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Dagnino-Leone J, Figueroa CP, Castañeda ML, Youlton AD, Vallejos-Almirall A, Agurto-Muñoz A, Pavón Pérez J, Agurto-Muñoz C. Phycobiliproteins: Structural aspects, functional characteristics, and biotechnological perspectives. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1506-1527. [PMID: 35422968 PMCID: PMC8983314 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phycobiliproteins (PBPs) are fluorescent proteins of various colors, including fuchsia, purple-blue and cyan, that allow the capture of light energy in auxiliary photosynthetic complexes called phycobilisomes (PBS). PBPs have several highly preserved structural and physicochemical characteristics. In the PBS context, PBPs function is capture luminous energy in the 450–650 nm range and delivers it to photosystems allowing photosynthesis take place. Besides the energy harvesting function, PBPs also have shown to have multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumours, making them an interesting focus for different biotechnological applications in areas like biomedicine, bioenergy and scientific research. Nowadays, the main sources of PBPs are cyanobacteria and micro and macro algae from the phylum Rhodophyta. Due to the diverse biological activities of PBPs, they have attracted the attention of different industries, such as food, biomedical and cosmetics. This is why a large number of patents related to the production, extraction, purification of PBPs and their application as cosmetics, biopharmaceuticals or diagnostic applications have been generated, looking less ecological impact in the natural prairies of macroalgae and less culture time or higher productivity in cyanobacteria to satisfy the markets and applications that require high amounts of these molecules. In this review, we summarize the main structural characteristics of PBPs, their biosynthesys and biotechnological applications. We also address current trends and future perspectives of the PBPs market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Dagnino-Leone
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Cristina Pinto Figueroa
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Mónica Latorre Castañeda
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Andrea Donoso Youlton
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Alejandro Vallejos-Almirall
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Andrés Agurto-Muñoz
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Jessy Pavón Pérez
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (CyTA), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000 Chile
| | - Cristian Agurto-Muñoz
- Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (CyTA), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000 Chile
- Corresponding author at: Grupo Interdisciplinario de Biotecnología Marina (GIBMAR), Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
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Minato T, Teramoto T, Adachi N, Hung NK, Yamada K, Kawasaki M, Akutsu M, Moriya T, Senda T, Ogo S, Kakuta Y, Yoon KS. Non-conventional octameric structure of C-phycocyanin. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1238. [PMID: 34716405 PMCID: PMC8556327 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
C-phycocyanin (CPC), a blue pigment protein, is an indispensable component of giant phycobilisomes, which are light-harvesting antenna complexes in cyanobacteria that transfer energy efficiently to photosystems I and II. X-ray crystallographic and electron microscopy (EM) analyses have revealed the structure of CPC to be a closed toroidal hexamer by assembling two trimers. In this study, the structural characterization of non-conventional octameric CPC is reported for the first time. Analyses of the crystal and cryogenic EM structures of the native CPC from filamentous thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermoleptolyngbya sp. O–77 unexpectedly illustrated the coexistence of conventional hexamer and novel octamer. In addition, an unusual dimeric state, observed via analytical ultracentrifugation, was postulated to be a key intermediate structure in the assemble of the previously unobserved octamer. These observations provide new insights into the assembly processes of CPCs and the mechanism of energy transfer in the light-harvesting complexes. Takuo Minato and colleagues determine the crystal and cryo-EM structures of the native C-phycocyanin (CPC) from the thermophilic cyanobacterium, Thermoleptolyngbya sp. O77, which was found to adopt both a conventional hexameric structure and a novel octameric assembly. These findings provide new insights into the assembly of CPCs and their mechanism of energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuo Minato
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Takamasa Teramoto
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Adachi
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Nguyen Khac Hung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kaho Yamada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masato Kawasaki
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan.,Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (Soken-dai), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Masato Akutsu
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Toshio Moriya
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Toshiya Senda
- Structural Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan.,Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University of Advanced Studies (Soken-dai), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Seiji Ogo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Center for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Kakuta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Laboratory of Structural Biology, Graduate School of System Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Ki-Seok Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Center for Small Molecule Energy, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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Kikuchi H. Functional roles of the hexamer structure of C-phycocyanin revealed by calculation of absorption wavelength. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:164-172. [PMID: 33190413 PMCID: PMC7780113 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanophyta-phycocyanin (C-PC) is the main constituent of the rod of phycobilisome (PBS), which is a highly ordered and large peripheral light-harvesting protein complex present on the cytoplasmic side of the thylakoid membrane in cyanobacteria and red algae. The C-PC monomer comprises two chains, α- and β-subunits, and aggregates to form ring-shaped trimers (αβ)3 with rotational symmetry. The ring-shaped trimer (αβ)3 is a structural block unit (SBU) that forms the rod of PBS. Two (αβ)3 SBUs are arranged in a face-to-face manner to form an (αβ)6 -hexamer. In this study, the electronic states of three phycocyanobilins, α84, β84, and β155 in C-phycocyanin, constituting the rod of the PBS, were calculated for both the trimer and hexamer models by considering the effect of the electrostatic field of protein moieties and water molecules. For the hexamer, the absorption wavelengths of α84, β84, and β155 were similar to those obtained experimentally; however, for the trimer, only the absorption wavelength of β155 shifted toward a shorter-wavelength. The nature of the hexamer structure as a hierarchical structure is revealed by considering the calculated absorption wavelength and energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Kikuchi
