1
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Greño M, Pérez-Redondo A, Torrijos J, Varela-Izquierdo V, Yélamos C. Half-Sandwich Zirconium and Hafnium Amidoborane Complexes: Precursors of Hydride Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6576-6588. [PMID: 38567753 PMCID: PMC11022180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Half-sandwich zirconium(IV) and hafnium(IV) complexes with amidoborane and hydride ligands have been isolated in the stoichiometric reactions of mono(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)metal alkyl and amido derivatives with the amine-boranes NHR2BH3 (R2 = H2, Me2, HtBu). Treatment of the tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) complexes [M(η5-C5Me5)(CH2SiMe3)3] with NH3BH3 (3 equiv) gives the seven-coordinate species [M(η5-C5Me5)(NH2BH3)3] (M = Zr (1), Hf (2)) with three κ2N,H-NH2BH3 ligands. The tris(neophyl) [M(η5-C5Me5)(CH2CMe2Ph)3] or tris(dimethylamido) [M(η5-C5Me5)(NMe2)3] derivatives react with NHMe2BH3 (≥3 equiv) to afford bis(dimethylamidoborane) hydride complexes [M(η5-C5Me5)H(NMe2BH3)2] (M = Zr (3), Hf (4)) via thermally unstable [M(η5-C5Me5)(NMe2BH3)3] species. The reaction of [M(η5-C5Me5)(NMe2)3] and NH2tBuBH3 (≥4 equiv) affords analogous mixed amidoborane hydride derivatives [M(η5-C5Me5)H(NHtBuBH3)(NMe2BH3)] (M = Zr (5), Hf (6)) with κ2N,H-NHtBuBH3 and κ3N,H,H-NMe2BH3 ligands. The addition of NHR2BH3 (≥1 equiv) on the mono(dimethylamido) complexes [M(η5-C5Me5)Cl2(NMe2)] in hexane leads to the precipitation of the ionic compounds [(NHR2)2BH2][{M(η5-C5Me5)Cl2}2(μ-H)3] (R2 = Me2, M = Zr (7), Hf (8); R2 = HtBu, M = Zr (9), Hf (10)). Molecular hydride species [Cl2(η5-C5Me5)M(μ-Cl)(μ-H)2M(η5-C5Me5)Cl(NH2tBu)] (M = Zr (11), Hf (12)) could be isolated from mixtures of complexes [M(η5-C5Me5)Cl2(NMe2)] and lower ratios of NH2tBuBH3. The zirconium complex 11 decomposes in solution to give the mononuclear tert-butylamido derivative [Zr(η5-C5Me5)Cl2(NHtBu)] (13) along with other byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maider Greño
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Pérez-Redondo
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Torrijos
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Varela-Izquierdo
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Yélamos
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación
Química “Andrés M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Chorbacher J, Maier M, Klopf J, Fest M, Helten H. Poly(thiophene iminoborane): A Poly(thiophene vinylene) (PTV) Analogue with a Fully BN-Doped Backbone. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300278. [PMID: 37265120 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented poly(thiophene iminoborane)-a boron-nitrogen analogue of the well-established conjugated organic polymer poly(thiophene vinylene)-is presented. The polymer synthesis is achieved by selective Si/B exchange polycondensation of a 2,5-diborylthiophene with a 2,5-diaminothiophene derivative. For the latter, a facile synthetic strategy is devised, which makes this versatile, strongly electron-releasing building block easily accessible. The novel polymer and a series of monodisperse thiophene iminoborane oligomers reveal systematic bathochromic shifts in their absorption with increasing chain length, and thus extended π-conjugation over the BN units along the backbone, which is further supported by TD-DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Chorbacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Maier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Klopf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fest
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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3
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Race JJ, Heyam A, Wiebe MA, Diego-Garcia Hernandez J, Ellis CE, Lei S, Manners I, Weller AS. Polyphosphinoborane Block Copolymer Synthesis Using Catalytic Reversible Chain-Transfer Dehydropolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216106. [PMID: 36394131 PMCID: PMC10107156 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An amphiphilic block copolymer of polyphosphinoborane has been prepared by a mechanism-led strategy of the sequential catalytic dehydropolymerization of precursor monomers, H3 B ⋅ PRH2 (R=Ph, n-hexyl), using the simple pre-catalyst [Rh(Ph2 PCH2 CH2 PPh2 )2 ]Cl. Speciation, mechanism and polymer chain growth studies support a step-growth process where reversible chain transfer occurs, i.e. H3 B ⋅ PRH2 /oligomer/polymer can all coordinate with, and be activated by, the catalyst. Block copolymer [H2 BPPhH]110 -b-[H2 BP(n-hexyl)H]11 can be synthesized and self-assembles in solution to form either rod-like micelles or vesicles depending on solvent polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Race
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.,Chemistry Research Laboratories, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Alex Heyam
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Matthew A Wiebe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | | | - Charlotte E Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Shixing Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Andrew S Weller
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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4
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Brodie CN, Sotorrios L, Boyd TM, Macgregor SA, Weller AS. Dehydropolymerization of H 3B·NMeH 2 Mediated by Cationic Iridium(III) Precatalysts Bearing κ 3- iPr-PN RP Pincer Ligands ( R = H, Me): An Unexpected Inner-Sphere Mechanism. ACS Catal 2022; 12:13050-13064. [PMID: 36313521 PMCID: PMC9594342 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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The dehydropolymerization of H3B·NMeH2 to form N-methylpolyaminoborane using neutral
and
cationic catalysts based on the {Ir(iPr-PNHP)} fragment [iPr-PNHP = κ3-(CH2CH2PiPr2)2NH] is reported. Neutral
Ir(iPr-PNHP)H3 or
Ir(iPr-PNHP)H2Cl
precatalysts show no, or poor and unselective, activity respectively
at 298 K in 1,2-F2C6H4 solution.
In contrast, addition of [NMeH3][BArF4] (ArF = 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3) to Ir(iPr-PNHP)H3 immediately starts catalysis, suggesting that a cationic
catalytic manifold operates. Consistent with this, independently synthesized
cationic precatalysts are active (tested between 0.5 and 2.0 mol %
loading) producing poly(N-methylaminoborane) with Mn ∼ 40,000 g/mol, Đ ∼1.5, i.e., dihydrogen/dihydride, [Ir(iPr-PNHP)(H)2(H2)][BArF4]; σ-amine-borane [Ir(iPr-PNHP)(H)2(H3B·NMe3)][BArF4]; and [Ir(iPr-PNHP)(H)2(NMeH2)][BArF4]. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations
probe hydride exchange processes in two of these complexes and also
show that the barrier to amine-borane dehydrogenation is lower (22.5
kcal/mol) for the cationic system compared with the neutral system
(24.3 kcal/mol). The calculations show that the dehydrogenation proceeds
via an inner-sphere process without metal–ligand cooperativity,
and this is supported experimentally by N–Me substituted [Ir(iPr-PNMeP)(H)2(H3B·NMe3)][BArF4] being
an active catalyst. Key to the lower barrier calculated for the cationic
system is the outer-sphere coordination of an additional H3B·NMeH2 with the N–H group of the ligand.
