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Zhang Z, Gao Z, Fang H, Zhao Y, Xing R. Therapeutic importance and diagnostic function of circRNAs in urological cancers: from metastasis to drug resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:867-888. [PMID: 38252399 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a member of non-coding RNAs with no ability in encoding proteins and their aberrant dysregulation is observed in cancers. Their closed-loop structure has increased their stability, and they are reliable biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. Urological cancers have been responsible for high mortality and morbidity worldwide, and developing new strategies in their treatment, especially based on gene therapy, is of importance since these malignant diseases do not respond to conventional therapies. In the current review, three important aims are followed. At the first step, the role of circRNAs in increasing or decreasing the progression of urological cancers is discussed, and the double-edged sword function of them is also highlighted. At the second step, the interaction of circRNAs with molecular targets responsible for urological cancer progression is discussed, and their impact on molecular processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, EMT, and MMPs is highlighted. Finally, the use of circRNAs as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of urological cancer patients is discussed to translate current findings in the clinic for better treatment of patients. Furthermore, since circRNAs can be transferred to tumor via exosomes and the interactions in tumor microenvironment provided by exosomes such as between macrophages and cancer cells is of importance in cancer progression, a separate section has been devoted to the role of exosomal circRNAs in urological tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China.
| | - Zhixu Gao
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Huimin Fang
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Yutang Zhao
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Rong Xing
- Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
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2
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Arshad F, Naikoo GA, Hassan IU, Chava SR, El-Tanani M, Aljabali AA, Tambuwala MM. Bioinspired and Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Medical Applications: A Green Perspective. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3636-3669. [PMID: 37668757 PMCID: PMC11166857 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess unmatched chemical, biological, and physical properties that make them unique compounds as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer agents. With the increasing drug resistance, AgNPs serve as promising entities for targeted drug therapy against several bacterial, fungal, and viral components. In addition, AgNPs also serve as successful anticancer agents against several cancers, including breast, prostate, and lung cancers. Several works in recent years have been done towards the development of AgNPs by using plant extracts like flowers, leaves, bark, root, stem, and whole plant parts. The green method of AgNP synthesis thus has several advantages over chemical and physical methods, especially the low cost of synthesis, no toxic byproducts, eco-friendly production pathways, can be easily regenerated, and the bio-reducing potential of plant derived nanoparticles. Furthermore, AgNPs are biocompatible and do not harm normally functioning human or host cells. This review provides an exhaustive overview and potential of green synthesized AgNPs that can be used as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and anticancer agents. After a brief introduction, we discussed the recent studies on the development of AgNPs from different plant extracts, including leaf parts, seeds, flowers, stems, bark, root, and whole plants. In the following section, we highlighted the different therapeutic actions of AgNPs against various bacteria, fungi, viruses, and cancers, including breast, prostate, and lung cancers. We then highlighted the general mechanism of action of AgNPs. The advantages of the green synthesis method over chemical and physical methods were then discussed in the article. Finally, we concluded the review by providing future perspectives on this promising field in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeha Arshad
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Salalah, PC 211, Oman
| | - Gowhar A Naikoo
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, College of Arts and Applied Sciences, Dhofar University, Salalah, PC 211, Oman.
| | - Israr U Hassan
- College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah, PC 211, Oman
| | | | - Mohamed El-Tanani
- College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool Campus, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK.
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3
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Ye N, Wang Y, Jiang P, Jiang H, Ding W, Zhang Z, Xi C. Hypoxia-induced the upregulation of NDUFA4L2 promoted colon adenocarcinoma progression through ROS-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway. Cytotechnology 2023; 75:461-472. [PMID: 37841958 PMCID: PMC10575837 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-023-00590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex 4-like 2 (NDUFA4L2) gene has been reported to be upregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) and is associated with worse prognosis. However, the specific function and underlying mechanism of NDUFA4L2 in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) under hypoxia has never been investigated. Our study discovered that hypoxia promoted the viability, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of COAD cells. Besides, hypoxia-induced HIF-1α upregulated the expression of NDUFA4L2 which served as an oncogene and an independent diagnostic and prognostic marker in COAD. Under hypoxic environment, NDUFA4L2 mediated the viability, metastasis, and epithelial-EMT of COAD cells. Additionally, the ROS-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling was activated by NDUFA4L2 in COAD in hypoxia and NDUFA4L2 facilitated the malignant behaviors of hypoxia-treated COAD cells by elevating ROS production. Collectively, abundant NDUFA4L2 expression induced by HIF-1α under hypoxia promoted the development of COAD through activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling in a ROS-dependent manner, indicating NDUFA4L2 as a promising target in COAD diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianyuan Ye
- Department of Oncology, Wujin People Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, and Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No.2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213000 Jiangsu China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Department of Oncology, Wujin People Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, and Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No.2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213000 Jiangsu China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Wujin People Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, and Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No.2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213000 Jiangsu China
| | - Huaji Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Wujin People Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, and Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No.2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213000 Jiangsu China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Oncology, Wujin People Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, and Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No.2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213000 Jiangsu China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wujin People Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, and Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No.2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213000 Jiangsu China
| | - Cheng Xi
- Department of Oncology, Wujin People Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, and Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, No.2 Yongning North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou, 213000 Jiangsu China
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4
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Sanya DRA, Onésime D. Roles of non-coding RNAs in the metabolism and pathogenesis of bladder cancer. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00915-5. [PMID: 37209205 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is featured as the second most common malignancy of the urinary tract worldwide with few treatments leading to high incidence and mortality. It stayed a virtually intractable disease, and efforts to identify innovative and effective therapies are urgently needed. At present, more and more evidence shows the importance of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) for disease-related study, diagnosis, and treatment of diverse types of malignancies. Recent evidence suggests that dysregulated functions of ncRNAs are closely associated with the pathogenesis of numerous cancers including BC. The detailed mechanisms underlying the dysregulated role of ncRNAs in cancer progression are still not fully understood. This review mainly summarizes recent findings on regulatory mechanisms of the ncRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs, in cancer progression or suppression and focuses on the predictive values of ncRNAs-related signatures in BC clinical outcomes. A deeper understanding of the ncRNA interactive network could be compelling framework for developing biomarker-guided clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ruben Akiola Sanya
- Micalis Institute, Diversité génomique et fonctionnelle des levures, domaine de Vilvert, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Djamila Onésime
- Micalis Institute, Diversité génomique et fonctionnelle des levures, domaine de Vilvert, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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5
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Anand AS, Jain K, Chauhan A, Prasad DN, Kohli E. Zinc oxide nanoparticles trigger dysfunction of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and repair dynamics in human alveolar cells. Toxicol Ind Health 2023; 39:127-137. [PMID: 36680355 DOI: 10.1177/07482337231152956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) are commonly used engineered NPs with extensive usage in consumer products, thus leading to direct exposure to humans. The direct route of exposure is through inhalation. Once inhaled, these particles accumulate in the lungs, increasing the chances of respiratory tract illness through cellular organelle damage. Zinc oxide nanoparticle-treated lung cells are reported to display cytotoxicity, increase DNA damage, and induce oxidative stress. The current study focused on the effects of ZnO NPs on mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion) in human lung epithelial cells (A549). The lung cells were exposed to ZnO NPs at 50 and 100 μg/ml concentrations, and their mitochondrial dynamics were assessed to understand the effects of the NPs. Treatment with ZnO NPs reduced the activity of mitochondrial complex I and complex III and altered mitochondrial structural and functional characteristics in a concentration-dependent manner. Zinc oxide nanoparticles exposure showed an increase in small and round-shaped mitochondria. The expression of various fission proteins (Drp1 and Fis1) and fusion proteins (Mfn1, Mfn2, and OPA1) was altered upon exposure to ZnO NPs. Our studies showed dysfunction of the mitochondria induced by ZnO NPs. In fibroblast mitochondrial dynamics, fission symbolizes threshold damage. In this paper, we have shown that the mitochondrial fission phenotype increased upon exposure to ZnO NPs. The paper emphasizes that these particles enter mitochondria, triggering a stress response that results in the removal of mitochondria via fission. It provides relevant data for safety guidelines to ensure the safer use of these particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avnika Singh Anand
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Khushbu Jain
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Amitabh Chauhan
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Dipti N Prasad
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Ekta Kohli
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Timarpur, Delhi, India
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Kolarikova M, Hosikova B, Dilenko H, Barton-Tomankova K, Valkova L, Bajgar R, Malina L, Kolarova H. Photodynamic therapy: Innovative approaches for antibacterial and anticancer treatments. Med Res Rev 2023. [PMID: 36757198 DOI: 10.1002/med.21935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is an alternative treatment mainly for cancer but also for bacterial infections. This treatment dates back to 1900 when a German medical school graduate Oscar Raab found a photodynamic effect while doing research for his doctoral dissertation with Professor Hermann von Tappeiner. Unexpectedly, Raab revealed that the toxicity of acridine on paramecium depends on the intensity of light in his laboratory. Photodynamic therapy is therefore based on the administration of a photosensitizer with subsequent light irradiation within the absorption maxima of this substance followed by reactive oxygen species formation and finally cell death. Although this treatment is not a novelty, there is an endeavor for various modifications to the therapy. For example, selectivity and efficiency of the photosensitizer, as well as irradiation with various types of light sources are still being modified to improve final results of the photodynamic therapy. The main aim of this review is to summarize anticancer and antibacterial modifications, namely various compounds, approaches, and techniques, to enhance the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Kolarikova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hosikova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hanna Dilenko
