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Allen-Coyle TJ, Roca BC, Costello A, Barron N, Keenan J, Clynes M, O’Neill F, O’Sullivan F. miRNA- and Cell Line-Specific Constraints on Precursor miRNA Processing of Stably Transfected Pancreatic Cancer and Other Mammalian Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5666. [PMID: 38891854 PMCID: PMC11172344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate approximately one-third of all human genes. The dysregulation of miRNAs has been implicated in the development of numerous human diseases, including cancers. In our investigation focusing on altering specific miRNA expression in human pancreatic cancer cells, we encountered an interesting finding. While two expression vector designs effectively enhanced miR-708 levels, they were unable to elevate mature forms of miR-29b, -1290, -2467, and -6831 in pancreatic cancer cell lines. This finding was also observed in a panel of other non-pancreatic cancer cell lines, suggesting that miRNA processing efficiency was cell line specific. Using a step-by-step approach in each step of miRNA processing, we ruled out alternative strand selection by the RISC complex and transcriptional interference at the primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) level. DROSHA processing and pri-miRNA export from the nucleus also appeared to be occurring normally. We observed precursor (pre-miRNA) accumulation only in cell lines where mature miRNA expression was not achieved, suggesting that the block was occurring at the pre-miRNA stage. To further confirm this, synthetic pre-miRNA mimics that bypass DICER processing were processed into mature miRNAs in all cases. This study has demonstrated the distinct behaviours of different miRNAs with the same vector in the same cell line, the same miRNA between the two vector designs, and with the same miRNA across different cell lines. We identified a stable vector pre-miRNA processing block. Our findings on the structural and sequence differences between successful and non-successful vector designs could help to inform future chimeric miRNA design strategies and act as a guide to other researchers on the intricate processing dynamics that can impact vector efficiency. Our research confirms the potential of miRNA mimics to surmount some of these complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor J. Allen-Coyle
- The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (T.J.A.-C.); (F.O.)
- SSPC Research Group, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Berta Capella Roca
- The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (T.J.A.-C.); (F.O.)
- SSPC Research Group, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alan Costello
- SSPC Research Group, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niall Barron
- Cell Engineering Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training (NIBRT), A94 X099 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanne Keenan
- The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (T.J.A.-C.); (F.O.)
- SSPC Research Group, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Martin Clynes
- The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (T.J.A.-C.); (F.O.)
- SSPC Research Group, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona O’Neill
- The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (T.J.A.-C.); (F.O.)
- SSPC Research Group, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Finbarr O’Sullivan
- The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (T.J.A.-C.); (F.O.)
- SSPC Research Group, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Life Sciences Institute, Dublin City University, D09 E432 Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Popov A, Hrudka J, Szabó A, Oliverius M, Šubrt Z, Vránová J, Ciprová V, Moravcová J, Mandys V. Expression of Selected miRNAs in Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-like Giant Cells (UCOGC) of the Pancreas: Comparison with Poorly Differentiated Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:962. [PMID: 38790924 PMCID: PMC11117927 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) of the pancreas represents a rare subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Despite a distinct morphology and specific clinical behavior, UCOGCs exhibit unexpected similarities in regard to DNA mutational profiles with conventional PDAC. Treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is particularly challenging, with limited prospects for cure. As with many other malignant neoplasms, the exploration of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) in regulating the biological characteristics of pancreatic cancer is undergoing extensive investigation to enhance tumor diagnostics and unveil the therapeutic possibilities. Herein, we evaluated the expression of miR-21, -96, -148a, -155, -196a, -210, and -217 in UCOGCs and poorly differentiated (grade 3, G3) PDACs. The expression of miR-21, miR-155, and miR-210 in both UCOGCs and G3 PDACs was significantly upregulated compared to the levels in normal tissue, while the levels of miR-148a and miR-217 were downregulated. We did not find any significant differences between cancerous and normal tissues for the expression of miR-96 and miR-196a in G3 PDACs, whereas miR-196a was slightly, but significantly, downregulated in UCOGCs. On the other hand, we have not observed significant differences in the expression of the majority of miRNAs between UCOGC and G3 PDAC, with the exception of miR-155. UCOGC samples demonstrated lower mean levels of miR-155 in comparison with those in G3 PDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Popov
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Jan Hrudka
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Arpád Szabó
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Martin Oliverius
- Department of Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.O.); (Z.Š.)
| | - Zdeněk Šubrt
- Department of Surgery, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.O.); (Z.Š.)
| | - Jana Vránová
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Medical Informatics, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vanda Ciprová
- Institute of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Moravcová
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
- Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Mandys
- Department of Pathology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.P.); (A.S.)
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3
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Yang ZZ, Parchem RJ. The role of noncoding RNAs in pancreatic birth defects. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1785-1808. [PMID: 37066622 PMCID: PMC10579456 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Congenital defects in the pancreas can cause severe health issues such as pancreatic cancer and diabetes which require lifelong treatment. Regenerating healthy pancreatic cells to replace malfunctioning cells has been considered a promising cure for pancreatic diseases including birth defects. However, such therapies are currently unavailable in the clinic. The developmental gene regulatory network underlying pancreatic development must be reactivated for in vivo regeneration and recapitulated in vitro for cell replacement therapy. Thus, understanding the mechanisms driving pancreatic development will pave the way for regenerative therapies. Pancreatic progenitor cells are the precursors of all pancreatic cells which use epigenetic changes to control gene expression during differentiation to generate all of the distinct pancreatic cell types. Epigenetic changes involving DNA methylation and histone modifications can be controlled by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that ncRNAs are indispensable for proper organogenesis. Here, we summarize recent insight into the role of ncRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of pancreatic development. We further discuss how disruptions in ncRNA biogenesis and expression lead to developmental defects and diseases. This review summarizes in vivo data from animal models and in vitro studies using stem cell differentiation as a model for pancreatic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zoey Yang
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ronald J Parchem
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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4
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Seyhan AA. Circulating microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer-Advances and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13340. [PMID: 37686149 PMCID: PMC10488102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent unmet need for robust and reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of response to specific treatments of many aggressive and deadly cancers, such as pancreatic cancer, and liquid biopsy-based miRNA profiling has the potential for this. MiRNAs are a subset of non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of a multitude of genes post-transcriptionally and thus are potential diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers and have also emerged as potential therapeutics. Because miRNAs are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of their target mRNAs via repressing gene expression, defects in miRNA biogenesis pathway and miRNA expression perturb the expression of a multitude of oncogenic or tumor-suppressive genes that are involved in the pathogenesis of various cancers. As such, numerous miRNAs have been identified to be downregulated or upregulated in many cancers, functioning as either oncomes or oncosuppressor miRs. Moreover, dysregulation of miRNA biogenesis pathways can also change miRNA expression and function in cancer. Profiling of dysregulated miRNAs in pancreatic cancer has been shown to correlate with disease diagnosis, indicate optimal treatment options and predict response to a specific therapy. Specific miRNA signatures can track the stages of pancreatic cancer and hold potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers, as well as therapeutics such as miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors (antagomirs). Furthermore, identified specific miRNAs and genes they regulate in pancreatic cancer along with downstream pathways can be used as potential therapeutic targets. However, a limited understanding and validation of the specific roles of miRNAs, lack of tissue specificity, methodological, technical, or analytical reproducibility, harmonization of miRNA isolation and quantification methods, the use of standard operating procedures, and the availability of automated and standardized assays to improve reproducibility between independent studies limit bench-to-bedside translation of the miRNA biomarkers for clinical applications. Here I review recent findings on miRNAs in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and their potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila A. Seyhan
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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5
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Pekarek L, Torres-Carranza D, Fraile-Martinez O, García-Montero C, Pekarek T, Saez MA, Rueda-Correa F, Pimentel-Martinez C, Guijarro LG, Diaz-Pedrero R, Alvarez-Mon M, Ortega MA. An Overview of the Role of MicroRNAs on Carcinogenesis: A Focus on Cell Cycle, Angiogenesis and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087268. [PMID: 37108432 PMCID: PMC10139430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the importance of epigenetic markers in the carcinogenesis of different malignant neoplasms has been demonstrated, also demonstrating their utility for understanding metastatic spread and tumor progression in cancer patients. Among the different biomarkers, microRNAs represent a set of non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, having been involved in a wide variety of neoplasia acting in different oncogenic pathways. Both the overexpression and downregulation of microRNAs represent a complex interaction with various genes whose ultimate consequence is increased cell proliferation, tumor invasion and interaction with various driver markers. It should be noted that in current clinical practice, even though the combination of different microRNAs has been shown to be useful by different authors at diagnostic and prognostic levels, there are no diagnostic kits that can be used for the initial approach or to assess recurrences of oncological diseases. Previous works have cited microRNAs as having a critical role in several carcinogenic mechanisms, ranging from cell cycle alterations to angiogenesis and mechanisms of distant metastatic dissemination. Indeed, the overexpression or downregulation of specific microRNAs seem to be tightly involved in the modulation of various components related to these processes. For instance, cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, transcription factors, signaling molecules and angiogenic/antiangiogenic products, among others, have been recognized as specific targets of microRNAs in different types of cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe the main implications of different microRNAs in cell cycle alterations, metastasis and angiogenesis, trying to summarize their involvement in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Oncology Service, Guadalajara University Hospital, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Diego Torres-Carranza
