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Chokshi K, Pancha I, Trivedi K, Maurya R, Ghosh A, Mishra S. Physiological responses of the green microalga Acutodesmus dimorphus to temperature induced oxidative stress conditions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 170:462-473. [PMID: 32812254 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is the most critical factor that directly affects the physiological functioning and metabolic activities of any organism. With rising global temperature, understanding the heat stress response of an organism is critically important. In the present study, we investigated differences in the early changes occurring upon heat stress in the green microalga Acutodesmus dimorphus, a potential strain for biofuel production. The cells were heat-stressed at 45 and 50°C for 24 h and the temporal response of cells in terms of growth, pigments content, levels of oxidative stress biomarkers i.e., reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the response of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant scavengers were evaluated. The results revealed that after 24 h of heat stress at 45°C, the accumulations of chlorophyll a and carotenoids remained stable; all three ROS increased with the higher activities of various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. On the contrary, at a higher temperature of 50°C, the accumulations of chlorophyll a, carotenoids and non-enzymatic antioxidants reduced drastically while the accumulations of all three ROS and the response of enzymatic antioxidants were significantly higher than those at 45°C. These results suggest that the cells utilize several stress acclimatization mechanisms to cope up the heat stress. There was a dramatic difference in the physiological changes and cellular antioxidant mechanism upon heat stress at 45 and 50°C. The cellular defense response of A. dimorphus gets impaired after heat stress at 50°C but remains active at 45°C, exhibiting the heat resistance and, thus, the thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaumeel Chokshi
- Division of Applied Phycology & Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Imran Pancha
- Division of Applied Phycology & Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
- Department of Biology, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, 522502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Khanjan Trivedi
- Division of Applied Phycology & Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rahulkumar Maurya
- Division of Applied Phycology & Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Arup Ghosh
- Division of Applied Phycology & Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sandhya Mishra
- Division of Applied Phycology & Biotechnology, CSIR - Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar, 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Analysis of Phaseolus vulgaris gene expression related to oxidative stress response under short-term cadmium stress and relationship to cellular H2O2. Biologia (Bratisl) 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kar M. Determination of the expression level of stress-related genes in Cicer arietinum root cell under Cd stress and the relationship to H 2O 2 concentrations. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:1087-1094. [PMID: 29992399 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, stress-related gene expression levels and the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which are oxidative stress markers, were investigated in the chickpea (Cicer arietinum) plant's roots that are exposed to cadmium (Cd). MDA and H2O2 concentrations showed a linear increase. It was found that metallothionein-like gene (MT2) stress genes had a high level of expression at the 12-h application, while the kinetics of expression levels of glutathione reductase (GR1) and superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn/SOD) genes increased until 24 h of application with a decrease in expression levels by 48 h of application. It has been observed that catalase (CAT) continues to be expressed at 24 and 48 h of Cd exposure. This study found that the expression of stress-related genes can be related to the oxidative status of the cell and the H2O2 concentration in the mechanism of signalization. This may up-regulate the expression of the stress genes until a certain concentration degree, while a higher concentration of H2O2 may down-regulate the gene expressions. The findings of this study may contribute to further oxidative signalling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Kar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science and Arts Faculty, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevşehir, Turkey.
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Serrano I, Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM, Olmedilla A. The role of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in programmed cell death associated with self-incompatibility. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:2827-37. [PMID: 25750430 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Successful sexual reproduction often relies on the ability of plants to recognize self- or genetically-related pollen and prevent pollen tube growth soon after germination in order to avoid self-fertilization. Angiosperms have developed different reproductive barriers, one of the most extended being self-incompatibility (SI). With SI, pistils are able to reject self or genetically-related pollen thus promoting genetic variability. There are basically two distinct systems of SI: gametophytic (GSI) and sporophytic (SSI) based on their different molecular and genetic control mechanisms. In both types of SI, programmed cell death (PCD) has been found to play an important role in the rejection of self-incompatible pollen. Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) were initially recognized as toxic metabolic products, in recent years, a new role for ROS has become apparent: the control and regulation of biological processes such as growth, development, response to biotic and abiotic environmental stimuli, and PCD. Together with ROS, nitric oxide (NO) has become recognized as a key regulator of PCD. PCD is an important mechanism for the controlled elimination of targeted cells in both animals and plants. The major focus of this review is to discuss how ROS and NO control male-female cross-talk during fertilization in order to trigger PCD in self-incompatible pollen, providing a highly effective way to prevent self-fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Serrano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Adela Olmedilla
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada, Spain
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Abstract
Peroxisomes are very dynamic and metabolically active organelles and are a very important source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), H2O2, O2 (.-) and · OH, which are mainly produced in different metabolic pathways, including fatty acid β-oxidation, photorespiration, nucleic acid and polyamine catabolism, ureide metabolism, etc. ROS were originally associated to oxygen toxicity; however, these reactive species also play a central role in the signaling network regulating essential processes in the cell. Peroxisomes have the capacity to rapidly produce and scavenge H2O2 and O2 (.-) which allows to regulate dynamic changes in ROS levels. This fact and the plasticity of these organelles, which allows adjusting their metabolism depending on different developmental and environmental cues, makes these organelles play a central role in cellular signal transduction. The use of catalase and glycolate oxidase loss-of-function mutants has allowed to study the consequences of changes in the levels of endogenous H2O2 in peroxisomes and has improved our knowledge of the transcriptomic profile of genes regulated by peroxisomal ROS. It is now known that peroxisomal ROS participate in more complex signaling networks involving calcium, hormones, and redox homeostasis which finally determine the response of plants to their environment.
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