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Liu Y, Li C, Li Y, Zhang S, Zhang N, Bian X, Tan S. Ligand-based pharmacophore modelling, structure optimisation, and biological evaluation for the identification of 2-heteroarylthio- N-arylacetamides as novel HSP90 C-terminal inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2290912. [PMID: 38083866 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2290912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) C-terminus is an important strategy to develop HSP90 inhibitors without inducing heat shock response. The development of C-terminal inhibitors, however, is hampered by a lack of understanding regarding the interaction between the HSP90 C-terminus and the present inhibitors. We collected seven classical and structurally diverse HSP90 C-terminal inhibitors and constructed a ligand-based pharmacophore model. The subsequent virtual screening and structural optimisation led to the identification of 2-heteroarylthio-N-arylacetamides as novel HSP90 C-terminal inhibitors. 9 and 27 exhibited strong antitumour activity in vitro by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in multiple cancer cell lines. These compounds disrupted the interaction between HSP90 C-terminus and peptidylprolyl isomerase D, exerting a stronger inhibitory effect than novobiocin. 27 significantly induced the degradation of HSP90 clients without triggering heat shock response. In an in vivo study using 4T1 mice breast cancer models, 9 showed a potent antitumour effect without obvious toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Chenyao Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Yajing Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Shuming Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xiaobo Bian
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shutao Tan
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zajec Ž, Dernovšek J, Cingl J, Ogris I, Gedgaudas M, Zubrienė A, Mitrović A, Golič Grdadolnik S, Gobec M, Tomašič T. New Class of Hsp90 C-Terminal Domain Inhibitors with Anti-tumor Properties against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Med Chem 2024; 67:12984-13018. [PMID: 39042910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a treatment challenge and requires innovative therapies. Hsp90, crucial for the stability of numerous oncogenic proteins, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target. In this study, we present the optimization of the Hsp90 C-terminal domain (CTD) inhibitor TVS21. Biochemical methods, NMR binding studies, and molecular modeling were employed to investigate the binding of representative analogs to Hsp90. The newly synthesized analogs showed increased antiproliferative activity in breast cancer cell lines, including the MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell line. Compounds 89 and 104 proved to be the most effective, inducing apoptosis, slowing proliferation, and degrading key oncogenic proteins without inducing a heat shock response. In vivo, compound 89 showed comparable efficacy to the clinical candidate AUY922 and a better safety profile in a TNBC xenograft model. These results highlight the promise of Hsp90 CTD inhibitors for TNBC therapy, potentially filling a significant treatment gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Živa Zajec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jaka Dernovšek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jernej Cingl
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iza Ogris
- Laboratory for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marius Gedgaudas
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Asta Zubrienė
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ana Mitrović
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Golič Grdadolnik
- Laboratory for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Xiong J, Wang L, Feng Y, Zhen C, Hang S, Yu J, Lu H, Jiang Y. Geldanamycin confers fungicidal properties to azole by triggering the activation of succinate dehydrogenase. Life Sci 2024; 348:122699. [PMID: 38718854 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Azoles have been widely employed for the treatment of invasive fungal diseases; however, their efficacy is diminished as pathogenic fungi tolerate them due to their fungistatic properties. Geldanamycin (GdA) can render azoles fungicidal by inhibiting the ATPase and molecular chaperone activities of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Nonetheless, the clinical applicability of GdA is restricted due to its cytotoxic ansamycin scaffold structure, its induction of cytoprotective heat shock responses, and the conservative nature of Hsp90. Hence, it is imperative to elucidate the mechanism of action of GdA to confer fungicidal properties to azoles and mitigate the toxic adverse effects associated with GdA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through various experimental methods, including the construction of gene-deleted Candida albicans mutants, in vitro drug sensitivity experiments, Western blot analysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays, and succinate dehydrogenase activity assays, we identified Hsp90 client proteins associated with the tolerance of C. albicans to azoles. KEY FINDINGS It was observed that GdA effectively hindered the entry of Hsp90 into mitochondria, resulting in the alleviation of inhibitory effect of Hsp90 on succinate dehydrogenase. Consequently, the activation of succinate dehydrogenase led to an increased production of ROS. within the mitochondria, thereby facilitating the antifungal effects of azoles against C. albicans. SIGNIFICANCE This research presents a novel approach for conferring fungicidal properties to azoles, which involves specifically disrupting the interaction of between Hsp90 and succinate dehydrogenase rather than employing a non-specific inhibition of ATPase activity of Hsp90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xiong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanru Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Cheng Zhen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sijin Hang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yuanying Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Liao YT, Du XY, Wang M, Zheng CX, Li D, Chen CH, Li RT, Shao LD. A silicon-containing aryl/penta-1,4-dien-3-one/amine hybrid exhibits antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cells by targeting the HSP90 C-terminus without inducing heat-shock response. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2625-2639. [PMID: 38107168 PMCID: PMC10718586 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00431g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A pharmacophore-hybridized strategy based on previously reported HSP90 C-terminal inhibitors was utilized to prepare 32 aryl/penta-1,4-dien-3-one/amine hybrids. Among them, a silicon-containing compound 1z exhibited remarkable broad-spectrum antiproliferative effects on various human breast cancer cell lines. Through fluorescence polarization and AlphaScreen-based assays, we demonstrated that 1z specifically inhibited the HSP90 C-terminus without affecting HSP90 N-terminus. Furthermore, 1z effectively inhibited the HSP90 C-terminus without inducing heat-shock response (HSR), leading to the degradation of its client proteins HER2, pAKT, AKT, and CDK4, causing G1 arrest of MCF-7 and SKBr3 cells, and ultimately contributing to apoptosis of these cells through caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 activation. Additionally, the penta-1,4-dien-3-one linker in the hybrid, a large bulky lipophilic substitution in the aryl fragment at the 3'-site, and the presence of N-methylpiperazine as the amine fragment were identified as crucial factors that significantly contributed to the observed antiproliferative activity through structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis. Lastly, we found that 1z exhibited superior thermostability compared to vibsanin B derivatives and good in vitro metabolic stability in simulated intestinal fluid, representing one of the few reported silicon-containing HSP90 C-terminal inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Liao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 China