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tatiana Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Francisco Rueda-Correa
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Carolina Pimentel-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Luis G Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of System Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Raul Diaz-Pedrero
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Teaching Hospital, 28805 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
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6
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Li L, Wang N, Wang J, Li J. Hsa_circRNA_001859 regulates pancreatic cancer progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the miR-21-5p/SLC38A2 pathway. Cancer Biomark 2023; 37:39-52. [PMID: 37005877 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-220229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study attempts to investigate whether hsa_circRNA_001859 (circ_001859) could regulate the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer through the miR-21-5p/SLC38A2 pathway. METHODS: GSE79634 microarray was analyzed with R package. The expression of circ_001859 in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells was verified by qRT-PCR. After the overexpression of circ_001859, cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion were verified by colony formation and transwell assay. The targeting relationship between miR-21-5p and circ_001859 was predicted by TargetScan and was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull down and qRT-PCR. The effect of miR-21-5p on cell proliferation, migration and invasion were investigated by colony formation and transwell assay respectively. Similarly, the targeting relationship between miR-21-5p and SLC38A2 was predicted by TargetScan and was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay, western blot and qRT-PCR. The effect of SLC38A2 on cell proliferation was investigated by colony formation. RESULTS: Circ_001859 was lowly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells. In vitro assays showed that overexpression of circ_001859 could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer. In addition, this effect was also confirmed in xenograft transplantation model. Circ_001859 could be bind to miR-21-5p and sponge its expression in pancreatic cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-21-5p enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of pancreatic cancer cells, while the inhibition of miR-21-5p expression suppressed these abilities. Moreover, miR-21-5p directly targeted at SLC38A2 and inhibited SLC38A2 expression levels while circ_001859 up-regulated SLC38A2 levels. SLC38A2 expression knockdown enhanced cell proliferation but SLC38A2 overexpression resulted in decreased proliferation, and effects of SLC38A2 could be rescued by miR-21-5p and circ_001859. In addition, both QRT-PCR and immunofluorescence confirmed that circ_001859 could regulate tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the miR-21-5p/SLC38A2 pathway. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that circ_001859 may inhibit the proliferation, invasion and EMT of pancreatic cancer through the miR-21-5p/SLC38A2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiangang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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7
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Alteration in Levels of Specific miRNAs and Their Potential Protein Targets between Human Pancreatic Cancer Samples, Adjacent Normal Tissue, and Xenografts Derived from These Tumors. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030608. [PMID: 36983764 PMCID: PMC10057657 DOI: 10.3390/life13030608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe the global comparison of miRNAs in human pancreatic cancer tumors, adjacent normal tissue, and matched patient-derived xenograft models using microarray screening. RNA was extracted from seven tumor, five adjacent normal, and eight FI PDX tumor samples and analyzed by Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA 4.0 array. A transcriptome analysis console (TAC) was used to generate comparative lists of up- and downregulated miRNAs for the comparisons, tumor vs. normal and F1 PDX vs. tumor. Particular attention was paid to miRNAs that were changed in the same direction in both comparisons. We identified the involvement in pancreatic tumor tissue of several miRNAs, including miR4534, miR3154, and miR4742, not previously highlighted as being involved in this type of cancer. Investigation in the parallel mRNA and protein lists from the same samples allowed the elimination of proteins where altered expression correlated with corresponding mRNA levels and was thus less likely to be miRNA regulated. Using the remaining differential expression protein lists for proteins predicted to be targeted for differentially expressed miRNA on our list, we were able to tentatively ascribe specific protein changes to individual miRNA. Particularly interesting target proteins for miRs 615-3p, 2467-3p, 4742-5p, 509-5p, and 605-3p were identified. Prominent among the protein targets are enzymes involved in aldehyde metabolism and membrane transport and trafficking. These results may help to uncover vulnerabilities that could enable novel approaches to treating pancreatic cancer.
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8
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Ajgaonkar R, Lee B, Valimukhametova A, Nguyen S, Gonzalez-Rodriguez R, Coffer J, Akkaraju GR, Naumov AV. Detection of Pancreatic Cancer miRNA with Biocompatible Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15165760. [PMID: 36013894 PMCID: PMC9414703 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Early-stage pancreatic cancer remains challenging to detect, leading to a poor five-year patient survival rate. This obstacle necessitates the development of early detection approaches based on novel technologies and materials. In this work, the presence of a specific pancreatic cancer-derived miRNA (pre-miR-132) is detected using the fluorescence properties of biocompatible nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) synthesized using a bottom-up approach from a single glucosamine precursor. The sensor platform is comprised of slightly positively charged (1.14 ± 0.36 mV) NGQDs bound via π-π stacking and/or electrostatic interactions to the negatively charged (-22.4 ± 6.00 mV) bait ssDNA; together, they form a complex with a 20 nm average size. The NGQDs' fluorescence distinguishes specific single-stranded DNA sequences due to bait-target complementarity, discriminating them from random control sequences with sensitivity in the micromolar range. Furthermore, this targetability can also detect the stem and loop portions of pre-miR-132, adding to the practicality of the biosensor. This non-invasive approach allows cancer-specific miRNA detection to facilitate early diagnosis of various forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Ajgaonkar
- School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - Bong Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - Alina Valimukhametova
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - Steven Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | | | - Jeffery Coffer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | | | - Anton V. Naumov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(713)-253-8775
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9
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Rahnama N, Jahangir M, Alesaeid S, Kahrizi MS, Adili A, Mohammed RN, Aslaminabad R, Akbari M, Özgönül AM. Association between microRNAs and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer: Current knowledge, new insights, and forthcoming perspectives. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 236:153982. [PMID: 35779293 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma, commonly known as pancreatic cancer (PC), is a cancer-related cause of death due to delayed diagnosis, metastasis, and drug resistance. Patients with PC suffer from incorrect responses to chemotherapy due to inherent and acquired chemical resistance. Numerous studies have shown the mechanism of the effect of chemoresistance on PC, such as genetic and epigenetic changes or the elucidation of signaling pathways. In this regard, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as essential modulators of gene expression in various cellular functions, including chemoresistance. Thus, identifying the underlying link between microRNAs and PC chemoresistance helps determine the exact pathogenesis of PC. This study aims to classify miRNAs and signaling pathways related to PC chemoresistance, suggesting new therapeutic approaches to overcome PC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Rahnama
- Department of Internal Medicine and Health Services, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Samira Alesaeid
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Adili
- Senior Adult Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, FL, USA; Department of Oncology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rebar N Mohammed
- Medical Laboratory Analysis Department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University of Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
| | - Ramin Aslaminabad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ali Mert Özgönül
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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10
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Wang Y, Han Y, Jin Y, He Q, Wang Z. The Advances in Epigenetics for Cancer Radiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105654. [PMID: 35628460 PMCID: PMC9145982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an important factor threatening human life and health; in recent years, its morbidity and mortality remain high and demosntrate an upward trend. It is of great significance to study its pathogenesis and targeted therapy. As the complex mechanisms of epigenetic modification has been increasingly discovered, they are more closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. As a reversible response, epigenetic modification is of great significance for the improvement of classical therapeutic measures and the discovery of new therapeutic targets. It has become a research focusto explore the multi-level mechanisms of RNA, DNA, chromatin and proteins. As an important means of cancer treatment, radiotherapy has made great progress in technology, methods, means and targeted sensitization after years of rapid development, and even research on radiotherapy based on epigenetic modification is rampant. A series of epigenetic effects of radiation on DNA methylation, histone modification, chromosome remodeling, RNA modification and non-coding RNA during radiotherapy affects the therapeutic effects and prognosis. Starting from the epigenetic mechanism of tumorigenesis, this paper reviews the latest progress in the mechanism of interaction between epigenetic modification and cancer radiotherapy and briefly introduces the main types, mechanisms and applications of epigenetic modifiers used for radiotherapy sensitization in order to explore a more individual and dynamic approach of cancer treatment based on epigenetic mechanism. This study strives to make a modest contribution to the progress of human disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiang He
- Correspondence: (Q.H.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-431-85619443 (Z.W.)
