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Worm C, Schambye MER, Mkrtchyan GV, Veviorskiy A, Shneyderman A, Ozerov IV, Zhavoronkov A, Bakula D, Scheibye-Knudsen M. Defining the progeria phenome. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:2026-2046. [PMID: 38345566 PMCID: PMC10911340 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Progeroid disorders are a heterogenous group of rare and complex hereditary syndromes presenting with pleiotropic phenotypes associated with normal aging. Due to the large variation in clinical presentation the diseases pose a diagnostic challenge for clinicians which consequently restricts medical research. To accommodate the challenge, we compiled a list of known progeroid syndromes and calculated the mean prevalence of their associated phenotypes, defining what we term the 'progeria phenome'. The data were used to train a support vector machine that is available at https://www.mitodb.com and able to classify progerias based on phenotypes. Furthermore, this allowed us to investigate the correlation of progeroid syndromes and syndromes with various pathogenesis using hierarchical clustering algorithms and disease networks. We detected that ataxia-telangiectasia like disorder 2, spastic paraplegia 49 and Meier-Gorlin syndrome display strong association to progeroid syndromes, thereby implying that the syndromes are previously unrecognized progerias. In conclusion, our study has provided tools to evaluate the likelihood of a syndrome or patient being progeroid. This is a considerable step forward in our understanding of what constitutes a premature aging disorder and how to diagnose them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Worm
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Garik V. Mkrtchyan
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Veviorskiy
- Insilico Medicine AI Limited, Level 6, Unit 08, Block A, IRENA HQ Building, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Ivan V. Ozerov
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Limited, Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine AI Limited, Level 6, Unit 08, Block A, IRENA HQ Building, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Insilico Medicine Hong Kong Limited, Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniela Bakula
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Tolksdorf K, Schultze-Mosgau S, Jacobs C, Tietz S, Hennig CL. Orthognathic Surgery with Interdisciplinary Digital Planning in Patients with Geroderma Osteodysplasticum: A Case Report. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1578. [PMID: 38003893 PMCID: PMC10672396 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with geroderma osteodysplasticum (GO) often times have dentofacial deformities and benefit from orthognathic surgery. Because of generalized osteopenia, operations must be prepared even more meticulously than usual, and the higher risk of unfortunate fractures (bad splits) should be explained to the patients in detail. This case report is intended to portray a digital, interdisciplinary and patient-individualized planning of orthognathic surgery. It points out the individual steps that must be considered and how they can be advantageously used in patients with underlying diseases or syndromes such as GO. Through a careful digital representation of the surgical options, production of the digitally modeled splints, 3D printing and good manual surgical implementation, the quality of life of patients with GO can be increased through orthognathic surgery. Both the functions in the oral, maxillofacial region and the patient's appearance in the case presented here benefited from the interdisciplinary, individualized and digital treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Tolksdorf
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Schultze-Mosgau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Collin Jacobs
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Tietz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph-Ludwig Hennig
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
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3
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Linders PTA, Peters E, ter Beest M, Lefeber DJ, van den Bogaart G. Sugary Logistics Gone Wrong: Membrane Trafficking and Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4654. [PMID: 32629928 PMCID: PMC7369703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is an important post-translational modification for both intracellular and secreted proteins. For glycosylation to occur, cargo must be transported after synthesis through the different compartments of the Golgi apparatus where distinct monosaccharides are sequentially bound and trimmed, resulting in increasingly complex branched glycan structures. Of utmost importance for this process is the intraorganellar environment of the Golgi. Each Golgi compartment has a distinct pH, which is maintained by the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase). Moreover, tethering factors such as Golgins and the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex, in concert with coatomer (COPI) and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE)-mediated membrane fusion, efficiently deliver glycosylation enzymes to the right Golgi compartment. Together, these factors maintain intra-Golgi trafficking of proteins involved in glycosylation and thereby enable proper glycosylation. However, pathogenic mutations in these factors can cause defective glycosylation and lead to diseases with a wide variety of symptoms such as liver dysfunction and skin and bone disorders. Collectively, this group of disorders is known as congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). Recent technological advances have enabled the robust identification of novel CDGs related to membrane trafficking components. In this review, we highlight differences and similarities between membrane trafficking-related CDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. A. Linders
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (P.T.A.L.); (E.P.); (M.t.B.)
| | - Ella Peters
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (P.T.A.L.); (E.P.); (M.t.B.)
| | - Martin ter Beest
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (P.T.A.L.); (E.P.); (M.t.B.)
| | - Dirk J. Lefeber
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (P.T.A.L.); (E.P.); (M.t.B.)