| | - Xin-Ye Du
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China
| | - Mei Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 China
| | - Chun-Xia Zheng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 China
| | - Dashan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 China
| | - Chuan-Huizi Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 China
| | - Rong-Tao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China
| | - Li-Dong Shao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resources, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 China
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Vogt M, Dienstbier N, Schliehe-Diecks J, Scharov K, Tu JW, Gebing P, Hogenkamp J, Bilen BS, Furlan S, Picard D, Remke M, Yasin L, Bickel D, Kalia M, Iacoangeli A, Lenz T, Stühler K, Pandyra AA, Hauer J, Fischer U, Wagener R, Borkhardt A, Bhatia S. Co-targeting HSP90 alpha and CDK7 overcomes resistance against HSP90 inhibitors in BCR-ABL1+ leukemia cells. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:799. [PMID: 38057328 PMCID: PMC10700369 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
HSP90 has emerged as an appealing anti-cancer target. However, HSP90 inhibitors (HSP90i) are characterized by limited clinical utility, primarily due to the resistance acquisition via heat shock response (HSR) induction. Understanding the roles of abundantly expressed cytosolic HSP90 isoforms (α and β) in sustaining malignant cells' growth and the mechanisms of resistance to HSP90i is crucial for exploiting their clinical potential. Utilizing multi-omics approaches, we identified that ablation of the HSP90β isoform induces the overexpression of HSP90α and extracellular-secreted HSP90α (eHSP90α). Notably, we found that the absence of HSP90α causes downregulation of PTPRC (or CD45) expression and restricts in vivo growth of BCR-ABL1+ leukemia cells. Subsequently, chronic long-term exposure to the clinically advanced HSP90i PU-H71 (Zelavespib) led to copy number gain and mutation (p.S164F) of the HSP90AA1 gene, and HSP90α overexpression. In contrast, acquired resistance toward other tested HSP90i (Tanespimycin and Coumermycin A1) was attained by MDR1 efflux pump overexpression. Remarkably, combined CDK7 and HSP90 inhibition display synergistic activity against therapy-resistant BCR-ABL1+ patient leukemia cells via blocking pro-survival HSR and HSP90α overexpression, providing a novel strategy to avoid the emergence of resistance against treatment with HSP90i alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Vogt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niklas Dienstbier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julian Schliehe-Diecks
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katerina Scharov
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jia-Wey Tu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philip Gebing
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julian Hogenkamp
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Berna-Selin Bilen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Silke Furlan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Picard
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Remke
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Layal Yasin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David Bickel
- Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, ULB-VUB, Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Munishikha Kalia
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre and Dementia Unit at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Lenz
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological Medical Research Center, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra A Pandyra
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department of Pediatrics and Children's Cancer Research Center, Children's Hospital Munich Schwabing, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Ute Fischer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rabea Wagener
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sanil Bhatia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Wurnig S, Vogt M, Hogenkamp J, Dienstbier N, Borkhardt A, Bhatia S, Hansen FK. Development of the first geldanamycin-based HSP90 degraders. Front Chem 2023; 11:1219883. [PMID: 37448856 PMCID: PMC10336212 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1219883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the early clinical promise, adverse events such as acquired resistance and dose-limiting toxicities have barred the widespread use of HSP90 inhibitors as anticancer drugs. A new approach involving proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) to degrade the protein instead of inhibiting it may overcome these problems. In this work, we describe the design, synthesis, and evaluation of cereblon-recruiting geldanamycin-based HSP90 degraders based on the PROTAC technology. Our best degrader, 3a, effectively decreased HSP90α and HSP90β levels in cells utilizing the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silas Wurnig
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Melina Vogt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julian Hogenkamp
