarine receptor (β3Ad), proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PGC-1), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase B (AKT), SMAD2/3, and P13K/Akt pathways. Fucoxanthin also exhibits anti-fibrogenic activity that prevents non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Winarto
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Geun Song
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, KIST Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
- Microalgae Ask US Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25441, Republic of Korea
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Lian W, Hu X, Zhang J, Wu Y, Zhao N, Ma H, He H, Lu Q. Fucoxanthin protects retinal ganglion cells and promotes parkin-mediated mitophagy against glutamate excitotoxicity. Neuroreport 2023; 34:385-394. [PMID: 37096783 PMCID: PMC10097491 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify whether fucoxanthin plays a protective role and regulates parkin-mediated mitophagy on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) against glutamate excitotoxicity. METHODS The excitotoxicity model of primary RGCs was carried out with glutamate. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 kit (Abcam, USA). The apoptotic rate and cytotoxicity were detected by Hoechst staining and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kit (Takara, Japan). Mitochondria was assessed by MitoTracker staining and confocal microscopy. The mRNA levels and protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, parkin, optineurin, LC3, and LAMP1 in RGCs were analyzed by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting. Finally, the mitochondrial health score and mitophagy were assessed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Fucoxanthin increased the mitochondrial membrane potential of RGCs, reduced cytotoxicity, and decreased apoptosis in RGCs under glutamate excitotoxicity. It also enhanced expression levels of parkin, optineurin, and LAMP1, and upgraded the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I. Meanwhile, fucoxanthin increased LC3 and MitoTracker co-localization staining. In addition, up-regulated mitochondrial health score, and the number of autophagosomes and mitophagosomes were observed in fucoxanthin-treated RGCs under glutamate excitotoxicity. CONCLUSION Fucoxanthin may exert its neuroprotective effect on RGCs via promoting parkin-mediated mitophagy under glutamate excitotoxicity. The neuroprotective effect of fucoxanthin in glaucomatous neurodegeneration and ocular diseases characterized by impaired mitophagy warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lian
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University
- Health Science Center, The Ningbo University
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ningbo Branch), Ningbo
| | - Xinxin Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ningbo Branch), Ningbo
| | - Juntao Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ningbo Branch), Ningbo
| | - Yufei Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ningbo Branch), Ningbo
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ningbo Branch), Ningbo
| | - Haixia Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University
- Health Science Center, The Ningbo University
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ningbo Branch), Ningbo
| | - Hengqian He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ningbo Branch), Ningbo
| | - Qinkang Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University
- Ningbo Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Ningbo Branch), Ningbo
- The Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Lourenço-Lopes C, Carreira-Casais A, Carperna M, Barral-Martinez M, Chamorro F, Jiménez-López C, Cassani L, Simal-Gandara J, Prieto MA. Emerging Technologies to Extract Fucoxanthin from Undaria pinnatifida: Microwave vs. Ultrasound Assisted Extractions. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:282. [PMID: 37233476 PMCID: PMC10263219 DOI: 10.3390/md21050282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae are an extensive resource for the obtention of bioactive compounds, mainly phenolic compounds, phlorotannins, and pigments. Fucoxanthin (Fx) is the most abundant pigment present in brown algae and has shown several useful bioactivities that can be used to fortify products in the food and cosmetic industries. Nevertheless, to date, there is still insufficient literature reporting on the extraction yield of Fx from U. pinnatifida species from green technologies. In this regard, the present study aims to optimize the extraction conditions to obtain the highest Fx yield from U. pinnatifida through emerging techniques, namely microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). These methods will be compared with the conventional methodologies of heat-assisted extraction (HAE) and Soxhlet-assisted extraction (SAE). According to our results, even though the extraction yield could be slightly higher when using MAE than UAE, the Fx concentration obtained from the alga was double when using UAE. Thus, the Fx ratio in the final extract reached values of 124.39 mg Fx/g E. However, the optimal conditions should also be considered since UAE needed 30 min to perform the extraction, whereas MAE was able to obtain 58.83 mg Fx/g E in only 3 min and 2 bar, meaning less energy expenditure and minimum cost function. To our knowledge, this study obtains the highest concentrations of Fx ever reported (58.83 mg Fx/g E for MAE and 124.39 mg Fx/g E for UAE), with low energy consumption and short times (3.00 min for MAE and 35.16 min for UAE). Any of these results could be selected for further experiments and proposed for industrial scaling-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Lourenço-Lopes