Experimentally, kinetic studies indicate a complex reaction manifold
that shows pronounced deceleratory temporal profiles. As supported
by speciation and DFT studies, a key observation is that deprotonation
of [Ir(iPr-NHP)(H)2(H2)][BArF4], formed upon amine-borane
dehydrogenation, by the slow in situ formation of NMeH2 (via B–N bond cleavage), results in the formation of essentially
inactive Ir(iPr-PNHP)H3, with a coproduct of [NMeH3]+/[H2B(NMeH2)2]+. While reprotonation
of Ir(iPr-PNHP)H3 results in a return to the cationic cycle, it is proposed, supported
by doping experiments, that reprotonation is attenuated by entrainment
of the [NMeH3]+/[H2B(NMeH2)2]+/catalyst in insoluble polyaminoborane.
The role of [NMeH3]+/[H2B(NMeH2)]+ as chain control agents is also noted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lia Sotorrios
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Timothy M. Boyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Stuart A. Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
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5
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Brodie CN, Boyd TM, Sotorríos L, Ryan DE, Magee E, Huband S, Town JS, Lloyd-Jones GC, Haddleton DM, Macgregor SA, Weller AS. Controlled Synthesis of Well-Defined Polyaminoboranes on Scale Using a Robust and Efficient Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21010-21023. [PMID: 34846131 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The air tolerant precatalyst, [Rh(L)(NBD)]Cl ([1]Cl) [L = κ3-(iPr2PCH2CH2)2NH, NBD = norbornadiene], mediates the selective synthesis of N-methylpolyaminoborane, (H2BNMeH)n, by dehydropolymerization of H3B·NMeH2. Kinetic, speciation, and DFT studies show an induction period in which the active catalyst, Rh(L)H3 (3), forms, which sits as an outer-sphere adduct 3·H3BNMeH2 as the resting state. At the end of catalysis, dormant Rh(L)H2Cl (2) is formed. Reaction of 2 with H3B·NMeH2 returns 3, alongside the proposed formation of boronium [H2B(NMeH2)2]Cl. Aided by isotopic labeling, Eyring analysis, and DFT calculations, a mechanism is proposed in which the cooperative "PNHP" ligand templates dehydrogenation, releasing H2B═NMeH (ΔG‡calc = 19.6 kcal mol-1). H2B═NMeH is proposed to undergo rapid, low barrier, head-to-tail chain propagation for which 3 is the catalyst/initiator. A high molecular weight polymer is formed that is relatively insensitive to catalyst loading (Mn ∼71 000 g mol-1; Đ, of ∼ 1.6). The molecular weight can be controlled using [H2B(NMe2H)2]Cl as a chain transfer agent, Mn = 37 900-78 100 g mol-1. This polymerization is suggested to arise from an ensemble of processes (catalyst speciation, dehydrogenation, propagation, chain transfer) that are geared around the concentration of H3B·NMeH2. TGA and DSC thermal analysis of polymer produced on scale (10 g, 0.01 mol % [1]Cl) show a processing window that allows for melt extrusion of polyaminoborane strands, as well as hot pressing, drop casting, and electrospray deposition. By variation of conditions in the latter, smooth or porous microstructured films or spherical polyaminoboranes beads (∼100 nm) result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire N Brodie
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO31 1ES, U.K
| | - Timothy M Boyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO31 1ES, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Lia Sotorríos
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - David E Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO31 1ES, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Eimear Magee
- International Institute for Nanocomposites Manufacturing, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Steven Huband
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - James S Town
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Guy C Lloyd-Jones
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, Scotland, U.K
| | - David M Haddleton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Stuart A Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Andrew S Weller
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO31 1ES, U.K
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6
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Kumar A, Daw P, Milstein D. Homogeneous Catalysis for Sustainable Energy: Hydrogen and Methanol Economies, Fuels from Biomass, and Related Topics. Chem Rev 2021; 122:385-441. [PMID: 34727501 PMCID: PMC8759071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
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As the world pledges
to significantly cut carbon emissions, the
demand for sustainable and clean energy has now become more important
than ever. This includes both production and storage of energy carriers,
a majority of which involve catalytic reactions. This article reviews
recent developments of homogeneous catalysts in emerging applications
of sustainable energy. The most important focus has been on hydrogen
storage as several efficient homogeneous catalysts have been reported
recently for (de)hydrogenative transformations promising to the hydrogen
economy. Another direction that has been extensively covered in this
review is that of the methanol economy. Homogeneous catalysts investigated
for the production of methanol from CO2, CO, and HCOOH
have been discussed in detail. Moreover, catalytic processes for the
production of conventional fuels (higher alkanes such as diesel, wax)
from biomass or lower alkanes have also been discussed. A section
has also been dedicated to the production of ethylene glycol from
CO and H2 using homogeneous catalysts. Well-defined transition
metal complexes, in particular, pincer complexes, have been discussed
in more detail due to their high activity and well-studied mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, U.K., KY16 9ST
| | - Prosenjit Daw
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur, Govt. ITI (transit Campus), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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7
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Roy MMD, Omaña AA, Wilson ASS, Hill MS, Aldridge S, Rivard E. Molecular Main Group Metal Hydrides. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12784-12965. [PMID: 34450005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review serves to document advances in the synthesis, versatile bonding, and reactivity of molecular main group metal hydrides within Groups 1, 2, and 12-16. Particular attention will be given to the emerging use of said hydrides in the rapidly expanding field of Main Group element-mediated catalysis. While this review is comprehensive in nature, focus will be given to research appearing in the open literature since 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M D Roy
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro A Omaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Andrew S S Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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8
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Zhou L, Zhang D, Hu J, Wu Y, Geng J, Hu X. Thermal Dehydrogenation and Hydrolysis of BH3NH3 Catalyzed by Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene Iridium Complexes under Mild Conditions. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dejin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinling Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youting Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiao Geng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingbang Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Lau S, Gasperini D, Webster RL. Amine-Boranes as Transfer Hydrogenation and Hydrogenation Reagents: A Mechanistic Perspective. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14272-14294. [PMID: 32935898 PMCID: PMC8248159 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Transfer hydrogenation (TH) has historically been dominated by Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reactions. However, with growing interest in amine-boranes, not least ammonia-borane (H3 N⋅BH3 ), as potential hydrogen storage materials, these compounds have also started to emerge as an alternative reagent in TH reactions. In this Review we discuss TH chemistry using H3 N⋅BH3 and their analogues (amine-boranes and metal amidoboranes) as sacrificial hydrogen donors. Three distinct pathways were considered: 1) classical TH, 2) nonclassical TH, and 3) hydrogenation. Simple experimental mechanistic probes can be employed to distinguish which pathway is operating and computational analysis can corroborate or discount mechanisms. We find that the pathway in operation can be perturbed by changing the temperature, solvent, amine-borane, or even the substrate used in the system, and subsequently assignment of the mechanism can become nontrivial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lau