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Niklas Dienstbier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sanil Bhatia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Finn K. Hansen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Gao J, Zhou C, Zhong Y, Shi L, Luo X, Su H, Li M, Xu Y, Zhang N, Zhou H. Dipyridamole interacts with the N-terminal domain of HSP90 and antagonizes the function of the chaperone in multiple cancer cell lines. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 207:115376. [PMID: 36513142 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Molecular chaperone HSP90 has been considered as a promising target for anti-cancer drug development for years. However, due to the heat shock response induced by the ATP competitive inhibitors against HSP90, the therapeutic efficacies of the compounds are compromised, which consequently restricts the clinical use of HSP90-targeted inhibitors. Therefore, there is a need to discover novel HSP90-targeted modulators which exhibit acceptable inhibition activity against the chaperone and do not induce significant heat shock response in the meantime. Here in this study, we firstly developed a tip-based affinity selection-mass spectrometry platform with optimized experimental conditions/parameters for HSP90-targeted active compound screening, and then applied it to fish out inhibitors against HSP90 from a collection of 2,395 compounds composed of FDA-approved drugs and drug candidates. Dipyridamole, which acts as an anti-thrombotic agent by modulating multiple targets and has a long history of safe use, was identified to interact with HSP90's N-terminal domain. The following conducted biophysical and biochemical experiments demonstrated that Dipyridamole could bind to HSP90's ATP binding pocket and function as an ATP competitive inhibitor of the chaperone. Finally, cellular-based assays including CESTA, cell viability assessment and proteomic analysis etc. were performed to evaluate whether the interaction between HSP90 and Dipyridamole contributes to the anti-tumor effects of the compound. We then found that Dipyridamole inhibits the growth and proliferation of human cancer cells by downregulating cell cycle regulators and upregulating apoptotic cell signaling, which are potentially mediated by the binding of Dipyridamole to HSP90 and to PDEs (phosphodiesterases), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Shi
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuanyang Luo
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haixia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Minjun Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yechun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Naixia Zhang
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hu Zhou
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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8
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Pahwa R, Dubhashi J, Singh A, Jailwala P, Lobanov A, Thomas CJ, Ceribelli M, Wilson K, Ricketts CJ, Vocke CD, Wells C, Bottaro DP, Linehan WM, Neckers L, Srinivasan R. Inhibition of HSP 90 is associated with potent anti-tumor activity in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:208. [PMID: 35754026 PMCID: PMC9235180 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02416-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is no universally accepted treatment for patients with advanced papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC). The presence of activating mutations in MET, as well as gain of chromosome 7, where the MET gene is located, are the most common genetic alterations associated with PRCC, leading to the clinical evaluation of MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in this cancer. However, TKIs targeting MET selectively, as well as multitargeted TKIs with activity against MET demonstrate modest efficacy in PRCC and primary and secondary treatment failure is common; other approaches are urgently needed to improve outcomes in these patients. Methods High throughput screening with small molecule libraries identified HSP90 inhibitors as agents of interest based on antitumor activity against patient derived PRCC cell lines. We investigated the activity of the orally available HSP90 inhibitor, SNX2112 in vitro, using 2D/3D PRCC cell culture models and in vivo, in mice tumor xenograft models. The molecular pathways mediating antitumor activity of SNX2112 were assessed by Western blot analysis, Flow cytometry, RNA-seq analysis, Real Time qPCR and imaging approaches. Results SNX2112 significantly inhibited cellular proliferation, induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PRCC lines overexpressing MET. In contrast to TKIs targeting MET, SNX2112 inhibited both MET and known downstream mediators of MET activity (AKT, pAKT1/2 and pERK1/2) in PRCC cell lines. RNAi silencing of AKT1/2 or ERK1/2 expression significantly inhibited growth in PRCC cells. Furthermore, SNX2112 inhibited a unique set of E2F and MYC targets and G2M-associated genes. Interestingly, interrogation of the TCGA papillary RCC cohort revealed that these genes were overexpressed in PRCC and portend a poor prognosis. Finally, SNX-2112 demonstrated strong antitumor activity in vivo and prolonged survival of mice bearing human PRCC xenograft. Conclusions These results demonstrate that HSP90 inhibition is associated with potent activity in PRCC, and implicate the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK1/2 pathways as important mediators of tumorigenesis. These data also provide the impetus for further clinical evaluation of HSP90, AKT, MEK or E2F pathway inhibitors in PRCC. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02416-z.
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9
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Rahmy S, Mishra SJ, Murphy S, Blagg BSJ, Lu X. Hsp90β inhibition upregulates interferon response and enhances immune checkpoint blockade therapy in murine tumors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1005045. [PMID: 36341371 PMCID: PMC9630337 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1005045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Response resistance to the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy remains a major clinical challenge that may be overcome through the rational combination of ICB and specific targeted therapeutics. One emerging combination strategy is based on sensitizing ICB-refractory tumors with antagonists of 90kD heat shock protein (Hsp90) that target all four isoforms. However, pan-Hsp90 inhibitors are limited by the modest efficacy, on-target and off-tumor toxicities, and induction of the heat shock response (HSR) that overrides the effect of Hsp90 inhibition. Recently, we developed Hsp90β-selective inhibitors that were cytotoxic to cancer cells but did not induce HSR in vitro. Here, we report that the Hsp90β inhibitor NDNB1182 downregulated CDK4 (an Hsp90β-dependent client protein) and induced the expression of endogenous retroviral elements and interferon-stimulated genes. In syngeneic mouse models of prostate cancer and breast cancer, NDNB1182 significantly augmented the efficacy of ICB therapy. Furthermore, NDNB1182 showed superior tolerability to the pan-Hsp90 inhibitor Ganetespib in mice. Our findings provide evidence that Hsp90β inhibition is a potentially effective and safe regimen to combine with ICB to treat immunotherapy-refractory solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharif Rahmy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Sanket J. Mishra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Sean Murphy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Brian S. J. Blagg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Warren Family Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
- Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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10