- Department of PhysicsNippon Medical SchoolMusashinoJapan
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Chang L, Tian L, Ma F, Mao Z, Liu X, Han G, Wang W, Yang Y, Kuang T, Pan J, Shen JR. Regulation of photosystem I-light-harvesting complex I from a red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae in response to light intensities. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 146:287-297. [PMID: 32766997 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00778-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms use different means to regulate their photosynthetic activity in respond to different light conditions under which they grow. In this study, we analyzed changes in the photosystem I (PSI) light-harvesting complex I (LHCI) supercomplex from a red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae, upon growing under three different light intensities, low light (LL), medium light (ML), and high light (HL). The results showed that the red algal PSI-LHCI is separated into two bands on blue-native PAGE, which are designated PSI-LHCI-A and PSI-LHCI-B, respectively, from cells grown under LL and ML. The former has a higher molecular weight and binds more Lhcr subunits than the latter. They are considered to correspond to the two types of PSI-LHCI identified by cryo-electron microscopic analysis recently, namely, the former with five Lhcrs and the latter with three Lhcrs. The amount of PSI-LHCI-A is higher in the LL-grown cells than that in the ML-grown cells. In the HL-grown cells, PSI-LHCI-A completely disappeared and only PSI-LHCI-B was observed. Furthermore, PSI core complexes without Lhcr attached also appeared in the HL cells. Fluorescence decay kinetics measurement showed that Lhcrs are functionally connected with the PSI core in both PSI-LHCI-A and PSI-LHCI-B obtained from LL and ML cells; however, Lhcrs in the PSI-LHCI-B fraction from the HL cells are not coupled with the PSI core. These results indicate that the red algal PSI not only regulates its antenna size but also adjusts the functional connection of Lhcrs with the PSI core in response to different light intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Chang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lirong Tian
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Zhiyuan Mao
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaochi Liu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No, 20, Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing, 100093, China.
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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Toyoshima M, Toya Y, Shimizu H. Flux balance analysis of cyanobacteria reveals selective use of photosynthetic electron transport components under different spectral light conditions. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 143:31-43. [PMID: 31625072 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria acclimate and adapt to changing light conditions by controlling the energy transfer between photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII) and pigment composition. Photosynthesis is driven by balancing the excitation between PSI and PSII. To predict the detailed electron transfer flux of cyanobacteria, we refined the photosynthesis-related reactions in our previously reconstructed genome-scale model. Two photosynthetic bacteria, Arthrospira and Synechocystis, were used as models. They were grown under various spectral light conditions and flux balance analysis (FBA) was performed using photon uptake fluxes into PSI and PSII, which were converted from each light spectrum by considering the photoacclimation of pigments and the distribution ratio of phycobilisome to PSI and PSII. In Arthrospira, the FBA was verified with experimental data using six types of light-emitting diodes (White, Blue, Green, Yellow, Red1, and Red2). FBA predicted the cell growth of Synechocystis for the LEDs, excepting Red2. In an FBA simulation, cells used respiratory terminal oxidases and two NADH dehydrogenases (NDH-1 and NDH-2) to balance the PSI and PSII excitations depending on the light conditions. FBA simulation with our refined model functionally implicated NDH-1 and NDH-2 as a component of cyclic electron transport in the varied light environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Toyoshima
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Toya
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Ogawa T, Misumi M, Sonoike K. Estimation of photosynthesis in cyanobacteria by pulse-amplitude modulation chlorophyll fluorescence: problems and solutions. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 133:63-73. [PMID: 28283890 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes and widely used for photosynthetic research as model organisms. Partly due to their prokaryotic nature, however, estimation of photosynthesis by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements is sometimes problematic in cyanobacteria. For example, plastoquinone pool is reduced in the dark-acclimated samples in many cyanobacterial species so that conventional protocol developed for land plants cannot be directly applied for cyanobacteria. Even for the estimation of the simplest chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, F v/F m, some additional protocol such as addition of DCMU or illumination of weak blue light is necessary. In this review, those problems in the measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence in cyanobacteria are introduced, and solutions to those problems are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Ogawa
- Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Misumi
- Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Kintake Sonoike
- Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan.