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Barton-Tomankova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Valkova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Bajgar
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Malina
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolarova
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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7
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Poot E, Maguregui A, Brunton VG, Sieger D, Hulme AN. Targeting Glioblastoma through Nano- and Micro-particle-Mediated Immune Modulation. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 72:116913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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8
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Vulczak A, Alberici LC. Physical Exercise and Tumor Energy Metabolism. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022; 32:100600. [PMID: 35811248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2022.100600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evidence supports the antitumoral effects of physical activity, either in experimental animal models or humans. However, the biological mechanisms by which physical exercise modulates tumoral development are still unclear. An important feature of the tumor cells is the altered energy metabolism, often associated with definitions of tumor aggressiveness. Nevertheless, exercise can cause global metabolic changes in the body, as well as modulate tumor metabolism. Here we specifically discuss the metabolic changes found in tumors and how exercise can contribute to anti-tumoral effects by modulating the mitochondrial function, and tricarboxylic acid cycle-related metabolites of cancer cells. The effect of physical exercise on tumor metabolism is a new possibility for comprehension of cancer biology and developing therapies focused on tumor energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Vulczak
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto - University of Sao Paulo, RibeirãoPreto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Carla Alberici
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto - University of Sao Paulo, RibeirãoPreto, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Thongboonkerd V, Chaiyarit S. Gel-Based and Gel-Free Phosphoproteomics to Measure and Characterize Mitochondrial Phosphoproteins. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e390. [PMID: 35275445 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrion is a key intracellular organelle regulating metabolic processes, oxidative stress, energy production, calcium homeostasis, and cell survival. Protein phosphorylation plays an important role in regulating mitochondrial functions and cellular signaling pathways. Dysregulation of protein phosphorylation status can cause protein malfunction and abnormal signal transduction, leading to organ dysfunction and disease. Investigating the mitochondrial phosphoproteins is therefore crucial to better understand the molecular and pathogenic mechanisms of many metabolic disorders. Conventional analyses of phosphoproteins, for instance, via western blotting, can be done only for proteins for which specific antibodies to their phosphorylated forms are available. Moreover, such an approach is not suitable for large-scale study of phosphoproteins. Currently, proteomics represents an important tool for large-scale analysis of proteins and their post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation. Here, we provide step-by-step protocols for the proteomics analysis of mitochondrial phosphoproteins (the phosphoproteome), using renal tubular cells as an example. These protocols include methods to effectively isolate mitochondria and to validate the efficacy of mitochondrial enrichment as well as its purity. We also provide detailed protocols for performing both gel-based and gel-free phosphoproteome analyses. The gel-based analysis involves two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and phosphoprotein-specific staining, followed by protein identification via mass spectrometry, whereas the gel-free approach is based on in-solution mass spectrometric identification of specific phosphorylation sites and residues. In all, these approaches allow large-scale analyses of mitochondrial phosphoproteins that can be applied to other cells and tissues of interest. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Mitochondrial isolation/purification from renal tubular cells Support Protocol: Validation of enrichment efficacy and purity of mitochondrial isolation Basic Protocol 2: Gel-based phosphoproteome analysis Basic Protocol 3: Gel-free phosphoproteome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Panchangam RL, Rao RN, Balamurali MM, Hingamire TB, Shanmugam D, Manickam V, Chanda K. Antitumor Effects of Ir(III)-2 H-Indazole Complexes for Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17593-17607. [PMID: 34767343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we have synthesized a series of novel C,N-cyclometalated 2H-indazole-ruthenium(II) and -iridium(III) complexes with varying substituents (H, CH3, isopropyl, and CF3) in the R4 position of the phenyl ring of the 2H-indazole chelating ligand. All of the complexes were characterized by 1H, 13C, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The methyl-substituted 2H-indazole-Ir(III) complex was further characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The cytotoxic activity of new ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) compounds has been evaluated in a panel of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) and colon cancer cell line HCT-116 to investigate their structure-activity relationships. Most of these new complexes have shown appreciable activity, comparable to or significantly better than that of cisplatin in TNBC cell lines. R4 substitution of the phenyl ring of the 2H-indazole ligand with methyl and isopropyl substituents showed increased potency in ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) complexes compared to that of their parent compounds in all cell lines. These novel transition metal-based complexes exhibited high specificity toward cancer cells by inducing alterations in the metabolism and proliferation of cancer cells. In general, iridium complexes are more active than the corresponding ruthenium complexes. The new Ir(III)-2H-indazole complex with an isopropyl substituent induced mitochondrial damage by generating large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which triggered mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis in TNBC cell line MDA-MB-468. Moreover, this complex also induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and inhibited cellular migration of TNBC cells. Our findings reveal the key roles of the novel C-N-cyclometalated 2H-indazole-Ir(III) complex to specifically induce toxicity in cancer cell lines through contributing effects of ROS-induced mitochondrial disruption along with chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA target inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeeva Lochana Panchangam
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Ramdas Nishanth Rao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Musuvathi Motilal Balamurali
- Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai Campus, Chennai 600127, India
| | - Tejashri B Hingamire
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dhanasekaran Shanmugam
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Venkatraman Manickam
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Kaushik Chanda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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Cargill KR, Hasken WL, Gay CM, Byers LA. Alternative Energy: Breaking Down the Diverse Metabolic Features of Lung Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:757323. [PMID: 34745994 PMCID: PMC8566922 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.757323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer initiation, progression, and relapse. From the initial observation that cancer cells preferentially ferment glucose to lactate, termed the Warburg effect, to emerging evidence indicating that metabolic heterogeneity and mitochondrial metabolism are also important for tumor growth, the complex mechanisms driving cancer metabolism remain vastly unknown. These unique shifts in metabolism must be further investigated in order to identify unique therapeutic targets for individuals afflicted by this aggressive disease. Although novel therapies have been developed to target metabolic vulnerabilities in a variety of cancer models, only limited efficacy has been achieved. In particular, lung cancer metabolism has remained relatively understudied and underutilized for the advancement of therapeutic strategies, however recent evidence suggests that lung cancers have unique metabolic preferences of their own. This review aims to provide an overview of essential metabolic mechanisms and potential therapeutic agents in order to increase evidence of targeted metabolic inhibition for the treatment of lung cancer, where novel therapeutics are desperately needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lauren A. Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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12
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Adlimoghaddam A, Odero GG, Glazner G, Turner RS, Albensi BC. Nilotinib Improves Bioenergetic Profiling in Brain Astroglia in the 3xTg Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Aging Dis 2021; 12:441-465. [PMID: 33815876 PMCID: PMC7990369 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatments targeting amyloid beta in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have minimal efficacy, which results in a huge unmet medical need worldwide. Accumulating data suggest that brain mitochondrial dysfunction play a critical role in AD pathogenesis. Targeting cellular mechanisms associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in AD create a novel approach for drug development. This study investigated the effects of nilotinib, as a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in astroglia derived from 3xTg-AD mice versus their C57BL/6-controls. Parameters included oxygen consumption rates (OCR), ATP, cytochrome c oxidase (COX), citrate synthase (CS) activity, alterations in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), key regulators of mitochondrial dynamics (mitofusin (Mfn1), dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)), and mitochondrial biogenesis (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator1-alpha (PGC-1α), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)). Nilotinib increased OCR, ATP, COX, Mfn1, and OXPHOS levels in 3xTg astroglia. No significant differences were detected in levels of Drp1 protein and CS activity. Nilotinib enhanced mitochondrial numbers, potentially through a CaMKII-PGC1α-Nrf2 pathway in 3xTg astroglia. Additionally, nilotinib-induced OCR increases were reduced in the presence of the NF-κB inhibitor, Bay11-7082. The data suggest that NF-κB signaling is intimately involved in nilotinib-induced changes in bioenergetics in 3xTg brain astroglia. Nilotinib increased translocation of the NF-κB p50 subunit into the nucleus of 3xTg astroglia that correlates with an increased expression and activation of NF-κB. The current findings support a role for nilotinib in improving mitochondrial function and suggest that astroglia may be a key therapeutic target in treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Adlimoghaddam
- 1Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Gary G Odero
- 1Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Gordon Glazner
- 1Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,2Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - R Scott Turner
- 3Department of Neurology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Benedict C Albensi
- 1Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,2Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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13
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Circular RNA circGLIS3 promotes bladder cancer proliferation via the miR-1273f/SKP1/Cyclin D1 axis. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 38:129-146. [PMID: 33656636 PMCID: PMC8789643 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09591-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research confirmed that circRNA can play a regulatory role in various stages of tumors by interacting with various molecules. Identifying the differentially expressed circRNA in bladder cancer and exploring its regulatory mechanism on bladder cancer progression are urgent. In this study, we screened out a circRNA-circGLIS3 with a significant upregulation trend in both bladder cancer tissues and cells. Bioinformatics prediction results showed that circGLIS3 may be involved in multiple tumor-related pathways. Function gain and loss experiments verified circGLIS3 can affect the proliferation, migration, and invasion of bladder cancer cells in vitro. Moreover, silencing circGLIS3 inhibited bladder cancer cell growth in vivo. Subsequent research results indicated circGLIS3 regulated the expression of cyclin D1, a cell cycle–related protein, and cell cycle progression. Mechanically, circGLIS3 upregulates the expression of SKP1 by adsorbing miR-1273f and then promotes cyclin D1 expression, ultimately promoting the proliferation of bladder cancer cells. In summary, our study indicates that circGLIS3 plays an oncogene role in the development of bladder cancer and has potential to be a candidate for bladder cancer.