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Correspondence: (Q.H.); (Z.W.); Tel.: +86-431-85619443 (Z.W.)
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11
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Papaefthymiou A, Doukatas A, Galanopoulos M. Pancreatic cancer and oligonucleotide therapy: Exploring novel therapeutic options and targeting chemoresistance. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2022; 46:101911. [PMID: 35346893 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2022.101911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) represents a malignancy with increased mortality rate, as less than 10% of patients survive for 5 years after diagnosis. Current evolution in basic sciences has revealed promising results by decrypting genetic loci vulnerable to mutations, as potential targets of novel treatment choices. In this regard, the "Oligonucleotide therapeutics", based on synthetic nucleotides, modify the function and expression of their targets. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNAs), aptamers, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and decoys comprise the main representatives of this emerging technology, by regulating oncogenes' expression, restoring DNA repairment mechanisms, sensitizing cancer cells in chemotherapy, and inhibiting PC progress. A plethora of genetic treatment molecules and respective targets have been described and are currently studied, thus providing a broad range of probable pharmaceutical options. This narrative review illuminates the main parameters of genetic treatment molecules for PC and underlines their deficiencies, to clarify the upcoming future and trigger further investigation in PC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolis Papaefthymiou
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, 41110, Thessaly, Greece.
| | - Aris Doukatas
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attiki, Greece
| | - Michail Galanopoulos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
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12
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Li W, Li T, Sun C, Du Y, Chen L, Du C, Shi J, Wang W. Identification and prognostic analysis of biomarkers to predict the progression of pancreatic cancer patients. Mol Med 2022; 28:43. [PMID: 35428170 PMCID: PMC9013045 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis and high mortality. Surgical resection is the only "curative" treatment. However, only a minority of patients with PC can obtain surgery. Improving the overall survival (OS) rate of patients with PC is still a major challenge. Molecular biomarkers are a significant approach for diagnostic and predictive use in PCs. Several prediction models have been developed for patients newly diagnosed with PC that is operable or patients with advanced and metastatic PC; however, these models require further validation. Therefore, precise biomarkers are urgently required to increase the efficiency of predicting a disease-free survival (DFS), OS, and sensitivity to immunotherapy in PC patients and to improve the prognosis of PC. METHODS In the present study, we first evaluated the highly and selectively expressed targets in PC, using the GeoMxTM Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP) and then, we analyzed the roles of these targets in PCs using TCGA database. RESULTS LAMB3, FN1, KRT17, KRT19, and ANXA1 were defined as the top five upregulated targets in PC compared with paracancer. The TCGA database results confirmed the expression pattern of LAMB3, FN1, KRT17, KRT19, and ANXA1 in PCs. Significantly, LAMB3, FN1, KRT19, and ANXA1 but not KRT17 can be considered as biomarkers for survival analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, and risk model analysis. Furthermore, in combination, LAMB3, FN1, KRT19, and ANXA1 predict the DFS and, in combination, LAMB3, KRT19, and ANXA1 predict the OS. Immunotherapy is significant for PCs that are inoperable. The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) analysis indicated that higher expressions of FN1 or ANXA1 are correlated with lower ICB response. In contrast, there are no significant differences in the ICB response between high and low expression of LAMB3 and KRT19. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, LAMB3, FN1, KRT19, and ANXA1 are good predictors of PC prognosis. Furthermore, FN1 and ANXA1 can be predictors of immunotherapy in PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Tiandong Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Chenguang Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yimeng Du
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Linna Chen
- The Academy of Medical Science, College of Medical, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chunyan Du
- Laboratory Animal Center, School of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Weijie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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13
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Pekarek L, Fraile-Martinez O, Garcia-Montero C, Saez MA, Barquero-Pozanco I, del Hierro-Marlasca L, de Castro Martinez P, Romero-Bazán A, Alvarez-Mon MA, Monserrat J, García-Honduvilla N, Buján J, Alvarez-Mon M, Guijarro LG, Ortega MA. Clinical Applications of Classical and Novel Biological Markers of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081866. [PMID: 35454771 PMCID: PMC9029823 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma have increased in recent years. Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer death, but it is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2040. Most patients are diagnosed in an advanced stage of the disease, with very limited 5-year survival. The discovery of different tissue markers has elucidated the underlying pathophysiology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and allowed stratification of patient risk at different stages and assessment of tumour recurrence. Due to the invasive capacity of this tumour and the absence of screening markers, new immunohistochemical and serological markers may be used as prognostic markers for recurrence and in the study of possible new therapeutic targets because the survival of these patients is low in most cases. The present article reviews the currently used main histopathological and serological markers and discusses the main characteristics of markers under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Oncology Service, Guadalajara University Hospital, 19002 Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (O.F.-M.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Cielo Garcia-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miguel A. Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Ines Barquero-Pozanco
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Laura del Hierro-Marlasca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Patricia de Castro Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Adoración Romero-Bazán
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Miguel A. Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Julia Buján
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of System Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Spain; (L.P.); (C.G.-M.); (M.A.S.); (I.B.-P.); (L.d.H.-M.); (P.d.C.M.); (A.R.-B.); (M.A.A.-M.); (J.M.); (N.G.-H.); (J.B.); (M.A.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, 28806 Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Correspondence: (O.F.-M.); (M.A.O.)
