1
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Fate of Biofilm Activity in Cascade Aerating Trickling Filter for Wastewater Treatment: Comparison of Two Types of Indigenous Support Media. Biochem Eng J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2023.108875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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2
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Konishi A, Takegami S, Kitade T. Construction and Studies of Histamine Potentiometric Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymer. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666190613165529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective:
Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP)-modified potentiometric sensors for histamine
(HIS) (as denoted as HIS sensor) have been developed.
Methods:
The MIPs comprise HIS, Methacrylic Acid (MAA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as
the template molecule, functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively. To examine the specificity
of the MIP to HIS, the MIP particles were prepared with varying ratios of HIS: MAA and the HIS
binding amount toward the MIP particles was determined by UV spectrophotometry. Furthermore, to
quantitatively determine the ability of MIP (H2M20) to HIS, a HIS sensor was measured using
Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode.
Results:
MIP particles having a HIS:MAA of 2 mmol:20 mmol (MIP (H2M20)) had the largest HIS
binding amount among the MIP particles prepared. Additionally, MIP (H2M20) displayed a HIS
binding amount approximately two times larger than the corresponding non-imprinted polymer (NIP)
particles in the absence of template. The HIS sensor potential change increased as a function of HIS
concentration and exhibited a near-Nernstian response of −25.7 mV decade−1 over the HIS concentration
range of 1×10−5 to 1×10−4 mol L−1 with a limit of detection of 9.6×10−6 mol L−1. From the
Nernstian response value, it was observed that the HIS sensor could detect the di-protonated HIS
binding to the MIP. Conversely, when comparing at the same HIS concentration, the potential response
value of the sensors fabricated using NIP particles were significantly smaller than the values
of the corresponding HIS sensor.
Conclusion:
The MIP-modified potentiometric sensors can potentially be employed as an analytical
method to quantitatively determine various analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Konishi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Division of Analytical and Physical Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Takegami
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Division of Analytical and Physical Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kitade
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Division of Analytical and Physical Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Meng Z, Stolz RM, Mirica KA. Two-Dimensional Chemiresistive Covalent Organic Framework with High Intrinsic Conductivity. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:11929-11937. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Robert M. Stolz
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Katherine A. Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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4
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Musa HI, Hassan L, Shamsuddin ZH, Panchadcharam C, Zakaria Z, Aziz SA. Physicochemical properties associated with the presence of Burkholderia pseudomallei in small ruminant farm water supplies in Peninsular Malaysia. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:241. [PMID: 29569066 PMCID: PMC5895689 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei causes melioidosis, a life-threatening infection in both humans and animals. Water is an important reservoir of the bacteria and may serve as a source of environmental contamination leading to infection. B. pseudomallei has an unusual ability to survive in water for a long period. This paper investigates physicochemical properties of water associated with the presence of B. pseudomallei in water supply in small ruminant farms in Peninsular Malaysia. Physicochemical properties of water samples taken from small ruminant farms that included temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO2), optical density (OD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were measured after which the samples were cultured for B. pseudomallei. Multivariable logistic regression model revealed that slightly acidic water pH and higher COD level were significantly associated with the likelihood of the B. pseudomallei presence in the water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ismail Musa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Latiffah Hassan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Zulkifli Hj Shamsuddin
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zunita Zakaria
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Saleha Abdul Aziz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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5
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Hassan SHA, Van Ginkel SW, Hussein MAM, Abskharon R, Oh SE. Toxicity assessment using different bioassays and microbial biosensors. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 92-93:106-18. [PMID: 27071051 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity assessment of water streams, wastewater, and contaminated sediments, is a very important part of environmental pollution monitoring. Evaluation of biological effects using a rapid, sensitive and cost effective method can indicate specific information on ecotoxicity assessment. Recently, different biological assays for toxicity assessment based on higher and lower organisms such as fish, invertebrates, plants and algal cells, and microbial bioassays have been used. This review focuses on microbial biosensors as an analytical device for environmental, food, and biomedical applications. Different techniques which are commonly used in microbial biosensing include amperometry, potentiometry, conductometry, voltammetry, microbial fuel cells, fluorescence, bioluminescence, and colorimetry. Examples of the use of different microbial biosensors in assessing a variety of environments are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedky H A Hassan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, New Valley Branch, 72511 Al-Kharja, Egypt
| | - Steven W Van Ginkel
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | - Romany Abskharon
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIFO), 11516 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sang-Eun Oh
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 200-701 Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, South Korea.
