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Zhu Y, Gao H, Zhang J, Zhao J, Qi Q, Wang Q. De novo design of the global transcriptional factor Cra-regulated promoters enables highly sensitive glycolysis flux biosensor for dynamic metabolic control. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:605-617. [PMID: 36541030 PMCID: PMC9948231 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolytic flux is a fundamental index in microbial cell factories. A glycolytic flux biosensor that can monitor glucose metabolism efficiency is a promising strategy in rewiring metabolic flux to balance growth and biosynthesis. A key design feature of the glycolytic flux biosensors is the interaction between the global transcriptional factor Cra and its regulated promoters. However, overexpression and mutation of Cra has unpredictable effects on global metabolism in Escherichia coli. Therefore, new orthogonal biosensor design strategies should be developed to circumvent metabolic issues. In this report, the promoters in glycolytic flux biosensor were replaced with synthetic promoters of varying strengths or phage-derived promoters, and the Cra DNA-binding sites were deployed into promoters at different positions and distances to yield biosensors. The de nova biosensors that depended on Cra could sense Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FBP) with broad dynamic ranges and low basal leakage. Then the negative-response biosensors were applied to fine-tune the target ATP synthesis gene, leading to the desired increase in pyruvate production (the highest 9.66 g/L) and cell growth. Moreover, the membrane synthesis gene plsC was also dynamically activated by the positive-response biosensor, leading to effective accumulation of lycopene in the cell membrane and a 50-fold increase in lycopene titre (100.3 mg/L) when compared with the control strain, demonstrating the effective and broader usages of our biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huaxiao Gao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingyu Zhao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingsheng Qi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Dufossé L. Back to nature, microbial production of pigments and colorants for food use. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 102:93-122. [PMID: 36064297 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pigments-producing microorganisms are quite common in Nature. However, there is a long journey from the Petri dish to the market place. Twenty-five years ago, scientists wondered if such productions would remain a scientific oddity or become an industrial reality. The answer is not straightforward as processes using fungi, bacteria or yeasts can now indeed provide carotenoids or phycocyanin at an industrial level. Another production factor to consider is peculiar as Monascus red colored food is consumed by more than one billion Asian people; however, still banned in many other countries. European and American consumers will follow as soon as "100%-guaranteed" toxin-free strains (molecular engineered strains, citrinin gene deleted strains) will be developed and commercialized at a world level. For other pigmented biomolecules, some laboratories and companies invested and continue to invest a lot of money as any combination of new source and/or new pigment requires a lot of experimental work, process optimization, toxicological studies, and regulatory approval. Time will tell whether investments in pigments such as azaphilones or anthraquinones were justified. Future trends involve combinatorial engineering, gene knock-out, and the production of niche pigments not found in plants such as C50 carotenoids or aryl carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels (CHEMBIOPRO), Université de La Réunion, ESIROI Agroalimentaire, Ile de La Réunion, France.
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Takemura M, Kubo A, Watanabe A, Sakuno H, Minobe Y, Sahara T, Murata M, Araki M, Harada H, Terada Y, Yaoi K, Ohdan K, Misawa N. Pathway engineering for high-yield production of lutein in Escherichia coli. Synth Biol (Oxf) 2021; 6:ysab012. [PMID: 34712837 PMCID: PMC8546607 DOI: 10.1093/synbio/ysab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein is an industrially important carotenoid pigment, which is essential for photoprotection and photosynthesis in plants. Lutein is crucial for maintaining human health due to its protective ability from ocular diseases. However, its pathway engineering research has scarcely been performed for microbial production using heterologous hosts, such as Escherichia coli, since the engineering of multiple genes is required. These genes, which include tricky key carotenoid biosynthesis genes typically derived from plants, encode two sorts of cyclases (lycopene ε- and β-cyclase) and cytochrome P450 CYP97C. In this study, upstream genes effective for the increase in carotenoid amounts, such as isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI) gene, were integrated into the E. coli JM101 (DE3) genome. The most efficient set of the key genes (MpLCYe, MpLCYb and MpCYP97C) was selected from among the corresponding genes derived from various plant (or bacterial) species using E. coli that had accumulated carotenoid substrates. Furthermore, to optimize the production of lutein in E. coli, we introduced several sorts of plasmids that contained some of the multiple genes into the genome-inserted strain and compared lutein productivity. Finally, we achieved 11 mg/l as lutein yield using a mini jar. Here, the high-yield production of lutein was successfully performed using E. coli through approaches of pathway engineering. The findings obtained here should be a base reference for substantial lutein production with microorganisms in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Takemura
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Akiko Kubo
- Applied Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Asuka Watanabe
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hanayo Sakuno
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuka Minobe
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sahara
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | - Hisashi Harada
- Faculty of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Terada
- Mechanism-Based Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuro Yaoi
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kohji Ohdan
- Applied Research Laboratory, Ezaki Glico Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
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