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathUK
| | | | - Ruth L. Webster
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathUK
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10
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Lau S, Gasperini D, Webster RL. Amine–Boranes as Transfer Hydrogenation and Hydrogenation Reagents: A Mechanistic Perspective. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lau
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath UK
| | - Danila Gasperini
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath UK
| | - Ruth L. Webster
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath UK
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11
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Robinson S, Puddephatt RJ. Reactions of organoplatinum complexes with dimethylamine-borane. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj03168b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of organoplatinum complexes with dimethylamineborane are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5B7, Canada
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12
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Zhao W, Zhang Z, Feng X, Yang J, Du H. Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of N-Unprotected Indoles with Ammonia Borane. Org Lett 2020; 22:5850-5854. [PMID: 32663407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A metal-free asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of unprotected indoles was successfully realized using a catalyst derived from HB(C6F5)2 and (S)-tert-butylsulfinamide with ammonia borane as a hydrogen source. A variety of indolines were achieved in 40-78% yields with up to 90% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zijia Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiangqing Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haifeng Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Abstract
Our planet urgently needs sustainable solutions to alleviate the anthropogenic global warming and climate change. Homogeneous catalysis has the potential to play a fundamental role in this process, providing novel, efficient, and at the same time eco-friendly routes for both chemicals and energy production. In particular, pincer-type ligation shows promising properties in terms of long-term stability and selectivity, as well as allowing for mild reaction conditions and low catalyst loading. Indeed, pincer complexes have been applied to a plethora of sustainable chemical processes, such as hydrogen release, CO2 capture and conversion, N2 fixation, and biomass valorization for the synthesis of high-value chemicals and fuels. In this work, we show the main advances of the last five years in the use of pincer transition metal complexes in key catalytic processes aiming for a more sustainable chemical and energy production.
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14
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Golub IE, Filippov OA, Kulikova VA, Belkova NV, Epstein LM, Shubina ES. Thermodynamic Hydricity of Small Borane Clusters and Polyhedral closo-Boranes. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122920. [PMID: 32630429 PMCID: PMC7357072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermodynamic hydricity (HDAMeCN) determined as Gibbs free energy (ΔG°[H]−) of the H− detachment reaction in acetonitrile (MeCN) was assessed for 144 small borane clusters (up to 5 boron atoms), polyhedral closo-boranes dianions [BnHn]2−, and their lithium salts Li2[BnHn] (n = 5–17) by DFT method [M06/6-311++G(d,p)] taking into account non-specific solvent effect (SMD model). Thermodynamic hydricity values of diborane B2H6 (HDAMeCN = 82.1 kcal/mol) and its dianion [B2H6]2− (HDAMeCN = 40.9 kcal/mol for Li2[B2H6]) can be selected as border points for the range of borane clusters’ reactivity. Borane clusters with HDAMeCN below 41 kcal/mol are strong hydride donors capable of reducing CO2 (HDAMeCN = 44 kcal/mol for HCO2−), whereas those with HDAMeCN over 82 kcal/mol, predominately neutral boranes, are weak hydride donors and less prone to hydride transfer than to proton transfer (e.g., B2H6, B4H10, B5H11, etc.). The HDAMeCN values of closo-boranes are found to directly depend on the coordination number of the boron atom from which hydride detachment and stabilization of quasi-borinium cation takes place. In general, the larger the coordination number (CN) of a boron atom, the lower the value of HDAMeCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor E Golub
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds and Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), 28 Vavilova St, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg A Filippov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds and Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), 28 Vavilova St, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasilisa A Kulikova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds and Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), 28 Vavilova St, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia V Belkova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds and Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), 28 Vavilova St, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lina M Epstein
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds and Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), 28 Vavilova St, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena S Shubina
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds and Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), 28 Vavilova St, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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15
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Wirtz L, Haider W, Huch V, Zimmer M, Schäfer A. Magnesocenophane-Catalyzed Amine Borane Dehydrocoupling. Chemistry 2020; 26:6176-6184. [PMID: 32052880 PMCID: PMC7318289 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The Lewis acidities of a series of [n]magnesocenophanes (1 a–d) have been investigated computationally and found to be a function of the tilt of the cyclopentadienyl moieties. Their catalytic abilities in amine borane dehydrogenation/dehydrocoupling reactions have been probed, and C[1]magnesocenophane (1 a) has been shown to effectively catalyze the dehydrogenation/dehydrocoupling of dimethylamine borane (2 a) and diisopropylamine borane (2 b) under ambient conditions. Furthermore, the mechanism of the reaction with 2 a has been investigated experimentally and computationally, and the results imply a ligand‐assisted mechanism involving stepwise proton and hydride transfer, with dimethylaminoborane as the key intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Wirtz
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Wasim Haider
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Volker Huch
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - André Schäfer
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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16
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Two octahedral σ-borane metal (MnI and RuII) complexes containing a tripod κ3N,H,H-ligand: Synthesis, structural characterization, and theoretical topological study of the charge density. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Arz MI, Knights AW, Manners I. Synthesis and Post-Polymerization Functionalization of Halogen-Substituted Polyphosphinoboranes to Access Alkyne-Functionalized Derivatives. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 41:e1900468. [PMID: 31880037 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic dehydropolymerization of halogen-functionalized phosphine-boranes (4-X-C6 H4 )PH2 ⋅BH3 (1a: X = Br, 1b: X = I) with [CpFe(CO)2 (OTf)] at 100 °C provides convenient access to halogen-functionalized polyphosphinoboranes [(4-X-C6 H4 )PH-BH2 ]n (2a: X = Br, 2b: X = I). These polymers are useful precursors for post-polymerization functionalization, which is demonstrated by Sonogashira coupling under mild conditions to yield the alkynyl-functionalized polyphosphinoborane [(4-PhCC-C6 H4 )PH-BH2 ]n (3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius I Arz