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14
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Padder RA, Bhat ZI, Ahmad Z, Singh N, Husain M. DRP1 Promotes BRAF V600E-Driven Tumor Progression and Metabolic Reprogramming in Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:592130. [PMID: 33738242 PMCID: PMC7961078 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.592130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles which remain in a continuous state of fission/ fusion dynamics to meet the metabolic needs of a cell. However, this fission/fusion dynamism has been reported to be dysregulated in most cancers. Such enhanced mitochondrial fission is demonstrated to be positively regulated by some activating oncogenic mutations; such as those of KRAS (Kristen rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue) or BRAF (B- rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma), thereby increasing tumor progression/ chemotherapeutic resistance and metabolic deregulation. However, the underlying mechanism(s) are still not clear, thus highlighting the need to further explore possible mechanism(s) of intervention. We sought to investigate how BRAFV600E driven CRC (colorectal cancer) progression is linked to mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics and whether this window could be exploited to target CRC progression. Methods Western blotting was employed to study the differences in expression levels of key proteins regulating mitochondrial dynamics, which was further confirmed by confocal microscopy imaging of mitochondria in endogenously expressing BRAFWT and BRAFV600E CRC cells. Proliferation assays, soft agar clonogenic assays, glucose uptake/lactate production, ATP/ NADPH measurement assays were employed to study the extent of carcinogenesis and metabolic reprograming in BRAFV600E CRC cells. Genetic knockdown (shRNA/ siRNA) and/or pharmacologic inhibition of Dynamin related protein1/Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase1 (DRP1/PDK1) and/or BRAFV600E were employed to study the involvement and possible mechanism of these proteins in BRAFV600E driven CRC. Statistical analyses were carried out using Graph Pad Prism v 5.0, data was analyzed by unpaired t-test and two-way ANOVA with appropriate post hoc tests. Results Our results demonstrate that BRAFV600E CRC cells have higher protein levels of mitochondrial fission factor- DRP1/pDRP1S616 leading to a more fragmented mitochondrial state compared to those harboring BRAFWT . This fragmented mitochondrial state was found to confer glycolytic phenotype, clonogenic potential and metastatic advantage to cells harboring BRAFV600E . Interestingly, such fragmented mitochondrial state seemed positively regulated by mitochondrial PDK1 as observed through pharmacologic as well as genetic inhibition of PDK1. Conclusion In conclusion, our data suggest that BRAFV600E driven colorectal cancers have fragmented mitochondria which confers glycolytic phenotype and growth advantage to these tumors, and such phenotype is dependent at least in part on PDK1- thus highlighting a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayees Ahmad Padder
- 409-Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Zafar Iqbal Bhat
- Department of Zoology, PMB Gujrati Science College, Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore, India
| | - Zaki Ahmad
- 409-Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Husain
- 409-Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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15
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Chaiyarit S, Thongboonkerd V. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Kidney Stone Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:566506. [PMID: 33192563 PMCID: PMC7606861 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.566506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrion is a pivotal intracellular organelle that plays crucial roles in regulation of energy production, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. Kidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis), particularly calcium oxalate (CaOx; the most common type), has been shown to be associated with oxidative stress and tissue inflammation/injury. Recent evidence has demonstrated the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in CaOx crystal retention and aggregation as well as Randall’s plaque formation, all of which are the essential mechanisms for kidney stone formation. This review highlights the important roles of mitochondria in renal cell functions and provides the data obtained from previous investigations of mitochondria related to kidney stone disease. In addition, mechanisms for the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of kidney stone disease are summarized. Finally, future perspectives on the novel approach to prevent kidney stone formation by mitochondrial preservation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakdithep Chaiyarit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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16
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Sharma A, Liaw K, Sharma R, Thomas AG, Slusher BS, Kannan S, Kannan RM. Targeting Mitochondria in Tumor-Associated Macrophages using a Dendrimer-Conjugated TSPO Ligand that Stimulates Antitumor Signaling in Glioblastoma. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3909-3922. [PMID: 32786523 PMCID: PMC8022998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria mediate critical cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and immune responses; as such, their dysfunction is pathogenic in many neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. In glioblastoma, targeted delivery of mitochondria-focused anticancer therapies has failed to translate into clinical success due to the nonspecific cellular localization, heterogeneity of receptor expression across patients, poor transport across biological barriers to reach the brain, tumor, and mitochondria, and systemic side effects. Strategies that can overcome brain and solid tumor barriers and selectively target mitochondria within specific cell types may lead to improvements in glioblastoma treatment. Developments in dendrimer-mediated nanomedicines have shown promise targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in glioblastoma, following systemic administration. Here, we present a novel dendrimer conjugated to the translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) ligand 5,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-α]pyrimidin-3-ylacetamide (DPA). We developed a clickable DPA for conjugation on the dendrimer surface and demonstrated in vitro that the dendrimer-DPA conjugate (D-DPA) significantly increases dendrimer colocalization with mitochondria. Compared to free TSPO ligand PK11195, D-DPA stimulates greater antitumor immune signaling. In vivo, we show that D-DPA targets mitochondria specifically within TAMs following systemic administration. Our results demonstrate that dendrimers can achieve TAM-specific targeting in glioblastoma and can be further modified to target specific intracellular compartments for organelle-specific drug delivery.
