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Gaignard C, Gargouch N, Dubessay P, Delattre C, Pierre G, Laroche C, Fendri I, Abdelkafi S, Michaud P. New horizons in culture and valorization of red microalgae. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 37:193-222. [PMID: 30500354 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Research on marine microalgae has been abundantly published and patented these last years leading to the production and/or the characterization of some biomolecules such as pigments, proteins, enzymes, biofuels, polyunsaturated fatty acids, enzymes and hydrocolloids. This literature focusing on metabolic pathways, structural characterization of biomolecules, taxonomy, optimization of culture conditions, biorefinery and downstream process is often optimistic considering the valorization of these biocompounds. However, the accumulation of knowledge associated with the development of processes and technologies for biomass production and its treatment has sometimes led to success in the commercial arena. In the history of the microalgae market, red marine microalgae are well positioned particularly for applications in the field of high value pigment and hydrocolloid productions. This review aims to establish the state of the art of the diversity of red marine microalgae, the advances in characterization of their metabolites and the developments of bioprocesses to produce this biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Gaignard
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nesrine Gargouch
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées à l'amélioration des cultures, Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Pascal Dubessay
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cedric Delattre
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Celine Laroche
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologies Végétales appliquées à l'amélioration des cultures, Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Unité de Biotechnologie des Algues, Biological Engineering Department, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Philippe Michaud
- CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Tang Z, Jilu Zhao, Ju B, Li W, Wen S, Pu Y, Qin S. One-step chromatographic procedure for purification of B-phycoerythrin from Porphyridium cruentum. Protein Expr Purif 2016; 123:70-4. [PMID: 26851659 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
B-phycoerythrin (B-PE) was separated and purified from microalga Porphyridium cruentum using one-step chromatographic method. Phycobiliproteins in P. cruentum was extracted by osmotic shock and initially purified by ultrafiltration. Further purification was carried out with a SOURCE 15Q exchange column and analytical grade B-PE was obtained with a purity ratio (A545/A280) of 5.1 and a yield of 68.5%. It showed a double absorption peaks at 545 nm and 565 nm and a shoulder peak at 498 nm, and displayed a fluorescence emission maximum at 580 nm. The analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed a bulky band between 18 and 20 kDa which could be assigned to subunits α and β and a low intensity band of 27 kDa assigned to γ subunit. Our protocol provides attractive alternative to consider for the purification procedure to obtain analytical grade B-PE at commercial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Tang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Street, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Jilu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Street, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Bao Ju
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Street, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 17 Chunhui Street, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Shaohong Wen
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Street, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yang Pu
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Street, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 17 Chunhui Street, Yantai 264003, China
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Cuellar-Bermudez SP, Aguilar-Hernandez I, Cardenas-Chavez DL, Ornelas-Soto N, Romero-Ogawa MA, Parra-Saldivar R. Extraction and purification of high-value metabolites from microalgae: essential lipids, astaxanthin and phycobiliproteins. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:190-209. [PMID: 25223877 PMCID: PMC4353334 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The marked trend and consumers growing interest in natural and healthy products have forced researches and industry to develop novel products with functional ingredients. Microalgae have been recognized as source of functional ingredients with positive health effects since these microorganisms produce polyunsaturated fatty acids, polysaccharides, natural pigments, essential minerals, vitamins, enzymes and bioactive peptides. For this reason, the manuscript reviews two of the main high-value metabolites which can be obtained from microalgae: pigments and essential lipids. Therefore, the extraction and purification methods for polyunsaturated fatty acids, astaxanthin, phycoerythrin and phycocyanin are described. Also, the effect that environmental growth conditions have in the production of these metabolites is described. This review summarizes the existing methods to extract and purify such metabolites in order to develop a feasible and sustainable algae industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara P Cuellar-Bermudez