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6
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Adeniran A, Sherer M, Tyo KE. Yeast-based biosensors: design and applications. FEMS Yeast Res 2014; 15:1-15. [DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adebola Adeniran
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Northwestern University; Evanston IL USA
| | - Michael Sherer
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Northwestern University; Evanston IL USA
| | - Keith E.J. Tyo
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Northwestern University; Evanston IL USA
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7
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Enhancement of Biodegradation of Palm Oil Mill Effluents by Local Isolated Microorganisms. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:727049. [PMID: 27433516 PMCID: PMC4897079 DOI: 10.1155/2014/727049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the microorganisms associated with palm oil mill effluent (POME) in Johor Bahru state, Malaysia. Biodegradation of palm oil mill effluents (POME) was conducted to measure the discarded POME based on physicochemical quality. The bacteria that were isolated are Micrococcus species, Bacillus species, Pseudomonas species, and Staphylococcus aureus, while the fungi that were isolated are Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida species, Fusarium species, Mucor species, and Penicillium species. The autoclaved and unautoclaved raw POME samples were incubated for 7 days and the activities of the microorganisms were observed each 12 hours. The supernatants of the digested POME were investigated for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), color (ADMI), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) at the end of each digestion cycle. The results showed that the unautoclaved raw POME sample degraded better than the inoculated POME sample and this suggests that the microorganisms that are indigenous in the POME are more effective than the introduced microorganisms. This result, however, indicates the prospect of isolating indigenous microorganisms in the POME for effective biodegradation of POME. Moreover, the effective treatment of POME yields useful products such as reduction of BOD, COD, and color.
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8
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Sassolas A, Prieto-Simón B, Marty JL. Biosensors for Pesticide Detection: New Trends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2012.33030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Peixoto L, Min B, Martins G, Brito AG, Kroff P, Parpot P, Angelidaki I, Nogueira R. In situ microbial fuel cell-based biosensor for organic carbon. Bioelectrochemistry 2011; 81:99-103. [PMID: 21371947 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The biological oxygen demand (BOD) may be the most used test to assess the amount of pollutant organic matter in water; however, it is time and labor consuming, and is done ex-situ. A BOD biosensor based on the microbial fuel cell principle was tested for online and in situ monitoring of biodegradable organic content of domestic wastewater. A stable current density of 282±23mA/m(2) was obtained with domestic wastewater containing a BOD(5) of 317±15mg O(2)/L at 22±2°C, 1.53±0.04mS/cm and pH 6.9±0.1. The current density showed a linear relationship with BOD(5) concentration ranging from 17±0.5mg O(2)/L to 78±7.6mg O(2)/L. The current generation from the BOD biosensor was dependent on the measurement conditions such as temperature, conductivity, and pH. Thus, a correction factor should be applied to measurements done under different environmental conditions from the ones used in the calibration. These results provide useful information for the development of a biosensor for real-time in situ monitoring of wastewater quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Peixoto
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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10
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Rustum R, Adeloye AJ, Scholz M. Applying Kohonen self-organizing map as a software sensor to predict biochemical oxygen demand. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2008; 80:32-40. [PMID: 18254396 DOI: 10.2175/106143007x184500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The 5 days at 20 degrees C biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) is an important parameter for monitoring organic pollution in water and assessing the biotreatability of wastewater. Moreover, BOD5 is used for wastewater treatment plant discharge consents and other water pollution control purposes. However, the traditional bioassay method for estimating the BOD5 involves the incubation of sample water for 5 days. It follows that BOD5 is not available for real-time decisionmaking and process control purposes. On the other hand, previous efforts to solve this problem by developing more rapid biosensors had limited success. This paper reports on the development of Kohonen self-organizing map (KSOM)-based software sensors for the rapid prediction of BOD5. The findings indicate that the KSOM-based BOD5 estimates were in good agreement with those measured using the conventional bioassay method. This offers significant potential for more timely intervention and cost savings during problem diagnosis in water and wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabee Rustum