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17
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Gu X, Shen C, Li H, Goldys EM, Deng W. X-ray induced photodynamic therapy (PDT) with a mitochondria-targeted liposome delivery system. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:87. [PMID: 32522291 PMCID: PMC7288491 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00644-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we constructed multifunctional liposomes with preferentially mitochondria-targeted feature and gold nanoparticles-assisted synergistic photodynamic therapy. We systemically investigated the in vitro X-ray triggered PDT effect of these liposomes on HCT 116 cells including the levels of singlet oxygen, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell apoptosis/necrosis and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. The results corroborated that synchronous action of PDT and X-ray radiation enhance the generation of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species produced from the engineered liposomes, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and increasing the levels of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefan Gu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, China.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.,Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Chao Shen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Hua Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, China
| | - Ewa M Goldys
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Wei Deng
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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18
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Zhou C, Lyu LH, Miao HK, Bahr T, Zhang QY, Liang T, Zhou HB, Chen GR, Bai Y. Redox regulation by SOD2 modulates colorectal cancer tumorigenesis through AMPK-mediated energy metabolism. Mol Carcinog 2020; 59:545-556. [PMID: 32149414 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy. Many reports have implicated aberrant mitochondrial activity in the progression of CRC, with particular emphasis on the dysregulation of redox signaling and oxidative stress. In this study, we focused on manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD/SOD2), a key antioxidant enzyme, which maintains intracellular redox homeostasis. Current literature presents conflicting mechanisms for how SOD2 influences tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Here, we explored the role of SOD2 in CRC specifically. We found high levels of SOD2 expression in CRC tissues. We carried out a series of experiments to determine whether knockdown of SOD2 expression in CRC cell lines would reverse features of tumorigenesis. We found that reduced SOD2 expression decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion activity in CRC cells. Results from an additional series of experiments on mitochondrial function implicated a dual role for SOD2 in promoting CRC progression. First, proper level of SOD2 helped CRC cells maintain mitochondrial function by disposal of superoxide (O2 .- ). Second, over-expression of SOD2 induced H2 O2 -mediated tumorigenesis by upregulating AMPK and glycolysis. Our results indicate that SOD2 may promote the occurrence and development of CRC by regulating the energy metabolism mediated by AMPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Hua Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui-Kai Miao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Tyler Bahr
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Qiong-Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Huai-Bin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Rong Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yidong Bai
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
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19
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Qu C, Zhu W, Dong K, Pan Z, Chen Y, Chen X, Liu X, Xu W, Lin H, Zheng Q, Li D. Inhibitory Effect of Hydroxysafflor Yellow B on the Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 14:187-197. [PMID: 31096897 DOI: 10.2174/1574891x14666190516102218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent patent has been issued for hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) as a drug to prevent blood circulation disorders. Hydroxysafflor yellow B (HSYB), an isomer of HSYA with antioxidative effects, has been isolated from the florets of Carthamus tinctorius. The effects of HSYB on the proliferation of cancer cells and its mechanism of action have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to investigate the anti-cancer effects and the molecular mechanism of HSYB for breast cancer MCF-7 cells. METHODS MTT assays and colony formation assays were used to assess the survival and proliferation of MCF-7 cells, respectively. Hoechst 33258 and flow cytometry were used to measure cell apoptosis and flow cytometry to determine effects on the cell cycle. Western blots were used to measure protein levels. RESULTS Treatment with HSYB reduced survival and proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HSYB arrested the MCF-7 cell cycle at the S phase and downregulated cyclin D1, cyclin E, and CDK2. Compared with a control group, HSYB suppressed the protein levels of p-PI3K, PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT in MCF-7 cells. In addition, HSYB decreased the levels of Bcl- 2, increased the levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9, and subsequently induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that HSYB arrests the MCF-7 cell cycle at the S phase and induces cell apoptosis. Patent US20170246228 indicates that HSYB can be potentially used for the prevention and treatment of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjun Qu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, 264000, Yantai, China
| | - Kaijie Dong
- Yantai Affiliated Hosptial of Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Zhaohai Pan
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Haiyan Lin
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China.,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Defang Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
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20
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Bao J, Li X, Li Y, Huang C, Meng X, Li J. MicroRNA-141-5p Acts as a Tumor Suppressor via Targeting RAB32 in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1545. [PMID: 32038235 PMCID: PMC6987442 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-141-5p (miR-141-5p), an important member of the miR-200 family, has been reported to be involved in cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance in different kinds of human malignant tumors. However, the role and function of miR-141-5p in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are unclear. In this current study, we found that the level of miR-141-5p was significantly decreased in peripheral blood cells from CML patients compared with normal blood cells and human leukemic cell line (K562 cells) compared with normal CD34+ cells, but was remarkably elevated in patients after treatment with nilotinib or imatinib. Suppression of miR-141-5p promoted K562 cell proliferation and migration in vitro. As expected, overexpression of miR-141-5p weakened K562 cell proliferation, migration, and promoted cell apoptosis. A xenograft model in nude mice showed that overexpression of miR-141-5p markedly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic studies suggested that RAB32 was the potential target of miR-141-5p, and silencing of RAB32 suppressed the proliferation and migration of K562 cells and promoted cell apoptosis. Taken together, our study demonstrates that miR-141-5p plays an important role in the activation of K562 cells in vitro and may act as a tumor suppressor via targeting RAB32 in the development of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoming Meng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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21
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Zhou JJ, Xiao Y, Li H, Wu CC, Chen DR, Chen L, Deng WW, Zhang WF, Sun ZJ. Overexpression of Malic Enzyme 2 Indicates Pathological and Clinical Significance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:799-806. [PMID: 32218701 PMCID: PMC7085265 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.43832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study investigated the expression of malic enzyme 2 (ME2) in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and associated pathological and clinical pattern. We demonstrated that human OSCC tissues expressed a high level of ME2, and the overexpression of ME2 is closely connected to a high pathological grade, lymphatic metastasis, large tumor size and human papillomavirus (HPV) (P < 0.001). Similarly, high levels of ME2 expression in OSCC tissue were shown to be correlated with poor prognosis (P < 0.05). The expression of ME2 was correlated with Slug, SOX2, and aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) immunoreactivity.ME2 was shown to be overexpressed in OSCC tissue and indicated a poor prognosis for OSCC. ME2 may be correlated with several immune markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong-Cong Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - De-Run Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-Wei Deng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Feng Zhang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China
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22
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Copy Number Variation in Tumor Cells and Extracellular DNA in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 167:771-778. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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23
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Léveillé M, Estall JL. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Transition from NASH to HCC. Metabolites 2019; 9:E233. [PMID: 31623280 PMCID: PMC6836234 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver constantly adapts to meet energy requirements of the whole body. Despite its remarkable adaptative capacity, prolonged exposure of liver cells to harmful environmental cues (such as diets rich in fat, sugar, and cholesterol) results in the development of chronic liver diseases (including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)) that can progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathogenesis of these diseases is extremely complex, multifactorial, and poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction or maladaptation contributes to detrimental effects on hepatocyte bioenergetics, reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and cell death leading to NASH and HCC. The present review highlights the potential contribution of altered mitochondria function to NASH-related HCC and discusses how agents targeting this organelle could provide interesting treatment strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Léveillé
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, QC H3G 2M1, Canada.
| | - Jennifer L Estall
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Quebec, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, QC H3G 2M1, Canada.
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
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24
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Bottoni P, Scatena R. The Tangled Mitochondrial Metabolism in Cancer: An Innovative Pharmacological Approach. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:2106-2117. [PMID: 31441723 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190823163009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are remarkably gaining significant and different pathogenic roles in cancer (i.e., to sustain specific metabolism, to activate signaling pathways, to promote apoptosis resistance, to favor cancer cell dissemination, and finally to facilitate genome instability). Interestingly, all these roles seem to be linked to the fundamental activity of mitochondria, i.e. oxidative metabolism. Intriguingly, a typical modification of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and reactive oxygen species production/ neutralization seems to have a central role in all these tangled pathogenic roles in cancer. On these bases, a careful understanding of the molecular relationships between cancer and mitochondria may represent a fundamental step to realize therapeutic approaches blocking the typical cancer progression. The main aim of this review is to stress some neglected aspects of oxidative mitochondrial metabolism of cancer cells to promote more translational research with diagnostic and therapeutic potential. METHODS We reviewed the available literature regarding clinical and experimental studies on various roles of mitochondria in cancer, with attention to the cancer cell mitochondrial metabolism. RESULTS Mitochondria are an important source of reactive oxygen species. Their toxic effects seem to increase in cancer cells. However, it is not clear if damage depends on ROS overproduction and/or defect in detoxification. Failure of both these processes is likely a critical component of the cancer process and is strictly related to the actual microenvironment of cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondria, also by ROS production, have a fundamental pathogenetic role in promoting and maintaining cancer and its spreading. To carefully understand the tangled redox state of cancer cells mitochondria represents a fundamental step to realize therapeutic approaches blocking the typical cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Bottoni