- Cátedra de Bioprocesos Ambientales, Centro del Agua Para América Latina y el Caribe, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyMonterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64849, Mexico
| | - Iris Aguilar-Hernandez
- Cátedra de Bioprocesos Ambientales, Centro del Agua Para América Latina y el Caribe, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyMonterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64849, Mexico
| | - Diana L Cardenas-Chavez
- Cátedra de Bioprocesos Ambientales, Centro del Agua Para América Latina y el Caribe, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyMonterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64849, Mexico
| | - Nancy Ornelas-Soto
- Cátedra de Bioprocesos Ambientales, Centro del Agua Para América Latina y el Caribe, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyMonterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64849, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Romero-Ogawa
- Cátedra de Bioprocesos Ambientales, Centro del Agua Para América Latina y el Caribe, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyMonterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64849, Mexico
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldivar
- Cátedra de Bioprocesos Ambientales, Centro del Agua Para América Latina y el Caribe, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de MonterreyMonterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64849, Mexico
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Najdenski HM, Gigova LG, Iliev II, Pilarski PS, Lukavský J, Tsvetkova IV, Ninova MS, Kussovski VK. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of selected microalgae and cyanobacteria. Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hristo M. Najdenski
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str. 26; 1113; Sofia; Bulgaria
| | - Liliana G. Gigova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str. 21; 1113; Sofia; Bulgaria
| | - Ivan I. Iliev
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str. 21; 1113; Sofia; Bulgaria
| | - Plamen S. Pilarski
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str. 21; 1113; Sofia; Bulgaria
| | - Jaromir Lukavský
- Institute of Botany; Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic; Dukelská 135; CZ-379 84; Třeboň; Czech Republic
| | - Iva V. Tsvetkova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str. 26; 1113; Sofia; Bulgaria
| | - Mariana S. Ninova
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str. 26; 1113; Sofia; Bulgaria
| | - Vesselin K. Kussovski
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Acad. Georgi Bonchev Str. 26; 1113; Sofia; Bulgaria
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Patel A, Mishra S, Pawar R, Ghosh PK. Purification and characterization of C-Phycocyanin from cyanobacterial species of marine and freshwater habitat. Protein Expr Purif 2005; 40:248-55. [PMID: 15766866 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2004.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2004] [Revised: 10/29/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present paper describes an efficient single step chromatographic method for purification of C-Phycocyanin from three cyanobacterial species, i.e., Spirulina sp. (freshwater), Phormidium sp. (marine water) and Lyngbya sp. (marine water). C-Phycocyanin from these cyanobacterial species was purified to homogeneity and some of their properties were investigated. The purification involves a multistep treatment of the crude extract by fractional precipitation with ammonium sulfate, followed by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B column. Pure C-Phycocyanin was finally obtained from Spirulina, Phormidium, and Lyngbya spp. with purity ratio (A620/A280) 4.42, 4.43, and 4.59, respectively, further the purity and homogeneity were confirmed by native and SDS-PAGE. The estimated molecular weights of purified C-PC from Spirulina, Phormidium, and Lyngbya spp. were 112, 131, and 81 kDa, respectively. SDS-PAGE of pure C-Phycocyanin yielded two bands corresponding to alpha and beta subunits. The results of SDS-PAGE demonstrate the same molecular weight of beta subunits (24.4 kDa) for all the three cyanobacterial species, whereas the molecular weight of the alpha subunit is different for all (17 kDa Spirulina sp., 19.1 kDa Phormidium sp., 15.2 kDa Lyngbya sp.). Thus, the C-Phycocyanin was characterized as (alphabeta)3 for Spirulina and Phormidium spp., while as (alphabeta)2 for Lyngbya sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Patel
- Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, India