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14
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Su YH, Hsu TW, Chen HA, Su CM, Huang MT, Chuang TH, Leo Su J, Hsieh CL, Chiu CF. ERK-mediated transcriptional activation of Dicer is involved in gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:4420-4434. [PMID: 33184874 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gemcitabine has been a commonly used therapeutic agent for treatment of pancreatic cancer. In the clinic, a growing resistance to gemcitabine has been observed in patients with pancreatic cancer, and investigation of the underlying mechanism of gemcitabine resistance is urgently required. The microRNA (miRNA)-producing enzyme, Dicer, is crucial for the maturation of miRNAs, and is involved in clinical aggressiveness, poor prognosis, and survival outcomes in various cancers, however, the role of Dicer in acquired gemcitabine resistance of pancreatic cancer is still not clear. Here, we found that Dicer expression was significantly increased in gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 (PANC-1/GEM) cells compared with parental PANC-1 cells and observed a high level of Dicer correlated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Suppression of Dicer obviously decreased gemcitabine resistance in PANC-1/GEM cells; consistently, overexpression of Dicer in PANC-1 cells increased gemcitabine resistance. Moreover, we identified that transcriptional factor Sp1 targeted the promoter region of Dicer and found ERK/Sp1 signaling regulated Dicer expression in PANC-1/GEM cells, as well as positively correlated with pancreatic cancer progression and suggest that targeting the ERK/Sp1/Dicer pathway has potential therapeutic value for pancreatic cancer with acquired resistance to gemcitabine.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/genetics
- DEAD-box RNA Helicases/metabolism
- Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives
- Deoxycytidine/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/enzymology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Ribonuclease III/genetics
- Ribonuclease III/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Transcriptional Activation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Gemcitabine
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Hao Su
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Su
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Te Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Hsien Chuang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - J Leo Su
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Hsieh
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Chiu
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Supadmanaba IGP, Mantini G, Randazzo O, Capula M, Muller IB, Cascioferro S, Diana P, Peters GJ, Giovannetti E. Interrelationship between miRNA and splicing factors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Epigenetics 2021; 17:381-404. [PMID: 34057028 PMCID: PMC8993068 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1916697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers because of diagnosis at late stage and inherent/acquired chemoresistance. Recent advances in genomic profiling and biology of this disease have not yet been translated to a relevant improvement in terms of disease management and patient’s survival. However, new possibilities for treatment may emerge from studies on key epigenetic factors. Deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) dependent gene expression and mRNA splicing are epigenetic processes that modulate the protein repertoire at the transcriptional level. These processes affect all aspects of PDAC pathogenesis and have great potential to unravel new therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers. Remarkably, several studies showed that they actually interact with each other in influencing PDAC progression. Some splicing factors directly interact with specific miRNAs and either facilitate or inhibit their expression, such as Rbfox2, which cleaves the well-known oncogenic miRNA miR-21. Conversely, miR-15a-5p and miR-25-3p significantly downregulate the splicing factor hnRNPA1 which acts also as a tumour suppressor gene and is involved in processing of miR-18a, which in turn, is a negative regulator of KRAS expression. Therefore, this review describes the interaction between splicing and miRNA, as well as bioinformatic tools to explore the effect of splicing modulation towards miRNA profiles, in order to exploit this interplay for the development of innovative treatments. Targeting aberrant splicing and deregulated miRNA, alone or in combination, may hopefully provide novel therapeutic approaches to fight the complex biology and the common treatment recalcitrance of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gede Putu Supadmanaba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Giulia Mantini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ornella Randazzo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Dipartimento Di Scienze E Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche E Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mjriam Capula
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ittai B Muller
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento Di Scienze E Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche E Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento Di Scienze E Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche E Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy
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16
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Wang Y, Hao W, Wang H. miR-557 suppressed the malignant behaviours of osteosarcoma cells by reducing HOXB9 and deactivating the EMT process. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 49:230-239. [PMID: 33666541 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.1890100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Wang
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai City, P. R. China
| | - Wei Hao
- Department of Joint and Sports Medicine, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining City, P. R. China
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17
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Zhou J, Cui X, Xiao F, Cai G. A Cluster-Based Approach for Identifying Prognostic microRNA Signatures in Digestive System Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1529. [PMID: 33546390 PMCID: PMC7913556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the second leading cause of death all over the world. Aberrant expression of miRNA has shown diagnostic and prognostic value in many kinds of cancer. This study aims to provide a novel strategy to identify reliable miRNA signatures and develop improved cancer prognostic models from reported cancer-associated miRNAs. We proposed a new cluster-based approach to identify distinct cluster(s) of cancers and corresponding miRNAs. Further, with samples from TCGA and other independent studies, we identified prognostic markers and validated their prognostic value in prediction models. We also performed KEGG pathway analysis to investigate the functions of miRNAs associated with the cancer cluster of interest. A distinct cluster with 28 cancers and 146 associated miRNAs was identified. This cluster was enriched by digestive system cancers. Further, we screened out 8 prognostic miRNA signatures for STAD, 5 for READ, 18 for PAAD, 24 for LIHC, 12 for ESCA and 18 for COAD. These identified miRNA signatures demonstrated strong abilities in discriminating the overall survival time between high-risk group and low-risk group (p-value < 0.05) in both TCGA training and test datasets, as well as four independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) validation datasets. We also demonstrated that these cluster-based miRNA signatures are superior to signatures identified in single cancers for prognosis. Our study identified significant miRNA signatures with improved prognosis accuracy in digestive system cancers. It also provides a novel method/strategy for cancer prognostic marker selection and offers valuable methodological directions to similar research topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (J.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiang Cui
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (J.Z.); (X.C.)
| | - Feifei Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
| | - Guoshuai Cai
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (J.Z.); (X.C.)
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18
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Therapeutic Approaches for Metastases from Colorectal Cancer and Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13010103. [PMID: 33466892 PMCID: PMC7830403 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the process of dissemination of a tumor, whereby cells from the primary site dislodge and find their way to other tissues where secondary tumors establish. Metastasis is the primary cause of death related to cancer. This process warrants changes in original tumoral cells and their microenvironment to establish a metastatic niche. Traditionally, cancer therapy has focused on metastasis prevention by systematic treatments or direct surgical re-sectioning. However, metastasis can still occur. More recently, new therapies direct their attention to targeting cancer stem cells. As they propose, these cells could be the orchestrators of the metastatic niche. In this review, we describe conventional and novel developments in cancer therapeutics for liver and lung metastasis. We further discuss the resistance mechanisms of targeted therapy, the advantages, and disadvantages of diverse treatment approaches, and future novel strategies to enhance cancer prognosis.
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Nweke EE, Brand M. Downregulation of the let-7 family of microRNAs may promote insulin receptor/insulin-like growth factor signalling pathways in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2613-2620. [PMID: 32782579 PMCID: PMC7400736 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer type characterized by dysregulated cell signalling pathways and resistance to treatment. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signalling pathway has been identified to have a role in tumour progression and therapy resistance. However, its regulatory roles in PDAC have remained to be fully elucidated. In the present study, dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in PDAC were explored with a focus on those that may be involved in regulating the insulin/IGF signalling pathway. A total of 208 patients were recruited, comprising 112 patients with PDAC, 50 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and 46 subjects as a control group (CG). miRNA-specific quantitative PCR assays were used to measure 300 candidate miRNAs. The Student's t-test was applied to compare miRNA regulation between cancer patients and controls with a false discovery rate correction using Bonferroni-type comparison procedures. The DIANA-mirPath v.3 tool and HMDD v3.0 were used to identify miRNA-mRNA interactions within specific pathways. In patients with PDAC, 42 miRNAs were significantly upregulated and 42 were downregulated compared to the CG (P<0.01). In the PDAC vs. CP analysis, 16 significantly (P<0.01) upregulated and 16 downregulated miRNAs were identified. Of note, members of the let-7 family of miRNAs were downregulated and were indicated to target several components of the insulin receptor (INSR)/IGF pathway, including receptors and binding proteins, for upregulation and thus, may enable the activation of the pathway. Downregulation of the let-7 family may help promote the INSR/IGF pathway in PDAC. It may thus be an effective target for the development of INSR/IGF pathway-specific treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekene Emmanuel Nweke
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Martin Brand
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.,Department of Surgery, Steve Biko Academic Hospital and The University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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20
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Could Protons and Carbon Ions Be the Silver Bullets Against Pancreatic Cancer? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134767. [PMID: 32635552 PMCID: PMC7369903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a very aggressive cancer type associated with one of the poorest prognostics. Despite several clinical trials to combine different types of therapies, none of them resulted in significant improvements for patient survival. Pancreatic cancers demonstrate a very broad panel of resistance mechanisms due to their biological properties but also their ability to remodel the tumour microenvironment. Radiotherapy is one of the most widely used treatments against cancer but, up to now, its impact remains limited in the context of pancreatic cancer. The modern era of radiotherapy proposes new approaches with increasing conformation but also more efficient effects on tumours in the case of charged particles. In this review, we highlight the interest in using charged particles in the context of pancreatic cancer therapy and the impact of this alternative to counteract resistance mechanisms.