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Scatena
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Madre Giuseppina Vannini Hospital, Rome, Italy
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25
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Nagdas S, Kashatus JA, Nascimento A, Hussain SS, Trainor RE, Pollock SR, Adair SJ, Michaels AD, Sesaki H, Stelow EB, Bauer TW, Kashatus DF. Drp1 Promotes KRas-Driven Metabolic Changes to Drive Pancreatic Tumor Growth. Cell Rep 2019; 28:1845-1859.e5. [PMID: 31412251 PMCID: PMC6711191 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria undergo fission and fusion to maintain homeostasis, and tumors exhibit the dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics. We recently demonstrated that ectopic HRasG12V promotes mitochondrial fragmentation and tumor growth through Erk phosphorylation of the mitochondrial fission GTPase Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). However, the role of Drp1 in the setting of endogenous oncogenic KRas remains unknown. Here, we show that Drp1 is required for KRas-driven anchorage-independent growth in fibroblasts and patient-derived pancreatic cancer cell lines, and it promotes glycolytic flux, in part through the regulation of hexokinase 2 (HK2). Furthermore, Drp1 deletion imparts a significant survival advantage in a model of KRas-driven pancreatic cancer, and tumors exhibit a strong selective pressure against complete Drp1 deletion. Rare tumors that arise in the absence of Drp1 have restored glycolysis but exhibit defective mitochondrial metabolism. This work demonstrates that Drp1 plays dual roles in KRas-driven tumor growth: supporting both glycolysis and mitochondrial function through independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbajeet Nagdas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jennifer A Kashatus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Aldo Nascimento
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Syed S Hussain
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Riley E Trainor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Sarah R Pollock
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Sara J Adair
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Alex D Michaels
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Edward B Stelow
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Todd W Bauer
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - David F Kashatus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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Ma JT, Zhang XY, Cao R, Sun L, Jing W, Zhao JZ, Zhang SL, Huang LT, Han CB. Effects of Dynamin-related Protein 1 Regulated Mitochondrial Dynamic Changes on Invasion and Metastasis of Lung Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2019; 10:4045-4053. [PMID: 31417649 PMCID: PMC6692611 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Mitochondrial imbalance of division and fusion will lead to uncontrolled cell growth. This study investigated the effects of mitochondrial dynamics regulated by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) on the invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells at the cellular level. Methods: Lentivirus-mediated RNAi and gene overexpression vectors containing shDrp1 and Lv-Drp1 were transfected into lung adenocarcinoma cell lines 95D and A549, respectively. An MTT assay was used to assess cell viability and a cell clone assay was used to evaluate the tumorigenic ability of lentivirus-infected cells. Cell invasion and wound healing assays were used to assess cell invasiveness and the migration rate after lentivirus infection. Annexin V-APC staining was used to determine the cell apoptosis rate. Results: In 95D cells, when the Drp1 gene is overexpressed (OE) the proliferation rate and apoptosis rate were significantly higher than those in the control group (NCOE) (P < 0. 05). There was no significant difference in clone number, invasion rate, and migration rate between the two groups (P > 0. 05). The proliferation rate and clone number in the shDrp1 infected 95D cell group (KD) were significantly lower than those in the control group (NCKD) (P < 0. 05). There was no difference in apoptosis rate, invasion rate, and migration rate between h (P > 0.05). In A549 cells, unlike in 95D cells, the invasion rate of the KD group was 25% lower than that of the NCKD group (P < 0.05). After 8 hours, the cell migration rates of the two groups were basically the same, but after 24 hours, the migration rate of the KD group was 10% lower than that of the NCKD group (P < 0.05). Compared with the NCOE group, the migration rate of the OE group increased significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Mitochondrial Drp1 is associated with the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells. Inhibition of Drp1 expression may contribute to anti-tumor therapy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Tao Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Xiang-Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Jian-Zhu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Shu-Ling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Le-Tian Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
| | - Cheng-Bo Han
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110022, China
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Chai L, Yang G. MiR-216a-5p targets TCTN1 to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:46. [PMID: 31297133 PMCID: PMC6599256 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MiR-216a-5p has been reported to be associated with several tumors, including prostate cancer and melanoma. However, its expression level and potential role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain uncertain. Results Here, we found that miR-216a-5p expression was significantly down-regulated in clinical ESCC tissues and cells. Functional assays were performed to evaluate the biological effects of miR-216a-5p on cell proliferation and cell apoptosis by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry in ESCC cell lines, EC9706 and TE-9. The results showed that miR-216a-5p overexpression repressed cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Through bioinformatics prediction and luciferase reporter assay, we revealed that miR-216a-5p could directly target tectonic family member 1 (TCTN1). Moreover, TCTN1 was obviously suppressed by miR-216a-5p overexpression. In addition, TCTN1 expression was significantly increased and inversely correlated with the levels of miR-216a-5p in ESCC tissues. More importantly, down-regulation of TCTN1 imitated, while restoration of TCTN reversed the effects of miR-216a-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis. At the molecular level, we further found that TCTN1 overexpression reversed the effects of miR-216a-5p transfection on the expression of PCNA, Bcl-2 and Bad. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that miR-216a-5p might serve as a tumor suppressor in ESCC cells through negatively regulating TCTN1 expression, indicating the possibility that miR-216a-5p and TCTN1 might be attractive targets for ESCC therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixun Chai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, No. 99 Dragon City Street, Taiyuan, 030012 Shanxi Province China
| | - Gengpu Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, No. 99 Dragon City Street, Taiyuan, 030012 Shanxi Province China
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Xu S, Guo J, Zhang W. lncRNA PCAT19 promotes the proliferation of laryngocarcinoma cells via modulation of the miR-182/PDK4 axis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12810-12821. [PMID: 30868666 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of tumorigenesis has not been fully identified in laryngeal cancer, which accounts for one fourth of patents with head and neck tumors. Long noncoding RNA PCAT19 has been shown to participate in the prostate cancer progression. However, little is known about the role of PCAT19 in the tumorigenesis of laryngeal cancer. In our study, it was shown that the expression levels of PCAT19 was increased in laryngeal tumor tissues and associated with decreased overall survival. Using laryngeal cancer cells lines HEp-2 and AMC-HN-8, it was demonstrated that knockdown of PCAT19 decreased the cell proliferation, increased the mitochondrial respiration, and inhibited the glycolysis. In detail, it showed that the PDK4 expression and PDHE1α phosphorylation levels were decreased upon the PCAT19 knockdown. Further studies indicated that miR-182 functioned as the bridge between PCAT19 and PDK4, which could also regulate the cellular metabolism thus affecting the cell proliferation. Furthermore, it was shown that the PCAT19/miR-182/PDK4 axis existed and regulated cell proliferation by modulating glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. Finally, we showed that the PCAT19 knockdown decreased the tumor growth in vivo, possibly through regulating the miR-182/PDK4 axis. In conclusion, we demonstrated that lncRNA PCAT19 promoted cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by modulating the miR-182/PDK4 axis and the metabolism balance. PCAT19 might become a promising new target for laryngeal cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan, China
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Poljsak B, Kovac V, Dahmane R, Levec T, Starc A. Cancer Etiology: A Metabolic Disease Originating from Life's Major Evolutionary Transition? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7831952. [PMID: 31687086 PMCID: PMC6800902 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7831952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A clear understanding of the origins of cancer is the basis of successful strategies for effective cancer prevention and management. The origin of cancer at the molecular and cellular levels is not well understood. Is the primary cause of the origin of cancer the genomic instability or impaired energy metabolism? An attempt was made to present cancer etiology originating from life's major evolutionary transition. The first evolutionary transition went from simple to complex cells when eukaryotic cells with glycolytic energy production merged with the oxidative mitochondrion (The Endosymbiosis Theory first proposed by Lynn Margulis in the 1960s). The second transition went from single-celled to multicellular organisms once the cells obtained mitochondria, which enabled them to obtain a higher amount of energy. Evidence will be presented that these two transitions, as well as the decline of NAD+ and ATP levels, are the root of cancer diseases. Restoring redox homeostasis and reactivation of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism are important factors in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Poljsak
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - V. Kovac
- 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - R. Dahmane
- 2Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Chair of Biomedicine in Health Care, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - T. Levec
- 3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Chair of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A. Starc
