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Velazquez D, Sigala JC, Martínez LM, Gaytán P, Gosset G, Lara AR. Glucose transport engineering allows mimicking fed-batch performance in batch mode and selection of superior producer strains. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:183. [PMID: 36071458 PMCID: PMC9450411 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fed-batch mode is the standard culture technology for industrial bioprocesses. Nevertheless, most of the early-stage cell and process development is carried out in batch cultures, which can bias the initial selection of expression systems. Cell engineering can provide an alternative to fed-batch cultures for high-throughput screening and host selection. We have previously reported a library of Escherichia coli strains with single and multiple deletions of genes involved in glucose transport. Compared to their wild type (W3110), the mutant strains displayed lower glucose uptake, growth and aerobic acetate production rates. Therefore, when cultured in batch mode, such mutants may perform similar to W3110 cultured in fed-batch mode. To test that hypothesis, we evaluated the constitutive expression of the green fluorescence protein (GFP) in batch cultures in microbioreactors using a semi defined medium supplemented with 10 or 20 g/L glucose + 0.4 g yeast extract/g glucose. Results The mutant strains cultured in batch mode displayed a fast-growth phase (growth rate between 0.40 and 0.60 h−1) followed by a slow-growth phase (growth rate between 0.05 and 0.15 h−1), similar to typical fed-batch cultures. The phase of slow growth is most probably caused by depletion of key amino acids. Three mutants attained the highest GFP fluorescence. Particularly, a mutant named WHIC (ΔptsHIcrr, ΔmglABC), reached a GFP fluorescence up to 14-fold greater than that of W3110. Strain WHIC was cultured in 2 L bioreactors in batch mode with 100 g/L glucose + 50 g/L yeast extract. These cultures were compared with exponentially fed-batch cultures of W3110 maintaining the same slow-growth of WHIC (0.05 h−1) and using the same total amount of glucose and yeast extract than in WHIC cultures. The WHIC strain produced approx. 450 mg/L GFP, while W3110 only 220 mg/L. Conclusion The combination of cell engineering and high throughput screening allowed the selection of a particular mutant that mimics fed-batch behavior in batch cultures. Moreover, the amount of GFP produced by the strain WHIC was substantially higher than that of W3110 under both, batch and fed-batch schemes. Therefore, our results represent a valuable technology for accelerated bioprocess development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-022-01906-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Velazquez
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, 05348, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan-Carlos Sigala
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, 05348, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luz María Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Paul Gaytán
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Gosset
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Alvaro R Lara
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, 05348, Mexico City, Mexico.
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2
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Impact of Elevated Levels of Dissolved CO2 on Performance and Proteome Response of an Industrial 2′-Fucosyllactose Producing Escherichia coli Strain. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061145. [PMID: 35744663 PMCID: PMC9228177 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale microbial industrial fermentations have significantly higher absolute pressure and dissolved CO2 concentrations than otherwise comparable laboratory-scale processes. Yet the effect of increased dissolved CO2 (dCO2) levels is rarely addressed in the literature. In the current work, we have investigated the impact of industrial levels of dCO2 (measured as the partial pressure of CO2, pCO2) in an Escherichia coli-based fed-batch process producing the human milk oligosaccharide 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL). The study evaluated the effect of high pCO2 levels in both carbon-limited (C-limited) and carbon/nitrogen-limited (C/N-limited) fed-batch processes. High-cell density cultures were sparged with 10%, 15%, 20%, or 30% CO2 in the inlet air to cover and exceed the levels observed in the industrial scale process. While the 10% enrichment was estimated to achieve similar or higher pCO2 levels as the large-scale fermentation it did not impact the performance of the process. The product and biomass yields started being affected above 15% CO2 enrichment, while 30% impaired the cultures completely. Quantitative proteomics analysis of the C-limited process showed that 15% CO2 enrichment affected the culture on the protein level, but to a much smaller degree than expected. A more significant impact was seen in the dual C/N limited process, which likely stemmed from the effect pCO2 had on nitrogen availability. The results demonstrated that microbial cultures can be seriously affected by elevated CO2 levels, albeit at higher levels than expected.