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Fedotcheva TA, Fedotcheva NI, Shimanovsky NL. Progesterone as an Anti-Inflammatory Drug and Immunomodulator: New Aspects in Hormonal Regulation of the Inflammation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091299. [PMID: 36139138 PMCID: PMC9496164 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The specific regulation of inflammatory processes by steroid hormones has been actively studied in recent years, especially by progesterone (P4) and progestins. The mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory P4 action are not fully clear. The anti-inflammatory effects of P4 can be defined as nonspecific, associated with the inhibition of NF-κB and COX, as well as the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, or as specific, associated with the regulation of T-cell activation, the regulation of the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and the phenomenon of immune tolerance. The specific anti-inflammatory effects of P4 and its derivatives (progestins) can also include the inhibition of proliferative signaling pathways and the antagonistic action against estrogen receptor beta-mediated signaling as a proinflammatory and mitogenic factor. The anti-inflammatory action of P4 is accomplished through the participation of progesterone receptor (PR) chaperones HSP90, as well as immunophilins FKBP51 and FKBP52, which are the validated targets of clinically approved immunosuppressive drugs. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of HSP90 inhibitors, tacrolimus and cyclosporine, are manifested, among other factors, due to their participation in the formation of an active ligand–receptor complex of P4 and their interaction with its constituent immunophilins. Pharmacological agents such as HSP90 inhibitors can restore the lost anti-inflammatory effect of glucocorticoids and P4 in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. By regulating the activity of FKBP51 and FKBP52, it is possible to increase or decrease hormonal signaling, as well as restore it during the development of hormone resistance. The combined action of immunophilin suppressors with steroid hormones may be a promising strategy in the treatment of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including endometriosis, stress-related disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, and miscarriages. Presumably, the hormone receptor- and immunophilin-targeted drugs may act synergistically, allowing for a lower dose of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Fedotcheva
- Science Research Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Biological Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ostrovityanova St. 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-9169353196
| | - Nadezhda I. Fedotcheva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str. 3, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Nikolai L. Shimanovsky
- Science Research Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Biological Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ostrovityanova St. 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
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11
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Tumor Temperature: Friend or Foe of Virus-Based Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10082024. [PMID: 36009571 PMCID: PMC9405776 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The temperature of a solid tumor is often dissimilar to baseline body temperature and, compared to healthy tissues, may be elevated, reduced, or a mix of both. The temperature of a tumor is dependent on metabolic activity and vascularization and can change due to tumor progression, treatment, or cancer type. Despite the need to function optimally within temperature-variable tumors, oncolytic viruses (OVs) are primarily tested at 37 °C in vitro. Furthermore, animal species utilized to test oncolytic viruses, such as mice, dogs, cats, and non-human primates, poorly recapitulate the temperature profile of humans. In this review, we discuss the importance of temperature as a variable for OV immunotherapy of solid tumors. Accumulating evidence supports that the temperature sensitivity of OVs lies on a spectrum, with some OVs likely hindered but others enhanced by elevated temperatures. We suggest that in vitro temperature sensitivity screening be performed for all OVs destined for the clinic to identify potential hinderances or benefits with regard to elevated temperature. Furthermore, we provide recommendations for the clinical use of temperature and OVs.
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12
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Stachowski TR, Fischer M. Large-Scale Ligand Perturbations of the Protein Conformational Landscape Reveal State-Specific Interaction Hotspots. J Med Chem 2022; 65:13692-13704. [PMID: 35970514 PMCID: PMC9619398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Protein flexibility is important for ligand binding but
often ignored
in drug design. Considering proteins as ensembles rather than static
snapshots creates opportunities to target dynamic proteins that lack
FDA-approved drugs, such as the human chaperone, heat shock protein
90 (Hsp90). Hsp90α accommodates ligands with a dynamic lid domain,
yet no comprehensive analysis relating lid conformations to ligand
properties is available. To date, ∼300 ligand-bound Hsp90α
crystal structures are deposited in the Protein Data Bank, which enables
us to consider ligand binding as a perturbation of the protein conformational
landscape. By estimating binding site volumes, we classified structures
into distinct major and minor lid conformations. Supported by retrospective
docking, each conformation creates unique hotspots that bind chemically
distinguishable ligands. Clustering revealed insightful exceptions
and the impact of crystal packing. Overall, Hsp90α’s
plasticity provides a cautionary tale of overinterpreting individual
crystal structures and motivates an ensemble-based view of drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Stachowski
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
| | - Marcus Fischer
- Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, United States
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13
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Stachowski TR, Vanarotti M, Seetharaman J, Lopez K, Fischer M. Water Networks Repopulate Protein-Ligand Interfaces with Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202112919. [PMID: 35648650 PMCID: PMC9329195 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution crystal structures highlight the importance of water networks in protein-ligand interactions. However, as these are typically determined at cryogenic temperature, resulting insights may be structurally precise but not biologically accurate. By collecting 10 matched room-temperature and cryogenic datasets of the biomedical target Hsp90α, we identified changes in water networks that impact protein conformations at the ligand binding interface. Water repositioning with temperature repopulates protein ensembles and ligand interactions. We introduce Flipper conformational barcodes to identify temperature-sensitive regions in electron density maps. This revealed that temperature-responsive states coincide with ligand-responsive regions and capture unique binding signatures that disappear upon cryo-cooling. Our results have implications for discovering Hsp90 selective ligands, and, more generally, for the utility of hidden protein and water conformations in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R. Stachowski