- 3Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Chair of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Dai LX, Yang J, Liu JM, Huang S, Wang BN, Li H, Yang J, Zhao ZY, Cao K, Li MY. Adenovirus-Mediated CRM197 Sensitizes Human Glioma Cells to Gemcitabine by the Mitochondrial Pathway. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 34:171-180. [PMID: 30585767 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2017.2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The cross-reacting material 197 (CRM197) is a mutation of the diphtheria toxin. The protein of CRM197 was used successfully for the therapy of various tumors in the recent studies. In this study, the recombinant adenoviruses containing the CRM197gene(AdCRM197) were used to enhance the cellar toxicity of gemcitabine in human glioma U87, U251, and H4 cells. PROCEDURES MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis were performed to test the apoptosis of the U87, U251 and H4 cells with the combined treatment of AdCRM197 plus gemcitabine. Western blotting analyses were carried out to detect the cell apoptosis of the mitochondrial pathway. And the xenograft nude mice were used to observe the enhanced antitumor effect of AdCRM197 in vivo. RESULTS AdCRM197 sensitizes human glioma cells to gemcitabine in vitro by the mitochondrial pathway. Tumor volume was inhibited and survival time was prolonged in the U251 or U87 xenografted nude mice with gemcitabine plus AdCRM197. The enhanced antitumor effect of AdCRM197 was also detected by the immunohistochemical analyses and TUNEL staining. CONCLUSION The authors found that AdCRM197 sensitized the human glioma to gemcitabine not only in vitro but also in vivo. They provide the first evidence that adenovirus-mediated CRM197 may be a potential chemosensitizing agent for the treatment of cancer. The diphtheria toxin is of great toxicity that even one molecule of diphtheria toxin is enough to kill one cell. However, because of the high toxicity, the diphtheria toxin would kill the packing cells when it is being packaged into the recombinant viruses. Therefore, the diphtheria toxin is hard to be used in the gene therapy for virus vectors. The cross-reacting material 197 (CRM197) is a mutation of the diphtheria toxin. Unlike DTA, CRM197 exhibit a weak toxicity. The week toxicity of CRM197 is a good feature for the virus packaging. In the present study, we used a recombinant adenovirus which carried a CRM197 gene (AdCRM197) to enhance the cellar toxicity of gemcitabine in human glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv-Xia Dai
- 1 Department of Microbiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China .,2 Department of Pathogen Biology, Chengdu Medical College , Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- 3 Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine , Shiyan, China
| | - Jian-Min Liu
- 4 Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou, China
| | - Sizhou Huang
- 2 Department of Pathogen Biology, Chengdu Medical College , Chengdu, China
| | - Bao-Ning Wang
- 1 Department of Microbiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Li
- 5 West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Yang
- 6 Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College , Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Zhao
- 1 Department of Microbiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Kang Cao
- 2 Department of Pathogen Biology, Chengdu Medical College , Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Li
- 1 Department of Microbiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
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Zangeneh F, Vazirizadeh A, Mirshamsi MR, Fakhri A, Faizi M, Pourahmad J. Induction of Apoptosis by an Extract of Persian Gulf Marine Mollusc, Turbo Coronatus through the Production of Reactive
Oxygen Species in Mouse Melanoma Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:3479-3488. [PMID: 30583673 PMCID: PMC6428523 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2018.19.12.3479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: A variety of approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy and
immunotherapy are used to treat melanomas, but unfortunately in most case, the response is very weak and often side
effects are serious. This study concerns selective toxicity of an extract of Turbo coronatus on cells and mitochondria from
a syngeneic mouse model of melanoma. Methods: Cells and mitochondria isolated from extra tumoral and melanoma
tissues were exposed toa T. coronatus crude extract and fractions obtained by gel-filtration chromatography and assayed
for mitochondrial and cellular parameters. Result: Crude extract (375, 750 and 1,500 μg/ml) and fraction 1; F1; (275,
550 and 1100 μg/ml) of T. coronatus extract induced a significant (p<0.05) increase of the reactive oxygen species
(ROS) level, swelling of mitochondria, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), release of cytochrome
c and caspase-3 activation only in the mitochondria and cells obtained from melanoma but not extra tumoral tissues. In
addition, the F1 fraction decreased the percentage of viable cells and induced apoptosis in melanoma cells. Conclusion:
For the first time we could demonstrate that the F1 fraction of a T. coronatus extract, selectively induces ROS mediated
cytotoxicity by directly targeting mitochondria in melanoma tissues and it may be a suitable candidate for novel drug
treatment of malignant melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Zangeneh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,
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Fard NN, Noorbazargan H, Mirzaie A, Hedayati Ch M, Moghimiyan Z, Rahimi A. Biogenic synthesis of AgNPs using Artemisia oliveriana extract and their biological activities for an effective treatment of lung cancer. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S1047-S1058. [PMID: 30479160 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1528983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Artemisia oliveriana extract, and their physicochemical characteristics were studied. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the AgNPs, as well as their anticancer effects on the lung cancer cell line (A549), using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), MIC and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) techniques respectively demonstrated that the synthesized AgNPs mainly affected the gram-positive bacteria rather than the gram-negative bacteria, and exhibited significant cellular toxicity on the A549 cell line. Further, the cellular uptake of the AgNPs results indicated that the AgNPs accumulated within the cell. Moreover, their impact on the expression of apoptotic genes including Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3 (CASP3), caspase-9 (CASP9) and miR-192 using real-time PCR demonstrated substantial increase in the expression of all mentioned genes (p<.001). Finally, the apoptotic effects of the AgNPs through DNA fragmentation test, flow cytometry and cell cycle analysis indicated the induction of apoptosis in the A549 cell line. The results revealed that the AgNPs synthesized using A. oliveriana extract have potential biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Nafisi Fard
- a Young Researcher and Elite Club, East Tehran Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran.,b Department of Biology, East Tehran Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hassan Noorbazargan
- c Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Amir Mirzaie
- d Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch , Islamic Azad University , Roudehen , Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hedayati Ch
- e Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology , Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht , Iran
| | - Zeinab Moghimiyan
- f Department of Biology , Islamic Azad University of Tonekabon Branch , Tonekabon , Iran
| | - Arian Rahimi
- a Young Researcher and Elite Club, East Tehran Branch , Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
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Lee YK, Yi EY, Park SY, Jang WJ, Han YS, Jegal ME, Kim YJ. Mitochondrial dysfunction suppresses p53 expression via calcium-mediated nuclear factor-kB signaling in HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma cells. BMB Rep 2018; 51:296-301. [PMID: 29580374 PMCID: PMC6033070 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2018.51.6.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are often observed in various cancer types. Although the correlation between mitochondrial dysfunction and cancer malignancy has been demonstrated by several studies, further research is required to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying accelerated tumor development and progression due to mitochondrial mutations. We generated an mtDNA-depleted cell line, ρ0, via long-term ethidium bromide treatment to define the molecular mechanisms of tumor malignancy induced by mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction in ρ0 cells reduced drug-induced cell death and decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins including p53. The p53 expression was reduced by activation of nuclear factor-κB that depended on elevated levels of free calcium in HCT116/ρ0 cells. Overall, these data provide a novel mechanism for tumor development and drug resistance due to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Eui-Yeun Yi
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Shi-Young Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Won-Jun Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yu-Seon Han
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Myeong-Eun Jegal
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yung-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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The variation of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (mtND4) and molecular dynamics simulation of SNPs among Iranian women with breast cancer. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 85:242-249. [PMID: 30227369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second cause of death among women all around the world. One out of every eight women is diagnosed with breast cancer in Iran. There are many reasons for cancer, one of which is the mutations in the mitochondrial genome observed in most breast cancer studies. However, the aim of this study is to evaluate the genetic region of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 in patients with breast cancer. First, the genomic DNA was extracted from a tissue. The NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 coding region was amplified by PCR, and then the SSCP was sequenced. After that, the molecular dynamics were employed. The association between the mutations and the prognostic factors such as ER, PR, HER-2, and age were statistically examined. The sequence of the ND4 area was determined in 24 suspected patients, and 15 nucleotide changes were reported. The role of this variations was investigated by in-silico. The harmful mutations were predicted based on some servers. The molecular dynamics results showed that there is a significant relationship between the mutant protein and the changes in the structural conformation. Our results showed that the mutation in the ND4 area plays an important role in developing breast cancer. So, it can be concluded that the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase analysis may help to detect breast cancer in the early stages.
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Ryoo IG, Kwak MK. Regulatory crosstalk between the oxidative stress-related transcription factor Nfe2l2/Nrf2 and mitochondria. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 359:24-33. [PMID: 30236989 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play essential roles in cellular bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and apoptosis. During the process of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondria utilize oxygen to generate ATP, and at the same time, there is an inevitable generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). As excess ROS create oxidative stress and damage cells, the proper function of the antioxidant defense system is critical for eukaryotic cell survival under aerobic conditions. Nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2 (Nfe2l2/Nrf2) is a master transcription factor for regulating basal as well as inducible expression of multiple antioxidant proteins. Nrf2 has been involved in maintaining mitochondrial redox homeostasis by providing reduced forms of glutathione (GSH); the reducing cofactor NADPH; and mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes such as GSH peroxidase 1, superoxide dismutase 2, and peroxiredoxin 3/5. In addition, recent research advances suggest that Nrf2 contributes to mitochondrial regulation through more divergent intermolecular linkages. Nrf2 has been positively associated with mitochondrial biogenesis through the direct upregulation of mitochondrial transcription factors and is involved in the mitochondrial quality control system through mitophagy activation. Moreover, several mitochondrial proteins participate in regulating Nrf2 to form a reciprocal regulatory loop between mitochondria and Nrf2. Additionally, Nrf2 modulation in cancer cells leads to changes in the mitochondrial respiration system and cancer bioenergetics that overall affect cancer metabolism. In this review, we describe recent experimental observations on the relationship between Nrf2 and mitochondria, and further discuss the effects of Nrf2 on cancer mitochondria and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Geun Ryoo
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kwak
- Integrated Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon 14662, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea.
