Jatho A, Cambia JM, Myung SK. Consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
Public Health Nutr 2021;
24:6122-6136. [PMID:
33691824 PMCID:
PMC11148581 DOI:
10.1017/s136898002100104x]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
There remain inconclusive findings from previous observational epidemiological studies on whether consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks (ASSD) increases the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. We investigated the associations between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of GI cancer using a meta-analysis.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
SETTING
PubMed and EMBASE were searched using keywords until May 2020 to identify observational epidemiological studies on the association between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of GI cancer.
SUBJECTS
Twenty-one case-control studies and seventeen cohort studies with 12 397 cancer cases and 2 474 452 controls.
RESULTS
In the random-effects meta-analysis of all the studies, consumption of ASSD was not significantly associated with the risk of overall GI cancer (OR/relative risk (RR), 1·02; 95 % CI, 0·92, 1·14). There was no significant association between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of overall GI cancer in the subgroup meta-analyses by study design (case-control studies: OR, 0·95; 95 % CI, 0·82, 1·11; cohort studies: RR, 1·14; 95 % CI, 0·97, 1·33). In the subgroup meta-analysis by type of cancer, consumption of ASSD was significantly associated with the increased risk of liver cancer (OR/RR, 1·28; 95 % CI, 1·03, 1·58).
CONCLUSIONS
The current meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies suggests that overall, there is no significant association between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of GI cancer.
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