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Schuller A, Cserjan-Puschmann M, Köppl C, Grabherr R, Wagenknecht M, Schiavinato M, Dohm JC, Himmelbauer H, Striedner G. Adaptive Evolution in Producing Microtiter Cultivations Generates Genetically Stable Escherichia coli Production Hosts for Continuous Bioprocessing. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e2000376. [PMID: 33084246 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The production of recombinant proteins usually reduces cell fitness and the growth rate of producing cells. The growth disadvantage favors faster-growing non-producer mutants. Therefore, continuous bioprocessing is hardly feasible in Escherichia coli due to the high escape rate. The stability of E. coli expression systems under long-term production conditions and how metabolic load triggered by recombinant gene expression influences the characteristics of mutations are investigated. Iterated fed-batch-like microbioreactor cultivations are conducted under production conditions. The easy-to-produce green fluorescent protein (GFP) and a challenging antigen-binding fragment (Fab) are used as model proteins, and BL21(DE3) and BL21Q strains as expression hosts. In comparative whole-genome sequencing analyses, mutations that allowed cells to grow unhindered despite recombinant protein production are identified. A T7 RNA polymerase expression system is only conditionally suitable for long-term cultivation under production conditions. Mutations leading to non-producers occur in either the T7 RNA polymerase gene or the T7 promoter. The host RNA polymerase-based BL21Q expression system remains stable in the production of GFP in long-term cultivations. For the production of Fab, mutations in lacI of the BL21Q derivatives have positive effects on long-term stability. The results indicate that adaptive evolution carried out with genome-integrated E. coli expression systems in microtiter cultivations under industrial-relevant production conditions is an efficient strain development tool for production hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Schuller
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Production of Next-Level Biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Monika Cserjan-Puschmann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Production of Next-Level Biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Christoph Köppl
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Production of Next-Level Biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Reingard Grabherr
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Production of Next-Level Biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Martin Wagenknecht
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, Vienna, A-1120, Austria
| | - Matteo Schiavinato
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Computational Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Juliane C Dohm
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Computational Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Heinz Himmelbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Computational Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
| | - Gerald Striedner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Production of Next-Level Biopharmaceuticals in E. coli, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, A-1190, Austria
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4
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Morschett H, Jansen R, Neuendorf C, Moch M, Wiechert W, Oldiges M. Parallelized microscale fed-batch cultivation in online-monitored microtiter plates: implications of media composition and feed strategies for process design and performance. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 47:35-47. [PMID: 31673873 PMCID: PMC6971147 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02243-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Limited throughput represents a substantial drawback during bioprocess development. In recent years, several commercial microbioreactor systems have emerged featuring parallelized experimentation with optical monitoring. However, many devices remain limited to batch mode and do not represent the fed-batch strategy typically applied on an industrial scale. A workflow for 32-fold parallelized microscale cultivation of protein secreting Corynebacterium glutamicum in microtiter plates incorporating online monitoring, pH control and feeding was developed and validated. Critical interference of the essential media component protocatechuic acid with pH measurement was revealed, but was effectively resolved by 80% concentration reduction without affecting biological performance. Microfluidic pH control and feeding (pulsed, constant and exponential) were successfully implemented: Whereas pH control improved performance only slightly, feeding revealed a much higher optimization potential. Exponential feeding with µ = 0.1 h-1 resulted in the highest product titers. In contrast, other performance indicators such as biomass-specific or volumetric productivity resulted in different optimal feeding regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Morschett