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Wu J, Li J, Wang H, Liu CB. Mitochondrial-targeted penetrating peptide delivery for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:951-964. [PMID: 30173542 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1517750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mitochondria are promising targeting organelles for anticancer strategies; however, mitochondria are difficult for antineoplastic drugs to recognize and bind. Mitochondria-penetrating peptides (MPPs) are unique tools to gain access to the cell interior and deliver a bioactive cargo into mitochondria. MPPs have combined or delivered a variety of antitumor cargoes and obviously inhibited the tumor growth in vivo and in vitro. MPPs create new opportunities to develop new treatments for cancer. AREAS COVERED We review the target sites of mitochondria and the target-penetration mechanism of MPPs, different strategies, and various additional strategies decorated MPPs for tumor cell mitochondria targeting, the decorating mattes including metabolism molecules, RNA, DNA, and protein, which exploited considered as therapeutic combined with MPPs and target in human cancer treatment. EXPERT OPINION/COMMENTARY Therapeutic selectivity that preferentially targets the mitochondrial abnormalities in cancer cells without toxic impact on normal cells still need to be deepen. Moreover, it needs appropriate study designs for a correct evaluation of the target delivery outcome and the degradation rate of the drug in the cell. Generally, it is optimistic that the advances in mitochondrial targeting drug delivery by MPPs plasticity outlined here will ultimately help to the discovery of new approaches for the prevention and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wu
- a Affiliated Ren He Hospital of China Three Gorges University , Yichang , China.,b Hubei Key Lab. of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy , China Three Gorges University , Yichang , China.,c Medical School , China Three Gorges University , Yichang , China
| | - Jason Li
- d Institute for Cell Engineering , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Hu Wang
- b Hubei Key Lab. of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy , China Three Gorges University , Yichang , China.,c Medical School , China Three Gorges University , Yichang , China.,d Institute for Cell Engineering , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Chang-Bai Liu
- b Hubei Key Lab. of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy , China Three Gorges University , Yichang , China.,c Medical School , China Three Gorges University , Yichang , China
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Hedberg A, Knutsen E, Løvhaugen AS, Jørgensen TE, Perander M, Johansen SD. Cancer-specific SNPs originate from low-level heteroplasmic variants in human mitochondrial genomes of a matched cell line pair. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2018; 30:82-91. [PMID: 29671673 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2018.1461852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Low-level mitochondrial heteroplasmy is a common phenomenon in both normal and cancer cells. Here, we investigate the link between low-level heteroplasmy and mitogenome mutations in a human breast cancer matched cell line by high-throughput sequencing. We identified 23 heteroplasmic sites, of which 15 were common between normal cells (Hs578Bst) and cancer cells (Hs578T). Most sites were clustered within the highly conserved Complex IV and ribosomal RNA genes. Two heteroplasmic variants in normal cells were found as fixed mutations in cancer cells. This indicates a positive selection of these variants in cancer cells. RNA-Seq analysis identified upregulated L-strand specific transcripts in cancer cells, which include three mitochondrial long non-coding RNA molecules. We hypothesize that this is due to two cancer cell-specific mutations in the control region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annica Hedberg
- a Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Erik Knutsen
- a Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Anne Silje Løvhaugen
- a Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Tor Erik Jørgensen
- b Genomics Group, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture , Nord University , Bodø , Norway
| | - Maria Perander
- a Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Steinar D Johansen
- a Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences , UiT - The Arctic University of Norway , Tromsø , Norway.,b Genomics Group, Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture , Nord University , Bodø , Norway
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Chen H, Wang H, An J, Shang Q, Ma J. Plumbagin induces RPE cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via p38 MARK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in PVR. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018. [PMID: 29534723 PMCID: PMC5851073 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2155-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the effects of plumbagin (PLB) on ARPE-19 cells and underlying mechanism. Methods Cultured ARPE-19 cells were treated with various concentrations (0, 5, 15, and 25 μM) of PLB for 24 h or with 15 μM PLB for 12, 24 and 48 h. Then cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay and DAPI staining, while apoptosis and cell cycle progression of ARPE cells were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. Furthermore, the level of main regulatory proteins was examinated by Western boltting and the expression of relative mRNA was tested by Real-Time PCR. Results PLB exhibited potent inducing effects on cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis of ARPE cells via the modulation of Bcl-2 family regulators in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. PLB induced inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling pathways contributing to the anti-proliferative activities in ARPE cells. Conclusions This is the first report to show that PLB could inhibit the proliferation of RPE cells through down-regulation of modulatory signaling pathways. The results open new avenues for the use of PLB in prevention and treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
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Sunil Kumar BV, Singh S, Verma R. Anticancer potential of dietary vitamin D and ascorbic acid: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 57:2623-2635. [PMID: 26479551 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1064086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancers have been the leading cause of death worldwide and poor diet and physical inactivity are major risk factors in cancer-related deaths. Micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals appear to have preventive properties against cancer. One important mechanism by which dietary changes can exert preventive effects on cancer is via the modulation of micronutrient concentrations in target tissues. Many of these micronutrients are available in the form of dietary supplements, and the intake of these supplements is prevalent in various parts of the world. However, in most cases, it is not known which micronutrient (or combination of micronutrients) is best when it comes to lowering the risk of cancer. The present review illustrates the effect of vitamin D and ascorbic acid intake on preventing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Sunil Kumar
- a School of Animal Biotechnology , Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University , Ludhiana , India
| | - Satparkash Singh
- a School of Animal Biotechnology , Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University , Ludhiana , India
| | - Ramneek Verma
- a School of Animal Biotechnology , Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University , Ludhiana , India
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40
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Tyagi M, Maity B, Saha B, Bauri AK, Subramanian M, Chattopadhyay S, Patro BS. Spice-derived phenolic, malabaricone B induces mitochondrial damage in lung cancer cells viaa p53-independent pathway. Food Funct 2018; 9:5715-5727. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00624e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The spice-derived phenolic, malabaricone B induces mitochondrial cell death and reduces lung tumor growthin vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrityunjay Tyagi
- Bio-Organic Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
| | - Biswanath Maity
- Bio-Organic Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- Bio-Organic Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - Ajay Kumar Bauri
- Bio-Organic Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - Mahesh Subramanian
- Bio-Organic Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
| | - Subrata Chattopadhyay
- Bio-Organic Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
| | - Birija Sankar Patro
- Bio-Organic Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute
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Shukla K, Sonowal H, Saxena A, Ramana KV, Srivastava SK. Aldose reductase inhibitor, fidarestat regulates mitochondrial biogenesis via Nrf2/HO-1/AMPK pathway in colon cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2017; 411:57-63. [PMID: 28986187 PMCID: PMC5693654 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although we have shown earlier that aldose reductase (AR) inhibitors prevent colorectal cancer cell (CRC) growth in culture as well as in nude mice xenografts, the mechanism(s) is not well understood. In this study, we have investigated how AR inhibition prevents CRC growth by regulating the mitochondrial biogenesis via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Incubation of CRC cells such as SW-480, HT29, and HCT116 with AR inhibitor, fidarestat that non-covalently binds to the enzyme, increases the expression of Nrf2. Further, fidarestat augmented the EGF-induced expression of Nrf2 in CRC cells. Fidarestat also increased the Nrf2 -DNA binding activity as well as expression of HO-1 and NQO1 and activation of SOD and catalase in SW480 cells. Similarly, in nude mice xenograft tumor tissues, Nrf2 and HO-1 levels were significantly higher in fidarestat-treated mice compared to controls. Further, stimulation of CRC cells with EGF in the presence of fidarestat increased the mRNA levels of PGC-1α, Nrf1 and TFAM and protein levels of PGC-1α, TFAM and COX-IV and decreased the mitochondrial DNA damage as measured by 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels. AR inhibitor also modulated the phosphorylations of AMPK and mTOR and expression of p53 in EGF-treated cells. Collectively, our results indicate that AR inhibitor prevents CRC growth by increasing mitochondrial biogenesis via increasing the expression of Nrf2/HO-1/AMPK/p53 and decreasing the mitochondrial DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirtikar Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Himangshu Sonowal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Ashish Saxena
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Kota V Ramana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Satish K Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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Joyal JS, Gantner ML, Smith LEH. Retinal energy demands control vascular supply of the retina in development and disease: The role of neuronal lipid and glucose metabolism. Prog Retin Eye Res 2017; 64:131-156. [PMID: 29175509 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Sébastien Joyal
- Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Ophthalmology, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Qc, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Qc, Canada.
| | - Marin L Gantner
- The Lowy Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Lois E H Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston MA 02115, United States.