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Witkos TM, Chan WL, Joensuu M, Rhiel M, Pallister E, Thomas-Oates J, Mould AP, Mironov AA, Biot C, Guerardel Y, Morelle W, Ungar D, Wieland FT, Jokitalo E, Tassabehji M, Kornak U, Lowe M. GORAB scaffolds COPI at the trans-Golgi for efficient enzyme recycling and correct protein glycosylation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:127. [PMID: 30631079 PMCID: PMC6328613 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08044-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COPI is a key mediator of protein trafficking within the secretory pathway. COPI is recruited to the membrane primarily through binding to Arf GTPases, upon which it undergoes assembly to form coated transport intermediates responsible for trafficking numerous proteins, including Golgi-resident enzymes. Here, we identify GORAB, the protein mutated in the skin and bone disorder gerodermia osteodysplastica, as a component of the COPI machinery. GORAB forms stable domains at the trans-Golgi that, via interactions with the COPI-binding protein Scyl1, promote COPI recruitment to these domains. Pathogenic GORAB mutations perturb Scyl1 binding or GORAB assembly into domains, indicating the importance of these interactions. Loss of GORAB causes impairment of COPI-mediated retrieval of trans-Golgi enzymes, resulting in a deficit in glycosylation of secretory cargo proteins. Our results therefore identify GORAB as a COPI scaffolding factor, and support the view that defective protein glycosylation is a major disease mechanism in gerodermia osteodysplastica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz M Witkos
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Wing Lee Chan
- Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Institut fuer Medizinische Genetik und Humangenetik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 13353, Germany
- FG Development & Disease, Max Planck Institut fuer Molekulare Genetik, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Merja Joensuu
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
- Clem Jones Centre of Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manuel Rhiel
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Ed Pallister
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DG, UK
| | | | - A Paul Mould
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Alex A Mironov
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Christophe Biot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Yann Guerardel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Willy Morelle
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Daniel Ungar
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Felix T Wieland
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Eija Jokitalo
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - May Tassabehji
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), Manchester, M13 9WL, UK
| | - Uwe Kornak
- Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Institut fuer Medizinische Genetik und Humangenetik, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 13353, Germany
- FG Development & Disease, Max Planck Institut fuer Molekulare Genetik, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Martin Lowe
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, The Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
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Jewell R, Brewer P, Stenton S, Berry IR, Chatfield S, Fernandes JA, Peres C, Wagner BE, Bennett C. Geroderma osteodysplasticum: Histological features and the role of panel-based exome sequencing in diagnosis. Ultrastruct Pathol 2018; 42:91-96. [PMID: 29424602 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2018.1427166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Geroderma osteodysplasticum (GO) has clinical and histological features that overlap with other causes of wrinkly skin. Here we present the case of a child diagnosed with GO following exome sequencing of a panel of genes covering the wide differential diagnosis. The histological features of the overlapping conditions are presented, highlighting the utility of panel testing for conditions of this type. This is relevant to many genetic conditions and can influence ongoing management as exemplified by this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn Jewell
- a Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service , Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Leeds , UK
| | - Paul Brewer
- b Department of Orthopaedics , Sheffield Children's Hospital , Sheffield , UK
| | - Sophie Stenton
- c Department of Histopathology , Sheffield Teaching Hospitals , Sheffield , UK
| | - Ian R Berry
- d Leeds Genetics Laboratory , St James' Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Leeds , UK
| | - Sue Chatfield
- e Women's and Newborn Unit, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , Bradford , UK
| | - James A Fernandes
- b Department of Orthopaedics , Sheffield Children's Hospital , Sheffield , UK
| | - Cesar Peres
- c Department of Histopathology , Sheffield Teaching Hospitals , Sheffield , UK
| | - Bart E Wagner
- c Department of Histopathology , Sheffield Teaching Hospitals , Sheffield , UK
| | - Christopher Bennett
- a Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service , Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Leeds , UK
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6