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (C.L.-L.); (A.C.-C.); (M.C.); (M.B.-M.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Anxo Carreira-Casais
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (C.L.-L.); (A.C.-C.); (M.C.); (M.B.-M.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Maria Carperna
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (C.L.-L.); (A.C.-C.); (M.C.); (M.B.-M.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Marta Barral-Martinez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (C.L.-L.); (A.C.-C.); (M.C.); (M.B.-M.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Franklin Chamorro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (C.L.-L.); (A.C.-C.); (M.C.); (M.B.-M.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Cecilia Jiménez-López
- Center for Biomedical Research (CINBIO), Neurocircuits Group, Department of Functional Biology and Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Lagoas, Marcosende, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain;
| | - Lucia Cassani
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (C.L.-L.); (A.C.-C.); (M.C.); (M.B.-M.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (C.L.-L.); (A.C.-C.); (M.C.); (M.B.-M.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
| | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; (C.L.-L.); (A.C.-C.); (M.C.); (M.B.-M.); (F.C.); (M.A.P.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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Sayuti NH, Muhammad Nawawi KN, Goon JA, Mokhtar NM, Makpol S, Tan JK. A Review of the Effects of Fucoxanthin on NAFLD. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081954. [PMID: 37111187 PMCID: PMC10146066 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease. Fucoxanthin, a red-orange marine carotenoid, is found in natural marine seaweeds with high antioxidant activity and several other remarkable biological features. The aim of this review is to gather evidence of the positive benefits of fucoxanthin on NAFLD. Fucoxanthin provides an extensive list of physiological and biological properties, such as hepatoprotective, anti-obesity, anti-tumor, and anti-diabetes properties, in addition to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review focuses on published research on the preventative effects of fucoxanthin on NAFLD from the perspective of human clinical trials, animal experiments in vivo, and in vitro cell investigations. Using a variety of experimental designs, including treatment dosage, experiment model, and experimental periods, the positive effects of fucoxanthin were demonstrated. Fucoxanthin's biological activities were outlined, with an emphasis on its therapeutic efficacy in NAFLD. Fucoxanthin showed beneficial effects in modulating lipid metabolism, lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, adipogenesis, and oxidative stress on NAFLD. A deeper comprehension of NAFLD pathogenesis is essential for the development of novel and effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Hafiza Sayuti
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Najmi Muhammad Nawawi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- GUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jo Aan Goon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar
- GUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jen Kit Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Wang Z, Wang M, Lin M, Wei P. Fucoxanthin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Immunosuppression in RAW264.7 Macrophages. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2023; 509:81-85. [PMID: 37340299 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672922600166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (FX) has been reported to reduce mortality in mouse models of sepsis, but its exact cause remains to be determined. In the present study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory properties of FX in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Our results showed that FX could not only suppress the immune activation responses caused by LPS primary stimulation, but also antagonize LPS restimulation-induced immunosuppression in macrophages. The immunomodulatory capabilities of FX was mainly demonstrated by regulating the production of the inflammatory mediator under different LPS stimuli. Furthermore, we found that adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation was required for FX's anti-inflammatory and anti-immunosuppressive activities. Our results complement existing data supporting the clinical potential for FX in treating sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Immunology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Mao Lin
- Department of Immunology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Pei Wei
- Department of Immunology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China.