- School of the Build Environment, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
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11
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Pasco N, Baronian K, Jeffries C, Webber J, Hay J. MICREDOX®—development of a ferricyanide-mediated rapid biochemical oxygen demand method using an immobilised Proteus vulgaris biocomponent. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 20:524-32. [PMID: 15494235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2003] [Revised: 02/22/2004] [Accepted: 02/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is an international regulatory environmental index for monitoring organic pollutants in wastewater and the current legislated standard test for BOD monitoring requires 5 days to complete (BOD5 test). We are developing a rapid microbial technique, MICREDOX, for measuring BOD by eliminating oxygen and, instead, quantifying an equivalent biochemical co-substrate demand, the co-substrate being a redox mediator. Elevated concentrations of Proteus vulgaris, either as free cells or immobilised in Lentikat disks, were incubated with an excess of redox mediator (potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)) and organic substrate for 1h at 37 degrees C without oxygen. The addition of substrate increased the catabolic activity of the microorganisms and the accumulation of reduced mediator, which was subsequently re-oxidised at a working electrode generating a current quantifiable by a coulometric transducer. The recorded currents were converted to their BOD5 equivalent with the only assumption being a fixed conversion of substrate and known stoichiometry. Measurements are reported both for the BOD5 calibration standard solution (150 mg l(-1) glucose, 150 mg l(-1) glutamic acid) and for filtered effluent sampled from a wastewater treatment plant. The inclusion of a highly soluble mediator in place of oxygen facilitated a high ferricyanide concentration in the incubation, which in turn permitted increased concentrations of microorganisms to be used. This substantially reduced the incubation time, from 5 days to 1h, for the biological oxidation of substrates equivalent to those observed using the standard BOD5 test. Stoichiometric conversion efficiencies for the oxidation of the standard substrate by P. vulgaris were typically 60% for free cells and 35-50% for immobilised cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Pasco
- Lincoln Technology, Lincoln Ventures Ltd., P.O. Box 133, Lincoln, Christchurch 8152, New Zealand.
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12
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Sakaguchi T, Kitagawa K, Ando T, Murakami Y, Morita Y, Yamamura A, Yokoyama K, Tamiya E. A rapid BOD sensing system using luminescent recombinants of Escherichia coli. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 19:115-21. [PMID: 14568711 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(03)00170-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) sensing system based on bacterial luminescence from recombinant Escherichia coli containing lux A-E genes from Vibrio fischeri has been developed. It was possible to use frozen cells of luminescent recombinants of E. coli as the bacterial reagents for measurement. Steady bioluminescence was observed during the incubation time between 90 and 150 min in the presence of a sole carbon source such as glucose, acetate, L-glutamate and BOD standard solution (GGA solution). This disposable bacterial reagent was applied to measure and detect organic pollution due to biodegradable substances in various wastewaters. The obtained values of this study showed a similar correlation with that of the conventional method for BOD determination (BOD5). Bacterial luminescence that was visualized with an imaging system using a charge coupled device (CCD) camera and a photomulti-counter demonstrated that this method could also be used for multi-sample detection of organic pollution due to biodegradable substances by using a microtiter plate. These results suggested for successful achievement of high-though-put detection of BOD in practical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Sakaguchi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Chemistry, KinKi University, 11-6, Kayanomori, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8555, Japan.