- Department of Chemical Biology & TherapeuticsSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA
| | - Murugendra Vanarotti
- Department of Chemical Biology & TherapeuticsSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA
| | - Jayaraman Seetharaman
- Department of Structural BiologySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA
| | - Karlo Lopez
- School of Natural SciencesMathematicsand EngineeringCalifornia State UniversityBakersfieldCA 93311USA
| | - Marcus Fischer
- Department of Chemical Biology & TherapeuticsSt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA
- Department of Structural BiologySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA
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14
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Stachowski TR, Vanarotti M, Seetharaman J, Lopez K, Fischer M. Water Networks Repopulate Protein‐Ligand Interfaces With Temperature. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Stachowski
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital Chemical Biology & Therapeutics UNITED STATES
| | - Murugendra Vanarotti
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital Chemical Biology & Therapeutics UNITED STATES
| | | | - Karlo Lopez
- California State University - Bakersfield School of Natural Sciences, Mathematics, and Engineering UNITED STATES
| | - Marcus Fischer
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital Chemical Biology & Therapeutics 262 Danny Thomas Place 38105 Memphis UNITED STATES
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15
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Bhatia S, Spanier L, Bickel D, Dienstbier N, Woloschin V, Vogt M, Pols H, Lungerich B, Reiners J, Aghaallaei N, Diedrich D, Frieg B, Schliehe-Diecks J, Bopp B, Lang F, Gopalswamy M, Loschwitz J, Bajohgli B, Skokowa J, Borkhardt A, Hauer J, Hansen FK, Smits SHJ, Jose J, Gohlke H, Kurz T. Development of a First-in-Class Small-Molecule Inhibitor of the C-Terminal Hsp90 Dimerization. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:636-655. [PMID: 35647282 PMCID: PMC9136973 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins 90 (Hsp90) are promising therapeutic targets due to their involvement in stabilizing several aberrantly expressed oncoproteins. In cancerous cells, Hsp90 expression is elevated, thereby exerting antiapoptotic effects, which is essential for the malignant transformation and tumor progression. Most of the Hsp90 inhibitors (Hsp90i) under investigation target the ATP binding site in the N-terminal domain of Hsp90. However, adverse effects, including induction of the prosurvival resistance mechanism (heat shock response or HSR) and associated dose-limiting toxicity, have so far precluded their clinical approval. In contrast, modulators that interfere with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Hsp90 do not inflict HSR. Since the CTD dimerization of Hsp90 is essential for its chaperone activity, interfering with the dimerization process by small-molecule protein-protein interaction inhibitors is a promising strategy for anticancer drug research. We have developed a first-in-class small-molecule inhibitor (5b) targeting the Hsp90 CTD dimerization interface, based on a tripyrimidonamide scaffold through structure-based molecular design, chemical synthesis, binding mode model prediction, assessment of the biochemical affinity, and efficacy against therapy-resistant leukemia cells. 5b reduces xenotransplantation of leukemia cells in zebrafish models and induces apoptosis in BCR-ABL1+ (T315I) tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant leukemia cells, without inducing HSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanil Bhatia
- Department
of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical
Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Phone: (+49) 211 81 04896.
| | - Lukas Spanier
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - David Bickel
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Niklas Dienstbier
- Department
of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical
Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Vitalij Woloschin
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Melina Vogt
- Department
of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical
Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Henrik Pols
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Beate Lungerich
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Jens Reiners
- Center
for Structural Studies, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Narges Aghaallaei
- Department
of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Daniela Diedrich
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Benedikt Frieg
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- John
von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC), Jülich Supercomputing
Centre (JSC), Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7:
Structural Biochemistry) & Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4:
Bioinformatics), Forschungszentrum Jülich
GmbH, Jülich 52425, Germany
| | - Julian Schliehe-Diecks
- Department
of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical
Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Bertan Bopp
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westphalian Wilhelms University, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Franziska Lang
- Department
of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical
Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Mohanraj Gopalswamy
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Jennifer Loschwitz
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Baubak Bajohgli
- Department
of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department
of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department
of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical
Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Julia Hauer
- Department
of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden 01307, Germany
- Partner
Site Dresden, National Center for Tumor
Diseases (NCT), Dresden 01307, Germany
| | - Finn K. Hansen
- Pharmaceutical
and Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Institute University of Bonn, Bonn 53121, Germany
| | - Sander H. J. Smits
- Center
for Structural Studies, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University
Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, PharmaCampus, Westphalian Wilhelms University, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Holger Gohlke
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- John
von Neumann Institute for Computing (NIC), Jülich Supercomputing
Centre (JSC), Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7:
Structural Biochemistry) & Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4:
Bioinformatics), Forschungszentrum Jülich
GmbH, Jülich 52425, Germany
- Phone: (+49)
211 81 13662.
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Institute
for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Phone: (+49)
211 81 14984.