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Alastair W Knights
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.,Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8P 5C2, Canada
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18
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Alvarez MA, García ME, García-Vivó D, Huergo E, Ruiz MA. Coordination and Dehydrogenation of Diphosphine-Borane Ph 2PCH 2PPh 2·BH 3 at a Heterometallic MoRe Center to Give an Agostic Boryl-Bridged Derivative. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16134-16143. [PMID: 31713414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of the title diphosphine-borane adduct at heterometallic MoRe centers was examined through its reactions with the hydride complex [MoReCp(μ-H)(μ-PCy2)(CO)5(NCMe)] (Cp = η5-C5H5). The latter reacted rapidly with stoichiometric amounts of dppm·BH3 (dppm = Ph2PCH2PPh2) in refluxing toluene solution, with displacement of the nitrile ligand, to give [MoReCp(μ-H)(μ-PCy2)(CO)5(κ1P-dppm·BH3)], with a P-bound diphosphine-borane ligand arranged trans to the PCy2 group. Decarbonylation of the latter complex was accomplished rapidly upon irradiation with visible-UV light in toluene solution at 263 K, to give the agostic derivative [MoReCp(μ-H)(μ-PCy2)(CO)4(κ1P,η2-dppm·BH3)] as major product (Mo-Re = 3.2075(5) Å), along with small amounts of the diphosphine-bridged complex [MoReCp(μ-H)(μ-PCy2)(CO)4(μ-dppm)]. Extended photolysis of the agostic complex at 288 K promoted an unprecedented dehydrogenation process involving the borane group and the hydride ligand, to give the diphosphine-boryl complex [MoReCp(μ-η2:κ2P,B-H2B·dppm)(μ-PCy2)(CO)4] (Mo-Re = 3.075(1) Å). The latter displayed a boryl ligand in a novel bridging coordination mode, it being σ-bound to one of the metal atoms (B-Re = 2.38(2) Å) while interacting with the second metal atom via a strong side-on tricentric B-H-M interaction (B-Mo = 2.31(1); H-Mo = 1.9(1) Å). The overall dehydrogenation process was endergonic by 43 kJ/mol, according to density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angeles Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM , Universidad de Oviedo , E-33071 Oviedo , Spain
| | - M Esther García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM , Universidad de Oviedo , E-33071 Oviedo , Spain
| | - Daniel García-Vivó
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM , Universidad de Oviedo , E-33071 Oviedo , Spain
| | - Estefanía Huergo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM , Universidad de Oviedo , E-33071 Oviedo , Spain
| | - Miguel A Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica/IUQOEM , Universidad de Oviedo , E-33071 Oviedo , Spain
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19
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Spearing-Ewyn EAK, Beattie NA, Colebatch AL, Martinez-Martinez AJ, Docker A, Boyd TM, Baillie G, Reed R, Macgregor SA, Weller AS. The role of neutral Rh(PONOP)H, free NMe 2H, boronium and ammonium salts in the dehydrocoupling of dimethylamine-borane using the cationic pincer [Rh(PONOP)(η 2-H 2)] + catalyst. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14724-14736. [PMID: 31538996 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03358k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The σ-amine-borane pincer complex [Rh(PONOP)(η1-H3B·NMe3)][BArF4] [2, PONOP = κ3-NC5H3-2,6-(OPtBu2)2] is prepared by addition of H3B·NMe3 to the dihydrogen precursor [Rh(PONOP)(η2-H2)][BArF4], 1. In a similar way the related H3B·NMe2H complex [Rh(PONOP)(η1-H3B·NMe2H)][BArF4], 3, can be made in situ, but this undergoes dehydrocoupling to reform 1 and give the aminoborane dimer [H2BNMe2]2. NMR studies on this system reveal an intermediate neutral hydride forms, Rh(PONOP)H, 4, that has been prepared independently. 1 is a competent catalyst (2 mol%, ∼30 min) for the dehydrocoupling of H3B·Me2H. Kinetic, mechanistic and computational studies point to the role of NMe2H in both forming the neutral hydride, via deprotonation of a σ-amine-borane complex and formation of aminoborane, and closing the catalytic cycle by reprotonation of the hydride by the thus-formed dimethyl ammonium [NMe2H2]+. Competitive processes involving the generation of boronium [H2B(NMe2H)2]+ are also discussed, but shown to be higher in energy. Off-cycle adducts between [NMe2H2]+ or [H2B(NMe2H)2]+ and amine-boranes are also discussed that act to modify the kinetics of dehydrocoupling.
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20
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Le Coz E, Kahlal S, Saillard J, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Carpentier J, Sarazin Y. Barium Siloxides and Catalysed Formation of Si−O−Si' Motifs. Chemistry 2019; 25:13509-13513. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erwann Le Coz
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Samia Kahlal
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Jean‐Yves Saillard
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | | | - Yann Sarazin
- Univ RennesCNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
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21
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Xu P, Xu X. Dehydrogenation of (Di)amine–Boranes by Highly Active Scandocene Alkyl Catalysts. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Gille AL, Hammer SE, Lafferty JM, Lawson KR, Gustafson JR, Dutmer BC, Gilbert TM. Computational studies of ene reactions between aminoborane (F 3C) 2B[double bond, length as m-dash]N(CH 3) 2 and substituted propenes: additive effects on barriers and reaction energies. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:8161-8174. [PMID: 31080971 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01333d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Systematic computational studies of concerted pericyclic ene-type reactions between aminoborane (F3C)2B[double bond, length as m-dash]N(CH3)2, 1, and substituted propenes (R1a)(R1e)C[double bond, length as m-dash]C(R2)-C(R3a)(R3e)H (R = Me, CF3, F; a = axial position in transition state, e = equatorial position in transition state) show that in all cases but one the reactions are exothermic. The reactions proceed through six-membered cyclic envelope-like transition states except in the case of 1 + C3H(CF3)5. The data allow isolation of substitutional effects on barrier heights; the effects appear to be additive in all cases. Substitution at positions 1a, 1e, and 3a increases barriers, while substitution at positions 2 and 3e has variable impacts. The former observation is ascribed to steric crowding in the transition states, and is particularly prevalent for substitution at positions 1a and 1e. Substitution at position 2 lowers barriers for R = Me, F, possibly due to electronic demands, while raising them for R = CF3 because of 1,3-diaxial repulsions between boron- and carbon-bound CF3 groups. Substitution at position 3e has little impact on the barriers for R = Me, CF3, but significantly raises them for R = F. This seems to arise from charge effects on the position of the transition states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin L Gille
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA.
| | - Staci E Hammer
- Department of Chemistry, Highland Community College, Freeport, Illinois 61032, USA
| | - Jenna M Lafferty
- Department of Chemistry, Highland Community College, Freeport, Illinois 61032, USA
| | - Keaton R Lawson
- Department of Chemistry, Highland Community College, Freeport, Illinois 61032, USA
| | - James R Gustafson
- Department of Chemistry, Highland Community College, Freeport, Illinois 61032, USA
| | - Brendan C Dutmer
- Department of Chemistry, Highland Community College, Freeport, Illinois 61032, USA
| | - Thomas M Gilbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA.