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Niki K, Aikawa S, Yokono M, Kondo A, Akimoto S. Differences in energy transfer of a cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, grown in different cultivation media. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2015; 125:201-210. [PMID: 25577255 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-015-0079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, cyanobacteria are regarded as potential biofuel sources. Large-scale cultivation of cyanobacteria in seawater is of particular interest because seawater is a low-cost medium. In the present study, we examined differences in light-harvesting and energy transfer processes in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 grown in different cultivation media, namely modified A medium (the optimal growth medium for Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002) and f/2 (a seawater medium). The concentrations of nitrate and phosphate ions were varied in both media. Higher nitrate ion and/or phosphate ion concentrations yielded high relative content of phycobilisome. The cultivation medium influenced the energy transfers within phycobilisome, from phycobilisome to photosystems, within photosystem II, and from photosystem II to photosystem I. We suggest that the medium also affects charge recombination at the photosystem II reaction center and formation of a chlorophyll-containing complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Niki
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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Ueno Y, Aikawa S, Kondo A, Akimoto S. Light adaptation of the unicellular red alga, Cyanidioschyzon merolae, probed by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2015; 125:211-218. [PMID: 25577254 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-015-0078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms change the quantity and/or quality of their pigment-protein complexes and the interactions among these complexes in response to light conditions. In the present study, we analyzed light adaptation of the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae, whose pigment composition is similar to that of cyanobacteria because its phycobilisomes (PBS) lack phycoerythrin. C. merolae were grown under different light qualities, and their responses were measured by steady-state absorption, steady-state fluorescence, and picosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopies. Cells were cultivated under four monochromatic light-emitting diodes (blue, green, yellow, and red), and changes in pigment composition and energy transfer were observed. Cells grown under blue and green light increased their relative phycocyanin levels compared with cells cultured under white light. Energy-transfer processes to photosystem I (PSI) were sensitive to yellow and red light. The contribution of direct energy transfer from PBS to PSI increased only under yellow light, while red light induced a reduction in energy transfer from photosystem II to PSI and an increase in energy transfer from light-harvesting chlorophyll protein complex I to PSI. Differences in pigment composition, growth, and energy transfer under different light qualities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Ueno
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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Akimoto S, Yokono M, Aikawa S, Kondo A. Modification of energy-transfer processes in the cyanobacterium, Arthrospira platensis, to adapt to light conditions, probed by time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2013; 117:235-243. [PMID: 23605291 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-013-9830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In cyanobacteria, the interactions among pigment-protein complexes are modified in response to changes in light conditions. In the present study, we analyzed excitation energy transfer from the phycobilisome and photosystem II to photosystem I in the cyanobacterium Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis. The cells were grown under lights with different spectral profiles and under different light intensities, and the energy-transfer characteristics were evaluated using steady-state absorption, steady-state fluorescence, and picosecond time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. The fluorescence rise and decay curves were analyzed by global analysis to obtain fluorescence decay-associated spectra. The direct energy transfer from the phycobilisome to photosystem I and energy transfer from photosystem II to photosystem I were modified depending on the light quality, light quantity, and cultivation period. However, the total amount of energy transferred to photosystem I remained constant under the different growth conditions. We discuss the differences in energy-transfer processes under different cultivation and light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Akimoto
- Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan,
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10