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Jin SJ, Yang Y, Ma L, Ma BH, Ren LP, Guo LC, Wang WB, Zhang YX, Zhao ZJ, Cui M. In vivo and in vitro induction of the apoptotic effects of oxysophoridine on colorectal cancer cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:8000-8006. [PMID: 29344242 PMCID: PMC5755128 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxysophoridine (OSR) is a major active alkaloid extracted from Sophoraalopecuroides L. The aim of the present study was to investigate the induction of the apoptotic effects of OSR on colorectal cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. The results of the MTT and colony formation assays demonstrated that the proliferation of HCT116 cells was inhibited by OSR in vitro. The characteristics of cellular apoptosis in OSR-treated HCT116 cells were analyzed by Hoechst 33258 staining. It was also observed that the expression of caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) associated X protein (Bax) and cytochrome c increased significantly upon OSR treatment. However, the expression of Bcl-2 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) was downregulated in OSR-treated cells compared with untreated cells. The in vivo experiments identified that OSR significantly inhibited the growth of the transplanted mouse CT26 tumor tissue, upregulated the expression of caspase-3, Bax and cytochrome c and downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and PARP-1, as detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. It may be concluded that OSR significantly induced apoptotic effects on colorectal cancer cells in vivo and in vitro, and that its mechanism may be associated with the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ju Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Lei Ma
- Department of Emergency, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Ben-Hui Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ping Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Liu-Cheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Xin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Mingchen Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China.,Tumor Occurrence and Prevention Research Innovation Team of Luohe, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
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Xue Z, Zhao H, Liu J, Han J, Han S. Defining Cancer Cell Bioenergetic Profiles Using a Dual Organelle-Oriented Chemosensor Responsive to pH Values and Electropotential Changes. Anal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Xue
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jiahuai Han
- State
key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell
Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shoufa Han
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Nam HS, Izumchenko E, Dasgupta S, Hoque MO. Mitochondria in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: where are we now? Biomark Med 2017; 11:475-489. [PMID: 28598223 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in mitochondrial biogenesis have provided the emerging recognition that mitochondria do much more than 'simply providing energy for cellular function'. Currently, a constantly improving understanding of the mitochondrial structure and function has been providing valuable insights into the contribution of defects in mitochondrial metabolism to various human diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. The growing interest in mitochondria research led to development of new biomedical fields in the two main smoking-related lung diseases. However, there is considerable paucity in our understanding of mechanisms by which mitochondrial dynamics regulate lung diseases. In this review, we will discuss our current knowledge on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and non-small-cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Seong Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.,Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Mohammad O Hoque
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head & Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.,Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.,Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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46
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Kalyanaraman B. Teaching the basics of cancer metabolism: Developing antitumor strategies by exploiting the differences between normal and cancer cell metabolism. Redox Biol 2017; 12:833-842. [PMID: 28448945 PMCID: PMC5406543 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review of the basics of cancer metabolism focuses on exploiting the metabolic differences between normal and cancer cells. The first part of the review covers the different metabolic pathways utilized in normal cells to generate cellular energy, or ATP, and the glycolytic intermediates required to build the cellular machinery. The second part of the review discusses aerobic glycolysis, or the Warburg effect, and the metabolic reprogramming involving glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and glutaminolysis in the context of developing targeted inhibitors in cancer cells. Finally, the selective targeting of cancer mitochondrial metabolism using positively charged lipophilic compounds as potential therapeutics and their ability to mitigate the toxic side effects of conventional chemotherapeutics in normal cells are discussed. I hope this graphical review will be useful in helping undergraduate, graduate, and medical students understand how investigating the basics of cancer cell metabolism could provide new insight in developing potentially new anticancer treatment strategies. Exploiting biochemical and metabolic differences between normal and cancer cells. Mitigating reverse Warburg effect in the tumor stroma or microenvironment to hinder tumor growth. Dual targeting of glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism to inhibit tumor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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47
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Choiniere J, Wu J, Wang L. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Deficiency Results in Expedited Cellular Proliferation through E2F1-Mediated Increase of Cyclins. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 91:189-196. [PMID: 28003426 PMCID: PMC5325080 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.106757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common form of cancer with prevalence worldwide. There are many factors that lead to the development and progression of HCC. This study aimed to identify potential new tumor suppressors, examine their function as cell cycle modulators, and investigate their impact on the cyclin family of proteins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). In this study, the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK)4 gene was shown to have potential tumor suppressor characteristics. PDK4 expression was significantly downregulated in human HCC. Pdk4-/- mouse liver exhibited a consistent increase in cell cycle regulator proteins, including cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin A2, some associated CDKs, and transcription factor E2F1. PDK4-knockdown HCC cells also progressed faster through the cell cycle, which concurrently expressed high levels of cyclins and E2F1 as seen in the Pdk4-/- mice. Interestingly, the induced cyclin E1 and cyclin A2 caused by Pdk4 deficiency was repressed by arsenic treatment in mouse liver and in HCC cells. E2f1 deficiency in E2f1-/- mouse liver or knockdown E2F1 using small hairpin RNAs in HCC cells significantly decreased cyclin E1, cyclin A2, and E2F1 proteins. In contrast, inhibition of PDK4 activity in HCC cells increased cyclin E1, cyclin A2, and E2F1 proteins. These findings demonstrate that PDK4 is a critical regulator of hepatocyte proliferation via E2F1-mediated regulation of cyclins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Choiniere
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.C., J.W., L.W.); Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (L.W.)
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.C., J.W., L.W.); Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (L.W.)
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.C., J.W., L.W.); Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut (L.W.); and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (L.W.)
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are extremely lethal and still poorly treated primary brain tumors, characterized by the presence of highly tumorigenic cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulations, considered responsible for tumor relapse. In order to successfully eradicate GBM growth and recurrence, new anti-cancer strategies selectively targeting CSCs should be designed. CSCs might be eradicated by targeting some of their cell surface markers and transporters, inducing their differentiation, impacting their hyper-glycolytic metabolism, inhibiting CSC-related signaling pathways and/or by targeting their microenvironmental niche. In this regard, phytocompounds such as curcumin, isothiocyanates, resveratrol and epigallocatechin-3-gallate have been shown to prevent or reverse cancer-related epigenetic dysfunctions, reducing tumorigenesis, preventing metastasis and/or increasing chemotherapy and radiotherapy efficacy. However, the actual bioavailability and metabolic processing of phytocompounds is generally unknown, and the presence of the blood brain barrier often represents a limitation to glioma treatments. Nowadays, nanoparticles (NPs) can be loaded with therapeutic compounds such as phytochemicals, improving their bioavailability and their targeted delivery within the GBM tumor bulk. Moreover, NPs can be designed to increase their tropism and specificity toward CSCs by conjugating their surface with antibodies specific for CSC antigens, with ligands or with glucose analogues. Here we discuss the use of phytochemicals as anti-glioma agents and the applicability of phytochemical-loaded NPs as drug delivery systems to target GBM. Additionally, we provide some examples on how NPs can be specifically formulated to improve CSC targeting.
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49
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Haas B, Hermanns M, Kimmel G. Incorporating Exercise Into the Cancer Treatment Paradigm. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2016; 20:S17-S24. [DOI: 10.1188/16.cjon.s2.17-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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Sehrawat A, Roy R, Pore SK, Hahm ER, Samanta SK, Singh KB, Kim SH, Singh K, Singh SV. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer chemoprevention by phytochemicals from dietary and medicinal plants. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 47:147-153. [PMID: 27867044 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention, a scientific term coined by Dr. Sporn in the late seventies, implies use of natural or synthetic chemicals to block, delay or reverse carcinogenesis. Phytochemicals derived from edible and medicinal plants have been studied rather extensively for cancer chemoprevention using preclinical models in the past few decades. Nevertheless, some of these agents (e.g., isothiocyanates from cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and watercress) have already entered into clinical investigations. Examples of widely studied and highly promising phytochemicals from edible and medicinal plants include cruciferous vegetable constituents (phenethyl isothiocyanate, benzyl isothiocyanate, and sulforaphane), withaferin A (WA) derived from a medicinal plant (Withania somnifera) used heavily in Asia, and an oriental medicine plant component honokiol (HNK). An interesting feature of these structurally-diverse phytochemicals is that they target mitochondria to provoke cancer cell-selective death program. Mechanisms underlying cell death induction by commonly studied phytochemicals have been discussed rather extensively and thus are not covered in this review article. Instead, the primary focus of this perspective is to discuss experimental evidence pointing to mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer chemoprevention by promising phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Sehrawat
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ruchi Roy
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Subrata K Pore
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eun-Ryeong Hahm
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Suman K Samanta
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Krishna B Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Su-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kamayani Singh
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shivendra V Singh
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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