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Edwards W, Bussey OK, Conlon FL. The Tbx20-TLE interaction is essential for the maintenance of the second heart field. Development 2023; 150:dev201677. [PMID: 37756602 PMCID: PMC10629681 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
T-box transcription factor 20 (Tbx20) plays a multifaceted role in cardiac morphogenesis and controls a broad gene regulatory network. However, the mechanism by which Tbx20 activates and represses target genes in a tissue-specific and temporal manner remains unclear. Studies show that Tbx20 directly interacts with the Transducin-like Enhancer of Split (TLE) family of proteins to mediate transcriptional repression. However, a function for the Tbx20-TLE transcriptional repression complex during heart development has yet to be established. We created a mouse model with a two amino acid substitution in the Tbx20 EH1 domain, thereby disrupting the Tbx20-TLE interaction. Disruption of this interaction impaired crucial morphogenic events, including cardiac looping and chamber formation. Transcriptional profiling of Tbx20EH1Mut hearts and analysis of putative direct targets revealed misexpression of the retinoic acid pathway and cardiac progenitor genes. Further, we show that altered cardiac progenitor development and function contribute to the severe cardiac defects in our model. Our studies indicate that TLE-mediated repression is a primary mechanism by which Tbx20 controls gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Edwards
- Department of Biology and Genetics, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Integrative Program for Biological & Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Olivia K. Bussey
- Department of Biology and Genetics, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Integrative Program for Biological & Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Frank L. Conlon
- Department of Biology and Genetics, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Integrative Program for Biological & Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Wu F, He Q, Li F, Yang X. A review of protocols for engineering human cardiac organoids. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19938. [PMID: 37809996 PMCID: PMC10559357 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of human cardiac organoids (hCOs) as 3D in vitro models for cardiovascular research has shown great promise. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have proven to be a potent source for engineering hCOs. However, various protocols for generating hCOs from hPSCs result in significant differences in heart development, maturity, complexity, vascularization, and spatial structure, all of which can influence their functional and physiological properties. This protocol review aims to highlight different strategies for generating hCOs using hPSCs while also critically discussing their challenges and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujian Wu
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Post-doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Qian He
- School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Furong Li
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xiaofei Yang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
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Mesp1 controls the chromatin and enhancer landscapes essential for spatiotemporal patterning of early cardiovascular progenitors. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1114-1128. [PMID: 35817961 PMCID: PMC7613098 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00947-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian heart arises from various populations of Mesp1-expressing cardiovascular progenitors (CPs) that are specified during the early stages of gastrulation. Mesp1 is a transcription factor that acts as a master regulator of CP specification and differentiation. However, how Mesp1 regulates the chromatin landscape of nascent mesodermal cells to define the temporal and spatial patterning of the distinct populations of CPs remains unknown. Here, by combining ChIP-seq, RNA-seq and ATAC-seq during mouse pluripotent stem cell differentiation, we defined the dynamic remodelling of the chromatin landscape mediated by Mesp1. We identified different enhancers that are temporally regulated to erase the pluripotent state and specify the pools of CPs that mediate heart development. We identified Zic2 and Zic3 as essential cofactors that act with Mesp1 to regulate its transcription-factor activity at key mesodermal enhancers, thereby regulating the chromatin remodelling and gene expression associated with the specification of the different populations of CPs in vivo. Our study identifies the dynamics of the chromatin landscape and enhancer remodelling associated with temporal patterning of early mesodermal cells into the distinct populations of CPs that mediate heart development.
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Gonzalez DM, Schrode N, Ebrahim TAM, Broguiere N, Rossi G, Drakhlis L, Zweigerdt R, Lutolf MP, Beaumont KG, Sebra R, Dubois NC. Dissecting mechanisms of chamber-specific cardiac differentiation and its perturbation following retinoic acid exposure. Development 2022; 149:275658. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The specification of distinct cardiac lineages occurs before chamber formation and acquisition of bona fide atrial or ventricular identity. However, the mechanisms underlying these early specification events remain poorly understood. Here, we performed single cell analysis at the murine cardiac crescent, primitive heart tube and heart tube stages to uncover the transcriptional mechanisms underlying formation of atrial and ventricular cells. We find that progression towards differentiated cardiomyocytes occurs primarily based on heart field progenitor identity, and that progenitors contribute to ventricular or atrial identity through distinct differentiation mechanisms. We identify new candidate markers that define such differentiation processes and examine their expression dynamics using computational lineage trajectory methods. We further show that exposure to exogenous retinoic acid causes defects in ventricular chamber size, dysregulation in FGF signaling and a shunt in differentiation towards orthogonal lineages. Retinoic acid also causes defects in cell-cycle exit resulting in formation of hypomorphic ventricles. Collectively, our data identify, at a single cell level, distinct lineage trajectories during cardiac specification and differentiation, and the precise effects of manipulating cardiac progenitor patterning via retinoic acid signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Gonzalez
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 1 Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 2 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 3 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 4 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| | - Nadine Schrode
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 5 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| | - Tasneem A. M. Ebrahim
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 1 Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 2 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 3 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 4 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
| | - Nicolas Broguiere
- School of Life Sciences, EPFL 6 Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering , , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
| | - Giuliana Rossi
- School of Life Sciences, EPFL 6 Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering , , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
| | - Lika Drakhlis
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering 7 , Roche Pharma Research and Early Development , Basel 4052 , Switzerland
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering 7 , Roche Pharma Research and Early Development , Basel 4052 , Switzerland
| | - Matthias P. Lutolf
- School of Life Sciences, EPFL 6 Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering , , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering 7 , Roche Pharma Research and Early Development , Basel 4052 , Switzerland
| | - Kristin G. Beaumont
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 5 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO) 8 , Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG) , , Hannover , Germany
- REBIRTH–Research Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School 8 , Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG) , , Hannover , Germany
| | - Robert Sebra
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 3 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 5 Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Sema4, a Mount Sinai venture 9 , Stamford, CT 06902 , USA
| | - Nicole C. Dubois
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 1 Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology , , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 2 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 3 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai 4 , New York, NY 10029 , USA
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Multi-species transcriptome meta-analysis of the response to retinoic acid in vertebrates and comparative analysis of the effects of retinol and retinoic acid on gene expression in LMH cells. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:146. [PMID: 33653267 PMCID: PMC7923837 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Retinol (RO) and its active metabolite retinoic acid (RA) are major regulators of gene expression in vertebrates and influence various processes like organ development, cell differentiation, and immune response. To characterize a general transcriptomic response to RA-exposure in vertebrates, independent of species- and tissue-specific effects, four publicly available RNA-Seq datasets from Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, and Xenopus laevis were analyzed. To increase species and cell-type diversity we generated RNA-seq data with chicken hepatocellular carcinoma (LMH) cells. Additionally, we compared the response of LMH cells to RA and RO at different time points. Results By conducting a transcriptome meta-analysis, we identified three retinoic acid response core clusters (RARCCs) consisting of 27 interacting proteins, seven of which have not been associated with retinoids yet. Comparison of the transcriptional response of LMH cells to RO and RA exposure at different time points led to the identification of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are only differentially expressed (DE) during the early response. Conclusions We propose that these RARCCs stand on top of a common regulatory RA hierarchy among vertebrates. Based on the protein sets included in these clusters we were able to identify an RA-response cluster, a control center type cluster, and a cluster that directs cell proliferation. Concerning the comparison of the cellular response to RA and RO we conclude that ncRNAs play an underestimated role in retinoid-mediated gene regulation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07451-2.
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