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Roman Jansen
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Neuendorf
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Matthias Moch
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wiechert
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- Computational Systems Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marco Oldiges
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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5
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Kusuma SAF, Parwati I, Rostinawati T, Yusuf M, Fadhlillah M, Ahyudanari RR, Rukayadi Y, Subroto T. Optimization of culture conditions for Mpt64 synthetic gene expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using surface response methodology. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02741. [PMID: 31844694 PMCID: PMC6895765 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
MPT64 is a specific protein that is secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). The objective of this study was to obtain optimum culture conditions for MPT64 synthetic gene expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM was undertaken to optimize the culture conditions under different cultivation conditions (medium concentration, induction time and inducer concentration), designed by the factorial Box-Bhenken using Minitab 17 statistical software. From the randomized combination, 15 treatments and three center point repetitions were obtained. Furthermore, expression methods were carried out in the flask scale fermentation in accordance with the predetermined design. Then, the MPT64 protein in the cytoplasm of E. coli cell was isolated and characterized using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrilamide electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) then quantified using the ImageJ program. The optimum conditions were two-fold medium concentration (tryptone 20 mg/mL, yeast extract 10 mg/mL, and sodium chloride 20 mg/mL), 5 h of induction time and 4 mM rhamnose. The average concentration of recombinant MPT64 at optimum conditions was 0.0392 mg/mL, higher than the predicted concentration of 0.0311 mg/mL. In conclusion, the relationship between the selected optimization parameters strongly influenced the level of MPT64 gene expression in E. coli BL21 (DE3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Agung Fitri Kusuma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia.,Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ida Parwati
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Tina Rostinawati
- Department of Biology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Yusuf
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia.,Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Fadhlillah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia.,Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.,PT. Genpro Multiguna Sejahtera, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Risa R Ahyudanari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Yaya Rukayadi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Toto Subroto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia.,Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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6
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Systems biology approach in the formulation of chemically defined media for recombinant protein overproduction. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8315-8326. [PMID: 31418052 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cell culture medium is an intricate mixture of components which has a tremendous effect on cell growth and recombinant protein production. Regular cell culture medium includes various components, and the decision about which component should be included in the formulation and its optimum amount is an underlying issue in biotechnology industries. Applying conventional techniques to design an optimal medium for the production of a recombinant protein requires meticulous and immense research. Moreover, since the medium formulation for the production of one protein could not be the best choice for another protein, hence, the most suitable media should be determined for each recombinant cell line. Accordingly, medium formulation becomes a laborious, time-consuming, and costly process in biomanufacturing of recombinant protein, and finding alternative strategies for medium development seems to be crucial. In silico modeling is an attractive concept to be adapted for medium formulation due to its high potential to supersede laboratory examinations. By emerging the high-throughput datasets, scientists can disclose the knowledge about the effect of medium components on cell growth and metabolism, and via applying this information through systems biology approach, medium formulation optimization could be accomplished in silico with no need of significant amount of experimentation. This review demonstrates some of the applications of systems biology as a powerful tool for medium development and illustrates the effect of medium optimization with system-level analysis on the production of recombinant proteins in different host cells.