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Yang H, Albiol L, Chan WL, Wulsten D, Seliger A, Thelen M, Thiele T, Spevak L, Boskey A, Kornak U, Checa S, Willie BM. Examining tissue composition, whole-bone morphology and mechanical behavior of Gorab Prx1 mice tibiae: A mouse model of premature aging. J Biomech 2017; 65:145-153. [PMID: 29108851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gerodermia osteodysplastica (GO) is a segmental progeroid disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the GORAB gene, associated with early onset osteoporosis and bone fragility. A conditional mouse model of GO (GorabPrx1) was generated in which the Gorab gene was deleted in long bones. We examined the biomechanical/functional relevance of the GorabPrx1 mutants as a premature aging model by characterizing bone composition, tissue-level strains, and whole-bone morphology and mechanical properties of the tibia. MicroCT imaging showed that GorabPrx1 tibiae had an increased anterior convex curvature and decreased cortical cross-sectional area, cortical thickness and moments of inertia, compared to littermate control (LC) tibiae. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging indicated a 34% decrease in mineral/matrix ratio and a 27% increase in acid phosphate content in the posterior metaphyseal cortex of the GorabPrx1 tibiae (p < .05), suggesting delayed mineralization. In vivo strain gauge measurement and finite element analysis showed ∼two times higher tissue-level strains within the GorabPrx1 tibiae relative to LC tibiae when subjected to axial compressive loads of the same magnitude. Three-point bending tests suggested that GorabPrx1 tibiae were weaker and more brittle, as indicated by decreasing whole-bone strength (46%), stiffness (55%), work-to-fracture (61%) and post-yield displacement (47%). Many of these morphological and biomechanical characteristics of the GorabPrx1 tibia recapitulated changes in other animal models of skeletal aging. Future studies are necessary to confirm how our observations might guide the way to a better understanding and treatment of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisheng Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China; Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laia Albiol
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wing-Lee Chan
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Dag Wulsten
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Seliger
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Thelen
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Thiele
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Uwe Kornak
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sara Checa
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina M Willie
- Research Centre, Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Julius Wolff Institute, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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7
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Discriminative Features in Three Autosomal Recessive Cutis Laxa Syndromes: Cutis Laxa IIA, Cutis Laxa IIB, and Geroderma Osteoplastica. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030635. [PMID: 28294978 PMCID: PMC5372648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutis laxa is a heterogeneous condition characterized by redundant, sagging, inelastic, and wrinkled skin. The inherited forms of this disease are rare and can have autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked inheritance. Three of the autosomal recessive cutis laxa syndromes, namely cutis laxa IIA (ARCL2A), cutis laxa IIB (ARCL2B), and geroderma osteodysplastica (GO), have very similar clinical features, complicating accurate diagnosis. Individuals with these conditions often present with cutis laxa, progeroid features, and hyperextensible joints. These conditions also share additional features, such as short stature, hypotonia, and congenital hip dislocation, but the severity and frequency of these findings are variable in each of these cutis laxa syndromes. The characteristic features for ARCL2A are abnormal isoelectric focusing and facial features, including downslanting palpebral fissures and a long philtrum. Rather, the clinical phenotype of ARCL2B includes severe wrinkling of the dorsum of the hands and feet, wormian bones, athetoid movements, lipodystrophy, cataract and corneal clouding, a thin triangular face, and a pinched nose. Normal cognition and osteopenia leading to pathological fractures, maxillary hypoplasia, and oblique furrowing from the outer canthus to the lateral border of the supraorbital ridge are discriminative features for GO. Here we present 10 Iranian patients who were initially diagnosed clinically using the respective features of each cutis laxa syndrome. Each patient’s clinical diagnosis was then confirmed with molecular investigation of the responsible gene. Review of the clinical features from the cases reported from the literature also supports our conclusions.
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8
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Chisholm C, Miedler J, Etufugh CN, Ghali F, Cockerell CJ. Unusual and recently described cutaneous atrophic disorders. Int J Dermatol 2012; 50:1506-17. [PMID: 22097997 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2011.04938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous atrophic conditions are typically caused by changes in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, sometimes consisting of the loss of a single fiber type. Since a significant decrease of subepidermal tissue is necessary for these lesions to be macroscopically atrophic, many conditions may not be appreciated as atrophy in the clinical setting. Clinicians should be familiar with the common or classic disorders causing cutaneous atrophy; however, there are a few new or rarely described atrophic conditions which are more difficult to identify and may not be atrophic clinically. This paper serves to describe the salient clinical and histological features of these new or rare disorders.
