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Pagnini C, Sampietro G, Santini G, Biondi N, Rodolfi L. Tisochrysis lutea as a Substrate for Lactic Acid Fermentation: Biochemical Composition, Digestibility, and Functional Properties. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061128. [PMID: 36981055 PMCID: PMC10048537 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae, because of their high nutritional value and bioactive molecule content, are interesting candidates for functional foods, including fermented foods, in which the beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria combine with those of biomolecules lying in microalgal biomass. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of Tisochrysis lutea F&M-M36 as a substrate for Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 and to verify fermentation effects on functionality. Bacterium selection among three lactobacilli was based on growth and resistance to in vitro digestion. Microalgal raw biomass and its digested residue were fermented in two matrixes, water and diluted organic medium, and analysed for biochemical composition and antioxidant activity along with their unfermented counterparts. Bacterial survivability to digestion and raw biomass digestibility after fermentation were also evaluated. Fucoxanthin was strongly reduced (>90%) in post-digestion residue, suggesting high bioavailability. Raw biomass in diluted organic medium gave the highest bacterial growth (8.5 logCFU mL-1) and organic acid production (5 mg L-1), while bacterial survivability to digestion (<3%) did not improve. After fermentation, the antioxidant activity of lipophilic extracts increased (>90%). Fermentation appears an interesting process to obtain T. lutea-based functional foods, although further investigations are needed to optimize bacterial growth and fully evaluate its effects on functionality and organoleptic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Pagnini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Giacomo Sampietro
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Gaia Santini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Natascia Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Liliana Rodolfi
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy
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Sala A, Iaccarino L, Fania P, Vanoli EG, Fallanca F, Pagnini C, Cerami C, Calvo A, Canosa A, Pagani M, Chiò A, Cistaro A, Perani D. Testing the diagnostic accuracy of [18F]FDG-PET in discriminating spinal- and bulbar-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:1117-1131. [PMID: 30617963 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-4246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The role for [18F]FDG-PET in supporting amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) diagnosis is not fully established. In this study, we aim at evaluating [18F]FDG-PET hypo- and hyper-metabolism patterns in spinal- and bulbar-onset ALS cases, at the single-subject level, testing the diagnostic value in discriminating the two conditions, and the correlations with core clinical symptoms severity. METHODS We included 95 probable-ALS patients with [18F]FDG-PET scan and clinical follow-up. [18F]FDG-PET images were analyzed with an optimized voxel-based-SPM method. The resulting single-subject SPM-t maps were used to: (a) assess brain regional hypo- and hyper-metabolism; (b) evaluate the accuracy of regional hypo- and hyper metabolism in discriminating spinal vs. bulbar-onset ALS; (c) perform correlation analysis with motor symptoms severity, as measured by ALS-FRS-R. RESULTS Primary motor cortex showed the most frequent hypo-metabolism in both spinal-onset (∼57%) and bulbar-onset (∼64%) ALS; hyper-metabolism was prevalent in the cerebellum in both spinal-onset (∼56.5%) and bulbar-onset (∼55.7%) ALS, and in the occipital cortex in bulbar-onset (∼62.5%) ALS. Regional hypo- and hyper-metabolism yielded a very low accuracy (AUC < 0.63) in discriminating spinal- vs. bulbar-onset ALS, as obtained from single-subject SPM-t-maps. Severity of motor symptoms correlated with hypo-metabolism in sensorimotor cortex in spinal-onset ALS, and with cerebellar hyper-metabolism in bulbar-onset ALS. CONCLUSIONS The high variability in regional hypo- and hyper-metabolism patterns, likely reflecting the heterogeneous pathology and clinical phenotypes, limits the diagnostic potential of [18F]FDG-PET in discriminating spinal and bulbar onset patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Sala
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Iaccarino
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Piercarlo Fania
- Positron Emission Tomography Centre IRMET, Affidea, Turin, Italy
| | - Emilia G Vanoli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Fallanca
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Pagnini
- In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cerami
- In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Clinical Neuroscience Department, San Raffaele Turro Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Pagani
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, C.N.R, Rome, Italy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, C.N.R, Rome, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelina Cistaro
- Department of Neuroscience, Advisor Nuclear Medicine for Amiotrophic Lateral SclerosisRegional Expert Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela Perani
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
- In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan, Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pagnini
