1
|
Pérez-Bibbins B, Torrado-Agrasar A, Salgado JM, Mussatto SI, Domínguez JM. Xylitol production in immobilized cultures: a recent review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:691-704. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1004660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Pérez-Bibbins
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Ourense, Spain,
- Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI (University of Vigo)-Tecnópole, Technological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain,
| | - Ana Torrado-Agrasar
- Bromatology Group, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Ourense, Spain, and
| | - José Manuel Salgado
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Ourense, Spain,
- Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI (University of Vigo)-Tecnópole, Technological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain,
| | - Solange I. Mussatto
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - José Manuel Domínguez
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Ourense, Spain,
- Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI (University of Vigo)-Tecnópole, Technological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Castañón-Rodríguez JF, Domínguez-González JM, Ortíz-Muñiz B, Torrestiana-Sanchez B, de León JAR, Aguilar-Uscanga MG. Continuous multistep versus fed-batch production of ethanol and xylitol in a simulated medium of sugarcane bagasse hydrolyzates. Eng Life Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benigno Ortíz-Muñiz
- Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tierra Blanca; Tierra Blanca; Veracruz México
| | | | - José Alberto Ramírez de León
- Centro de Excelencia, Dirección General de Innovación Tecnológica; Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas; Tamaulipas México
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Farias D, de Andrade RR, Maugeri-Filho F. Kinetic Modeling of Ethanol Production by Scheffersomyces stipitis from Xylose. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:361-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
4
|
Sarrouh BF, de Freitas Branco R, da Silva SS. Biotechnological Production of Xylitol: Enhancement of Monosaccharide Production by Post-Hydrolysis of Dilute Acid Sugarcane Hydrolysate. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 153:163-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
5
|
Ishchuk OP, Dmytruk KV, Rohulya OV, Voronovsky AY, Abbas CA, Sibirny AA. Development of a promoter assay system for the flavinogenic yeast Candida famata based on the Kluyveromyces lactis β-galactosidase LAC4 reporter gene. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Sampaio FC, Chaves-Alves VM, Converti A, Lopes Passos FM, Cavalcante Coelho JL. Influence of cultivation conditions on xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion by a new isolate of Debaryomyces hansenii. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:502-8. [PMID: 17350252 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 11/04/2006] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
About 270 yeast isolates were screened for xylitol production using xylose as the sole carbon source. The best isolate, Debaryomyces hansenii UFV-170, released 5.84 g L(-1) xylitol from 10 g L(-1) xylose after 24 h, corresponding to a yield of xylitol on consumed substrate (Y(P/S)) of 0.54 g g(-1). This strain was cultivated batch-wise at variable starting concentrations of xylose (S(o)) and biomass (X(o)) and agitation intensity, in order to improve xylitol production and to evaluate, through simple carbon balances, the influence of these conditions on xylose metabolism. Under the best microaerobic conditions (S(o) = 53 g L(-1), X(o) = 1.4 g L(-1), 200 rpm), xylitol production reached 37.0 g L(-1), corresponding to xylitol volumetric productivity of 1.0 g L(-1)h(-1), specific productivity of 0.22 g g(-1)h(-1) and Y(P/S) = 0.76 g g(-1). Almost 83% of xylose was consumed for xylitol production, the rest being consumed for growth, while respiration was negligible. The new isolate appeared to be a promising alternative for industrial xylitol bioproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio C Sampaio
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Biotecnologia Aplicada à Agropecuária, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs s/n, 36571-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rao RS, Bhadra B, Shivaji S. Isolation and Characterization of Xylitol-Producing Yeasts from the Gut of Colleopteran Insects. Curr Microbiol 2007; 55:441-6. [PMID: 17710483 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-007-9005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2007] [Accepted: 04/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A total of 35 yeasts were isolated from the gut of beetles collected from Hyderabad city, India. Twenty of these yeasts utilized xylose as a sole carbon source but only 12 of these converted xylose to xylitol. The ability to convert xylose to xylitol varied among the isolates and ranged from 0.12 to 0.58 g/g xylose. Based on the phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the D1/D2 domain sequence of 26S rRNA gene, these isolates were identified as members of Pichia, Candida, Issatchenkia, and Clavispora. Strain YS 54 (CBS 10446), which was phylogenetically similar to Pichia caribbica and which formed hat-shaped ascospore characteristics of the genus Pichia, was the best xylitol producer (0.58 g xylitol/g xylose). YS 54 was also capable of producing xylitol from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate and the efficiency of conversion was 0.32 g xylitol/g xylose after 20 cycles of adaptation in medium containing sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Sreenivas Rao