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21
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Starzyńska T, Karczmarski J, Paziewska A, Kulecka M, Kuśnierz K, Żeber-Lubecka N, Ambrożkiewicz F, Mikula M, Kos-Kudła B, Ostrowski J. Differences between Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors and Ductal Adenocarcinomas of the Pancreas Assessed by Multi-Omics Profiling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4470. [PMID: 32586046 PMCID: PMC7352720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Most pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are indolent, while pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) are particularly aggressive. To elucidate the basis for this difference and to establish the biomarkers, by using the deep sequencing, we analyzed somatic variants across coding regions of 409 cancer genes and measured mRNA/miRNA expression in nine PNETs, eight PDACs, and four intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (INETs). There were 153 unique somatic variants considered pathogenic or likely pathogenic, found in 50, 57, and 24 genes in PDACs, PNETs, and INETs, respectively. Ten and 11 genes contained a pathogenic mutation in at least one sample of all tumor types and in PDACs and PNETs, respectively, while 28, 34, and 11 genes were found to be mutated exclusively in PDACs, PNETs, and INETs, respectively. The mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes of PDACs and NETs were distinct: from 54 to 1659 differentially expressed mRNAs and from 117 to 250 differentially expressed miRNAs exhibited high discrimination ability and resulted in models with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC-ROC) >0.9 for both miRNA and mRNA. Given the miRNAs high stability, we proposed exploring that class of RNA as new pancreatic tumor biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Starzyńska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Jakub Karczmarski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.); (A.P.); (M.K.); (F.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Paziewska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.); (A.P.); (M.K.); (F.A.); (M.M.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Maria Kulecka
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.); (A.P.); (M.K.); (F.A.); (M.M.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kuśnierz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Natalia Żeber-Lubecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Filip Ambrożkiewicz
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.); (A.P.); (M.K.); (F.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Michał Mikula
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.); (A.P.); (M.K.); (F.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Beata Kos-Kudła
- Department of Endocrinology and Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excelence, Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-514 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.); (A.P.); (M.K.); (F.A.); (M.M.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
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22
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Extracellular Vesicles in Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: Current State and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061530. [PMID: 32532129 PMCID: PMC7352217 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest diagnoses a patient can receive. One of the reasons for this lethality is that this malignancy is often detected very late due to a lack of symptoms during the early stages. In addition to the lack of symptoms, we currently do not have a reliable biomarker for screening. Carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 has a sensitivity between 79% and 84% and a specificity of 82–90%, making it unreliable for early detection. Recently, there have been numerous studies on the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) to detect pancreas cancer. This field has been rapidly expanding, with new methods and biomarkers being introduced regularly. This review provides a systematic update on the commonly used and promising methods used in the detection of EVs, biomarkers associated with EVs for early detection and prognosis, as well as studies looking at using EVs as therapeutics. The review ends with remarks about areas to focus on using EVs going forward.
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23
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Lu H, Zhang L, Lu S, Yang D, Ye J, Li M, Hu W. miR-25 expression is upregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and promotes cell proliferation by targeting ABI2. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3384-3390. [PMID: 32266037 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to play a critical role in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation; however, the role of microRNA-25 (miR-25) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. In the present study, the role of miR-25 in PDAC cell proliferation was investigated. Upregulated expression of miR-25 was found in PDAC tissues and cell lines by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Cell proliferation was significantly enhanced by overexpression of miR-25 as shown by CCK-8 assay results. Meanwhile, overexpression of miR-25 also promoted G1-to-S phase transition of the cell cycle in Aspc-1 cells via flow cytometry analysis. However downregulation of miR-25 inhibited the tumor cell proliferation and cell cycle transition. Online software was used to predict the target gene for miR-25 and luciferase reporter assay confirmed that Abl interactor 2 (ABI2) was a target of miR-25 via direct binding of its 3' untranslated region with miR-25. Moreover, results of the western blot analysis demonstrated that miR-25 negatively regulated the expression of ABI2 at the protein level. In addition, introduction of ABI2 mRNA into cells overexpressing miR-25 attenuated the carcinogenic effects of miR-25. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that miR-25 plays an oncogenic role and promotive role in PDAC cell proliferation via targeting of ABI2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Lu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR. China
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR. China
| | - Dujiang Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR. China
| | - Jun Ye
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR. China
| | - Mao Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR. China
| | - Weiming Hu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR. China
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24
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MicroRNAs and Neutrophil Activation Markers Predict Venous Thrombosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Distal Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030840. [PMID: 32012923 PMCID: PMC7043221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated venous thrombosis (VTE) increases mortality and morbidity. However, limited tools are available to identify high risk patients. Upon activation, neutrophils release their content through different mechanisms, thereby prompting thrombosis. We explored plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) and neutrophil activation markers to predict VTE in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and distal extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (DECC). Twenty-six PDAC and 6 DECC patients recruited at cancer diagnosis, were examined for deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolisms, and were then followed-up with clinical examinations, blood collections, and biCUS. Ten patients developed VTE and were compared with 22 age- and sex-matched controls. miRNA expression levels were measured at diagnosis and right before VTE, and neutrophil activation markers (cell-free DNA, nucleosomes, calprotectin, and myeloperoxidase) were measured in every sample obtained during follow-up. We obtained a profile of 7 miRNAs able to estimate the risk of future VTE at diagnosis (AUC = 0.95; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) (0.987, 1)) with targets involved in the pancreatic cancer and complement and coagulation cascades pathways. Seven miRNAs were up- or down-regulated before VTE compared with diagnosis. We obtained a predictive model of VTE with calprotectin as predictor (AUC = 0.77; 95% CI (0.57, 0.95)). This is the first study that addresses the ability of plasma miRNAs and neutrophil activation markers to predict VTE in PDAC and DECC.
