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Pokrywczynska M, Czapiewska M, Jundzill A, Bodnar M, Balcerczyk D, Kloskowski T, Nowacki M, Marszalek A, Drewa T. Optimization of porcine urothelial cell cultures: Best practices, recommendations, and threats. Cell Biol Int 2016; 40:812-20. [PMID: 27079486 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Many experimental approaches have been conducted in order to isolate urothelial cells from bladder tissue biopsies, but each method described has utilized different protocols and sources of bladder tissue. In this study, we compared the different methods of urothelial cell isolation available in literature together with standardized methods in order to obtain more unified results. Five methods for primary porcine urothelial culture establishment were compared: tissue explants and four enzymatic methods utilizing collagenase II, dispase II, combination of dispase II and trypsin, and trypsin alone. The average number of isolated cells, cell morphology, success of established culture, average number of cells from the first passage, expression of p63 and pancytokeratin and the characterization of urothelial cell growth, and aging were analyzed during the in vitro culture. The method utilizing dispase II was the most efficient and reproducible method for the isolation and culture of porcine urothelial cells when compared to the other tested methods. Urothelial cells obtained by this method grew considerably well and the cultures were established with high efficiency, which enabled us in obtaining a large quantity of cells with normal morphology. Contamination with fibroblasts in this method was the lowest. The utilization of a proper method for urothelial cell isolation is a critical step in the urinary tract regeneration when using tissue engineering techniques. In summary, this study demonstrated that by utilizing the described method with dispase II, a suitable number of cells was achieved, proving the method useful for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pokrywczynska
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, Bydgoszcz, 85-092, Poland
| | - Monika Czapiewska
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, Bydgoszcz, 85-092, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Jundzill
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, Bydgoszcz, 85-092, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bodnar
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Daria Balcerczyk
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, Bydgoszcz, 85-092, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kloskowski
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, Bydgoszcz, 85-092, Poland
| | - Maciej Nowacki
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, Bydgoszcz, 85-092, Poland.,Chair and Department of Surgical Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Oncology Centre Prof, Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Marszalek
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24 Street, Bydgoszcz, 85-092, Poland.,Department of General and Oncological Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, Torun, Poland
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Chun SY, Kim BS, Kwon SY, Park SI, Song PH, Yoo ES, Kim BW, Kwon TG, Kim HT. Urethroplasty using autologous urethral tissue-embedded acellular porcine bladder submucosa matrix grafts for the management of long-segment urethral stricture in a rabbit model. J Korean Med Sci 2015; 30:301-7. [PMID: 25729254 PMCID: PMC4330486 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.3.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted this study to evaluate the combined effect of acellular bladder submucosa matrix (BSM) and autologous urethral tissue for the treatment of long segment urethral stricture in a rabbit model. To prepare the BSM, porcine bladder submucosa was processed, decellularized, configured into a sheet-like shape, and sterilized. Twenty rabbits were randomized to normal control, urethral stricture, urethroplasty using BSM only or BSM/autologous urethral tissue (n=5 per group). Retrograde urethrography was performed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively, and the grafted specimens were harvested at week 12 to evaluate urethral reconstruction through histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis. The mean urethral width of the control, stricture, BSM, and BSM/autologous urethral tissue groups at week 12 was 10.3±0.80, 3.8±1.35, 8.8±0.84, and 9.1±1.14 mm, respectively. The histopathologic study revealed that the BSM/autologous urethral tissue graft had a normal area of urethral lumen, compact muscular layers, complete epithelialization, and progressive infiltration by vessels in the regenerated urethra. In contrast, the BSM grafts revealed keratinized epithelium, abundant collagenized fibrous connective tissue, and were devoid of bundles of circular smooth muscle. Nontransected ventral onlay-augmented urethroplasty using an acellular BSM scaffold combined with an autologous urethral tissue graft represents a feasible procedure for urethral reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Chun
- Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bum Soo Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Se Yun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sung Il Park
- Laboratory Animal Center, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Phil Hyun Song
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Sang Yoo
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Bup Wan Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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De Diego Rodríguez E, Villanueva Peña A, Roca Edreira A, Martín García B, Meana Infiesta A, Gómez Llames S. [Current status of tissue engineering in urology. Review of the literature]. Actas Urol Esp 2005; 28:636-45. [PMID: 16050197 DOI: 10.1016/s0210-4806(04)73154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the eighties a new field of the medicine appears wich applies the principles of cellular cultivation to synthetic biodegradable polymers scaffolds with the purpose of creating autologous biological substitutes that could improve, maintain or restore the function of organs or damaged tissues. The Tissue Engineering constitutes a new discipline in full phase of development especially in USA, with multiple potential applications in several medical specialities. Our speciality can't remain indifferent to interest and encouraging future originated by this new science. In this work we have made a wide bibliographical revision in the Medline to know the antecedents, current state and the possible future applications of Tissue Engineering in Urology.