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Rivas B, Torre P, Domínguez JM, Converti A, Parajó JC. Purification of xylitol obtained by fermentation of corncob hydrolysates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:4430-5. [PMID: 16756377 DOI: 10.1021/jf053156x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysates obtained by autohydrolysis-posthydrolysis of corncobs were detoxified with charcoal, concentrated, supplemented with nutrients, and fermented with Debaryomyces hansenii. After biomass removal, the fermented media contained 0.1137 kg of nonvolatile components (NVC)/kg of liquor, which corresponded mainly to xylitol (0.6249 kg/kg of NVC) but also to minor amounts of inorganic components (measured as ashes), proteins, nonfermented sugars (xylose and arabinose), uronic acids, arabitol, and other nonvolatile components (ONVC). The media were subjected to further processing (sequential stages of adsorption, concentration, ethanol precipitation, concentration, and crystallization) to obtain food-grade xylitol. Adsorption experiments were carried out at various solid-to-liquor ratios. Under selected conditions (1 kg of charcoal/15 kg of liquors), the xylitol content increased to 0.6873 kg/kg of NVC, and almost total decoloration was achieved. The resulting liquor was concentrated by evaporation to increase its NVC content to 0.4032 kg/kg of liquor (corresponding to a xylitol concentration of 0.280 kg/kg of liquor), and ethanol was added to precipitate a part of the NVC (mainly proteins, but also uronic acids, ashes, and other nonvolatile compounds). Refined liquors (containing 0.7303 kg of xylitol/kg of NVC) were concentrated again, and ethanol was added (to reach 40-60% volume of the stream) to allow crystallization at -10 or -5 degrees C. Under selected conditions, 43.7% of xylitol contained in the initial fermentation broth was recovered in well-formed, homogeneous crystals, in which xylitol accounted for 98.9% of the total oven-dry weight. Material balances are presented for the whole processing scheme considered in this work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Rivas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnical Building, Vigo University (Campus of Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dmytruk KV, Voronovsky AY, Sibirny AA. Insertion mutagenesis of the yeast Candida famata (Debaryomyces hansenii) by random integration of linear DNA fragments. Curr Genet 2006; 50:183-91. [PMID: 16770625 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-006-0083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2006] [Revised: 05/17/2006] [Accepted: 05/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility of using random insertional mutagenesis to isolate mutants of the flavinogenic yeast Candida famata was explored. Mutagenesis was performed by transformation of the yeast with an integrative plasmid containing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae LEU2 gene as a selective marker. The addition of restriction enzyme together with the plasmid (restriction enzyme-mediated integration, REMI) increased the transformation frequency only slightly. Integration of the linearized plasmid occurred randomly in the C. famata genome. To investigate the potential of insertional mutagenesis, it was used for tagging genes involved in positive regulation of riboflavin synthesis in C. famata. Partial DNA sequencing of tagged genes showed that they were homologous to the S. cerevisiae genes RIB1, MET2, and SEF1. Intact orthologs of these genes isolated from Debaryomyces hansenii restored the wild phenotype of the corresponding mutants, i.e., the ability to overproduce riboflavin under iron limitation. The Staphylococcus aureus ble gene conferring resistance to phleomycin was used successfully in the study as a dominant selection marker for C. famata. The results obtained indicate that insertional mutagenesis is a powerful tool for tagging genes in C. famata.