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7
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Hemmerich J, Moch M, Jurischka S, Wiechert W, Freudl R, Oldiges M. Combinatorial impact of Sec signal peptides fromBacillus subtilisand bioprocess conditions on heterologous cutinase secretion byCorynebacterium glutamicum. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 116:644-655. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hemmerich
- Forschungszentrum JülichInstitute of Bio‐ and Geosciences—Biotechnology (IBG‐1)Jülich Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)c/o Forschungszentrum JülichJülich Germany
| | - Matthias Moch
- Forschungszentrum JülichInstitute of Bio‐ and Geosciences—Biotechnology (IBG‐1)Jülich Germany
| | - Sarah Jurischka
- Forschungszentrum JülichInstitute of Bio‐ and Geosciences—Biotechnology (IBG‐1)Jülich Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)c/o Forschungszentrum JülichJülich Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wiechert
- Forschungszentrum JülichInstitute of Bio‐ and Geosciences—Biotechnology (IBG‐1)Jülich Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)c/o Forschungszentrum JülichJülich Germany
- Computational Systems Biotechnology (AVT.CSB)RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen Germany
| | - Roland Freudl
- Forschungszentrum JülichInstitute of Bio‐ and Geosciences—Biotechnology (IBG‐1)Jülich Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)c/o Forschungszentrum JülichJülich Germany
| | - Marco Oldiges
- Forschungszentrum JülichInstitute of Bio‐ and Geosciences—Biotechnology (IBG‐1)Jülich Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC)c/o Forschungszentrum JülichJülich Germany
- Institute of BiotechnologyRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen Germany
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8
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Sekar A, Shin Y, Jeong H, Kim K. Statistical optimization of culture medium to produce recombinant viral protein by Escherichia coli host for diagnostic kit to detect human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:666-671. [PMID: 30205955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The maximal production of recombinant HIV1 gp41 by E. coli was examined in optimal culture condition and medium compositions. The culture condition such as growth, initial medium pHs, IPTG concentrations, induction times, temperature (0.5 OD, 7.6, 0.75 mM, 4.6 h, 32 °C respectively), and yeast extract (7.51 g/l), tryptone (7.26 g/l), glucose (2.45 g/l), NaCl (20.40 g/l), betaine (10.41 mM) and ampicillin (71.23 μg/ml) was optimized using statistical experimental design and response surface method (RSM). One of the main popular methods to attain high cell density in fed-batch culture is by controlling the nutrient feeding, which is often necessary for high yield in protein (0.63-0.72 mg/l) and cell (1.7-2 g/l) of the desired product in four litter fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashokkumar Sekar
- Division of Bio-industry, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Yungoh Shin
- Department of Bio-medical Science and Engineering, KonKuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongchul Jeong
- Division of Data-science, University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Kim
- Division of Bio-industry, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Metabolic responses to recombinant bioprocesses in Escherichia coli. J Biotechnol 2012; 164:396-408. [PMID: 23022453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli has been widely used for the production of recombinant proteins. However, the unbalances between host metabolism and recombinant biosynthesis continue to hamper the efficiency of these recombinant bioprocesses. The additional drainage of biosynthetic precursors toward recombinant processes burdens severely the metabolism of cells that, ultimately, elicits a series of stress responses, reducing biomass growth and recombinant protein production. Several strategies to overcome these metabolic limitations have been implemented; however, in most cases, improvements in recombinant protein expression were achieved at the expense of biomass growth arrest, which significantly hampers the efficiency of recombinant bioprocesses. With the advent of high throughput techniques and modelling approaches that provide a system-level understanding of the cellular systems, it is now expected that new advances in recombinant bioprocesses are achieved. By providing means to deal with these systems, our understanding on the metabolic behaviour of recombinant cells will advance and can be further explored to the design of suitable hosts and more efficient and cost-effective bioprocesses. Here, we review the major metabolic responses associated with recombinant processes and the engineering strategies relevant to overcome these stresses. Moreover, the advantages of applying systems levels engineering strategies to enhance recombinant protein production in E. coli cells are discussed and future perspectives on the advances of mathematical modelling approaches to study these systems are exposed.