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - G Delle Fave
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Digestive and Liver Disease Unit, S. Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Pagnini C, Menasci F, Festa S, Rizzatti G, Corleto VD, Delle Fave MM, D'Ambra G, Di Giulio E, Delle Fave G. Application of clinical indexes in ulcerative colitis patients in regular follow-up visit: correlation with endoscopic 'mucosal healing' and implication for management. Preliminary results. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19:3674-3681. [PMID: 26502857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon of unknown etiology. Several clinical indexes have been proposed for UC disease activity evaluation, but none have been properly validated. Moreover, the reference parameter for the scores and their prognostic value is not clear. Mucosal healing has been recently proposed as an important end-point. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation of four clinical indexes with objective diagnostic tools for UC evaluation, the discriminative ability in identifying patients with endoscopic mucosal healing, and to analyze the possible prognostic indication for disease course in 1 year of follow-up. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed data of 75 patients recorded in regular follow-up visit in IBD clinic at S. Andrea Hospital, Rome, between 2007-2011. We recorded clinical data and lab tests at the time of the visit, and endoscopic/histological reports performed within 1 month. Clinical indexes (Seo' activity index, Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, partial Mayo score and Endoscopic-Clinical Correlation Index) were calculated and correlation to endoscopic and histologic activity, and to C-reactive protein increment, was assessed by mean of Spearman's rank correlation. Discriminative ability of the indexes for patients with and without endoscopic mucosal healing was tested by calculation of area under ROC curve (AUC). Patients with low and high clinical scores were compared for number of flares and increment of therapy during 1 year of follow-up. RESULTS Clinical indexes had a good correlation with endoscopic activity (mean r = 0.73 ± 0.06), a fair correlation with CRP-increment (mean r = 0.55 ± 0.01) and a poor one with histologic activity (mean r = 0.35 ± 0.01). The discriminatory ability of the indexes for endoscopic mucosal healing was good for all the indexes (mean AUC = 0.87 ± 0.05). Patients with high clinical score had more flares and required more frequently increase of therapy at 1 year of follow up compared with patients with low score. CONCLUSIONS Clinical indexes have a good correlation with endoscopic activity and can discriminate patients with and without mucosal healing. Patients with low and high score have different risk of disease flare and of need to increase therapy at 1 year. Clinical indexes may represent a useful tool for disease assessment in clinical practice in UC outpatients with mild-moderate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pagnini
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, S. Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
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Carlesimo M, Abruzzese C, Narcisi A, Margagnoni G, Zerboni G, Purchiaroni F, Pagnini C, Di Giulio E, Corleto VD. Cutaneous manifestations and gastrointestinal disorders: Report of two emblematic cases. Clin Ter 2015; 166:e269-72. [PMID: 26378761 DOI: 10.7417/t.2015.1872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), can manifest themselves with intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms. Among the latter, cutaneous manifestations, such as pyoderma gangraenosum (PG) and metastatic Crohn's disease (MCD), represent a possible onset of IBD, with or without simultaneous bowel alterations. In such cases, intestinal and skin lesions are supported by the same immune-mediated mechanism. We hereby report two cases of patients with skin manifestations together with signs and symptoms suggestive of IBD. IBD and some skin lesions arise from the same immune-mediated mechanism. A multidisciplinary approach to these immune-mediated diseases is needed for an early and correct diagnosis, which in turn may lead to the use of the right drug avoiding useless treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carlesimo
- NESMOS, U.O.C. Dermatology, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - C Abruzzese
- NESMOS, U.O.C. Dermatology, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - A Narcisi
- NESMOS, U.O.C. Dermatology, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - G Margagnoni
- NESMOS, Department of Digestive Endoscopy, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - G Zerboni
- NESMOS, Department of Digestive Endoscopy, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - F Purchiaroni
- NESMOS, Department of Digestive Endoscopy, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - C Pagnini
- NESMOS, Department of Digestive Endoscopy, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - E Di Giulio
- NESMOS, Department of Digestive Endoscopy, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - V D Corleto