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rodrigues RCLB, Sene L, Matos GS, Roberto IC, Pessoa A, Felipe MGA. Enhanced Xylitol Production by Precultivation of Candida guilliermondii Cells in Sugarcane Bagasse Hemicellulosic Hydrolysate. Curr Microbiol 2006; 53:53-9. [PMID: 16775788 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-005-0242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2005] [Accepted: 10/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present work evaluated the key enzymes involved in xylitol production (xylose reductase [XR] and xylitol dehydrogenase [XDH]) and their correlation with xylose, arabinose, and acetic acid assimilation during cultivation of Candida guilliermondii FTI 20037 cells in sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate. For this purpose, inocula previously grown either in sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate (SBHH) or in semidefined medium (xylose as a substrate) were used. The highest xylose/acetic acid consumption ratio (1.78) and the lowest arabinose consumption (13%) were attained in the fermentation using inoculum previously grown in semidefined medium (without acetic acid and arabinose). In this case, the highest values of XR (1.37 U mg prot(-1)) and XDH (0.91 U mg prot(-1)) activities were observed. The highest xylitol yield (approximately 0.55 g g(-1)) and byproducts (ethanol and glycerol) formation were not influenced by inoculum procedure. However, the cell previously grown in the hydrolysate was effective in enhancing xylitol production by keeping the XR enzyme activity at high levels (around 0.99 U.mg(prot) (-1)), reducing the XDH activity (34.0%) and increasing xylitol volumetric productivity (26.5%) with respect to the inoculum cultivated in semidefined medium. Therefore, inoculum adaptation to SBHH was shown to be an important strategy to improve xylitol productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita C L B Rodrigues
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, DEBIQ, Faculdade de Engenharia Química de Lorena, FAENQUIL, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Carvalheiro F, Duarte LC, Lopes S, Parajó JC, Pereira H, Gírio FM. Supplementation requirements of brewery's spent grain hydrolysate for biomass and xylitol production by Debaryomyces hansenii CCMI 941. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2006; 33:646-54. [PMID: 16520980 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-006-0101-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2005] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of nutrient supplementation of brewery's spent grain (BSG) hydrolysates was evaluated with respect to biomass and xylitol production by Debaryomyces hansenii. For optimal biomass production, supplementation of full-strength BSG hydrolysates required only phosphate (0.5 g l(-1) KH(2)PO(4)), leading to a biomass yield and productivity of 0.60 g g(-1) monosaccharides and 0.55 g l(-1 )h(-1), respectively. Under the conditions studied, no metabolic products other than CO(2) and biomass were identified. For xylitol production, fourfold and sixfold concentrated hydrolysate-based media were used to assess the supplementation effects. The type of nutrient supplementation modulated the ratio of total polyols/total extracellular metabolites as well as the xylitol/arabitol ratio. While the former varied from 0.8 to 1, the xylitol/arabitol ratio reached a maximum value of 2.6 for yeast extract (YE)-supplemented hydrolysates. The increase in xylitol productivity and yield was related to the increase of the percentage of consumed xylose induced by supplementation. The best xylitol yield and productivity were found for YE supplementation corresponding to 0.55 g g(-1) and 0.36 g l(-1 )h(-1), respectively. In sixfold concentrated hydrolysates, providing that the hydrolysate was supplemented, the levels of xylitol produced were similar or higher than those for arabitol. Xylitol yield exhibited a further increase in the sixfold hydrolysate supplemented with trace elements, vitamins and minerals to 0.65 g g(-1), albeit the xylitol productivity was somewhat lower. The effect of using activated charcoal detoxification in non-supplemented versus supplemented sixfold hydrolysates was also studied. Detoxification did not improve polyols formation, suggesting that the hemicellulose-derived inhibitor levels present in concentrated BSG hydrolysates are well tolerated by D. hansenii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Carvalheiro
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, INETI, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Breuer U, Harms H. Debaryomyces hansenii — an extremophilic yeast with biotechnological potential. Yeast 2006; 23:415-37. [PMID: 16652409 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We illuminate the ecological, physiological and genetic characteristics of the yeast Debaryomyces hansenii in the view of our belief that this metabolically versatile, non-pathogenic, osmotolerant and oleaginous microorganism represents an attractive target for fundamental and applied biotechnological research. To this end, we give a broad overview of extant biotechnological procedures using D. hansenii, e.g. in the manufacture of various foods, and propose research into the heterologous synthesis of a range of fine chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Breuer