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23
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Del Horno E, Jover J, Mena M, Pérez-Redondo A, Yélamos C. Ammonia-Borane Derived BN Fragments Trapped on Bi- and Trimetallic Titanium(III) Systems. Chemistry 2019; 25:7096-7100. [PMID: 30866106 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Titanium(III) complexes containing unprecedented (NH2 BH2 NHBH3 )2- and {N(BH3 )3 }3- ligands have been isolated, and their structures elucidated by a combination of experimental and theoretical methods. The treatment of the trimethyl derivative [TiCp*Me3 ] (Cp*=η5 -C5 Me5 ) with NH3 BH3 (3 equiv) at room temperature gives the paramagnetic dinuclear complex [{TiCp*(NH2 BH3 )}2 (μ-NH2 BH2 NHBH3 )], which at 80 °C leads to the trinuclear hydride derivative [{TiCp*(μ-H)}3 {μ3 -N(BH3 )3 }]. The bonding modes of the anionic BN fragments in those complexes, as well as the dimethylaminoborane group trapped on the analogous trinuclear [{TiCp*(μ-H)}3 (μ3 -H)(μ3 -NMe2 BH2 )], have been studied by X-ray crystallography and density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Del Horno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá, de Henares-Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Jover
- Department de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTC-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Mena
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá, de Henares-Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Pérez-Redondo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá, de Henares-Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Yélamos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá, de Henares-Madrid, Spain
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24
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Zhao W, Feng X, Yang J, Du H. Asymmetric transfer hydrogenations of β-N-substituted enamino esters with ammonia borane. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Oldroyd NL, Chitnis SS, Annibale VT, Arz MI, Sparkes HA, Manners I. Metal-free dehydropolymerisation of phosphine-boranes using cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes as hydrogen acceptors. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1370. [PMID: 30914640 PMCID: PMC6435733 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08967-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The divalent carbene carbon centre in cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbenes (CAACs) is known to exhibit transition-metal-like insertion into E-H σ-bonds (E = H, N, Si, B, P, C, O) with formation of new, strong C-E and C-H bonds. Although subsequent transformations of the products represent an attractive strategy for metal-free synthesis, few examples have been reported. Herein we describe the dehydrogenation of phosphine-boranes, RR'PH·BH3, using a CAAC, which behaves as a stoichiometric hydrogen acceptor to release monomeric phosphinoboranes, [RR'PBH2], under mild conditions. The latter species are transient intermediates that either polymerise to the corresponding polyphosphinoboranes, [RR'PBH2]n (R = Ph; R' = H, Ph or Et), or are trapped in the form of CAAC-phosphinoborane adducts, CAAC·H2BPRR' (R = R' = tBu; R = R' = Mes). In contrast to previously established methods such as transition metal-catalysed dehydrocoupling, which only yield P-monosubstituted polymers, [RHPBH2]n, the CAAC-mediated route also provides access to P-disubstituted polymers, [RR'PBH2]n (R = Ph; R' = Ph or Et).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola L Oldroyd
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Saurabh S Chitnis
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Vincent T Annibale
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Marius I Arz
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Hazel A Sparkes
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3V6, Canada.
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26
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Helten H. Doping the Backbone of π‐Conjugated Polymers with Tricoordinate Boron: Synthetic Strategies and Emerging Applications. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:919-935. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holger Helten
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
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27
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Application of direct analysis in real time to the study of chemical vapor generation mechanisms: identification of intermediate hydrolysis products of amine-boranes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1569-1578. [PMID: 30687887 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In order to elucidate controversial results emerging in chemical vapor generation (CVG) for trace element determination, we conducted a series of experiments devoted to the identification of intermediates formed by acid hydrolysis of amine-boranes. For the first time, direct analysis in real time coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (DART-Orbitrap) was applied for detection of this class of compounds. Mass spectra of both solid amine-boranes and their aqueous solutions (pH ~ 8, no hydrolysis) were acquired for understanding their ionization pathway. Mass spectra of aqueous solutions of t-BuNH2·BH3 and Me2NH·BH3 were acquired under conditions that are employed in CVG (0.017-4.0 mol L-1 HCl, 0.167-0.2 mol L-1 borane reagent). The results disclose a reactivity driven by pH of amine-boranes undergoing hydrolysis. At low acidity, the hydrolysis proceeds according to the currently accepted displacement mechanisms (i.e., R3N·BH3 + H3O+ → R3NH+ + H2OBH3). At higher acidity, N-tert-butyl, cyclotriborazane, and bis(dimethylamino)boronium were identified, for the first time, during the hydrolysis of t-BuNH2·BH3 and Me2NH·BH3, respectively. Formation of these intermediates was ascribed to a hydrolysis pathway starting with the ionization of the amine-borane, (i.e., R3N·BH3 + H3O+ → [(H2O)R3NBH2] + + H2). The new evidence explains the anomalous behavior observed in CVG by amine-borane derivatization, and updates the currently accepted mechanisms for the acid hydrolysis of amine-boranes. Graphical Abstract.