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16
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Zhang M, Peng Y, Yang Z, Zhang H, Xu C, Liu L, Zhao Q, Wu J, Wang H, Liu J. DAB2IP down-regulates HSP90AA1 to inhibit the malignant biological behaviors of colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:561. [PMID: 35590292 PMCID: PMC9118737 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09596-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that DAB2IP inhibits cancer progression, while HSP90AA1 promotes cancer progression. However, the specific regulatory mechanism of DAB2IP and HSP90AA1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not clear. Our aim is to investigate the role and mechanism of DAB2IP and HSP90AA1 in the development of CRC. Methods We used bioinformation to analyze the interaction between DAB2IP and HSP90AA1 and predict their downstream pathways. Then, a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to reveal the role of DAB2IP and HSP90AA1 in the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer, and flow cytometry was used to explore their effects on apoptosis. Results Loss of DAB2IP was associated with poor prognosis of CRC. In contrast, elevated expression of HSP90AA1 was associated with the malignant behavior of CRC. The present study demonstrated a negative correlation between DAB2IP and HSP90AA1. Using bioinformatic analysis, we scanned SRP9 which was highly expressed in CRC, as a co-related gene of DAB2IP and HSP90AA1. Mechanistically, DAB2IP promoted apoptosis through HSP90AA1/SRP9/ASK1/JNK signaling axis in CRC. Conclusions These findings provide evidence that DAB2IP-based therapy may enhance the anticancer effect of HSP90AA1 inhibitors, and combined targeting of DAB2IP and HSP90AA1 may be a powerful treatment strategy to combat CRC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09596-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuchang District, WuhanHubei Province, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuchang District, WuhanHubei Province, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhenwei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuchang District, WuhanHubei Province, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuchang District, WuhanHubei Province, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Tongji Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuchang District, WuhanHubei Province, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuchang District, WuhanHubei Province, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jixiong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huangzhou District, No.11, Kaopeng Street, HuanggangHubei Province, 438000, China.
| | - Hongling Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuchang District, WuhanHubei Province, 430071, China. .,Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 169, Donghu Road, Wuchang District, WuhanHubei Province, 430071, China. .,Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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17
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Liu M, Jiang L, Cao W, Wu J, Chen X. Identification of Inhibitors and Drug Targets for Human Adenovirus Infections. Viruses 2022; 14:v14050959. [PMID: 35632701 PMCID: PMC9144521 DOI: 10.3390/v14050959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses can cause infections in people of all ages at all seasons of the year. Adenovirus infections cause mild to severe illnesses. Children, immunocompromised patients, or those with existing respiratory or cardiac disease are at higher risk. Unfortunately, there are no commercial drugs or vaccines available on the market for adenovirus infections. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new antiviral drugs or drug targets for adenovirus infections. To identify potential antiviral agents for adenovirus infections, we screened a drug library containing 2138 compounds, most of which are drugs with known targets and past phase I clinical trials. On a cell-based assay, we identified 131 hits that inhibit adenoviruses type 3 and 5. A secondary screen confirmed the antiviral effects of 59 inhibitors that inhibit the replication of adenoviruses type 3 or 5. Most of the inhibitors target heat shock protein, protein tyrosine kinase, the mTOR signaling pathway, and other host factors, suggesting that these host factors may be essential for replicating adenoviruses. Through this study, the newly identified adenovirus inhibitors may provide a start point for developing new antiviral drugs to treat adenovirus infections. Further validation of the identified drug targets can help the development of new therapeutics against adenovirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lefang Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (L.J.); (W.C.)
| | - Weihua Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (L.J.); (W.C.)
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (L.J.); (W.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-20-8522-0949 (J.W. & X.C.)
| | - Xulin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
- College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (L.J.); (W.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (X.C.); Tel.: +86-20-8522-0949 (J.W. & X.C.)
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18
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Mercier R, LaPointe P. The role of cellular proteostasis in anti-tumor immunity. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101930. [PMID: 35421375 PMCID: PMC9108985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy is perhaps the most important development in cancer treatment in recent memory. It is based on decades of investigation into the biology of immune cells and the role of the immune system in controlling cancer growth. While the molecular circuitry that governs the immune system in general - and anti-tumor immunity in particular - is intensely studied, far less attention has been paid to the role of cellular stress in this process. Proteostasis, intimately linked to cell stress responses, refers to the dynamic regulation of the cellular proteome and is maintained through a complex network of systems that govern the synthesis, folding, and degradation of proteins in the cell. Disruption of these systems can result in the loss of protein function, altered protein function, the formation of toxic aggregates, or pathologies associated with cell stress. However, the importance of proteostasis extends beyond its role in maintaining proper protein function; proteostasis governs how tolerant cells may be to mutations in protein coding genes and the overall half-life of proteins. Such gene expression changes may be associated with human diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disease, and cancer and manifest at the protein level against the backdrop of the proteostasis network in any given cellular environment. In this review, we focus on the role of proteostasis in regulating immune responses against cancer as well the role of proteostasis in determining immunogenicity of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mercier
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Paul LaPointe
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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19
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Kurop MK, Huyen CM, Kelly JH, Blagg BSJ. The heat shock response and small molecule regulators. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113846. [PMID: 34563965 PMCID: PMC8608735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is a highly conserved cellular pathway that is responsible for stress relief and the refolding of denatured proteins [1]. When a host cell is exposed to conditions such as heat shock, ischemia, or toxic substances, heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1), a transcription factor, activates the genes that encode for the heat shock proteins (Hsps), which are a family of proteins that work alongside other chaperones to relieve stress and refold proteins that have been denatured (Burdon, 1986) [2]. Along with the refolding of denatured proteins, Hsps facilitate the removal of misfolded proteins by escorting them to degradation pathways, thereby preventing the accumulation of misfolded proteins [3]. Research has indicated that many pathological conditions, such as diabetes, cancer, neuropathy, cardiovascular disease, and aging have a negative impact on HSR function and are commonly associated with misfolded protein aggregation [4,5]. Studies indicate an interplay between mitochondrial homeostasis and HSF-1 levels can impact stress resistance, proteostasis, and malignant cell growth, which further support the role of Hsps in pathological and metabolic functions [6]. On the other hand, Hsp activation by specific small molecules can induce the heat shock response, which can afford neuroprotection and other benefits [7]. This review will focus on the modulation of Hsps and the HSR as therapeutic options to treat these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret K Kurop