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Gao X, Zhang N, Wei TD, Su HN, Xie BB, Dong CC, Zhang XY, Chen XL, Zhou BC, Wang ZX, Wu JW, Zhang YZ. Crystal structure of the N-terminal domain of linker LR and the assembly of cyanobacterial phycobilisome rods. Mol Microbiol 2011; 82:698-705. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07844.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Su HN, Xie BB, Zhang XY, Zhou BC, Zhang YZ. The supramolecular architecture, function, and regulation of thylakoid membranes in red algae: an overview. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2010; 106:73-87. [PMID: 20521115 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-010-9560-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Red algae are a group of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms. Phycobilisomes (PBSs), which are composed of various types of phycobiliproteins and linker polypeptides, are the main light-harvesting antennae in red algae, as in cyanobacteria. Two morphological types of PBSs, hemispherical- and hemidiscoidal-shaped, are found in different red algae species. PBSs harvest solar energy and efficiently transfer it to photosystem II (PS II) and finally to photosystem I (PS I). The PS I of red algae uses light-harvesting complex of PS I (LHC I) as a light-harvesting antennae, which is phylogenetically related to the LHC I found in higher plants. PBSs, PS II, and PS I are all distributed throughout the entire thylakoid membrane, a pattern that is different from the one found in higher plants. Photosynthesis processes, especially those of the light reactions, are carried out by the supramolecular complexes located in/on the thylakoid membranes. Here, the supramolecular architecture, function and regulation of thylakoid membranes in red algal are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Nan Su
- The State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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Heber U, Bilger W, Türk R, Lange OL. Photoprotection of reaction centres in photosynthetic organisms: mechanisms of thermal energy dissipation in desiccated thalli of the lichen Lobaria pulmonaria. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2010; 185:459-70. [PMID: 19863730 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
*The photobionts of lichens have previously been shown to reversibly inactivate their photosystem II (PSII) upon desiccation, presumably as a photoprotective mechanism. The mechanism and the consequences of this process have been investigated in the green algal lichen Lobaria pulmonaria. *Lichen thalli were collected from a shaded and a sun-exposed site. The activation of PSII was followed by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. *Inactivation of PSII, as indicated by the total loss of variable fluorescence, was accompanied by a strong decrease of basal fluorescence (F(0)). Sun-grown thalli, as well as thalli exposed to low irradiance during drying, showed a larger reduction of F(0) than shade-grown thalli or thalli desiccated in the dark. Desiccation increased phototolerance, which was positively correlated to enhanced quenching of F(0). Quenching of F(0) could be reversed by heating, and could be inhibited by glutaraldehyde but not by the uncoupler nigericin. *Activation of energy dissipation, apparent as F(0) quenching, is proposed to be based on an alteration in the conformation of a pigment protein complex. This permits thermal energy dissipation and gives considerable flexibility to photoprotection. Zeaxanthin formation apparently did not contribute to the enhancement of photoprotection by desiccation in the light. Light-induced absorbance changes indicated the involvement of chlorophyll and carotenoid cation radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Heber
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
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Xie BB, Chen XL, Zhang XY, He HL, Zhang YZ, Zhou BC. Predicting protein interaction interfaces from protein sequences: case studies of subtilisin and phycocyanin. Proteins 2008; 71:1461-74. [PMID: 18076046 DOI: 10.1002/prot.21836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Identification of protein interaction interfaces is very important for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying biological phenomena. Here, we present a novel method for predicting protein interaction interfaces from sequences by using PAM matrix (PIFPAM). Sequence alignments for interacting proteins were constructed and parsed into segments using sliding windows. By calculating distance matrix for each segment, the correlation coefficients between segments were estimated. The interaction interfaces were predicted by extracting highly correlated segment pairs from the correlation map. The predictions achieved an accuracy 0.41-0.71 for eight intraprotein interaction examples, and 0.07-0.60 for four interprotein interaction examples. Compared with three previously published methods, PIFPAM predicted more contacting site pairs for 11 out of the 12 example proteins, and predicted at least 34% more contacting site pairs for eight proteins of them. The factors affecting the predictions were also analyzed. Since PIFPAM uses only the alignments of the two interacting proteins as input, it is especially useful when no three-dimensional protein structure data are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Xie
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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