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10
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Glucose-limited high cell density cultivations from small to pilot plant scale using an enzyme-controlled glucose delivery system. N Biotechnol 2012; 29:235-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Enhanced production of periplasmic interferon alpha-2b by Escherichia coli using ion-exchange resin for in situ removal of acetate in the culture. Biochem Eng J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2011.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Chen R, John J, Rode B, Hitzmann B, Gerardy-Schahn R, Kasper C, Scheper T. Comparison of polysialic acid production in Escherichia coli K1 during batch cultivation and fed-batch cultivation applying two different control strategies. J Biotechnol 2011; 154:222-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Xue W, Fan D, Shang L, Zhu C, Ma X, Zhu X, Yu Y. Effects of acetic acid and its assimilation in fed-batch cultures of recombinant Escherichia coli containing human-like collagen cDNA. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 109:257-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Tripathi NK, Shrivastva A, Biswal KC, Rao PL. METHODS: Optimization of culture medium for production of recombinant dengue protein inEscherichia coli. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2009. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2009.3.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh K. Tripathi
- Bioprocess Scale-up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474002, India Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - Ambuj Shrivastva
- Bioprocess Scale-up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474002, India
| | - Karttik C. Biswal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - P.V. Lakshmana Rao
- Bioprocess Scale-up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474002, India
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15
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Kinetic studies of recombinant human interferon-gamma expression in continuous cultures of E. coli. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 36:1453-8. [PMID: 19727876 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of continuous cultures was performed to understand the product formation kinetics of recombinant human interferon gamma (rhIFN-gamma) in Escherichia coli at different dilution rates ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 h(-1) in different media. A T7 promoter-based vector was used for expression of IFN-gamma in E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells. The recombinant protein was produced as inclusion bodies, thus allowing a rapid buildup of rhIFN-gamma inside the cell, with the specific product yield (Y(p/X)) reaching a maximum value of 182 mg g(-1) dry cell weight (DCW). In all the media tested, the specific product formation rate (q(p)) was found to be strongly correlated with the specific growth rate (mu), demonstrating the growth-associated nature of product formation. The q(p) values show no significant decline with time postinduction, even though the recombinant protein has been over produced inside the cell. The maximum q(p) level of 75.5 mg g(-1) h(-1) was achieved at the first hour of induction at the dilution rate of 0.3 h(-1). Also, this correlation between q(p) and mu was not critically dependent on media composition, which would made it possible to grow cells in defined media in the growth phase and then push up the specific growth rate just before induction by pulse addition of glucose and yeast extract. This would ensure the twin objectives of high biomass and high specific productivities, leading to high volumetric product concentration.
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16
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Metabolic engineering for improving anthranilate synthesis from glucose in Escherichia coli. Microb Cell Fact 2009; 8:19. [PMID: 19341482 PMCID: PMC2671490 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-8-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 04/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthranilate is an aromatic amine used industrially as an intermediate for the synthesis of dyes, perfumes, pharmaceuticals and other classes of products. Chemical synthesis of anthranilate is an unsustainable process since it implies the use of nonrenewable benzene and the generation of toxic by-products. In Escherichia coli anthranilate is synthesized from chorismate by anthranilate synthase (TrpED) and then converted to phosphoribosyl anthranilate by anthranilate phosphoribosyl transferase to continue the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway. With the purpose of generating a microbial strain for anthranilate production from glucose, E. coli W3110 trpD9923, a mutant in the trpD gene that displays low anthranilate producing capacity, was characterized and modified using metabolic engineering strategies. RESULTS Sequencing of the trpED genes from E. coli W3110 trpD9923 revealed a nonsense mutation in the trpD gene, causing the loss of anthranilate phosphoribosyl transferase activity, but maintaining anthranilate synthase activity, thus causing anthranilate accumulation. The effects of expressing genes encoding a feedback inhibition resistant version of the enzyme 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase (aroGfbr), transketolase (tktA), glucokinase (glk) and galactose permease (galP), as well as phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) inactivation on anthranilate production capacity, were evaluated. In shake flask experiments with minimal medium, strains W3110 trpD9923 PTS- and W3110 trpD9923/pJLBaroGfbrtktA displayed the best production parameters, accumulating 0.70-0.75 g/L of anthranilate, with glucose-yields corresponding to 28-46% of the theoretical maximum. To study the effects of extending the growth phase on anthranilate production a fed-batch fermentation process was developed using complex medium, where strain W3110 trpD9923/pJLBaroGfbrtktA produced 14 g/L of anthranilate in 34 hours. CONCLUSION This work constitutes the first example of a microbial system for the environmentally-compatible synthesis of anthranilate generated by metabolic engineering. The results presented here, including the characterization of mutation in the trpD gene from strain W3110 trpD9923 and the development of a fermentation strategy, establish a step forward towards the future improvement of a sustainable process for anthranilate production. In addition, the present work provides very useful data regarding the positive and negative consequences of the evaluated metabolic engineering strategies.