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28
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Trose M, Reiß M, Reiß F, Anke F, Spannenberg A, Boye S, Lederer A, Arndt P, Beweries T. Dehydropolymerisation of methylamine borane using a dinuclear 1,3-allenediyl bridged zirconocene complex. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12858-12862. [PMID: 30156242 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03311k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dinuclear zirconocene chloride complex 1 is a highly active precatalyst for the dehydropolymerisation of methylamine borane. Comparison with mononuclear Zr chlorides and related dinuclear complexes suggests that the nature of the bridging motif is essential for the unique reactivity of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trose
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - M Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - F Reiß
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - F Anke
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - A Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - S Boye
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Lederer
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany and Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - P Arndt
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - T Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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29
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Turner J, Chilton NF, Kumar A, Colebatch AL, Whittell GR, Sparkes HA, Weller AS, Manners I. Iron Precatalysts with Bulky Tri(tert-butyl)cyclopentadienyl Ligands for the Dehydrocoupling of Dimethylamine-Borane. Chemistry 2018; 24:14127-14136. [PMID: 29573487 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to prepare new Fe catalysts for the dehydrocoupling of amine-boranes and to provide mechanistic insight, the paramagnetic FeII dimeric complex [Cp'FeI]2 (1) (Cp'=η5 -((1,2,4-tBu)3 C5 H2 )) was used as a precursor to a series of cyclopentadienyl FeII and FeIII mononuclear species. The complexes prepared were [Cp'Fe(η6 -Tol)][Cp'FeI2 ] (2) (Tol=C6 H5 Me), [Cp'Fe(η6 -Tol)][BArF4 ] (3) (BArF4 =[B(C6 H3 (m-CF3 )2 )4 ]- ), [N(nBu)4 ][Cp'FeI2 ] (4), Cp'FeI2 (5), and [Cp'Fe(MeCN)3 ][BArF4 ] (6). The electronic structure of the [Cp'FeI2 ]- anion in 2 and 4 was investigated by SQUID magnetometry, EPR spectroscopy and ab initio Complete Active Space Self Consistent Field-Spin Orbit (CASSCF-SO) calculations, and the studies revealed a strongly anisotropic S=2 ground state. Complexes 1-6 were investigated as catalysts for the dehydrocoupling of Me2 NH⋅BH3 (I) in THF at 20 °C to yield the cyclodiborazane product [Me2 N-BH2 ]2 (IV). Complexes 1-4 and 6 were active dehydrocoupling catalysts towards I (5 mol % loading), however 5 was inactive, and ultra-violet (UV) irradiation was required for the reaction mediated by 3. Complex 6 was found to be the most active precatalyst, reaching 80 % conversion to IV after 19 h at 22 °C. Dehydrocoupling of I by 1-4 proceeded via formation of the aminoborane Me2 N=BH2 (II) as the major intermediate, whereas for 6 the linear diborazane Me2 NH-BH2 -NMe2 -BH3 (III) could be detected, together with trace amounts of II. Reactions of 1 and 6 with Me3 N⋅BH3 were investigated in an attempt to identify Fe-based intermediates in the catalytic reactions. The σ-complex [Cp'Fe(MeCN)(κ2 -H2 BH⋅NMe2 H][BArF4 ] was proposed to initially form in dehydrocoupling reactions involving 6 based on ESI-MS (ESI=Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectroscopy) and NMR spectroscopic evidence. The latter also suggests that these complexes function as precursors to iron hydrides which may be the true catalytic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | | | - George R Whittell
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Hazel A Sparkes
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Andrew S Weller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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30
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Boudjelel M, Sosa Carrizo ED, Mallet−Ladeira S, Massou S, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. Catalytic Dehydrogenation of (Di)Amine-Boranes with a Geometrically Constrained Phosphine-Borane Lewis Pair. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Boudjelel
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 CEDEX 09 Toulouse, France
| | - E. Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 CEDEX 09 Pau, France
| | - Sonia Mallet−Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 CEDEX 09 Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Massou
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 CEDEX 09 Toulouse, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254), Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 CEDEX 09 Pau, France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 CEDEX 09 Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 CEDEX 09 Toulouse, France
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31
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Badding C, Soucy TL, Mondschein JS, Schaak RE. Metal Ruthenate Perovskites as Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Hydrolysis of Ammonia Borane. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:3501-3506. [PMID: 31458600 PMCID: PMC6641281 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b02003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia borane (NH3-BH3) is of interest as a hydrogen storage material because of its ease of use and its ability to release three molar equivalents of H2(g) via catalytic hydrolysis. Most heterogeneous catalysts for ammonia borane hydrolysis are nanoparticles containing expensive noble metals. Here, we show that metal ruthenate perovskites function as active and durable catalysts for ammonia borane hydrolysis. As a bulk powder, CaRuO3 catalyzes the hydrolysis of ammonia borane at room temperature and is recyclable and reusable. CaRuO3 facilitates the release of H2(g) from aqueous ammonia borane solutions at comparable rates to some other heterogeneous catalyst systems while having a low noble metal content. Other ruthenium-based perovskites, including SrRuO3, Ca2LaRuO6, Sr2CoRuO6, and SrLaCoRuO6, are similarly active catalysts for room-temperature ammonia borane hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jared S. Mondschein
- Department of Chemistry and Materials
Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Raymond E. Schaak
- Department of Chemistry and Materials
Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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32
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Pal S, Kusumoto S, Nozaki K. Dehydrogenation of Dimethylamine–Borane Catalyzed by Half-Sandwich Ir and Rh Complexes: Mechanism and the Role of Cp* Noninnocence. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shrinwantu Pal
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kusumoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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33
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Jurca T, Dellermann T, Stubbs NE, Resendiz-Lara DA, Whittell GR, Manners I. Step-growth titanium-catalysed dehydropolymerisation of amine-boranes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3360-3366. [PMID: 29780466 PMCID: PMC5933219 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05395a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Precatalysts active for the dehydropolymerisation of primary amine-boranes are generally based on mid or late transition metal. We have found that the activity of the precatalyst system formed from CpR2TiCl2 and 2nBuLi towards the dehydrogenation of the secondary amine-borane Me2NH·BH3, to yield the cyclic diborazane [Me2N-BH2]2, increases dramatically with increasing electron-donating character of the cyclopentadienyl rings (CpR). Application of the most active precatalyst system (CpR = η-C5Me5) to the primary amine-borane MeNH2·BH3 enabled the first synthesis of high molar mass poly(N-methylaminoborane), [MeNH-BH2] n , the BN analogue of polypropylene, by an early transition metal such as catalyst. Significantly, unlike other dehydropolymerization precatalysts for MeNH2·BH3 such as [Ir(POCOP)H2], skeletal nickel, and [Rh(COD)Cl]2, the Ti precatalyst system was also active towards a range of substrates including BzNH2·BH3 (Bz = benzyl) yielding high molar mass polymer. Moreover, in contrast to the late transition metal catalysed dehydropolymerisation of MeNH2·BH3 and also the Ziegler-Natta polymerisation of olefins, studies indicate that the Ti-catalyzed dehydropolymerization reactions proceed by a step-growth rather than a chain-growth mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titel Jurca
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - Theresa Dellermann
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - Naomi E Stubbs
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - Diego A Resendiz-Lara
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - George R Whittell
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Cantock's Close , Bristol BS8 1TS , UK .