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Tüysüz B, Tolun A, Yıldırım Y. Response to Kouwenberg et al. “Recognizable Phenotype With Common Occurrence of Microcephaly, Psychomotor Retardation, But No Spontaneous Bone Fractures in ARCL2B Due to PYCR1 Mutations”. Am J Med Genet A 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.34151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Yildirim Y, Tolun A, Tüysüz B. The phenotype caused by PYCR1 mutations corresponds to geroderma osteodysplasticum rather than autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2. Am J Med Genet A 2011; 155A:134-40. [PMID: 21204221 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Geroderma osteodysplasticum is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by wrinkled skin on the dorsum of the hands and feet, osteopenia, prognathism, and an elongated and lax face. The mutated gene was identified as GORAB (SCYL1BP1). As well, the PYCR1 gene also was shown to be mutated in a similar disease, designated cutis laxa, autosomal recessive, type IIB (ARCL2B) or cutis laxa with progeroid features. We describe here the clinical findings in four affected individuals in a family with geroderma osteodysplasticum with mental retardation and a homozygous mutation in PYCR1. Although the disease resulting from recessive mutations in that gene has been recently designated ARCL2B, some clinical features, such as prognathism, elongated and lax face, osteopenia and limitation of skin wrinkling to the dorsum of hands and feet, in the patients reported here as well as in others reported with PYCR1 mutations, are generally more common in geroderma osteodysplasticum resulting from recessive GORAB mutations. While the patients with GORAB mutations have severe osteopenia, the patients with PYCR1 mutations have severe mental retardation. In conclusion, the phenotype caused by PYCR1 mutations corresponds to geroderma osteodysplasticum rather than ARCL2B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşerin Yildirim
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Orton NC, Innes AM, Chudley AE, Bech-Hansen NT. Unique disease heritage of the Dutch-German Mennonite population. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:1072-87. [PMID: 18348259 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Dutch-German Mennonites are a religious isolate with foundational roots in the 16th century. A tradition of endogamy, large families, detailed genealogical records, and a unique disease history all contribute to making this a valuable population for genetic studies. Such studies in the Dutch-German Mennonite population have already contributed to the identification of the causative genes in several conditions such as the incomplete form of X-linked congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB2; previously iCSNB) and hypophosphatasia (HOPS), as well as the discovery of founder mutations within established disease genes (MYBPC1, CYP17alpha). The Dutch-German Mennonite population provides a strong resource for gene discovery and could lead to the identification of additional disease genes with relevance to the general population. In addition, further research developments should enhance delivery of clinical genetic services to this unique community. In the current review we discuss 31 genetic conditions, including 17 with identified gene mutations, within the Dutch-German Mennonite population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle C Orton
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Maternal and Child Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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12
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Rajab A, Kornak U, Budde BS, Hoffmann K, Jaeken J, Nürnberg P, Mundlos S. Geroderma osteodysplasticum hereditaria and wrinkly skin syndrome in 22 patients from Oman. Am J Med Genet A 2008; 146A:965-76. [PMID: 18348262 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive skin wrinkling and cutis laxa are seen in many genetic conditions and overlapping features can make a clinical diagnosis difficult. Here we report on 22 Omani patients from 11 consanguineous families with the diagnosis of wrinkly skin syndrome (WSS, OMIM 278250) or geroderma osteodysplasticum hereditaria (GO, OMIM 231070). The WSS phenotype evolves during early childhood and includes a generalized and excessive skin wrinkling, dental problems, herniae, foot deformities, hip dislocations, growth retardation, and a large anterior fontanelle. The facial gestalt is characterized by a broad nasal bridge, hypertelorism, and downslanting palpebral fissures. We were unable to differentiate between WSS and cutis laxa with growth and developmental delay (CLGDD, OMIM 219200) suggesting that both can be considered as one entity. Distinct hallmarks of GO were skin wrinkling limited to the dorsum of hands and feet and to the abdomen, normal fontanelles, maxillary hypoplasia, bowed long bones, and osteopenia with frequent fractures. In contrast to the attenuation of the skin phenotype with age in WSS, adult patients with GO appeared prematurely aged. A serum sialotransferrin type 2 pattern was found in all four WSS patients tested. Apolipoprotein CIII (a marker for O-glycosylation) was normal suggesting that WSS is frequently associated with a N-protein glycosylation defect, probably at the level of processing (CDG-II). All four investigated GO patients showed normal sialotransferrin patterns. The known loci for cutis laxa and WSS on 2q31, 5q23-q31, 7q11, 11q13, and 14q32 were excluded. We suggest that WSS and GO are distinct entities with overlapping features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rajab
- Genetic Unit, DGHA, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
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13
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Nanda A, Alsaleh QA, Al-Sabah H, Marzouk EE, Salam AMA, Nanda M, Anim JT. Gerodermia osteodysplastica/wrinkly skin syndrome: report of three patients and brief review of the literature. Pediatr Dermatol 2008; 25:66-71. [PMID: 18304158 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2007.00586.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gerodermia osteodysplastica and wrinkly skin syndrome are rare autosomal recessive disorders. Due to the many phenotypic similarities in these two conditions, it has been proposed that they represent the same disorder. Both conditions are well delineated in the genetic literature, but despite skin involvement being a striking feature, they are rarely reported in dermatology journals. In this report, we describe three Arab children from two consanguineous families who exhibit overlapping features of gerodermia osteodysplastica and wrinkly skin syndrome. All the patients had dysmorphic facial features, wrinkled skin more marked on the hands and feet, hyperextensible joints, intrauterine growth retardation, developmental delay, congenital dislocation of hips, and osteoporosis. Our observations also support the contention that gerodermia osteodysplastica and wrinkly skin syndrome have the same clinical spectrum; however, this needs to be confirmed at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Nanda
- As'ad Al-Hamad Dermatology Center, Al-Sabah Hospital, Kuwait.