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Liu LN, Chen XL, Zhang XY, Zhang YZ, Zhou BC. One-step chromatography method for efficient separation and purification of R-phycoerythrin from Polysiphonia urceolata. J Biotechnol 2005; 116:91-100. [PMID: 15652432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2004.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2003] [Revised: 05/25/2004] [Accepted: 09/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Phycoerythrins have been widely used in food, cosmetics, immunodiagnostics and analytical reagents. An efficient one-step chromatography method for purification of R-phycoerythrins from Polysiphonia urceolata was described in this paper. Pure R-phycoerythrin was obtained with an absorbance ratio A(565)/A(280) of 5.6 and a high recovery yield of 67.33% using a DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow chromatography with a gradient elution of pH, alternative to common gradient elution of ionic strength. The absorption spectrum of R-phycoerythrin was characterized with three absorbance maxima at 565, 539 and 498 nm, respectively and the fluorescence emission spectrum at room temperature was measured to be 580 nm. The results of native-PAGE, and SDS-PAGE showed no contamination by other proteins in the phycoerythrin solution, which suggests an efficient method for the separation and purification of R-phycoerythrins from Polysiphonia urceolata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Ning Liu
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
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Persson J, Lester P. Purification of antibody and antibody-fragment fromE. coli homogenate using 6,9-diamino-2-ethoxyacridine lactate as precipitation agent. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 87:424-34. [PMID: 15281116 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
To obtain a more efficient purification process for antibody fragments from an Escherichia coli homogenate, the precipitant, Ethodin (6,9-diamino-2-ethoxyacridine lactate) was introduced to the homogenate. By adding the precipitant a drastic reduction of host cell protein was obtained. The majority of the proteins were recovered in a precipitate with the cell debris, while the antibody or antibody-fragment was recovered in the clarified supernatant. In addition, DNA was also efficiently precipitated when using Ethodin as a precipitation agent. The improved purity of the clarified extract obtained by using the precipitant allows for the use of smaller chromatography columns and may reduce the number of chromatographic steps required in the recovery process. The effect of Ethodin concentration, pH, temperature, and conductivity were investigated. The investigation was performed on two different antibody-fragments, e.g., F(ab')(2) molecules and a full-length antibody produced in E. coli. The two F(ab')(2) proteins were F(ab')(2)A and F(ab')(2)B, which have a similar molecular mass (100 kDa) but different isoelectric points (pIs), i.e., 8.9 and 7.5, respectively. The full-length antibody, Ab (the full IgG form of F(ab')(2)B) has a pI of 7.8 and molecular mass of 150 kDa. The investigation showed that the highest purification factors were obtained at neutral pH, low conductivity, and Ethodin concentrations of 0.6%.
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Minkova KM, Tchernov AA, Tchorbadjieva MI, Fournadjieva ST, Antova RE, Busheva MC. Purification of C-phycocyanin from Spirulina (Arthrospira) fusiformis. J Biotechnol 2003; 102:55-9. [PMID: 12668314 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(03)00004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
C-phycocyanin was purified from Spirulina (Arthrospira) fusiformis by a multi-step treatment of the crude extract with rivanol in a ratio 10:1 (v/v), followed by 40% saturation with ammonium sulfate. After removal of rivanol by gel-filtration on Sephadex G-25, the pigment solution was saturated to 70% with ammonium sulfate. After the last step of purification, C-phycocyanin had an emission and absorption maxima at 620 and 650 nm, respectively and absorbance ratio A(620)/A(280) of 4.3, which are specific for the pure biliprotein. Its homogeneity was demonstrated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, yielding two bands of molecular masses 19500 and 21500 kDa, corresponding to alpha and beta subunits of the pigment, respectively. The yield of C-phycocyanin was approximately 46% from its content in the crude extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Minkova
- Institute of Plant Physiology, 'Acad M Popov', Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad G Bonchev Str, Bl 21, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria.
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Wang G. Isolation and purification of phycoerythrin from red algaGracilaria verrucosa by expanded-bed-adsorption and ion-exchange chromatography. Chromatographia 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02492017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tchernov A, Minkova K, Houbavenska N, Kovacheva N. Purification of phycobiliproteins from Nostoc sp. by aminohexyl–Sepharose chromatography. J Biotechnol 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(98)00206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Mihova S, Georgiev D, Minkova K, Tchernov A. Phycobiliproteins in Rhodella reticulata and photoregulatory effects on their content. J Biotechnol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1656(96)01515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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