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25
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Zuberi M, Mir R, Khan I, Javid J, Guru SA, Bhat M, Sumi MP, Ahmad I, Masroor M, Yadav P, Vishnubhatla S, Saxena A. The Promising Signatures of Circulating microRNA-145 in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients. Microrna 2020; 9:49-57. [PMID: 30799804 DOI: 10.2174/2211536608666190225111234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer continues to be a deleterious threat to women as it is asymptomatic and is typically detected in advanced stages. Cogent non-invasive biomarkers are therefore needed which are effective in apprehending the disease in early stages. Recently, miRNA deregulation has shown a promising magnitude in ovarian cancer tumorigenesis. miRNA-145(miR- 145) is beginning to be understood for its possible role in cancer development and progression. In this study, we identified the clinicopathological hallmarks altered owing to the downexpression of serum miR-145 in EOC. METHODS 70 serum samples from histopathologically confirmed EOC patients and 70 controls were collected. Total RNA from serum was isolated by Trizol method, polyadenylated and reverse transcribed into cDNA. Expression level of miR-145 was detected by miRNA qRT-PCR using RNU6B snRNA as reference. RESULTS The alliance of miR-145 profiling amongst patients and controls established itself to be conspicuous with a significant p-value (p<0.0001). A positive conglomeration (p=0.04) of miR-145 profiling was manifested with histopathological grade. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve highlights the diagnostic potential and makes it imminent with a robust Area Under the curve (AUC). A positive correlation with the ROC curve was also noted for histological grade, FIGO stage, distant metastasis, lymph node status and survival. CONCLUSION Our results propose that miR-145 down-regulation might be a possible touchstone for disease progression and be identified as a diagnostic marker and predict disease outcome in EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariyam Zuberi
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi-110002, India
| | - Rashid Mir
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Jamsheed Javid
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Ahmad Guru
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi-110002, India
| | - Musadiq Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi-110002, India
| | - Mamta Pervin Sumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi-110002, India
| | - Imtiyaz Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi-110002, India
| | - Mirza Masroor
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi-110002, India
| | - Prasant Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi-110002, India
| | | | - Alpana Saxena
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi-110002, India
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26
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Wu Y, Tang Y, Xie S, Zheng X, Zhang S, Mao J, Wang B, Hou Y, Hu L, Chai K, Chen W. Chimeric peptide supramolecular nanoparticles for plectin-1 targeted miRNA-9 delivery in pancreatic cancer. Theranostics 2020; 10:1151-1165. [PMID: 31938057 PMCID: PMC6956805 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease with poor prognosis. Insights into the roles of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in diseases, particularly in cancer, have made miRNAs attractive tools and targets for novel therapeutic approaches. Methods: Here, we employed a novel chimeric peptide supramolecular nanoparticle delivery system for plectin-1 (PL-1)-targeted PDAC-specific miR-9 delivery in vitro and in pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted to detect the expression pattern of eIF5A2. mRFP-GFP-LC3 fluorescence microscopy and Western blot were carried out to determine autophagy. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to elucidate the regulatory role of miR-9/eIF5A2 axis. Results: PL-1/miR-9 nanocomplexes dramatically improve the anticancer effect of doxorubicin through downregulating eIF5A2 expression to inhibit autophagy and induce apoptosis in PDAC therapy in vivo. Mechanistically, miR-9 directly targets the eIF5A2 transcript by binding to its 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) to reduce the expression levels and the secreted protein of eIF5A2 in PDAC cells. Conclusion: PL-1/miR-9 nanoparticles can be used as a novel promising anti-cancer strategy with tumor targeting and miR-9/eIF5A2 may serve as a new potential therapeutic target for future synergic therapy against human PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yuexiao Tang
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Genetics, Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shangzhi Xie
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Shufen Zhang
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiayan Mao
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Baoming Wang
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yuerou Hou
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Liqiang Hu
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Kequn Chai
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou 310012, China
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Chhatriya B, Mukherjee M, Ray S, Sarkar P, Chatterjee S, Nath D, Das K, Goswami S. Comparison of tumour and serum specific microRNA changes dissecting their role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1175. [PMID: 31795960 PMCID: PMC6891989 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered as one of the most aggressive cancers lacking efficient early detection biomarkers. Circulating miRNAs are now being considered to have potency to be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in different diseases as well as cancers. In case of cancer, a fraction of the circulating miRNAs is actually derived from the tumour tissue. This fraction would function as stable biomarker for the disease and also would contribute to the understanding of the disease development. There are not many studies exploring this aspect in pancreatic cancer and even there is not much overlap of results between existing studies. Methods In order to address that gap, we performed a miRNA microarray analysis to identify differentially expressed circulating miRNAs between PDAC patients and normal healthy individuals and also found two more similar datasets to perform a meta-analysis using a total of 182 PDAC patients and 170 normal, identifying a set of miRNAs significantly altered in patient serum. Next, we found five datasets studying miRNA expression profile in tumour tissues of PDAC patients as compared to normal pancreas and performed a second meta-analysis using data from a total of 183 pancreatic tumour and 47 normal pancreas to detect significantly deregulated miRNAs in pancreatic carcinoma. Comparison of these two lists and subsequent search for their target genes which were also deregulated in PDAC in inverse direction to miRNAs was done followed by investigation of their role in disease development. Results We identified 21 miRNAs altered in both pancreatic tumour tissue and serum. While deciphering the functions of their target genes, we characterized key miR-Gene interactions perturbing the biological pathways. We identified important cancer related pathways, pancreas specific pathways, AGE-RAGE signaling, prolactin signaling and insulin resistance signaling pathways among the most affected ones. We also reported the possible involvement of crucial transcription factors in the process. Conclusions Our study identified a unique meta-signature of 21 miRNAs capable of explaining pancreatic carcinogenesis and possibly holding the potential to act as biomarker for the disease detection which could be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moumita Mukherjee
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukanta Ray
- School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Piyali Sarkar
- Present Address: Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Debashis Nath
- Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - Kshaunish Das
- School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Srikanta Goswami
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
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28
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Daoud AZ, Mulholland EJ, Cole G, McCarthy HO. MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer: biomarkers, prognostic, and therapeutic modulators. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1130. [PMID: 31752758 PMCID: PMC6868851 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6284-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract A severe lack of early diagnosis coupled with resistance to most available therapeutic options renders pancreatic cancer as a major clinical concern. The limited efficacy of current treatments necessitates the development of novel therapeutic strategies that are based on an understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic cancer progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding small RNAs that regulate the expression of multiple proteins in the post-translation process and thus have promise as biomarkers, prognostic agents, and as advanced pancreatic therapies. Profiling of deregulated miRNAs in pancreatic cancer can correlate to diagnosis, indicate optimal treatment and predict response to therapy. Furthermore, understanding the main effector genes in pancreatic cancer along with downstream pathways can identify possible miRNAs as therapeutic candidates. Additionally, obstacles to the translation of miRNAs into the clinic are also considered. Distinct miRNA expression profiles can correlate to stages of malignant pancreatic disease, and hold potential as biomarkers, prognostic markers and clinical targets. However, a limited understanding and validation of the specific role of such miRNAs stunts clinical application. Target prediction using algorithms provides a wide range of possible targets, but these miRNAs still require validation through pre-clinical studies to determine the knock-on genetic effects. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Afra Z Daoud
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Eoghan J Mulholland