- Warren Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Cormac M Huyen
- Warren Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - John H Kelly
- Warren Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Brian S J Blagg
- Warren Center for Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
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20
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Heterogeneous Responses and Isoform Compensation Dim Therapeutic Window of Hsp90 ATP-Binding Inhibitors in Cancer. Mol Cell Biol 2021; 42:e0045921. [PMID: 34871064 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00459-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The rare capacity for heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90) chaperones to support almost the entire cellular signaling networks was viewed as a potential breakthrough point to combat tumor resistance to single oncogene-based therapeutics. Over two decades, several generations of Hsp90 ATP-binding inhibitors have entered numerous cancer clinical trials, but few have advanced to FDA approval for treatment of human cancers. Herein, we report that Hsp90 expression dramatically vary especially among different types of non-cancer cells and organs. The highly variable levels of Hsp90 from as low as 1.7% to as high as 9% of their total cellular proteins were responsible for either an extreme sensitivity or an extreme resistance to a classical Hsp90 ATP-binding inhibitor. Among randomly selected cancer cell lines, the same client proteins for regulation of cell growth exhibited unexpectedly heterogenous reactions in response to Hsp90 ATP-binding inhibitor, inconsistent with the current understanding. Finally, a minimum amount (<10%) of Hsp90β was still required for client protein stability and cell survival even in the presence of full Hsp90α. These new findings of Hsp90 expression in host and isoform compensation in tumor cells could complicate biomarker selection, toxicity readout and clinical efficacy of Hsp90-ATP-binding inhibitors in cancer clinical trials.
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21
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With or without You: Co-Chaperones Mediate Health and Disease by Modifying Chaperone Function and Protein Triage. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113121. [PMID: 34831344 PMCID: PMC8619055 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of molecular chaperones that regulate essential protein refolding and triage decisions to maintain protein homeostasis. Numerous co-chaperone proteins directly interact and modify the function of HSPs, and these interactions impact the outcome of protein triage, impacting everything from structural proteins to cell signaling mediators. The chaperone/co-chaperone machinery protects against various stressors to ensure cellular function in the face of stress. However, coding mutations, expression changes, and post-translational modifications of the chaperone/co-chaperone machinery can alter the cellular stress response. Importantly, these dysfunctions appear to contribute to numerous human diseases. Therapeutic targeting of chaperones is an attractive but challenging approach due to the vast functions of HSPs, likely contributing to the off-target effects of these therapies. Current efforts focus on targeting co-chaperones to develop precise treatments for numerous diseases caused by defects in protein quality control. This review focuses on the recent developments regarding selected HSP70/HSP90 co-chaperones, with a concentration on cardioprotection, neuroprotection, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. We also discuss therapeutic approaches that highlight both the utility and challenges of targeting co-chaperones.
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22
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Xu S, Guo A, Chen NN, Dai W, Yang HA, Xie W, Wang M, You QD, Xu XL. Design and synthesis of Grp94 selective inhibitors based on Phe199 induced fit mechanism and their anti-inflammatory effects. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113604. [PMID: 34174740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-regulated protein 94 (Grp94), a member of the Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) family, is implicated in many human diseases, including cancer, neurodegeneration, inflammatory, and infectious diseases. Here, we describe our effort to design and develop a new series of Grp94 inhibitors based on Phe199 induced fit mechanism. Using an alkynyl-containing inhibitor as a starting point, we developed compound 4, which showed potent inhibitory activity toward Grp94 in a fluorescence polarization-based assay. With improved physicochemical properties and suitable pharmacokinetic properties, compound 4 was advanced into in vivo bioactivity evaluation. In a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC), compound 4 showed anti-inflammatory property and reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6). Together, these findings provide evidence that this approach may be promising for further Grp94 drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Anping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Nan-Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huan-Aoyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wenqin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiao-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Arhar T, Shkedi A, Nadel CM, Gestwicki JE. The interactions of molecular chaperones with client proteins: why are they so weak? J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101282. [PMID: 34624315 PMCID: PMC8567204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The major classes of molecular chaperones have highly variable sequences, sizes, and shapes, yet they all bind to unfolded proteins, limit their aggregation, and assist in their folding. Despite the central importance of this process to protein homeostasis, it has not been clear exactly how chaperones guide this process or whether the diverse families of chaperones use similar mechanisms. For the first time, recent advances in NMR spectroscopy have enabled detailed studies of how unfolded, "client" proteins interact with both ATP-dependent and ATP-independent classes of chaperones. Here, we review examples from four distinct chaperones, Spy, Trigger Factor, DnaK, and HscA-HscB, highlighting the similarities and differences between their mechanisms. One striking similarity is that the chaperones all bind weakly to their clients, such that the chaperone-client interactions are readily outcompeted by stronger, intra- and intermolecular contacts in the folded state. Thus, the relatively weak affinity of these interactions seems to provide directionality to the folding process. However, there are also key differences, especially in the details of how the chaperones release clients and how ATP cycling impacts that process. For example, Spy releases clients in a largely folded state, while clients seem to be unfolded upon release from Trigger Factor or DnaK. Together, these studies are beginning to uncover the similarities and differences in how chaperones use weak interactions to guide protein folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Arhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco California, USA
| | - Arielle Shkedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco California, USA
| | - Cory M Nadel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco California, USA
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and the Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco California, USA.