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Zhu D, Yang R, Wei D. [Enhancing fucoxanthin production in Phaeodactylum tricornutum by photo-fermentation]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2023; 39:1070-1082. [PMID: 36994572 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.220540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a technical system for high-efficient production of fucoxanthin by photo-fermentation of Phaeodactylum tricornutum. In a 5 L photo-fermentation tank, the effects of initial light intensity, nitrogen source and concentration as well as light quality on biomass concentration and fucoxanthin accumulation in P. tricornutum were investigated systematically under mixotrophic condition. The results showed that the biomass concentration, fucoxanthin content and productivity reached the highest level of 3.80 g/L, 13.44 mg/g and 4.70 mg/(L·d) under the optimal conditions of initial light intensity of 100 μmol/(m2·s), 0.02 mol TN/L of tryptone: urea (1:1, N mol/N mol) as mixed nitrogen source, and a mixed red/blue (R: B=6:1) light, 1.41, 1.33 and 2.05-fold higher than that before optimization, respectively. This study developed a key technology for enhancing the production of fucoxanthin by photo-fermentation of P. tricornutum, facilitating the development of marine natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Runqing Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
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Lv J, Gong YF, Zhang L, Hu Y, Wang HY. Exploring the key genes of fucoxanthin biosynthesis in Phaeodactylum tricornutum under phosphorus deficiency, red light and yellow light using WGCNA. Yi Chuan 2023; 45:237-249. [PMID: 36927650 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.22-336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) is a method for analysing gene expression patterns across multiple samples, clustering genes with similar expression patterns and identifying key genes associated with specific traits or phenotypes. In this study, we investigated the effects of fucoxanthin accumulation in Phaeodactylum tricornutum in response to abiotic stresses of phosphorus deficiency, red light, and yellow light using transcriptome sequencing and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The results showed that compared to the control, the fucoxanthin content of P. tricornutum was significantly increased after phosphorus deficiency and red light treatment (P<0.05), but significantly decreased after yellow light treatment (P<0.05). A weighted gene co-expression network was constructed using 10,392 genes obtained from transcriptome sequencing, and β=18 (R2>0.8) was chosen as a soft threshold in order to ensure a scale-free network. A total of 10 co-expression modules were identified by correlation analysis of fucoxanthin content, with the purple module positively correlated with fucoxanthin content (r=0.9, P=1E-200), and 9 key genes were identified, including five genes in the fucoxanthin biosynthesis pathway (DXR, PSY, PDS1, ZEP2, VDL2) and 4 transcription factors (bHLH5, HOX2, CCHH13, HSF1b). Further qRT-PCR confirmed that key genes were more highly expressed in the phosphorus deficiency treatment and linear regression analysis showed that the relative gene expressions were all highly correlated with the transcriptome data. The results of this study provide a basis for further investigation of the complex regulatory mechanisms of fucoxanthin in P. tricornutum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Lv
- 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Yi-Fu Gong
- 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Li Zhang
- 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - He-Yu Wang
- 2. College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315832, China
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Resende ACR, Pereira R, Nunes C, Cruz S, Calado R, Cartaxana P. Photosynthetic Pigment and Carbohydrate Profiling of Fucus vesiculosus from an Iberian Coastal Lagoon. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1324. [PMID: 36987012 PMCID: PMC10057128 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fucus vesiculosus is a brown seaweed with applications in the food, pharmaceutic, and cosmetic industries. Among its most valuable bioactive compounds are the pigment fucoxanthin and polysaccharides (e.g., fucoidans). In this study, we profiled the photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrates of F. vesiculosus from six locations along the Ílhavo Channel in the Iberian coastal lagoon of Ria de Aveiro, Portugal. Photosynthetic performance (Fv/Fm), pigment, and carbohydrate concentrations were similar between locations, despite differences in environmental factors, such as salinity and periods of exposure to desiccation. Concentration of total carbohydrates (neutral sugars + uronic acids) averaged 418 mg g-1 dw. Fucose was the second most abundant neutral sugar, with an average concentration of 60.7 mg g-1 dw, indicating a high content of fucoidans. Photosynthetic pigments included chlorophylls a and c, β,β-carotene, and the xanthophylls fucoxanthin, violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, and zeaxanthin. Concentrations of fucoxanthin were higher than those reported for most brown macroalgae, averaging 0.58 mg g-1 dw (65% of total carotenoids). This study indicates that F. vesiculosus from Ria de Aveiro is a valuable macroalgal resource for aquaculture companies operating in the region, with considerable potential to yield high-value bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. R. Resende
- Laboratory for Innovation and Sustainability of Marine Biological Resources (ECOMARE), Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Rui Pereira
- A4F—Algae for Future Lda., Campus do Lumiar, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Edifício E R/C, 1649-038 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- Aveiro Institute of Materials (CICECO), Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Sónia Cruz
- ECOMARE, CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (S.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Ricardo Calado
- ECOMARE, CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (S.C.); (R.C.)
| | - Paulo Cartaxana
- ECOMARE, CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (S.C.); (R.C.)