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14
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Abstract
UNLABELLED From the Grimm Brothers to Charles Dickens, from Gulliver's Travels to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, great writers and stories have been a source for names of paediatric medical conditions, sometimes preceding the medical description by many years. This article describes the circumstances that led to the creation of some of these fascinating names, the physicians who coined them, and their link to the actual medical conditions. CONCLUSION Literary names for medical conditions add warmth and humanity to the field of paediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraim Bilavsky
- Department of Pediatrics C, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.
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15
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Abstract
We report a family in which geroderma osteodysplastica affected two male siblings. They showed the characteristic features associated with this syndrome: a prematurely aged face with wrinkly, lax skin, more prominent on the acral regions, associated with joint laxity, osteoporosis, and skeletal abnormalities. The main histologic abnormalities were fragmented elastic fibers that were diminished in number. Although collagen fibers showed changes in their orientation, they were normal in structure and number. We consider the differential diagnosis with other syndromes associated with cutis laxa using clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic criteria.
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16
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Steiner CE, Cintra ML, Marques-de-Faria AP. Cutis laxa with growth and developmental delay, wrinkly skin syndrome and gerodermia osteodysplastica: a report of two unrelated patients and a literature review. Genet Mol Biol 2005. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572005000200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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17
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Wessels MW, Catsman-Berrevoets CE, Mancini GMS, Breuning MH, Hoogeboom JJM, Stroink H, Frohn-Mulder I, Coucke PJ, Paepe AD, Niermeijer MF, Willems PJ. Three new families with arterial tortuosity syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 131:134-43. [PMID: 15529317 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS) is a rare condition with autosomal recessive inheritance characterized by connective tissue abnormalities. The most specific clinical findings are cardiovascular anomalies including tortuosity, lengthening, aneurysm, and stenosis formation of major arteries. Also ventricular hypertrophy is frequently present. Other anomalies are skin hyperextensibility and cutis laxa, joint laxity or contractures of the joints, and inguinal herniae. Histology shows disruption of elastic fibers of the media. These features suggest that ATS is a connective tissue disorder. A biochemical or molecular defect has not yet been identified. We describe here nine additional ATS patients from three consanguineous Moroccan families and review a total of 35 patients with this uncommon condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja W Wessels
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Al-Gazali LI, Sztriha L, Skaff F, Haas D. Gerodermia osteodysplastica and wrinkly skin syndrome: are they the same? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2001; 101:213-20. [PMID: 11424136 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Gerodermia osteodysplastica (GO) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by premature aging, wrinkled, and lax skin with reduced elasticity which is more marked on the dorsum of the hands and feet associated with hyperextensible joints and osteoporosis. The wrinkly skin syndrome (WSS) is characterized by wrinkled skin over the dorsum of the hands, feet, and abdomen; hyperextensible joints, particularly of the hands; intrauterine growth retardation; postnatal failure to thrive; and mental and developmental delay. We report on five children from two consanguineous Arab families with features overlapping both GO and WSS. All five children had similar dysmorphic facial features consisting of broad and prominent forehead, hypotelorism with epicanthal folds, prominent bulbous nose, flat malar region, and large protruding ears. All had wrinkling of the skin more marked on the dorsum of the hands, feet, and abdomen; hyperextensibility of the joints, particularly of the hands; and aged appearance. Intrauterine growth retardation, subsequent failure to thrive, developmental delay, and variable degree of osteoporosis was also present in all of them. The older three children developed progressive prognathism. We suggest that GO and WSS could represent variable manifestation of the same disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- L I Al-Gazali
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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19
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Abstract
We report the clinical and pathologic features of a patient with wrinkly skin syndrome. The essential clinical features were wrinkly skin with poor elasticity over the abdomen and on the dorsum of the hands and feet, increased palmar and plantar creases, and a prominent venous pattern over the chest. On light microscopy, histopathologic findings included appreciable heterogeneity in the structure, amount, and distribution pattern of elastic fibers. Agglutination and fragmentation of the microfibrillar component and a remarkable decrease in elastin were the major ultrastructural features. The differential diagnosis with other connective tissue disorders is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Boente