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de Diego Rodríguez E, Villanueva Peña A, Roca Edreira A, Martín García B, Meana Infiesta A, Gómez Llames S, Gómez Román J. [Experimental study about viability of autologous free graft in vitro cultivated urinary epithelium]. Actas Urol Esp 2005; 28:714-31. [PMID: 15666514 DOI: 10.1016/s0210-4806(04)73173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to apply the in vitro keratinocyte culture techniques and the tissue engineering principles to urothelium, to obtain a three-dimensional autologous tissue suitable for grafting. We also showed the viability of free graft cultured urothelium in an experimental model. MATERIAL AND METHODS An animal experimental model was designed to apply the techniques of cellular culture and tissue engineering. Biopsy specimens of bladder mucosa were obtained, in vitro cultured and posteriorly implanted in each animal. We established three groups based on different follow-up periods (7, 14 and 30 days), and made a final histomorphological study to demonstrate the viability of the graft at the end of its respective follow-up period. RESULTS A three-dimensional in vitro tissue was obtained, composed of a bio-artificial submucosa (fibrin gel and fibroblast) where the uroepithelial cells were seeding; a biodegradable polyglycolic acid mesh was used to facilitate the tissue manipulation and implantation. In the morphological study all the implants appeared viable, but the grafts with longer implantations periods were better conformed, showing a tisular structure with multiple cellular layers. CONCLUSIONS In vitro keratinocyte culture techniques could be applied to other epithelial tissues as the urothelium. We obtained a three-dimensional in vitro tissue suitable for grafting in a relatively short time. The histological study demonstrated that free autologous urothelial graft is totally viable, opening future clinics applications.
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Schaefer BM, Lorenz C, Back W, Moll R, Sun TT, Schober C, Waag KL, Kramer MD. Autologous transplantation of urothelium into demucosalized gastrointestinal segments: evidence for epithelialization and differentiation of in vitro expanded and transplanted urothelial cells. J Urol 1998; 159:284-90. [PMID: 9400496 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(01)64083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our study established a technique for in vitro expansion and subsequent transplantation of autologous urothelial cells into vascularized seromuscular segments from stomach and colon in sheep. The proof of proliferation and differentiation of the transplanted urothelium in the absence of resident urothelium is considered to be a prerequisite for use of this technique in bladder augmentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Autologous sheep urothelial cells were expanded in vitro and grown on collagen membranes for sheet grafting. Using a vital stain, viability and confluency status of the urothelial graft were determined before transplantation into demucosalized segments isolated from the sheep stomach and colon gastrointestinal pouches. The gastrointestinal segments were sewn up and remained in the abdomen as small pouches stiched to the abdominal wall. Take and differentiation of transplanted cells within the pouch were assessed two and three weeks later using histological and immunohistological means. RESULTS Urothelial cells grew well on collagen membranes. A confluency status > 40% and co-culturing with 3T3 feeder cells favored successful transplantation. Two weeks after transplantation a multilayered urothelial-like epithelium was found to line the lumen of the pouch. The epithelium was characterized by a distinct urothelium-typical distribution of basal and luminal keratins and the expression of the umbrella cell-specific marker uroplakin III. Moreover, the epithelium had an underlying basal lamina which focally contained collagen type IV. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that in vitro expanded urothelial cells are capable of epithelializing demucosalized gastrointestinal segments forming a genuine, differentiated "neo" urothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Schaefer
- University Institute for Immunology, Laboratory for Immunopathology, Heidelberg, Germany
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