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Lü L, Ma JR, Li SX, Xing HZ, Yang YH, Miyashita K. Characterization and Antioxidant Evaluation of Four Kinds of Marine Oils in vitro. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:389-397. [PMID: 36908178 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the lipid class and fatty acid composition of four kinds of marine oils including Phaeodactylum tricornutum oil (PO), Laminaria japonica oil (LO), krill oil (KO) and fish oil (FO), and evaluate their antioxidant capacities in vitro. The results indicated that compared to other three oils, PO showed the highest contents of total lipids and fucoxanthin (194.70 and 7.48 mg/g dry weight, respectively), the relatively higher content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (30.94 % in total fatty acids), and total phenolic content (675.88 mg gallic acid equivalent /100 g lipids), thereby contribute to great advantages in scavenging free radicals such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), peroxyl radical, as well as reducing FRAP value. In conclusion, PO should be considered as a potential ingredient for dietary supplement with antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Ji-Rong Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | | | - Han-Zhu Xing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Yu-Hong Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
| | - Kazuo Miyashita
- Center for Regional Collaboration in Research and Education, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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Pagnini C, Sampietro G, Santini G, Biondi N, Rodolfi L. Tisochrysis lutea as a Substrate for Lactic Acid Fermentation: Biochemical Composition, Digestibility, and Functional Properties. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061128. [PMID: 36981055 PMCID: PMC10048537 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae, because of their high nutritional value and bioactive molecule content, are interesting candidates for functional foods, including fermented foods, in which the beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria combine with those of biomolecules lying in microalgal biomass. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of Tisochrysis lutea F&M-M36 as a substrate for Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 and to verify fermentation effects on functionality. Bacterium selection among three lactobacilli was based on growth and resistance to in vitro digestion. Microalgal raw biomass and its digested residue were fermented in two matrixes, water and diluted organic medium, and analysed for biochemical composition and antioxidant activity along with their unfermented counterparts. Bacterial survivability to digestion and raw biomass digestibility after fermentation were also evaluated. Fucoxanthin was strongly reduced (>90%) in post-digestion residue, suggesting high bioavailability. Raw biomass in diluted organic medium gave the highest bacterial growth (8.5 logCFU mL-1) and organic acid production (5 mg L-1), while bacterial survivability to digestion (<3%) did not improve. After fermentation, the antioxidant activity of lipophilic extracts increased (>90%). Fermentation appears an interesting process to obtain T. lutea-based functional foods, although further investigations are needed to optimize bacterial growth and fully evaluate its effects on functionality and organoleptic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Pagnini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Sampietro
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Gaia Santini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Natascia Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Liliana Rodolfi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
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Nurcahyanti ADR, Satriawan N, Sharopov F. Free radical scavenging synergism of fucoxanthin with lipophilic plant products. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:782-787. [PMID: 36796788 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2084737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin demonstrates potential bioactivity, gaining greater interest with many prospective applications. The fundamental activity of fucoxanthin is antioxidant. However, some findings also report the pro-oxidant potential of carotenoids in particular concentrations and environments. In many applications, fucoxanthin requires additional materials to improve bioavailability and stability, such as lipophilic plant products (LPP). Despite much-growing evidence, little is known how fucoxanthin interacts with LPP, which is susceptible to an oxidative reaction. We hypothesised that lower concentration of fucoxanthin exerts a synergistic effect in combination with LPP. The low molecular weight of LPP may exhibit greater activity than long-chain LPP, and so it does with the concentration of unsaturated moieties. We performed free radical-scavenging assay of fucoxanthin combined with some essential oils and edible oils. Chou-Talalay theorem was employed to depict the combination effect. The current study demonstrates a staple finding and constitutes theoretical viewpoints before further fucoxanthin's utilization with LPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Dwi Retno Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Natasha Satriawan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Research Institution "Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products", National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