- Gastrointestinal Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Grace Cole
- Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Shen Y, Zhang R, Xu L, Wan Q, Zhu J, Gu J, Huang Z, Ma W, Shen M, Ding F, Sun H. Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression Provides New Insights Into Denervation-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1298. [PMID: 31681010 PMCID: PMC6798177 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Denervation induces skeletal muscle atrophy, accompanied by complex biochemical and physiological changes, with potentially devastating outcomes even an increased mortality. Currently, however, there remains a paucity of effective strategies to treat skeletal muscle atrophy. Therefore, it is required to understand the molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy and formulate new treatment strategies. In this study, we investigated the transcriptional profile of denervated skeletal muscle after peripheral nerve injury in rats. The cDNA microarray analysis showed that a huge number of genes in tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were differentially expressed at different times after sciatic nerve transection. Notably, the 24 h of denervation might be a critical time point for triggering TA muscle atrophy. According to the data from self-organizing map (SOM), Pearson correlation heatmap, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical clustering analysis, three nodal transitions in gene expression profile of the denervated TA muscle might partition the period of 0.25 h–28 days post nerve injury into four distinct transcriptional phases. Moreover, the four transcriptional phases were designated as “oxidative stress stage”, “inflammation stage”, “atrophy stage” and “atrophic fibrosis stage”, respectively, which was concluded from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene ontology (GO) analyses at each transcriptional phase. Importantly, the differentially expressed genes at 24 h post sciatic nerve transection seemed to be mainly involved in inflammation, which might be a critical process in denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Overall, our study would contribute to the understanding of molecular aspects of denervation-induced muscle atrophy, and may also provide a new insight into the time window for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Surgery, Changshu Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changshu, China
| | - Qiuxian Wan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenjing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Yan J, Jia Y, Chen H, Chen W, Zhou X. Long non-coding RNA PXN-AS1 suppresses pancreatic cancer progression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-3064 to upregulate PIP4K2B expression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:390. [PMID: 31488171 PMCID: PMC6727519 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in cancerous processes. Although miR-3064 was reported to be an important tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer, the cellular impact of miR-3064 on pancreatic cancer (PC) progression, its downstream target genes and upstream mechanisms that control the expression of miR-3064 remain to be fully clarified. METHODS We compared miRNA expression profiles between PC tissues compared with normal tissues using a miRNA microarray analysis of clinical samples, and screened the identified miRNAs for their influence on cell proliferation. We measured the expression of miR-3064 in PC tissues and PC cell lines using quantitative real-time PCR assays. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were conducted to explore the biologic significance of miR-3064 in PC progression both in vitro and in vivo. The interactions between miR-3064 and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) PXN-AS1 was verified using the luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS We showed that miR-3064 was significantly overexpressed in PC tissues compared to normal tissues. High miR-3064 was associated with worse prognosis in patients with PC. Functionally, ectopic expression of miR-3064 promoted the proliferation, invasion, clone formation and sphere formation of PC cells in vitro and stimulated PC growth in vivo, while specific knockdown of miR-3064 or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of miR-3064 resulted in opposite phenotypes. Further investigation revealed that miR-3064 directly targeted PIP4K2B, which was reduced in PC tissues and attenuated PC cell proliferation, invasion and sphere formation induced by miR-3064. Importantly, lncRNA PXN-AS1 expression was downregulated in PC samples, and it directly interacted with miR-3064 and suppressed its levels in PC cells. Enforced expression of PXN-AS1 remarkably decreased cell proliferation, invasion and sphere formation, while re-expression of miR-3064 abrogated these effects of PXN-AS1. CONCLUSIONS MiR-3064, a key oncogenic miRNA, could promote PC cell growth, invasion and sphere formation via downregulating the levels of tumor suppressor PIP4K2B. PXN-AS1 functioned as a sponge to suppress the expression of miR-3064. These observations offer fresh insight into the mechanisms through which miR-3064 modulates the development of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Yan
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yunxi Jia
- Department of endoscopy of geriatric gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Wu X, Liu H, Han D, Peng B, Zhang H, Zhang L, Li J, Liu J, Cui C, Fang S, Li M, Ye M, Tan W. Elucidation and Structural Modeling of CD71 as a Molecular Target for Cell-Specific Aptamer Binding. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10760-10769. [PMID: 31185171 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal malignancy associated with tissues of the pancreas. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial to improving the survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer. In a previous study, we employed the cell-SELEX strategy to obtain an ssDNA aptamer termed XQ-2d with high binding affinity for pancreatic cancer. Here, we first identify CD71 as the XQ-2d-binding target. We found that knockdown of CD71 abolished the binding of XQ-2d and that the binding affinity of XQ-2d is associated with membrane-bound CD71, rather than total CD71 levels. Competitive analysis revealed that XQ-2d shares the same binding site on CD71 with transferrin (Tf), but not anti-CD71 antibody. We then used a surface energy transfer (SET) nanoruler to measure the distance between the binding sites of XQ-2d and anti-CD71 antibody, and it was about 15 nm. Furthermore, we did molecular dynamics simulation to clarify that the spatial structure of XQ-2d and Tf competitively binding to CD71. We also engineered XQ-2d-mediated targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer, using an XQ-2d-based complex for loading doxorubicin (Dox). Because CD71 is overexpressed not only in pancreatic cancer but also in a variety of tumors, our work provides a systematic novel way of studying a potential biomarker and also promising tools for cancer diagnosis and therapy, opening new doors for effective cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Wu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Honglin Liu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China.,School of Food and Biological Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei , Anhui 230009 , China
| | - Dongmei Han
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Bo Peng
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Jianglin Li
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | | | - Cheng Cui
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China.,Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute, McKnight Brain Institute , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | | | | | - Mao Ye
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province , Hunan University , Changsha , Hunan 410082 , China.,Department of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface, Health Cancer Center, UF Genetics Institute, McKnight Brain Institute , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States.,Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
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MiR-708-5p inhibits the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by targeting Sirt3. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:794-800. [PMID: 30683474 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Numbers of studies have indicated that miRNA-708 plays an important role in many types of cancer. However, the role of miRNA-708 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has yet to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miRNA-708-5p in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of PDAC in vitro, as well as the underlying mechanism. We found that miRNA-708-5p was upregulated in PDAC tissues and cell lines, and high miRNA-708 expression indicated poor prognosis in PDAC patients. Besides, the CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay and transwell assay results suggested that miRNA-708-5p overexpression enhanced the ability of proliferation, invasion and migration in PDAC cell lines. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting and luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that SIRT3 was a direct target of miRNA-708-5p. Furthermore, a series of rescue experiments manifested that SIRT3 was involved in the oncogenic function of miRNA-708-5p in PDAC cells. Taken together, our study established a novel miRNA-708-5p/SIRT3 axis in the progression of pancreatic cancer and provided insight for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are rare tumors of the pancreas originating from the islets of the Langerhans. These tumors comprise 1% to 3% of all newly diagnosed pancreatic cancers every year and have a unique heterogeneity in clinical presentation. Whole-genome sequencing has led to an increased understanding of the molecular biology of these tumors. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge of the signaling pathways involved in the tumorigenesis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors as well as the major studies targeting these pathways at preclinical and clinical levels.