- UFZ-Centre of Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carvalheiro F, Duarte L, Lopes S, Parajó J, Pereira H, Gı́rio F. Evaluation of the detoxification of brewery’s spent grain hydrolysate for xylitol production by Debaryomyces hansenii CCMI 941. Process Biochem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2004.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Converti A, Arni S, Sato S, de Carvalho JCM, Aquarone E. Simplified modeling of fed-batch alcoholic fermentation of sugarcane blackstrap molasses. Biotechnol Bioeng 2003; 84:88-95. [PMID: 12910547 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Simplified modeling based on material balances for biomass, ethanol and substrate was used to describe the kinetics of fed-batch alcohol fermentation of sugarcane blackstrap molasses. Maintenance requirements were previously shown to be of particular significance in this system, owing to the use of massive inoculum to minimize inhibitions; therefore, they were taken into consideration for kinetic modeling. Average values of biomass and ethanol yields, productivities, and substrate consumption rates, calculated at the end of runs performed either at constant or exponentially varying flow rates, demonstrated that all of these parameters were influenced by the initial sugar-feeding rate, F(o)S(o). Under conditions of substrate shortage (F(o)S(o) </= 300 g(S) h(-1)), the amount of carbon dioxide produced was higher than that corresponding to the stoichiometry of sucrose fermentation to ethanol, indicating that an appreciable fraction of the carbon source was likely consumed by respiration. Besides, the biomass yields either on substrate, Y(X/S), or ethanol, Y(X/E), as well as the product yield on substrate, Y(E/S), notably decreased. These results are in agreement with the relatively high specific rate of anaerobic substrate consumption for maintenance estimated for this system (m(a) (s) = 0.789 g(S) g(X) (-1) h(-1)), which was responsible for the consumption of more than 70% of the fed carbon source. The proposed equations derived from the Monod model proved to be a useful tool to easily predict the performance of this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Converti
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering "G.B. Bonino", University of Genoa, via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Aguilar R, Ramı́rez J, Garrote G, Vázquez M. Kinetic study of the acid hydrolysis of sugar cane bagasse. J FOOD ENG 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0260-8774(02)00106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
17
|
Aguiar WB, Faria LF, Couto MA, Araujo OQ, Pereira N. Growth model and prediction of oxygen transfer rate for xylitol production from d-xylose by C. guilliermondii. Biochem Eng J 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1369-703x(02)00040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
18
|
Rivas B, Domı́nguez J, Domı́nguez H, Parajó J. Bioconversion of posthydrolysed autohydrolysis liquors: an alternative for xylitol production from corn cobs. Enzyme Microb Technol 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(02)00098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
19
|
Carvalho W, Silva SS, Converti A, Vitolo M. Metabolic behavior of immobilized Candida guilliermondii cells during batch xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse acid hydrolyzate. Biotechnol Bioeng 2002; 79:165-9. [PMID: 12115432 DOI: 10.1002/bit.10319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Candida guilliermondii cells, immobilized in Ca-alginate beads, were used for batch xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hydrolyzate. Maximum xylitol concentration (20.6 g/L), volumetric productivity (0.43 g/L. h), and yield (0.47 g/g) obtained after 48 h of fermentation were higher than similar immobilized-cell systems but lower than free-cell cultivation systems. Substrates, products, and biomass concentrations were used in material balances to study the ways in which the different carbon sources were utilized by the yeast cells under microaerobic conditions. The fraction of xylose consumed to produce xylitol reached a maximum value (0.70) after glucose and oxygen depletion while alternative metabolic routes were favored by sub-optimal conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Carvalho
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering of Lorena, Rodovia Itajubá-Lorena, km 74.5, Lorena, S.P., Brazil, 12600-000
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Converti A, Domínguez JM. Influence of temperature and pH on xylitol production from xylose by Debaryomyces hansenii. Biotechnol Bioeng 2001; 75:39-45. [PMID: 11536125 DOI: 10.1002/bit.