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Chen Y, Lu H, Ding Y, Liu S, Ding Y, Lu B, Xiao J, Zhou X. Dietary Protective Potential of Fucoxanthin as an Active Food Component on Neurological Disorders. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:3599-3619. [PMID: 36802555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of neurodegenerative, cerebrovascular, and psychiatric diseases and other neurological disorders has increased dramatically worldwide. Fucoxanthin is an algal pigment with many biological functions, and there is rising evidence that fucoxanthin plays a preventive and therapeutic role in neurological disorders. This review focuses on the metabolism, bioavailability, and blood-brain barrier penetration of fucoxanthin. Furthermore, the neuroprotective potential of fucoxanthin in neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and psychiatric diseases as well as other neurological disorders such as epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and brain tumors by acting on multiple targets will be summarized. The multiple targets include regulating apoptosis, reducing oxidative stress, activating the autophagy pathway, inhibiting Aβ aggregation, improving dopamine secretion, reducing α-synuclein aggregation, attenuating neuroinflammation, modulating gut microbiota, and activating brain-derived neurotrophic factor, etc. Additionally, we look forward to brain-targeted oral transport systems due to the low bioavailability and blood-brain barrier permeability of fucoxanthin. We also propose exploring the systemic mechanisms of fucoxanthin metabolism and transport through the gut-brain process and envision new therapeutic targets for fucoxanthin to act on the central nervous system. Finally, we propose dietary fucoxanthin delivery interventions to achieve preventive effects on neurological disorders. This review provides a reference for the application of fucoxanthin in the neural field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Hao Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yicheng Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shulai Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yuting Ding
- College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Xuxia Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, National R&D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Erdoğan A, Karataş AB, Demir D, Demirel Z, Aktürk M, Çopur Ö, Conk-Dalay M. Manipulation in Culture Conditions of Nanofrustulum shiloi for Enhanced Fucoxanthin Production and Isolation by Preparative Chromatography. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36838976 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae produce a variety of high-value chemicals including carotenoids. Fucoxanthin is also a carotenoid that has many physiological functions and biological properties. For this reason, the cost-effective production of fucoxanthin at an industrial scale has gained significant attention. In the proposed study, fucoxanthin production was aimed to be increased by altering the culture conditions of N. shiloi. The effect of light intensity aeration rate, different nitrogen sources, and oxidative stress on the biomass and fucoxanthin productivity have been discussed. Based on these results, the fucoxanthin increased to 97.45 ± 2.64 mg/g by adjusting the light intensity to 50 µmol/m2s, and aeration rate at 5 L/min using oxidative stress through the addition of 0.1 mM H2O2 and 0.1 mM NaOCl to the culture medium. Fucoxanthin was then purified with preparative HPLC using C30 carotenoid column (10 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm). After the purification procedure, Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and UV-vis spectroscopy were employed for the confirmation of fucoxanthin. This study presented a protocol for obtaining and purifying considerable amounts of biomass and fucoxanthin from diatom by manipulating culture conditions. With the developed methodology, N. shiloi could be evaluated as a promising source of fucoxanthin at the industrial scale for food, feed, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Chen D, Li H, Chen J, Han Y, Zheng X, Xiao Y, Chen X, Chen T, Chen J, Chen Y, Xue T. Combined analysis of chromatin accessibility and gene expression profiles provide insight into Fucoxanthin biosynthesis in Isochrysis galbana under green light. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1101681. [PMID: 36846787 PMCID: PMC9950639 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Isochrysis galbana, as a potential accumulator of fucoxanthin, has become a valuable material to develop functional foods for humans. Our previous research revealed that green light effectively promotes the accumulation of fucoxanthin in I. galbana, but there is little research on chromatin accessibility in the process of transcriptional regulation. This study was conducted to reveal the mechanism of fucoxanthin biosynthesis in I. galbana under green light by analyzing promoter accessibility and gene expression profiles. Differentially accessible chromatin regions (DARs)-associated genes were enriched in carotenoid biosynthesis and photosynthesis-antenna protein formation, including IgLHCA1, IgLHCA4, IgPDS, IgZ-ISO, IglcyB, IgZEP, and IgVDE. The motifs for the MYB family were also identified as candidates controlling metabolic regulation responses to green light culture of I. galbana, including IgMYB1, IgMYB2, IgMYB33, IgMYB42, IgMYB98, IgMYB118, and IgMYB119. The results of differential expression analysis and WGCNA showed that several genes or transcription factors (TFs) related to carotenoid metabolism and photosynthesis exhibited a higher expression level and were significantly upregulated in A-G5d compared with A-0d and A-W5d, including IgMYB98, IgLHCA1, IgLHCX2, IgLHCB4, and IgLHCB5. This suggests that upregulation of these genes by green light may be the key factor leading to fucoxanthin accumulation by regulating the photosynthesis-antenna protein pathway. An integrated analysis of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq showed that 3 (IgphoA, IgPKN1, IgOTC) of 34 DARs-associated genes displayed obvious changes in their chromatin regions in ATAC-seq data, suggesting that these genes specific for green light may play a key role in fucoxanthin biosynthesis in I. galbana through a complex regulatory network of multiple metabolic pathways interacting with each other. These findings will facilitate in-depth understanding the molecular regulation mechanisms of fucoxanthin in I. galbana and its role in response to green light regulation, providing technical support for the construction of high fucoxanthin content strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuying Han
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Center of Engineering Technology Research for Microalga Germplasm Improvement of Fujian, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuehai Zheng
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Center of Engineering Technology Research for Microalga Germplasm Improvement of Fujian, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yixin Xiao
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Center of Engineering Technology Research for Microalga Germplasm Improvement of Fujian, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xupeng Chen
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Center of Engineering Technology Research for Microalga Germplasm Improvement of Fujian, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Center of Engineering Technology Research for Microalga Germplasm Improvement of Fujian, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Center of Engineering Technology Research for Microalga Germplasm Improvement of Fujian, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youqiang Chen
- The Public Service Platform for Industrialization Development Technology of Marine Biological Medicine and Products of the State Oceanic Administration, Center of Engineering Technology Research for Microalga Germplasm Improvement of Fujian, Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Marine Bioresource Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, Southern Institute of Oceanography, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Rui X, Amenorfenyo DK, Peng K, Li H, Wang L, Huang X, Li C, Li F. Effects of Different Nitrogen Concentrations on Co-Production of Fucoxanthin and Fatty Acids in Conticribra weissflogii. Mar Drugs 2023; 21. [PMID: 36827147 DOI: 10.3390/md21020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin and fatty acids are active substances that are beneficial to the growth and immunity of humans and aquatic animals. However, relatively few species have been exploited for fucoxanthin and fatty acids in the industry. At the same time, due to its low extract content, poor stability, high production cost, and serious seasonal and regional limitations, the industry cannot normally meet the greater demand of the international market. Therefore, this experiment seeks to improve the fucoxanthin and fatty acid content of C. weissflogii by adjusting the nitrogen concentration in the culture medium. It was found that when the nitrogen concentration was 150 mg L-1, the cell number was 1.5 × 106 cell mL-1, and the average biomass was 0.75 g L-1. The mean value of carotenoid concentration was 2.179 mg L-1. The average concentration of fucoxanthin was 1.547 mg g-1. When the nitrogen concentration was 75 mg L-1, the fatty acid content reached its highest. By adjusting the concentration of nitrogen, the contents of fucoxanthin and fatty acids were increased. The results provided a theoretical basis for commercial extraction of fucoxanthin and fatty acids and further promoted the industrialization of fucoxanthin and fatty acids.