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13
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Hyun CK, Tamiya E, Takeuchi T, Karube I, Inoue N. A novel BOD sensor based on bacterial luminescence. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 41:1107-11. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260411114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Chang IS, Jang JK, Gil GC, Kim M, Kim HJ, Cho BW, Kim BH. Continuous determination of biochemical oxygen demand using microbial fuel cell type biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 19:607-13. [PMID: 14683644 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(03)00272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mediator-less microbial fuel cell (MFC) was used as a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) sensor in an amperometric mode for real-time wastewater monitoring. At a hydraulic retention time of 1.05 h, BOD values of up to 100 mg/l were measured based on a linear relationship, while higher BOD values were measured using a lower feeding rate. About 60 min was required to reach a new steady-state current after the MFCs had been fed with different strength artificial wastewaters (Aws). The current generated from the MFCs fed with AW with a BOD of 100 mg/l was compared to determine the repeatability, and the difference was less than 10%. When the MFC was starved, the original current value was regained with a varying recovery time depending on the length of the starvation. During starvation, the MFC generated a background level current, probably due to an endogenous metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Seop Chang
- Water Environment & Remediation Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1, Hawolgok-dong, Sungpook-ku, Seoul 136-791, South Korea
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15
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Jia J, Tang M, Chen X, Qi L, Dong S. Co-immobilized microbial biosensor for BOD estimation based on sol-gel derived composite material. Biosens Bioelectron 2003; 18:1023-9. [PMID: 12782465 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(02)00225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel type of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) biosensor was developed for water monitor, based on co-immobilizing of Trichosporon cutaneum and Bacillus subtilis in the sol-gel derived composite material which is composed of silica and the grafting copolymer of poly (vinyl alcohol) and 4-vinylpyridine (PVA-g-P(4-VP)). Factors that influence the performance of the resulting biosensor were examined. The biodegradable substrate spectrum could be expanded by the co-immobilized microorganisms. The biosensor prepared also exhibited good reproducibility and long-term stability. Good agreement was obtained between the results of the sensor BOD measurement and those obtained from conventional BOD(5) method for water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022 Changchun, China
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16
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Rastogi S, Kumar A, Mehra NK, Makhijani SD, Manoharan A, Gangal V, Kumar R. Development and characterization of a novel immobilized microbial membrane for rapid determination of biochemical oxygen demand load in industrial waste-waters. Biosens Bioelectron 2003; 18:23-9. [PMID: 12445441 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(02)00108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The rapid determination of waste-water quality of waste-water treatment plants in terms of pollutional strength, i.e. biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is difficult or even impossible using the chemical determination method. The present study reports the determination of BOD within minutes using microbial BOD sensors, as compared to the 5-day determination using the conventional method. Multiple criteria establish the basis for the development of a BOD biosensor useful for rapid and reliable BOD estimation in industrial waste-waters. Of these, preparation of a suitable novel immobilized microbial membrane used in conjunction with an apt transducer is discussed. As a result, a microbial biosensor based on a formulated, synergistic, pre-tested microbial consortium has been developed for the measurement of BOD load of various industrial waste-waters. The sensor showed maximum response in terms of current difference, when a cell concentration of 2.25 x 10(10) CFU, harvested in their log phase of growth were utilized for microbial membrane construction. The sensor showed a stability of 180 days when the prepared membranes were stored at a temperature of 4 degrees C in 50 mM phosphate buffer of pH 6.8. The reusability of the immobilized membranes was up to 200 cycles without appreciable loss of their response characteristics. A linear relationship between the current change and a glucose-glutamic acid (GAA) concentration up to 60 mg l(-1) was observed (r=0.999). The lower detection limit was 1.0 mg l(-1) BOD. The sensor response was reproducible within +/-5% of the mean in a series of ten samples having 44 mg l(-1) BOD using standard a GGA solution. When used for the BOD estimation of industrial waste-waters, a relatively good agreement was found between the two methods, i.e. 5-day BOD and that measured by the developed microbial sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Rastogi
- Center for Biochemical Technology, Delhi University campus, Mall Road, 7, New Delhi, India
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17
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Abstract
The field of biosensors for measuring biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is reviewed. Particularly, BOD sensors constructed on the biofilm configuration are discussed regarding performance characteristics like linearity, response time, precision, agreement between BOD values obtained from the biosensors and the conventional 5-days test, as well as toxic resistance to various compounds and operational stability. The techniques for improving the agreement between the sensor BOD and BOD5 are described. Information provided also includes BOD biosensors based on respirometers and other measuring principles, the commercial BOD instruments, as well as the current limitations of BOD biosensor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-221 01 Lund, Sweden.