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34
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Paul USD, Braunschweig H, Radius U. Iridium-catalysed dehydrocoupling of aryl phosphine-borane adducts: synthesis and characterisation of high molecular weight poly(phosphinoboranes). Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:8573-6. [PMID: 27320239 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The thermal dehydrogenative coupling of aryl phosphine-borane adducts with iridium complexes bearing a bis(phosphinite) pincer ligand is reported. This catalysis produces high molecular weight poly(phosphinoboranes) [ArPH-BH2]n (Ar = Ph, (p)Tol, Mes). Furthermore, we investigated the reactivity of these pincer complexes towards primary phosphines and their respective borane adducts on a stoichiometric scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula S D Paul
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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35
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Roselló-Merino M, Rama RJ, Díez J, Conejero S. Catalytic dehydrocoupling of amine-boranes and amines into diaminoboranes: isolation of a Pt(ii), Shimoi-type, η(1)-BH complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:8389-92. [PMID: 27297877 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc02720b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The platinum complex [Pt(I(t)Bu')(I(t)Bu)][BAr(F)] is a very efficient catalyst in the synthesis of diaminoboranes through dehydrocoupling of amine-boranes and amines. Shimoi-type, η(1)-BH complexes are key intermediates in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Roselló-Merino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Raquel J Rama
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Josefina Díez
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis (Unidad asociada al CSIC), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Salvador Conejero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
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36
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Adams GM, Colebatch AL, Skornia JT, McKay AI, Johnson HC, Lloyd−Jones GC, Macgregor SA, Beattie NA, Weller AS. Dehydropolymerization of H3B·NMeH2 To Form Polyaminoboranes Using [Rh(Xantphos-alkyl)] Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1481-1495. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma M. Adams
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Annie L. Colebatch
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph T. Skornia
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair I. McKay
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Heather C. Johnson
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Guy C. Lloyd−Jones
- School
of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A. Macgregor
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas A. Beattie
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S. Weller
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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37
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De Albuquerque Pinheiro CA, Roiland C, Jehan P, Alcaraz G. Solventless and Metal-Free Synthesis of High-Molecular-Mass Polyaminoboranes from Diisopropylaminoborane and Primary Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1519-1522. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Roiland
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), UMR-CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Philippe Jehan
- ScanMAT-CRMPO, UMS-CNRS 2001; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Gilles Alcaraz
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), UMR-CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
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38
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De Albuquerque Pinheiro CA, Roiland C, Jehan P, Alcaraz G. Solventless and Metal-Free Synthesis of High-Molecular-Mass Polyaminoboranes from Diisopropylaminoborane and Primary Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Roiland
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), UMR-CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Philippe Jehan
- ScanMAT-CRMPO, UMS-CNRS 2001; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
| | - Gilles Alcaraz
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), UMR-CNRS 6226; Université de Rennes 1; 263 avenue du Général Leclerc 35042 Rennes cedex France
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39
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Ríos P, Roselló-Merino M, Rivada-Wheelaghan O, Borge J, López-Serrano J, Conejero S. Selective catalytic synthesis of amino-silanes at part-per million catalyst loadings. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:619-622. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08530c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Platinum(ii) complex [Pt(ItBu′)(ItBu)][BArF4] (1a) is a highly active and selective catalyst in the dehydrocoupling of amines and silanes at part-per-million catalyst loadings (up to 10 ppm, 0.001 mol%), achieving the highest TON and TOF numbers reported in the literature (up to 1 mmol scale).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla
- 41092 Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Marta Roselló-Merino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla
- 41092 Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Orestes Rivada-Wheelaghan
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla
- 41092 Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Javier Borge
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Oviedo
- Oviedo
- Spain
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla
- 41092 Sevilla
- Spain
| | - Salvador Conejero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla
- 41092 Sevilla
- Spain
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40
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Taylor LJ, Bühl M, Chalmers BA, Ray MJ, Wawrzyniak P, Walton JC, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Woollins JD, Kilian P. Dealkanative Main Group Couplings across the peri-Gap. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18545-18551. [PMID: 29191021 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we highlight the ability of peri-substitution chemistry to promote a series of unique P-P/P-As coupling reactions, which proceed with concomitant C-H bond formation. This dealkanative reactivity represents an interesting and unexpected expansion to the established family of main-group dehydrocoupling reactions. These transformations are exceptionally clean, proceeding essentially quantitatively at relatively low temperatures (70-140 °C), with 100% diastereoselectivity in the products. The reaction appears to be radical in nature, with the addition of small quantities of a radical initiator (azobis(isobutyronitrile)) increasing the rate dramatically, as well as altering the apparent order of reaction. DFT calculations suggest that the reaction involves dissociation of a phosphorus centered radical (stabilized by the peri-backbone) to the P-P coupled product and a free propyl radical, which carries the chain. This unusual reaction demonstrates the powerful effect that geometric constraints, in this case a rigid scaffold, can have on the reactivity of main group species, an area of research that is gaining increasing prominence in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence J Taylor
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Michael Bühl
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Brian A Chalmers
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Matthew J Ray
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Piotr Wawrzyniak
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - John C Walton
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - David B Cordes
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - J Derek Woollins
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Petr Kilian
- University of St Andrews , School of Chemistry, Purdie Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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41
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Marquardt C, Hegen O, Vogel A, Stauber A, Bodensteiner M, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Depolymerization of Poly(phosphinoboranes): From Polymers to Lewis Base Stabilized Monomers. Chemistry 2017; 24:360-363. [PMID: 29166549 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on depolymerization reactions of poly(phosphinoboranes). The cleavage of the polymers [H2 PBH2 ]n (2 a), [tBuHPBH2 ]n (2 c), [PhHPBH2 ]n (2 e) and the oligomer [Ph2 PBH2 ]n (2 b), with strong Lewis bases (LBs), in particular with NHCs, leads to the corresponding monomeric phosphanylboranes R1 R2 PBH2 LB. It is observed that the depolymerization depends on the strength and stability of the LBs as well as on the substitution pattern of the poly(phosphinoboranes). The solid state structures of the monomeric phosphinoboranes H2 PBH2 NHCMe (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) (4 a), H2 PBH2 NHCdipp (5 a) and tBuHPBH2 NHCMe (4 c) were determined. DFT calculations support the experimentally observed reaction behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Marquardt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hegen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ariane Vogel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Stauber