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Wu Y, Jin X, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wu M, Tong H. Bioactive Compounds from Brown Algae Alleviate Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Extensive Review. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:1771-1787. [PMID: 36689477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases. The increasing NAFLD incidences are associated with unhealthy lifestyles. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic options for NAFLD. Thus, there is a need to develop safe, efficient, and economic treatment options for NAFLD. Brown algae, which are edible, contain abundant bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides and phlorotannins. They have been shown to ameliorate insulin resistance, as well as hepatic steatosis, and all of these biological functions can potentially alleviate NAFLD. Accumulating reports have shown that increasing dietary consumption of brown algae reduces the risk for NAFLD development. In this review, we summarized the animal experiments and clinical proof of brown algae and their bioactive compounds for NAFLD treatment within the past decade. Our findings show possible avenues for further research into the pathophysiology of NAFLD and brown algae therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaosheng Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Mingjiang Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Haibin Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Yin S, Siahaan EA, Niu L, Shibata M, Liu Y, Hagiwara T. Real time monitoring and evaluation of the inhibition effect of fucoxanthin against α-amylase activity by using QCM-A. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1110615. [PMID: 36712503 PMCID: PMC9877462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1110615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The main symptoms of diabetes are hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. The inhibition of the starch digestion enzymes could effectively regulate starch digestion and glucose absorption, thereby slowing or treating the symptoms of postprandial hyperglycemia. Herein, we used fucoxanthin isolated from Undaria pinnatifida stems, as α-amylase inhibitor, and monitored the interactions of both biomolecules by using quartz crystal microbalance-admittance (QCM-A) instrument. All the processes of α-amylase hydrolysis of starch were also dynamically tracked by using amylose-immobilized QCM technology. In our work, we found that the kinetic parameter (k off, k on, and k cat) values obtained by the QCM-A analysis were relatively consistent compared to the kinetic parameter values obtained by the conventional Michaelis-Menten analysis. For the inhibitory reactions, the results showed that fucoxanthin significantly reduced the activity of α-amylase in a dose-dependent manner. The QCM-A technology shown to be an excellent approach in obtaining comprehensive and accurate kinetic parameters, thereby providing real and accurate data for kinetic studies. It is helpful to clarify the mechanism of action of fucoxanthin on α-amylase, which further proved the potential of fucoxanthin to improve and treat postprandial hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China,Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Shipeng Yin,
| | - Evi Amelia Siahaan
- Research Centre for Marine and Land Bioindustry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Liqiong Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mario Shibata
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tomoaki Hagiwara
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan,Tomoaki Hagiwara,
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Chandra F, Tania TF, Nurcahyanti ADR. Bixin and Fuxoxanthin Alone and in Combination with Cisplatin Regulate ABCC1 and ABCC2 Transcription in A549 Lung Cancer Cells. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2023; 15:15-20. [PMID: 37313537 PMCID: PMC10259734 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_50_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter has long been studied to confer drug resistance in human tumors and play important role in metabolic processes and cellular signaling. The overexpression of ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2, ABCC3, and ABCG2 leads to decreased sensitivity of lung cancer to cisplatin. At the transcription level, the expression of ABC transporters is highly regulated and requires the complex interplay of factors involved in differentiation and development, cell survival and apoptosis upon intrinsic and environmental stress. The p53 regulation of drug-resistance genes is also complex yet not well understood. Previously, we demonstrated the synergistic interaction between bixin or fucoxanthin with cisplatin in A549 lung cancer cells. Objectives Current study aims to identify whether carotenoids enhancing therapeutic effect of Cisplatin due to the ability to reverse drug resistance associated proteins, such as ABC transporter and regulating the tumor suppressor corresponding gene, p53. Methods Real-Time Quantitative-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to estimate the expression level of ABCC1 and ABCC2, and p53 of A549 cell lines in response to carotenoids alone and in combination with cisplatin. Results and Conclusion The administration of bixin or fucoxanthin decreases the expression of ABCC1 and ABCC2. Both carotenoids, either alone or in combination with cisplatin, upregulated p53 gene expression indicating the mechanism of proliferation inhibition and apoptosis occurs via the p53 caspase-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdy Chandra
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Teresa F. Tania
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Agustina D. R. Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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