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Niño Jesús, Tucumán, Argentina
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20
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Jukkola A, Kauppila S, Risteli L, Vuopala K, Risteli J, Leisti J, Pajunen L. New lethal disease involving type I and III collagen defect resembling geroderma osteodysplastica, De Barsy syndrome, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome IV. J Med Genet 1998; 35:513-8. [PMID: 9643297 PMCID: PMC1051350 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.35.6.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We describe the clinical findings and biochemical features of a male child suffering from a so far undescribed lethal connective tissue disorder characterised by extreme hypermobility of the joints, lax skin, cataracts, severe growth retardation, and insufficient production of type I and type III procollagens. His features are compared with Ehlers-Danlos type IV, De Barsy syndrome, and geroderma osteodysplastica, as these disorders show some symptoms and signs shared with our patient. The child died because of failure of the connective tissue structures joining the skull and the spine, leading to progressive spinal stenosis. The aortic valve was translucent and insufficient. The clinical symptoms and signs, together with histological findings, suggested a collagen defect. Studies on both skin fibroblast cultures and the patient's serum showed reduced synthesis of collagen types I and III at the protein and RNA levels. The sizes of the mRNAs and newly synthesised proteins were normal, excluding gross structural abnormalities. These findings are not in accordance with any other collagen defect characterised so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jukkola
- Department of Oncology, University of Oulu, Finland
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21
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Eich GF, Steinmann B, Hodler J, Exner GU, Giedion A. Metaphyseal peg in geroderma osteodysplasticum: a new genetic bone marker and a specific finding? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1996; 63:62-7. [PMID: 8723088 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19960503)63:1<62::aid-ajmg13>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe two sibs with geroderma osteodysplasticum (GO) who, in addition to the known clinical and radiologic manifestations of the disorder, presented a metaphyseal peg indenting the epiphysis of the long bones, particularly at the knees. The peg was visible only at the age of 4 to 5 years but was invisible in infancy and following physeal closure. This may explain why this anomaly was not described in previous reports of 23 patients in 11 families with GO. The metaphyseal peg is an abnormality of bone development so far unknown to us. We speculate that it represents a primary, agedependent alteration of bone shape and hence a new genetic bone marker apparently specific to GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Eich
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
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22
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Lustmann J, Nahlieli O, Harary D, Casap N, Neder A, Zlotogora J. Gerodermia osteodysplastica: report on two patients and surgical correction of facial deformity. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1993; 47:261-7. [PMID: 8213917 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320470224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We present four individuals with Gerodermia Osteodysplastica in a Jewish family from Morocco confirming the autosomal recessive inheritance of the disorder. Three previously unreported findings are described: a) enlarged funnel-shaped mandibular lingula; b) extension of the mandibular premolar and molar roots below the inferior dental canal, and of the second molars into the lower border of mandibular cortical bone; and c) hypercementosis of the maxillary incisors and mandibular molars surrounded by a radiolucent halo in several teeth. The facial deformity resulting from maxillary hypoplasia and mandibular prognathism was corrected by orthognathic surgery: Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy and vertical mandibular osteotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lustmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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23
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Beighton P, Giedion ZA, Gorlin R, Hall J, Horton B, Kozlowski K, Lachman R, Langer LO, Maroteaux P, Poznanski A. International classification of osteochondrodysplasias. International Working Group on Constitutional Diseases of Bone. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1992; 44:223-9. [PMID: 1360767 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320440220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Beighton
- Universitätskinderklinik, Mainz, Germany
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24