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The production of xylitol from concentrated synthetic xylose solutions (S(o) = 130-135 g/L) by Debaryomyces hansenii was investigated at different pH and temperature values. At optimum starting pH (pH(o) = 5.5), T = 24 degrees C, and relatively low starting biomass levels (0.5-0.6 g(x)/L), 88% of xylose was utilized for xylitol production, the rest being preferentially fermented to ethanol (10%). Under these conditions, nearly 70% of initial carbon was recovered as xylitol, corresponding to final xylitol concentration of 91.9 g(P)/L, product yield on substrate of 0.81 g(P)/g(S), and maximum volumetric and specific productivities of 1.86 g(P)/L x h and 1.43 g(P)/g(x) x h, respectively. At higher and lower pH(o) values, respiration also became important, consuming up to 32% of xylose, while negligible amounts were utilized for cell growth (0.8-1.8%). The same approach extended to the effect of temperature on the metabolism of this yeast at pH(o) = 5.5 and higher biomass levels (1.4-3.0 g(x)/L) revealed that, at temperatures ranging from 32-37 degrees C, xylose was nearly completely consumed to produce xylitol, reaching a maximum volumetric productivity of 4.67 g(P)/L x h at 35 degrees C. Similarly, both respiration and ethanol fermentation became significant either at higher or at lower temperatures. Finally, to elucidate the kinetic mechanisms of both xylitol production and thermal inactivation of the system, the related thermodynamic parameters were estimated from the experimental data with the Arrhenius model: activation enthalpy and entropy were 57.7 kJ/mol and -0.152 kJ/mol x K for xylitol production and 187.3 kJ/mol and 0.054 kJ/mol x K for thermal inactivation, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Converti
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering G.B. Bonino, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Garrote G, Domínguez H, Parajó JC. Generation of xylose solutions from Eucalyptus globulus wood by autohydrolysis-posthydrolysis processes: posthydrolysis kinetics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2001; 79:155-64. [PMID: 11480924 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8524(01)00044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Eucalyptus wood samples were treated with water under selected operational conditions (autohydrolysis reaction) to obtain a liquid phase containing hemicellulose-decomposition products (mainly acetylated xylooligosaccharides, xylose and acetic acid). In a further acid-catalysed step (posthydrolysis reaction), xylooligosaccharides were converted into xylose, a carbon source for further fermentation. The kinetic pattern governing the posthydrolysis step was established by reacting xylooligosaccharide-containing liquors at 100.5 degrees C, 115 degrees C, 125 degrees C or 135 degrees C in media containing 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2 wt% of catalyst (sulphuric acid). The time course of the concentrations of xylooligosaccharides, xylose, furfural and acetic acid were determined, and the results were interpreted by means of a kinetic model which allowed a close reproduction of the experimental data. Almost quantitative conversion of xylooligosaccharides into xylose was achieved under a variety of experimental conditions. The first-order, kinetic coefficient for xylooligosaccharide hydrolysis (k1, h(-1)) varied with both temperature (T, K) and molar sulphuric acid concentration (C) according to the equation In k1 = 36.66 + 1.00lnC - 108.0/(8.314T). The hydrolysis of acetyl groups followed a first-order kinetics. The corresponding kinetic coefficient (ka, h(-1) was correlated with the operational conditions by the equation Inka = 26.80+ 1.18 InC - 73.37/(8.314T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Garrote
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo, Edificio Politécnico, Ourense, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Converti A, Domínguez JM, Perego P, da Silva SS, Zilli M. Wood Hydrolysis and Hydrolyzate Detoxification for Subsequent Xylitol Production. Chem Eng Technol 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4125(200011)23:11<1013::aid-ceat1013>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
24
|
Tavares JM, Duarte LC, Amaral-Collaço MT, Gírio FM. The influence of hexoses addition on the fermentation of d-xylose in Debaryomyces hansenii under continuous cultivation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2000; 26:743-747. [PMID: 10862880 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(00)00166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of hexoses (glucose and galactose) addition to the feed xylose mineral medium of Debaryomyces hansenii chemostat cultures grown at a constant dilution rate of 0.055 h(-1) was studied. Xylitol was the major product detected amongst all tested conditions. The maximal values for xylitol yield and volumetric productivity (0.56 gg(-1) xylose and 0.21 gl(-1)h(-1), respectively) were obtained for a glucose/xylose feeding ratio of 10%, showing that the addition of small amounts of glucose, but not galactose, enhanced the xylitol production. A xylitol yield increase of 30%, compared with the sole xylose-containing feed medium, was observed. It was found that the oxygen requirement for D. hansenii growth is lower under glucose compared with xylose. Ethanol and glycerol were only produced for glucose/xylose feeding ratio above 30%. The byproducts accumulation was correlated with glucose metabolism, because a direct relationship between the increase of ethanol (and glycerol) concentration and the increase of glucose in the feed medium was found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JM Tavares