- NESMOS, Department of Digestive Endoscopy, School of Medicine and Psychology, University Sapienza, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Galli E, Ciucci A, Cersosimo S, Pagnini C, Avitabile S, Mancino G, Delle Fave G, Corleto V. Eczema and Food Allergy in an Italian Pediatric Cohort: No Association with TLR-2 and TLR-4 Polymorphisms. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 23:671-5. [DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that Toll-like receptor polymorphisms or their impaired signalling, specifically TLR-2 and TLR-4, were correlated with a higher risk for allergy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the associations of TRL-2 and TRL-4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and atopic traits in a cohort of 159 Italian allergic children (102 affected by eczema and 57 by IgE-mediated food allergy) and 147 healthy controls recruited in Rome, Italy. DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood and TLR-2 R753Q/TLR-4 D299G polymorphisms were determined by TaqMan MGB probes using Real-Time PCR technique. In the control group, the TLR-2 polymorphism R753Q had a prevalence of 2.5% while the frequency of the TLR-4 D299G was 12%. None of the 159 allergic patients showed the R753Q SNP. By contrast, 7/57 patients with food allergy (12%) and 6/102 subjects with eczema (6%) carried the TLR-4 mutation. In our cohort, no evidence of correlation between TLR-2 or TLR-4 polymorphism and eczema and food allergy incidence and/or severity was found. Further studies are needed to clarify the possible role of TLR-2 and TLR-4 polymorphism in allergic disease, in Italian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Galli
- Research Center, San Pietro Hospital, Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Ciucci
- Research Center, San Pietro Hospital, Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
| | - S. Cersosimo
- Research Center, San Pietro Hospital, Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
- II School of Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy
| | - C. Pagnini
- Research Center, San Pietro Hospital, Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
- II School of Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy
| | - S. Avitabile
- Research Center, San Pietro Hospital, Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Mancino
- Research Center, San Pietro Hospital, Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Delle Fave
- II School of Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy
| | - V.D. Corleto
- Research Center, San Pietro Hospital, Fatebenefratelli, Rome, Italy
- II School of Medicine, “La Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy
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Ciarcia R, Pagnini C, Fiorito F, Pellicane A, Montagnaro S, Russo R, Florio S. Effect of "All - trans" retinoic acid in canine osteosarcoma chemotherapy. Vet Res Commun 2008; 32 Suppl 1:S267-9. [PMID: 18712486 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-008-9125-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Ciarcia
- Dipartimento di Strutture, Funzioni e Tecnologie Biologiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
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Abstract
In recent years, novel insights have been made into the role of bacterial microflora in health and disease. Commensal flora manipulation by probiotic bacteria has been investigated in human and experimental inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In particular, animal models of IBD offer the opportunity to address important issues regarding indication, therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of action of the probiotic bacteria. Despite the appealing results of many published studies, fundamental questions still remain unanswered. Further studies on appropriate animal models are needed in order to better clarify our knowledge about probiotic bacteria and their potential application as a valid therapeutic option in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pagnini
- Department of Digestive and Liver Disease, II School of Medicine, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Camellini L, Merighi A, Pagnini C, Azzolini F, Guazzetti S, Scarcelli A, Manenti F, Rigo GP. Comparison of three different risk scoring systems in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Dig Liver Dis 2004; 36:271-7. [PMID: 15115340 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2003.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To prospectively validate in patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding three risk scoring systems (the Baylor College scoring system, the Rockall's risk scoring system and the Cedars-Sinai Medical Centre predictive index) previously proposed to be predictive of rebleeding/death after upper gastrointestinal bleeding. PATIENTS AND METHODS We calculated values of the scores for 343 patients, who underwent endoscopy after non-variceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage during the years 1997-1999. We compared the observed outcomes with the ones expected upon the original series contributed by the authors. Discriminative ability was evaluated by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Rockall's score accurately predicted rebleeding in low- and intermediate-risk categories (< 6), but not in high-risk patients. The rates of rebleeding were significantly higher than the ones predicted by the low-risk categories of either Cedars-Sinai index (< or = 2) or Baylor score (< or = 6). The predicted and the observed mortality was not significantly different throughout all the categories of Rockall's score, except for patients with a score of 4. All the scores had better discriminative ability for mortality than for rebleeding. The Rockall's score identifies a low-risk group of patients (Rockall's score < or = 2) for rebleeding and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Camellini
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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