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Kaler SG, Garrity AM, Stern HJ, Rosenbaum KN, Orrison BM, Marini JC, Bernardini I, Saal HM. New autosomal recessive syndrome of sparse hair, osteopenia, and mental retardation in Mennonite sisters. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1992; 43:983-8. [PMID: 1415349 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320430615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report on 2 Mennonite sisters with a syndrome of sparse hair, osteopenia, mental retardation, minor facial abnormalities, joint laxity, and hypotonia. Their asymptomatic consanguineous parents (inbreeding coefficient F = 1/64) have 6 other offspring, 3 of whom died in infancy of type II osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), and 3 of whom are normal. We analyzed collagens synthesized by cultured fibroblasts from these 2 sisters and their parents and detected no major abnormalities. Results of chromosomal and metabolic evaluations including amino acid analysis of plasma, urine, and hair were unremarkable. A literature search and survey of a computerized syndrome identification database did not disclose an identical phenotype. The sisters bear superficial resemblance to several known syndromes which we excluded on clinical and/or biochemical grounds. We conclude that they represent a new autosomal recessive syndrome, distinct from type II OI and perhaps unique to the Mennonite population or to this particular family.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Kaler
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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25
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Spranger J. International classification of osteochondrodysplasias. The International Working Group on Constitutional Diseases of Bone. Eur J Pediatr 1992; 151:407-15. [PMID: 1628667 DOI: 10.1007/bf01959352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Spranger
- Universitätskinderklinik, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany
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26
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Klein D. Living history--autobiography: genetics and environment from a personal perspective. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1990; 37:325-35. [PMID: 2260559 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320370307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Klein
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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27
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Gershoni-Baruch R, Moor EV, Enat R. Marfan syndrome associated with bicuspid aortic valve, premature aging, and primary hypogonadism. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1990; 37:169-72. [PMID: 2248281 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320370202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report and discuss a patient with characteristics of Marfan syndrome associated with a bicuspid aortic valve, premature aging, and primary hypogonadism.
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28
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Abstract
A girl with mild geroderma osteodysplastica is reported in order to raise the profile of this autosomal recessive condition which may be underdiagnosed. The important signs of this syndrome include a droopy, jowly face with a degree of malar hypoplasia and mandibular prognathism, lax, but non-hyperelastic skin, most marked over the extremities, and osteoporosis which may be associated with fractures and vertebral collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Hunter
- Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
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29
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Casamassima AC, Wesson SK, Conlon CJ, Weiss FH. Wrinkly skin syndrome: phenotype and additional manifestations. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1987; 27:885-93. [PMID: 3321993 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320270415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The wrinkly skin syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by wrinkling of the skin of the dorsum of the hands and feet, decreased elastic recoil of the skin, an increased number of palmar and plantar creases, multiple musculoskeletal abnormalities, microcephaly, and mental retardation. Our patient is characteristic of the syndrome as previously described, and confirms the presence of mental retardation and microcephaly as component manifestations, with the additional findings of connective tissue abnormalities evidenced by an atrial septal aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Casamassima
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla
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30
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Lisker R, Hernández A, Martínez-Lavin M, Mutchinick O, Armas C, Reyes P, Robles-Gil J. Gerodermia osteodysplastica hereditaria: report of three affected brothers and literature review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1979; 3:389-95. [PMID: 474638 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320030410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gerodermia osteodysplastica hereditaria was diagnosed in three Mexican brothers 6, 7, and 8 years old, respectively, who had the distinct facial appearance with sagging cheeks, premature wrinkling of the skin of face, abdomen, and dorsum of hands and feet; malocclusion, span greater than height; hyperextensibility; winging of the scapulae; stooped posture with kyphoscoliosis; protuberant abdomen; and pes planus. Radiologically they had generalized osteoplorosis, platyspondily due to multiple compression fractures, pseudoepiphyses of second metacarpals, and dislocated hips. Three other families with a total of 14 affected individuals have been reported. Inter- and intrafamilial variability can be recognized, particularly regarding the tendency to fractures, upper:lower segment ratio abnormalities, and results of skin biopsies, which have shown fragmentation of the elastic fibers in some cases (including the present family) and not in others. Although inheritance was considered to be X-linked recessive in the first reported family, an analysis of that pedigree together with those of the other reported families, including the present one, suggests that gerodermia osteodrysplastica is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.
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