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Preliminary evidence that daily light exposure enhances the antibody response to influenza vaccination in patients with dementia. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 26:100515. [PMID: 36193044 PMCID: PMC9526132 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancing lighting conditions in institutions for individuals with dementia improves their sleep, circadian rhythms and well-being. Here, we report first findings that exposure to brighter light during daytime may support the immune response to the annual influenza vaccination. Eighty older institutionalised patients suffering from dementia (54 women and 26 men) continuously wore an activity tracker for 8 weeks to assess individual light exposure and rest-activity cycles. We analysed the patients’ immune response from two blood samples taken before and 4 weeks after the annual influenza vaccination. Individual antibody concentrations to three influenza virus strains (H3N2, H1N1, IB) were quantified via hemagglutination inhibition assays. By quantifying individual light exposure profiles (including daylight), we classified the patients into a low and a high light exposure group based on a median illuminance of 392.6 lux. The two light exposure groups did not differ in cognitive impairment severity, age or gender distribution. However, patients in the high light exposure group showed a significantly greater circadian rest-activity amplitude (i.e., more daytime activity and less nighttime activity) along with a significantly greater antibody titer increase to the H3N2 vaccine than patients in the low light exposure group, despite similar pre-vaccination concentrations. Sufficient seroprotective responses to all three influenza virus strains were attained for ≥75% of participants. These data provide preliminary evidence for a potentially enhanced immune response in patients with dementia when they received more daily light. Future studies are needed to determine whether regular daily light exposure may have beneficial effects on the human immune system, either directly or via a stabilising circadian sleep-wake rhythms. Data from individual light exposures and circadian rest-activity cycles in 80 institutionalised patients with dementia. Blood samples were taken before and 4 weeks after the annual influenza vaccination. Patients with on average higher light exposure had higher specific antibody titer ratios after the influenza strain H3N2 vaccine. Circadian rest-activity amplitude and inter-daily stability were also higher in the group with higher daily light exposures. The results provide preliminary evidencefor beneficial effects of light on the immune system in patients with dementia.
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Nakano T, Chiang KC, Chen CC, Chen PJ, Lai CY, Hsu LW, Ohmori N, Goto T, Chen CL, Goto S. Sunlight Exposure and Phototherapy: Perspectives for Healthy Aging in an Era of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010950. [PMID: 34682694 PMCID: PMC8535353 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Most humans depend on sunlight exposure to satisfy their requirements for vitamin D3. However, the destruction of the ozone layer in the past few decades has increased the risk of skin aging and wrinkling caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which may also promote the risk of skin cancer development. The promotion of public health recommendations to avoid sunlight exposure would reduce the risk of skin cancer, but it would also enhance the risk of vitamin D3 insufficiency/deficiency, which may cause disease development and progression. In addition, the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic may further reduce sunlight exposure due to stay-at-home policies, resulting in difficulty in active and healthy aging. In this review article, we performed a literature search in PubMed and provided an overview of basic and clinical data regarding the impact of sunlight exposure and vitamin D3 on public health. We also discuss the potential mechanisms and clinical value of phototherapy with a full-spectrum light (notably blue, red, and near-infrared light) as an alternative to sunlight exposure, which may contribute to combating COVID-19 and promoting active and healthy aging in current aged/superaged societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Nakano
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (P.-J.C.); (L.-W.H.)
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-L.C.)
- Correspondence: (T.N.); (S.G.); Tel.: +886-7-731-7123 (T.N.); +81-975-53-2165 (S.G.)
| | - Kuei-Chen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (P.-J.C.); (L.-W.H.)
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Chien-Chih Chen
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-L.C.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (P.-J.C.); (L.-W.H.)
| | - Chia-Yun Lai
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Li-Wen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (P.-J.C.); (L.-W.H.)
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Naoya Ohmori
- Faculty of Nursing, Josai International University, Togane 283-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (T.G.)
- Kazusa Institute for Drug Discovery, Josai International University, Togane 283-8555, Japan
| | - Takeshi Goto
- Faculty of Nursing, Josai International University, Togane 283-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (T.G.)
- Kazusa Institute for Drug Discovery, Josai International University, Togane 283-8555, Japan
| | - Chao-Long Chen
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-L.C.)
| | - Shigeru Goto
- Liver Transplantation Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (C.-Y.L.); (C.-L.C.)
- Faculty of Nursing, Josai International University, Togane 283-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (T.G.)
- Nobeoka Medical Check Center, Fukuoka Institution of Occupational Health, Nobeoka 882-0872, Japan
- Correspondence: (T.N.); (S.G.); Tel.: +886-7-731-7123 (T.N.); +81-975-53-2165 (S.G.)
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He CQ, Mao L, Yao J, Zhao WC, Huang B, Hu N, Long DX. The Threshold Effects of Low-Dose-Rate Radiation on miRNA-Mediated Neurodevelopment of Zebrafish. Radiat Res 2021; 196:633-646. [PMID: 34399425 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00265.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The biological effects and regulatory mechanisms of low-dose and low-dose-rate radiation are still rather controversial. Therefore, in this study we investigated the effects of low-dose-rate radiation on zebrafish neurodevelopment and the role of miRNAs in radiation-induced neurodevelopment. Zebrafish embryos received prolonged gamma-ray irradiation (0 mGy/h, 0.1 mGy/h, 0.2 mGy/h, 0.4 mGy/h) during development. Neurodevelopmental indicators included mortality, malformation rate, swimming speed, as well as the morphology changes of the lateral line system and brain tissue. Additionally, spatiotemporal expression of development-related miRNAs (dre-miR-196a-5p, dre-miR-210-3p, dre-miR-338) and miRNA processing enzymes genes (Dicer and Drosha) were assessed by qRT-PCR and whole mount in situ hybridization (WISH). The results revealed a decline in mortality, malformation and swimming speed, with normal histological and morphological appearance, in zebrafish that received 0.1 mGy/h; however, increased mortality, malformation and swimming speed were observed, with pathological changes, in zebrafish that received 0.2 mGy/h and 0.4 mGy/h. The expression of miRNA processing enzyme genes was altered after irradiation, and miRNAs expression was downregulated in the 0.1 mGy/h group, and upregulated in the 0.2 mGy/h and 0.4 mGy/h groups. Furthermore, ectopic expression of dre-miR-210-3p, Dicer and Drosha was also observed in the 0.4 mGy/h group. In conclusion, the effect of low-dose and low-dose-rate radiation on neurodevelopment follows the threshold model, under the regulation of miRNAs, excitatory effects occurred at a dose rate of 0.1 mGy/h and toxic effects occurred at a dose rate of 0.2 mGy/h and 0.4 mGy/h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Qi He
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Liang Mao
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jin Yao
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Wei-Chao Zhao
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Bo Huang
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ding-Xin Long
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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