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18
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Chan C, Lehmann M, Chan K, Chan P, Chan C, Gruendig B, Kunze G, Renneberg R. Designing an amperometric thick-film microbial BOD sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2000; 15:343-53. [PMID: 11219747 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(00)00090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Thick film oxygen electrodes manufactured by screen print method have been used as a transducer for a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) sensor. The kinetics of the immobilized yeast, Arxula adeninivorans (Arxula) has been studied. The apparent KM of immobilized Arxula (> 100 microM) is higher than free cells of Arxula (70 microM). The increase in KM caused by the effect of immobilization extends the linear range of the sensor. End-point measurement and quasi-kinetic measurement have been studied comparatively as measurement procedures with a good correlation. The Vmax for end-point measurement is 790.7 microM/s and that for quasi-kinetic measurement is 537.3 microM/s. The limit of detection is calculated 1.24 mg/l BOD. Using the quasi-kinetic measurement, instead of end-point measurements, the measuring time can be reduced from 5-30 min to 100 s. The sensor layer thickness or increase in the layer of covering gel can increase the KM that is accompanied with the extension of the linear range of the sensor. Nevertheless, increase in the layer of covering gel will not increase the saturation signal. Domestic wastewater was checked by the thick film BOD sensor and the results are satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon
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19
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Chee GJ, Nomura Y, Ikebukuro K, Karube I. Optical fiber biosensor for the determination of low biochemical oxygen demand. Biosens Bioelectron 2000; 15:371-6. [PMID: 11219750 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(00)00093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An optical fiber biosensor was developed for the evaluation of low Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) values in river waters. Artificial wastewater (AWW) solution was employed as standards for the calibration of the BOD sensor. The response time of the sensor was 15 min, and the optimal BOD response was observed at 30 degrees C, pH 7.0. A linear relationship was obtained between the output voltage and BOD5 values, and the range of determination was 1-10 mg l(-1) BOD. The sensor response was almost not influenced by chloride ion up to 1000 mg l(-1), and also not affected by heavy metal ions (Fe3+, Cu2+, Mn2+, Cr3+, Zn2+). The BOD of river waters was estimated by using the optical fiber biosensor, and good correlation between the sensor and BOD5 test was obtained (r2 = 0.971).