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Hurtado M, Sankpal UT, Kaba A, Mahammad S, Chhabra J, Brown DT, Gurung RK, Holder AA, Vishwanatha JK, Basha R. Novel Survivin Inhibitor for Suppressing Pancreatic Cancer Cells Growth via Downregulating Sp1 and Sp3 Transcription Factors. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 51:1894-1907. [PMID: 30504717 DOI: 10.1159/000495715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Targeting survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein and mitotic regulator, is considered as an effective therapeutic option for pancreatic cancer (PaCa). Tolfenamic acid (TA) showed anti-cancer activity in pre-clinical studies. A recent discovery demonstrated a copper(II) complex of TA (Cu-TA) can result in higher activity. In this study, the ability of Cu-TA to inhibit survivin and its transcription factors, Specificity protein (Sp) 1 and 3 in PaCa cell lines and tumor growth in mouse xenograft model were evaluated. METHODS Cell growth inhibition was measured in MIA PaCa-2 and Panc1 cells for 2 days using CellTiter-Glo kit. Sp1, Sp3 and survivin expression (by Western blot and qPCR), apoptotic cells and cell cycle phase distribution (by flow cytometry) were evaluated. A pilot study was performed using athymic nude mice [treated with vehicle/Cu-TA (25 or 50 mg/kg) 3 times/week for 4 weeks. RESULTS The IC50 value for Cu-TA was about half than TA.Both agents repressed the protein expression of Sp1/Sp3/survivin, Cu-TA was more effective than TA. Especially effect on survivin inhibition was 5.2 (MIA PaCa-2) or 6.4 (Panc1) fold higher and mRNA expression of only survivin was decreased. Apoptotic cells increased with Cu-TA treatment in both cell lines, while Panc1 showed both effect on apoptosis and cell cycle (G2/M) arrest. Cu-TA decreased the tumor growth in mouse xenografts (25 mg/kg: 48%; 50 mg/kg: 68%). Additionally, there was no change observed in mice body weights, indicating no overt toxicity was occurring. CONCLUSION These results show that Cu-TA can serve as an effective survivin inhibitor for inhibiting PaCa cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna Hurtado
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Umesh T Sankpal
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Aboubacar Kaba
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Shahela Mahammad
- Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Jaya Chhabra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Deondra T Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Raj K Gurung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Alvin A Holder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Jamboor K Vishwanatha
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Riyaz Basha
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, .,Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas,
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Identification of hub genes with diagnostic values in pancreatic cancer by bioinformatics analyses and supervised learning methods. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:223. [PMID: 30428899 PMCID: PMC6237021 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1519-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal tumors with poor prognosis, and lacks of effective biomarkers in diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this investigation was to identify hub genes in pancreatic cancer, which would serve as potential biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and therapy in the future. Methods Combination of two expression profiles of GSE16515 and GSE22780 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was served as training set. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with top 25% variance followed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were performed to find candidate genes. Then, hub genes were further screened by survival and cox analyses in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Finally, hub genes were validated in GSE15471 dataset from GEO by supervised learning methods k-nearest neighbor (kNN) and random forest algorithms. Results After quality control and batch effect elimination of training set, 181 DEGs bearing top 25% variance were identified as candidate genes. Then, two hub genes, MMP7 and ITGA2, correlating with diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer were screened as hub genes according to above-mentioned bioinformatics methods. Finally, hub genes were demonstrated to successfully differ tumor samples from normal tissues with predictive accuracies reached to 93.59 and 81.31% by using kNN and random forest algorithms, respectively. Conclusions All the hub genes were associated with the regulation of tumor microenvironment, which implicated in tumor proliferation, progression, migration, and metastasis. Our results provide a novel prospect for diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer, which may have a further application in clinical. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12957-018-1519-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Hu Y, Dingerdissen H, Gupta S, Kahsay R, Shanker V, Wan Q, Yan C, Mazumder R. Identification of key differentially expressed MicroRNAs in cancer patients through pan-cancer analysis. Comput Biol Med 2018; 103:183-197. [PMID: 30384176 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) functioning in gene silencing have been associated with cancer progression. However, common abnormal miRNA expression patterns and their potential roles in cancer have not yet been evaluated. To account for individual differences between patients, we retrieved miRNA sequencing data for 575 patients with both tumor and adjacent non-tumorous tissues from 14 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We then performed differential expression analysis using DESeq2 and edgeR. Results showed that cancer types can be grouped based on the distribution of miRNAs with different expression patterns between tumor and non-tumor samples. We found 81 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs (SDEmiRNAs) in a single cancer. We also found 21 key SDEmiRNAs (nine over-expressed and 12 under-expressed) associated with at least eight cancers each and enriched in more than 60% of patients per cancer, including four newly identified SDEmiRNAs (hsa-mir-4746, hsa-mir-3648, hsa-mir-3687, and hsa-mir-1269a). The downstream effects of these 21 SDEmiRNAs on cellular function were evaluated through enrichment and pathway analysis of 7186 protein-coding gene targets mined from literature reports of differential expression of miRNAs in cancer. This analysis enables identification of SDEmiRNA functional similarity in cell proliferation control across a wide range of cancers, and assembly of common regulatory networks over cancer-related pathways. These findings were validated by construction of a regulatory network in the PI3K pathway. This study provides evidence for the value of further analysis of SDEmiRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Hayley Dingerdissen
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Samir Gupta
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Robel Kahsay
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Vijay Shanker
- Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
| | - Quan Wan
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Cheng Yan
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
| | - Raja Mazumder
- The Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA; The McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA.
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Karmakar S, Kaushik G, Nimmakayala R, Rachagani S, Ponnusamy MP, Batra SK. MicroRNA regulation of K-Ras in pancreatic cancer and opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 54:63-71. [PMID: 29199014 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The Ras family of GTPases is involved in cell proliferation, cell survival, and angiogenesis. It is upregulated in several cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC) and leads to uncontrolled growth and aggressiveness. PC is well known to be a lethal disease with poor prognosis, plagued by limited therapeutic modalities. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are short non-coding RNA molecules, have recently emerged as regulators of signaling networks and have shown potential to target pathway components for therapeutic use in several malignancies. K-Ras mutations are widespread in PC cases (90%), with mutations detectable as early as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias and in later metastatic stages alike; therefore, these mutations in K-Ras are obvious drivers and potential targets for PC therapy. Several K-Ras targeting miRNAs have lately been discovered, and many of them have shown promise in combating pancreatic tumor growth in vitro and in mouse models. However, the field of miRNA therapy is still in its infancy, and miRNA mimics or anti-miRNA oligonucleotides that target Ras pathway have thus far not been evaluated in PC patients. In this review, we summarize the role of several miRNAs that regulate oncogenic K-Ras signaling in PC, with their prospective roles as therapeutic agents for targeting K-Ras pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswati Karmakar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Garima Kaushik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Neo SH, Chung KY, Quek JM, Too HP. Trehalose significantly enhances the recovery of serum and serum exosomal miRNA from a paper-based matrix. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16686. [PMID: 29192155 PMCID: PMC5709463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The preservation of nucleic acids from clinical samples is critical to facilitate accurate molecular diagnosis. The use of a paper matrix, Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) Elute cards, to archive DNA and viral RNA is well-documented. However, the feasibility of FTA Elute cards for archiving serum and serum exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) remains unclear. Here, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of FTA Elute cards for miRNA storage and recovery in different pre-analytical conditions. The recovery of serum miRNA dry-spotted on FTA Elute cards by direct elution with water at high temperature was poor. However, serum miRNAs dry-spotted on the cards were isolated with about 40% yield when using QIAzol lysis reagent and recovery was improved remarkably (>80%) upon extraction from cards pre-treated with trehalose. miRNAs stored on the cards remained stable at room temperature and can be kept for prolonged periods. Furthermore, miRNAs could be similarly recovered from serum exosomes dry-spotted on the cards. Importantly, when using sera from gastric cancer (GC) patients, the miRNAs were efficiently recovered from trehalose pre-treated cards without affecting their representation. Collectively, we have demonstrated the potential of FTA Elute cards to archive serum and serum exosomal miRNAs, making it useful for biomarker discovery and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hui Neo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore.
| | - Ka Yan Chung
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Jia Min Quek
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Heng-Phon Too
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Block MD7, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
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Liu C, Fu X, Zhong Z, Zhang J, Mou H, Wu Q, Sheng T, Huang B, Zou Y. CHD1L Expression Increases Tumor Progression and Acts as a Predictive Biomarker for Poor Prognosis in Pancreatic Cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2017. [PMID: 28646284 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chromodomain helicase/ATPase DNA binding protein 1-like gene (CHD1L) plays a key role in controlling various cellular phenomena, including immune-mediated inflammation, transformation, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and proliferation. METHODS This study investigated the function and clinical significance of CHD1L protein expression in pancreatic cancer (PC). We analyzed CHD1L expression in surgical specimens from 112 PC patients. The correlation between the clinical characteristics and prognosis was also determined. Futhermore, cell proliferation were measured using EDU, and a molecular mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin pathway regulation by CHD1L was explored. RESULT CHD1L protein expression was significantly higher in PC patients with regard to the tumor grade, stage, size, differentiation and lymph node status. Increased CHD1L protein expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival. Multivariate analyses revealed that high CHD1L expression was an independent predictive marker for the recurrence and poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, silencing of CHD1L expression by RNAi effectively abolished the proliferative abilities of CHD1L in vivo and in vitro. We found that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway contributed to the effect of CHD1L-mediated pancreatic cancer proliferation. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data provide a novel evidence for the biological and clinical significance of CHD1L as a potential biomarker, and we demonstrate that CHD1L-Wnt/β-catenin might be a novel pathway involved in pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min De Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiaowei Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min De Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min De Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min De Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Haiyan Mou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min De Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min De Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Tianle Sheng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min De Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min De Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Yeqing Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Min De Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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