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Maharajh D, Lalloo R, Görgens J. Effect of an exponential feeding regime on the production of Rhodotorula araucariae epoxide hydrolase in Yarrowia lipolytica. Lett Appl Microbiol 2008; 47:520-5. [PMID: 18778373 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02425.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effect of and exponential feeding regime on the production of epoxide hydrolase (EH) enzyme in recombinant Yarrowia lipolytica in comparison to a constant feed strategy. METHODS AND RESULTS An exponential feed model was developed and fermentations were fed at six different exponential rates. A twofold increase in EH productivity and a 15% increase in volumetric EH activity was obtained by applying exponential glucose feed rates in fed-batch cultivation. These responses were modelled to obtain a theoretical optimum feed rate that was validated in duplicate fermentations. The model optimum of 0.06 h(-1) resulted in a volumetric EH activity of c. 5500 U l(-1) h(-1) and a maximum activity of 206,000 U l(-1). This correlated well with model predictions, with a variance of <10%. CONCLUSIONS The use of an exponential feed strategy at a rate of 0.06 h(-1) yielded best results for all key responses which show a clear improvement over a constant feed strategy. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The study was the first evaluation of an exponential feed strategy on recombinant Y. lipolytica for the production of EH enzyme. The results suggest a strategy for the commercial production of a valuable pharmaceutical enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Maharajh
- CSIR Biosciences, Modderfontein, Gauteng, South Africa.
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Sharma SS, Blattner FR, Harcum SW. Recombinant protein production in an Escherichia coli reduced genome strain. Metab Eng 2006; 9:133-41. [PMID: 17126054 PMCID: PMC3710453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2006.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2006] [Revised: 10/04/2006] [Accepted: 10/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Recently, efforts have been made to improve the properties of Escherichia coli as a recombinant host by 'genomic surgery'-deleting large segments of the E. coli K12 MG1655 genome without scars. These excised segments included K-islands, which contain a high proportion of transposons, insertion sequences, cryptic phage, damaged, and unknown-function genes. The resulting multiple-deletion strain, designated E. coli MDS40, has a 14% (about 700 genes) smaller genome than the parent strain, E. coli MG1655. The multiple-deletion and parent E. coli strains were cultured in fed-batch fermenters to high cell densities on minimal medium to simulate industrial conditions for evaluating growth and recombinant protein production characteristics. Recombinant protein production and by-product levels were quantified at different controlled growth rates. These results indicate that the multiple-deletion strain's growth behavior and recombinant protein productivity closely matched the parent stain. Thus, the multiple-deletion strain E. coli MDS40 provides a suitable foundation for further genomic reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamik S. Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | | | - Sarah W. Harcum
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: . Phone: (864) 656 6865 Fax: (864) 656 0567
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de Maré L, Velut S, Ledung E, Cimander C, Norrman B, Karlsson EN, Holst O, Hagander P. A cultivation technique for E. coli fed-batch cultivations operating close to the maximum oxygen transfer capacity of the reactor. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 27:983-90. [PMID: 16132841 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-005-7844-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2005] [Accepted: 05/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A cultivation strategy combining the advantages of temperature-limited fed-batch and probing feeding control is presented. The technique was evaluated in fed-batch cultivations with E. coli BL21(DE3) producing xylanase in a 3 liter bioreactor. A 20% increase in cell mass was achieved and the usual decrease in specific enzyme activity normally observed during the late production phase was diminished with the new technique. The method was further tested by growing E. coli W3110 in a larger bioreactor (50 l). It is a suitable cultivation technique when the O2 transfer capacity of the reactor is reached and it is desired to continue to produce the recombinant protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- L de Maré
- Department of Automatic Control, Lund Institute of Technology, 118 SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.