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Chee
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Liu J, Björnsson L, Mattiasson B. Immobilised activated sludge based biosensor for biochemical oxygen demand measurement. Biosens Bioelectron 2000; 14:883-93. [PMID: 10722146 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(99)00064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) sensor, based on an immobilised mixed culture of microorganisms in combination with a dissolved oxygen electrode, has been developed for the purpose of on-line monitoring of the biological treatment process for waste and wastewater. The sensor was designed for easy replacement of the biomembrane, thereby making it suitable for short-term use. The drawbacks of activated sludge based sensor, such as short sensor lifetime, were thereby circumvented. The sensor BOD measurements were carried out in the kinetic mode using a flow injection system, resulting in 25 s for one measurement followed by 4-8 min recovery time. Based on the results of normalised sensor responses, the OECD synthetic wastewater was considered to be a more suitable calibration solution in comparison with the GGA solution. Good agreement was achieved between the results of the sensor BOD measurement and those obtained from BOD5 analysis of a wastewater sample from a food-processing factory. Reproducibility of responses using one sensor was below +/- 5.6%, standard deviation. Reproducibility of responses using different sensors was within acceptable bias limits, viz. +/- 15% standard deviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Sweden
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Lehmann M, Chan C, Lo A, Lung M, Tag K, Kunze G, Riedel K, Gruendig B, Renneberg R. Measurement of biodegradable substances using the salt-tolerant yeast Arxula adeninivorans for a microbial sensor immobilized with poly(carbamoyl)sulfonate (PCS). Part II: Application of the novel biosensor to real samples from coastal and island regions. Biosens Bioelectron 1999; 14:295-302. [PMID: 10230029 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(98)00128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A microbial sensor for rapid measurement of the amount of biodegradable substances based on the salt-tolerant yeast Arxula adeninivorans LS3 has been developed especially for coastal and island regions. Our parameter, the so-called sensorBOD, that is available after only a few minutes, agrees with the 5-day value for the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) very well. We have employed the Arxula sensor in the short-time estimation and supervision of the BOD of both domestic and industrial wastewater with high salinity. The novel sensor makes it possible to monitor the different types of wastewater rapidly without pretreatment, and it can be used for an active process control of sewage treatment works. Compared to a commercially available sensor, the novel sensor achieves better agreement between sensorBOD and BOD5 measurements with salt containing samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lehmann
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Chan C, Lehmann M, Tag K, Lung M, Kunze G, Riedel K, Gruendig B, Renneberg R. Measurement of biodegradable substances using the salt-tolerant yeast Arxula adeninivorans for a microbial sensor immobilized with poly(carbamoyl) sulfonate (PCS) Part I: Construction and characterization of the microbial sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 1999; 14:131-8. [PMID: 10101835 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(98)00110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A microbial biosensor based on the yeast Arxula adeninivorans LS3 has been developed for measurement of biodegradable substances. Arxula is immobilized in the hydrogel poly(carbamoyl) sulfonate (PCS). The immobilized yeast membrane is placed in front of an oxygen electrode with -600 mV versus Ag/AgCl. Arxula is salt tolerant; it can give a stable signal up to 2.5 M NaCl in sample (120 mM in measuring cell). The sensor's measurements are highly correlated to BOD5 measurements. It has a very high stability which can last for 40 day without any decrease in signal. The linear range of the sensor is up to a corresponding BOD value of 550 mg/l.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chan
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong, PR China
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Heim S, Schnieder I, Binz D, Vogel A, Bilitewski U. Development of an automated microbial sensor system. Biosens Bioelectron 1999; 14:187-93. [PMID: 10101840 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(98)00118-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An automated whole cell biosensor system was developed by integration of immobilized microbial cells in a flow-through system with screen-printed flow-through electrodes as detectors. The detectors used were thick-film Pt-electrodes in a 3-electrode configuration constructed as sandwich flow-through cells with a volume of about 36 microliters polarized at -900 mV. The measuring principle was the determination of oxygen consumption due to the microbial metabolism. Fructose was used as model analyte. The microorganisms were immobilized on cellulose-acetate membranes and integrated into a newly created reaction chamber (membrane reactor). The microbial cells used were Rhodococcus erythropolis and Issatchenkia orientalis known to be suitable for the determination of biological oxygen demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Heim
- Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung mbH, Braunschweig, Germany
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Rapid measurement of biodegradable substances in water using novel microbial sensors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1061-8945(99)80013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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25
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Li F, Tan T. Monitoring BOD in the presence of heavy metal ions using a poly(4-vinylpyridine)-coated microbial sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0956-5663(94)90033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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