- Unidade de Microbiologia Industrial e Bioprocessos, Departamento de Biotecnologia, IBQTA, INETI, Azinhaga dos Lameiros 1649-038, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Domínguez JM, Cao N, Gong CS, Tsao GT. Ethanol production from xylose with the yeast Pichia stipitis and simultaneous product recovery by gas stripping using a gas-lift loop fermentor with attached side-arm (GLSA). Biotechnol Bioeng 2000; 67:336-43. [PMID: 10620264 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(20000205)67:3<336::aid-bit10>3.0.co;2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The bioconversion of xylose into ethanol with the yeast Pichia stipitis CBS 5773 is inhibited when 20 g/L of ethanol are present in the fermentation broth. In order to avoid this limitation, the fermentation was carried out with simultaneous recovery of product by CO(2) stripping. The fermentation was also improved by attaching a side-arm to the main body of a classical gas-lift loop fermentor. This side-arm increases the liquid circulation, mass transfer, and gas distribution, reducing the amount of oxygen in the inlet gas necessary to perform the fermentation of xylose under microaerobic conditions (K(L)a approximately 16 h(-1)). The continuous stripping of ethanol from the fermentation broth in this new bioreactor system allowed the consumption of higher xylose concentrations than using Erlenmeyer shaker flasks, improved significantly the process productivity and provided a clean ethanol solution by using an ice-cooled condenser system. Finally, a fed-batch fermentation was carried out with a K(L)a = 15.8 h(-1). Starting with 248.2 g of xylose, 237.6 g of xylose was consumed to produce 88.1 g of ethanol which represents 72.6% of the theoretical yield (47.2 g/L of ethanol was recovered in the condenser, while 9.6 g/L remained in the fermentation broth).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Domínguez
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering (LORRE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cruz JM, Domínguez JM, Domínguez H, Parajó JC. Preparation of fermentation media from agricultural wastes and their bioconversion into xylitol. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/08905430009549981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
27
|
Parajo JC, Santos V, Vazquez M. Production of carotenoids by phaffia rhodozyma growing on media made from hemicellulosic hydrolysates of eucalyptus globulus wood. Biotechnol Bioeng 1998; 59:501-6. [PMID: 10099364 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19980820)59:4<501::aid-bit13>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Phaffia rhodozyma NRRL Y-17268 cells were proliferated in xylose-containing media made from Eucalyptus wood. Wood samples were subjected to acid hydrolysis under mild operational conditions, and hydrolysates were neutralized with lime. Neutralized hydrolysates were treated with charcoal for removing inhibitors and then supplemented with nutrients to obtain culture media useful for proliferation of the red yeast P. rhodozyma. A set of experiments carried out in orbital shakers proved that hydrolysates containing 16.6 g xylose/L supplemented only with 3 g peptone/L performed well as fermentation media. At the end of experiments, xylose was depleted and 10.5 g cells/L were obtained. Biomass was highly pigmented and volumetric carotenoid concentrations up to 5.8 mg carotenoids/L (with 4.6 mg astaxanthin/L) were reached. Further experiments in batch fermentors using concentrated hydrolysates (initial xylose concentrations within 16.6 and 40.8 g/L) led to good biomass concentrations (up to 23.2 g cells/L) with increased pigment concentration (up to 12.9 mg total carotenoids/L, with 10.4 mg astaxanthin/L) and high volumetric rates of carotenoid production (up to 0.079 mg/L.h). Copyright 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JC Parajo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo-Campus Orense, Las Lagunas, 32004 Orense, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate for xylitol production byCandida guilliermondii. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02920126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
29
|
Vázquez M, Santos V, Parajó JC. Fed‐batch cultures ofphaffia rhodozymain xylose‐containing media made from wood hydrolysates. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/08905439809549942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
30
|
|
31
|
Parajó J, Santos V, Vázquez M, Cruz J. Production of carotenoids by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous growing on enzymatic hydrolysates of prehydrolysed wood. Food Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0308-8146(96)00341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
32
|
Parajó J, Domínguez H, Domínguez J. Xylitol production from Eucalyptus wood hydrolysates extracted with organic solvents. Process Biochem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-9592(97)00016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|