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Stofberg ML, Caillet C, de Villiers M, Zininga T. Inhibitors of the Plasmodium falciparum Hsp90 towards Selective Antimalarial Drug Design: The Past, Present and Future. Cells 2021; 10:2849. [PMID: 34831072 PMCID: PMC8616389 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is still one of the major killer parasitic diseases in tropical settings, posing a public health threat. The development of antimalarial drug resistance is reversing the gains made in attempts to control the disease. The parasite leads a complex life cycle that has adapted to outwit almost all known antimalarial drugs to date, including the first line of treatment, artesunate. There is a high unmet need to develop new strategies and identify novel therapeutics to reverse antimalarial drug resistance development. Among the strategies, here we focus and discuss the merits of the development of antimalarials targeting the Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) due to the central role it plays in protein quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tawanda Zininga
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; (M.L.S.); (C.C.); (M.d.V.)
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25
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Antolin AA, Clarke PA, Collins I, Workman P, Al-Lazikani B. Evolution of kinase polypharmacology across HSP90 drug discovery. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1433-1445.e3. [PMID: 34077750 PMCID: PMC8550792 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Most small molecules interact with several target proteins but this polypharmacology is seldom comprehensively investigated or explicitly exploited during drug discovery. Here, we use computational and experimental methods to identify and systematically characterize the kinase cross-pharmacology of representative HSP90 inhibitors. We demonstrate that the resorcinol clinical candidates ganetespib and, to a lesser extent, luminespib, display unique off-target kinase pharmacology as compared with other HSP90 inhibitors. We also demonstrate that polypharmacology evolved during the optimization to discover luminespib and that the hit, leads, and clinical candidate all have different polypharmacological profiles. We therefore recommend the computational and experimental characterization of polypharmacology earlier in drug discovery projects to unlock new multi-target drug design opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert A Antolin
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Paul A Clarke
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ian Collins
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Paul Workman
- Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Bissan Al-Lazikani
- Department of Data Science, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK; Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 5NG, UK.
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26
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Lang BJ, Guerrero ME, Prince TL, Okusha Y, Bonorino C, Calderwood SK. The functions and regulation of heat shock proteins; key orchestrators of proteostasis and the heat shock response. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1943-1970. [PMID: 34003342 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cells respond to protein-damaging (proteotoxic) stress by activation of the Heat Shock Response (HSR). The HSR provides cells with an enhanced ability to endure proteotoxic insults and plays a crucial role in determining subsequent cell death or survival. The HSR is, therefore, a critical factor that influences the toxicity of protein stress. While named for its vital role in the cellular response to heat stress, various components of the HSR system and the molecular chaperone network execute essential physiological functions as well as responses to other diverse toxic insults. The effector molecules of the HSR, the Heat Shock Factors (HSFs) and Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs), are also important regulatory targets in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Modulation of the HSR and/or its extended network have, therefore, become attractive treatment strategies for these diseases. Development of effective therapies will, however, require a detailed understanding of the HSR, important features of which continue to be uncovered and are yet to be completely understood. We review recently described and hallmark mechanistic principles of the HSR, the regulation and functions of HSPs, and contexts in which the HSR is activated and influences cell fate in response to various toxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Lang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Martin E Guerrero
- Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicine and Experimental Biology of Cuyo (IMBECU), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Thomas L Prince
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yuka Okusha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Cristina Bonorino
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Stuart K Calderwood
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heat shock proteins (HSPs) constitute a large family of proteins involved in protein folding and maturation. HSP expression is induced by heat shock or other stressors including cellular damage and hypoxia. The major groups, which are classified based on their molecular weight, include HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSP (HSP110 and glucose-regulated protein 170). HSPs play a significant role in cellular proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis, and carcinogenesis. The human HSP90 family consists of five members and has a strong association with cancer. OBJECTIVES The primary objective is to review the important functions of heat shock protein 90 in cancer, especially as an anti-cancer drug target. RESULTS The HSP90 proteins not only play important roles in cancer development, progression, and metastasis, but also have potential clinical use as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis or assessing disease progression, and as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. In this chapter, we discuss the roles of HSP90 in cancer biology and pharmacology, focusing on HSP90 as an anti-cancer drug target. An understanding of the functions and molecular mechanisms of HSP90 is critical for enhancing the accuracy of cancer diagnosis as well as for developing more effective and less toxic chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION We have provided an overview of the complex relationship between cancer and HSP90. HSP90 proteins play an important role in tumorigenesis and may be used as potential clinical biomarkers for the diagnosis and predicting prognostic outcome of patients with cancer. HSP90 proteins may be used as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy, prompting discovery and development of novel chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Aswad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV, United States
| | - Tuoen Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV, United States.
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