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Bodensteiner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexey Y Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Universitetskaya emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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42
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McLellan R, Kennedy AR, Mulvey RE, Orr SA, Robertson SD. 1-Alkali-metal-2-alkyl-1,2-dihydropyridines: Soluble Hydride Surrogates for Catalytic Dehydrogenative Coupling and Hydroboration Applications. Chemistry 2017; 23:16853-16861. [PMID: 28940713 PMCID: PMC5820744 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Equipped with excellent hydrocarbon solubility, the lithium hydride surrogate 1-lithium-2-tert-butyl-1,2-dihydropyridine (1tLi) functions as a precatalyst to convert Me2 NH⋅BH3 to [NMe2 BH2 ]2 (89 % conversion) under competitive conditions (2.5 mol %, 60 h, 80 °C, toluene solvent) to that of previously reported LiN(SiMe3 )2 . Sodium and potassium dihydropyridine congeners produce similar high yields of [NMe2 BH2 ]2 but require longer times. Switching the solvent to pyridine induces a remarkable change in the dehydrocoupling product ratio, with (NMe2 )2 BH favoured over [NMe2 BH2 ]2 (e.g., 94 %:2 % for 1tLi). Demonstrating its versatility, precatalyst 1tLi was also successful in promoting hydroboration reactions between pinacolborane and a selection of aldehydes and ketones. Most reactions gave near quantitative conversion to the hydroborated products in 15 minutes, though sterically demanding carbonyl substrates require longer times. The mechanisms of these rare examples of Group 1 metal-catalysed processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross McLellan
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Samantha A. Orr
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Stuart D. Robertson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
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43
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Zhu J, Zins EL, Alikhani ME. Toward a quantitative evaluation of the strength of Cp2M···η
2–borate interactions. Theor Chem Acc 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-017-2164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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44
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Greño M, Horno ED, Mena M, Pérez-Redondo A, Varela-Izquierdo V, Yélamos C. Group 4 Half-Sandwich Tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) Complexes: Thermal Decomposition and Reactivity with N,N-Dimethylamine-Borane. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:11220-11229. [PMID: 28849636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The thermal decomposition of group 4 trimethylsilylmethyl derivatives [M(η5-C5Me5)(CH2SiMe3)3] (M = Ti (1), Zr (2), Hf (3)) in solution and their reactivity with N,N-dimethylamine-borane were investigated. Heating of hydrocarbon solutions of compounds 2 and 3 at 130-200 °C results in the elimination of SiMe4 and the clean formation of the singular alkylidene-alkylidyne zirconium and hafnium compounds [{M(η5-C5Me5)}3{(μ-CH)3SiMe}(μ3-CSiMe3)] (M = Zr (4), Hf (5)). The reaction of 2 and 3 with NHMe2BH3 (≥1 equiv) at room temperature affords the dialkyl(dimethylamidoborane) complexes [M(η5-C5Me5)(CH2SiMe3)2(NMe2BH3)] (M = Zr (6), Hf (7)). Compounds 6 and 7 are unstable in solution and decompose with formation of the alkyl(dimethylamino)borane [B(CH2SiMe3)H(NMe2)] (8), SiMe4, and other minor byproducts, including the tetranuclear zirconium(III) octahydride complex [{Zr(η5-C5Me5)}4(μ-H)8] (9) in the decomposition of 6. Addition of NHMe2BH3 to the titanium tris(trimethylsilylmethyl) derivative 1 gives the trinuclear mixed valence Ti(II)/Ti(III) tetrahydride complex [{Ti(η5-C5Me5)(μ-H)}3(μ3-H)(μ3-NMe2BH2)] (10) at 45-65 °C. While the complete conversion of 1 under argon atmosphere requires excess NHMe2BH3 (up to 15 equiv), complex 10 is readily prepared with 3 equiv of NHMe2BH3 under a hydrogen atmosphere indicating that the formation of 10 involves hydrogenolysis of 1 in the presence of (NMe2BH2)2. In absence of amine-borane, the reaction of 1 with H2 leads to the tetranuclear titanium(III) octahydride [{Ti(η5-C5Me5)}4(μ-H)8] (11), which upon addition of NHMe2BH3 and subsequent heating at 65 °C affords complex 10. The X-ray crystal structures of 2, 4, 5, 10, and 11 were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maider Greño
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , 28805 Alcalá de Henares-Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Del Horno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , 28805 Alcalá de Henares-Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Mena
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , 28805 Alcalá de Henares-Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Pérez-Redondo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , 28805 Alcalá de Henares-Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Varela-Izquierdo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , 28805 Alcalá de Henares-Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Yélamos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , 28805 Alcalá de Henares-Madrid, Spain
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45
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Kawano Y, Shimoi M. H/D scrambling in a chromium-catalyzed dehydrocoupling reaction of a borane-dimethylamine adduct. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:11950-11955. [PMID: 28853467 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02345f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
H/D scrambling took place in a chromium-catalyzed dehydrocoupling reaction of a deuterium-labeled borane-dimethylamine adduct. In the hydrogen elimination of BH3·NDMe2 (1a-dN), H2, HD and D2 were generated in 65 : 30 : 5 ratio, and 62% of deuterium atoms were incorporated into the major product, the dimethylaminoborane dimer. Proton and deuteron nuclei were thus concentrated into the evolved dihydrogen and aminoborane dimer, respectively. The mechanism of H/D scrambling is understood based on the reaction pathway of the dehydrocoupling of 1a, which was previously proposed based on DFT calculations. The H/D distribution in the products is explained by the energy difference according to the deuterated position in an intermediate of the dehydrocoupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Kawano
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
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46
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Bhunya S, Paul A. Designing an Effective Metal-Free Lewis Acid Catalyst for Ammonia-Borane Dehydrogenation: A DFT Investigation on Triarylboranes. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Bhunya
- Raman Centre for Atomic, Molecular and Optical Sciences; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; Jadavpur Kolkata- 32 India
| | - Ankan Paul
- Raman Centre for Atomic, Molecular and Optical Sciences; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; Jadavpur Kolkata- 32 India
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47
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Hegen O, Marquardt C, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. A Convenient Route to Mixed Pnictogenylboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12783-12787. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hegen
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Christian Marquardt
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Germany
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48
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Hegen O, Marquardt C, Timoshkin AY, Scheer M. Ein Weg zu gemischten Pnictogenylboranen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hegen
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Christian Marquardt
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Alexey Y. Timoshkin
- Institute of Chemistry St. Petersburg State University Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russland
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Universität Regensburg Institut für Anorganische Chemie 93040 Regensburg Deutschland
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49
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Mellino S, Stevenson LC, Clot E, Mountford P. Reactions of Titanium Imides and Hydrazides with Boranes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Mellino
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Laura C. Stevenson
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Eric Clot
- Institut
Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, cc 1501, Place Eugéne Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Philip Mountford
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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50
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Kawano Y, Asaka Y, Shimoi M. Synthesis of Bidentate σ-Borane–Ruthenium Complexes [Cp*Ru(P iPr 3)(η 2-BH 3·L)] + (L = Amines or Phosphines): Structures, Properties, and Reactivities. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Kawano
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902
| | - Yoshiki Asaka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902
| | - Mamoru Shimoi
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902
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