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Kinetic studies of recombinant human interferon-alpha (rhIFN-α) expression in transient state continuous cultures. Biochem Eng J 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2005.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wang Y, Ding H, Du P, Gan R, Ye Q. Production of phoA promoter-controlled human epidermal growth factor in fed-batch cultures of Escherichia coli YK537 (pAET-8). Process Biochem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2005.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yazdani SS, Shakri AR, Chitnis CE. A high cell density fermentation strategy to produce recombinant malarial antigen in E. coli. Biotechnol Lett 2004; 26:1891-5. [PMID: 15672234 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-004-6040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2004] [Accepted: 11/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A high cell density cultivation method was developed to produce recombinant PvRII, a malaria vaccine candidate, in E. coli for use in vaccine studies. Cells were grown in completely defined media and glucose was fed to achieve a specific growth rate of 0.12 h(-1) until cells reached 55 g dry wt l(-1). Culture was then induced with 1 mM: IPTG and cells were further grown for 4 h to reach 85 g dry wt l(-1) at 0.1 h(-1). Recombinant PvRII was purified from inclusion bodies under denaturing conditions using metal affinity chromatography which yielded 10 mg PvRII g(-1) dry wt. After refolding, PvRII was greater than 98% pure, homogeneous and functionally active in that it specifically bound Duffy positive human red cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shams Yazdani
- Malaria Research Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Minimizing inclusion body formation during recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli at bench and pilot plant scale. Enzyme Microb Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2003.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
An electronic tongue comprising 21 potentiometric chemical sensors with pattern recognition tools was used for the rapid off-line monitoring of batch Escherichia coli fermentations. The electronic tongue was capable of monitoring the changes in the media composition as the fermentation progressed, and could correlate this with an increase in biomass. The electronic tongue was also able to monitor the increase in organic acids, especially acetic acid, throughout the fermentation. This technique clearly shows promise as a rapid tool for fermentation monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Turner
- Silsoe Research Institute, Wrest Park, Silsoe, Bedford MK45 4HS, UK.
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Akesson M, Hagander P, Axelsson JP. Avoiding acetate accumulation in Escherichia coli cultures using feedback control of glucose feeding. Biotechnol Bioeng 2001; 73:223-30. [PMID: 11257604 DOI: 10.1002/bit.1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An automated glucose feeding strategy that avoids acetate accumulation in cultivations of Escherichia coli is discussed. We have previously described how a probing technique makes it possible to detect and avoid overflow metabolism using a dissolved oxygen sensor. In this article these ideas are extended with a safety net that guarantees that aerobic conditions are maintained. The method is generally applicable, as no strain-specific information is needed and the only sensor required is a standard dissolved oxygen probe. It also gives the highest feed rate possible with respect to limitations from overflow metabolism and oxygen transfer, thus maximizing bioreactor productivity. The strategy was implemented on three different laboratory-scale platforms and fed-batch cultivations under different operating conditions were performed with three recombinant strains, E. coli K-12 UL635, E. coli BL21(DE3), and E. coli K-12 UL634. In spite of disturbances from antifoam and induction of recombinant protein production, the method reproducibly gave low concentrations of acetate and glucose. The ability to obtain favorable cultivation conditions independently of strain and operating conditions makes the presented strategy a useful tool, especially in situations where it is important to get good results on the first attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akesson
- Department of Automatic Control, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund, Sweden.
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Wong HH, Kim YC, Lee SY, Chang HN. Effect of post-induction nutrient feeding strategies on the production of bioadhesive protein in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 1998; 60:271-6. [PMID: 10099428 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19981105)60:3<271::aid-bit1>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The effect of post-induction nutrient feeding strategies on the production of bioadhesive protein using an IPTG inducible expression system in Escherichia coli was investigated. Cells were cultured in an exponential fed-batch mode to the OD600 of ca. 100 (48 gDCW/L) prior to induction. Six different post-induction nutrient feeding strategies (pH-stat, exponential, constant and linear change in feeding rate with three different slopes) were then applied, and bioadhesive protein production was examined. It was found that post-induction cell growth was independent of nutrient feeding rate. However, bioadhesive protein production was significantly affected by post-induction feeding strategies. Linearly changing post-induction feeding rate with a suitable slope allowed production of bioadhesive protein up to 5.3 g/L, which was higher than that obtained by the other post-induction feeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Kusong-dong, Yusong-gu, Taejon 305-701, Korea
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Optimising enzyme production by bakers yeast in continuous culture: physiological knowledge useful for process design and control. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02391584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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