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Kim D, Kyung J, Park D, Choi EK, Kim KS, Shin K, Lee H, Shin IS, Kang SK, Ra JC, Kim YB. Health Span-Extending Activity of Human Amniotic Membrane- and Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in F344 Rats. Stem Cells Transl Med 2015; 4:1144-54. [PMID: 26315571 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Aging brings about the progressive decline in cognitive function and physical activity, along with losses of stem cell population and function. Although transplantation of muscle-derived stem/progenitor cells extended the health span and life span of progeria mice, such effects in normal animals were not confirmed. Human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMMSCs) or adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) (1×10(6) cells per rat) were intravenously transplanted to 10-month-old male F344 rats once a month throughout their lives. Transplantation of AMMSCs and ADMSCs improved cognitive and physical functions of naturally aging rats, extending life span by 23.4% and 31.3%, respectively. The stem cell therapy increased the concentration of acetylcholine and recovered neurotrophic factors in the brain and muscles, leading to restoration of microtubule-associated protein 2, cholinergic and dopaminergic nervous systems, microvessels, muscle mass, and antioxidative capacity. The results indicate that repeated transplantation of AMMSCs and ADMSCs elongate both health span and life span, which could be a starting point for antiaging or rejuvenation effects of allogeneic or autologous stem cells with minimum immune rejection. SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates that repeated treatment with stem cells in normal animals has antiaging potential, extending health span and life span. Because antiaging and prolonged life span are issues currently of interest, these results are significant for readers and investigators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajeong Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangbeen Kyung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsun Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ehn-Kyoung Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Sei Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungha Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangyoung Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Seob Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Ra
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Bae Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Stem Cell Research Center, Biostar, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kumar R, Langer JC, Snoeck HW. Transforming growth factor-beta2 is involved in quantitative genetic variation in thymic involution. Blood 2005; 107:1974-9. [PMID: 16282338 PMCID: PMC1895709 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-04-1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms regulating thymic involution are unclear. In inbred mouse strains the rate of thymic involution and the function of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment are subject to quantitative genetic variation. We have shown previously that transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) is a genetically determined positive regulator of HSCs. Here, we demonstrate that genetic variation in the rate of thymic involution correlates with genetic variation in the responsiveness of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to TGF-beta2. Corroborating these correlations, thymic cellularity and peripheral naive T-cell frequency were higher in old Tgfb2+/- mice than in wild-type littermates. The frequency of early T-cell precursors was increased in Tgfb2+/- mice, suggesting that TGF-beta2 affects the earliest stages of T-cell development in old mice. Reciprocal transplantation experiments indicated that TGF-beta2 expressed both in the (micro)environment and in the hematopoietic system can accelerate thymic involution; however, the age of the stem cells appeared irrelevant. Thus, although thymic involution is largely determined by the aged environment, TGF-beta2 plays a major modulatory role that is subject to genetic variation and is possibly mediated through its regulatory effects on early hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Kumar
- Department of Cell and Gene Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Box 1496, Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Henckaerts E, Langer JC, Orenstein J, Snoeck HW. The Positive Regulatory Effect of TGF-β2 on Primitive Murine Hemopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Is Dependent on Age, Genetic Background, and Serum Factors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 173:2486-93. [PMID: 15294963 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.4.2486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TGF-beta is considered a negative regulator of hemopoietic stem and progenitor cells. We have previously shown that one TGF-beta isoform, TGF-beta2, is, in fact, a positive regulator of murine hemopoietic stem cell function in vivo. In vitro, TGF-beta2, but not TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3, had a biphasic dose response on the proliferation of purified lin-Sca1(++)kit(+) (LSK) cells, with a stimulatory effect at low concentrations, which was subject to mouse strain-dependent variation. In this study we report that the stimulatory effect of TGF-beta2 on the proliferation of LSK cells increases with age and after replicative stress in C57BL/6, but not in DBA/2, mice. The age-related changes in the TGF-beta2 effect correlated with life span in BXD recombinant strains. The stimulatory effect of TGF-beta2 on the proliferation of LSK cells requires one or more nonprotein, low m.w. factors present in fetal calf and mouse sera. The activity of this factor(s) in mouse serum increases with age. Taken together, our data suggest a role for TGF-beta2 and as yet unknown serum factors in the aging of the hemopoietic stem cell compartment and possibly in organismal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Els Henckaerts
- Carl C. Icahn Center for Gene Therapy and Molecular Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Pinto A, De Filippi R, Frigeri F, Corazzelli G, Normanno N. Aging and the hemopoietic system. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2003; 48:S3-S12. [PMID: 14563515 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2003.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While increasing numbers of elderly patients are expected to require chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in the future, the application of standard-dose chemotherapy in unselected cohorts of older patients usually results in a higher rate of life-threatening myelosuppression and treatment-related deaths compared to young individuals treated with the same chemotherapy regimens. The biologic mechanisms underlying reduced tolerance to chemotherapy of the hemopoietic system in older individuals are still poorly understood. Unveiling such mechanisms therefore represents a fundamental issue to ameliorate chemotherapy strategies for older cancer patients. Current evidence suggests that aging-related bone marrow changes are rather subtle and most probably irrelevant for the hemopoietic function of normal older individuals. These changes, however, may become clinically evident under conditions of severe hemopoietic stress such as the administration of repeated courses of chemo-radiotherapy. The mechanisms underlying age-dependent decline in the hematopoietic reserve are not fully clarified and probably involve age-associated changes in the stem and progenitor cells compartments which may ultimately lead to a reduced ability of recovery from hematologic stress. Age-related changes in endogenous anti-tumor immune responses also need to be accounted for in the aim of managing residual disease in elderly cancer patients treated with effective chemo-radiotherapy. Since dendritic cells (DCs) generated from older individuals appear fully functional, dendritic cell-based immunotherapy may represent an important tool to treat residual disease in aged cancer patients. While it is clearly established that primary prophylaxis with hemopoietic growth factors currently enables a large fraction of older cancer patients to receive appropriate chemotherapy, innovative strategies in the use of such growth factors may allow time-intensification of standard-dose chemotherapy for treating chemosensitive tumors, i.e. non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs), occurring in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pinto
- Hematology/Oncology Unit, National Cancer Institute, INT Fondazione "Pascale", IRCCS, Via M. Semmola, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
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Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive decline in the functional reserve of multiple organ systems, which may lead to enhanced susceptibility to stress such as that caused by cancer chemotherapy. Myelodepression is the most common and the most commonly fatal complication of antineoplastic drug therapy and may represent a serious hindrance to the management of cancer in older individuals. This is already a common and pervasive problem and promises to become more so. Currently 60% of all neoplasms occur in persons aged 65 years and older, and this percentage is expected to increase as the population ages. This well-known phenomenon, sometimes referred to as squaring or the age pyramid, is caused by the combination of an increasing life expectancy and a decreasing birth rate. This article explores the use of hematopoietic growth factors in the older cancer patient after reviewing the influence of age on hemopoiesis and chemotherapy-related complications. The issue is examined in terms of effectiveness and cost. An outline of the assessment of the older cancer patient is provided at the end of the chapter as a frame of reference for clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Balducci
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Oncology and Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
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