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Abah SP, Mbe JO, Dzidzienyo DK, Njoku D, Onyeka J, Danquah EY, Offei SK, Kulakow P, Egesi CN. Determination of genomic regions associated with early storage root formation and bulking in cassava. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1391452. [PMID: 38988637 PMCID: PMC11233741 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1391452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Early cassava storage root formation and bulking is a medium of escape that farmers and processors tend to adopt in cases of abiotic and biotic stresses like drought, flood, and destruction by domestic animals. In this study, 220 cassava genotypes from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI), International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), local farmers (from farmer's field), and NextGen project were evaluated in three locations (Umudike, Benue, and Ikenne). The trials were laid out using a split plot in a randomized incomplete block design (alpha lattice) with two replications in 2 years. The storage roots for each plant genotype were sampled or harvested at 3, 6, 9, and 12 month after planting (MAP). All data collected were analyzed using the R-statistical package. The result showed moderate to high heritability among the traits, and there were significant differences (p< 0.05) among the performances of the genotypes. The genome-wide association mapping using the BLINK model detected 45 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers significantly associated with the four early storage root bulking and formation traits on Chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 17, and 18. A total of 199 putative candidate genes were found to be directly linked to early storage root bulking and formation. The functions of these candidate genes were further characterized to regulate i) phytohormone biosynthesis, ii) cellular growth and development, and iii) biosynthesis of secondary metabolites for accumulation of starch and defense. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) also revealed the presence of four pleiotropic SNPs, which control starch content, dry matter content, dry yield, and bulking and formation index. The information on the GWAS could be used to develop improved cassava cultivars by breeders. Five genotypes (W940006, NR090146, TMS982123, TMS13F1060P0014, and NR010161) were selected as the best early storage root bulking and formation genotypes across the plant age. These selected cultivars should be used as sources of early storage root bulking and formation in future breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Peter Abah
- Bioscience, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
- Cassava Breeding, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
- West African Centers for Crop Improvement, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph Okpani Mbe
- Bioscience, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
- West African Centers for Crop Improvement, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Damian Njoku
- Bioscience, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Onyeka
- Bioscience, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
| | | | - Samuel Kwane Offei
- West African Centers for Crop Improvement, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Biotechnology Centre, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Peter Kulakow
- Cassava Breeding, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Chiedozie Ngozi Egesi
- Bioscience, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Nigeria
- Cassava Breeding, International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Mohapatra S, Barik SR, Dash PK, Lenka D, Pradhan KC, Raj K. R R, Mohanty SP, Mohanty MR, Sahoo A, Jena BK, Panda AK, Panigrahi D, Dash SK, Meher J, Sahoo CR, Mukherjee AK, Das L, Behera L, Pradhan SK. Molecular Breeding for Incorporation of Submergence Tolerance and Durable Bacterial Blight Resistance into the Popular Rice Variety 'Ranidhan'. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020198. [PMID: 36830568 PMCID: PMC9953461 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Ranidhan is a popular late-maturing rice variety of Odisha state, India. The farmers of the state suffer heavy loss in years with flash floods as the variety is sensitive to submergence. Bacterial blight (BB) disease is a major yield-limiting factor, and the variety is susceptible to the disease. BB resistance genes Xa21, xa13, and xa5, along with the Sub1 QTL, for submergence stress tolerance were transferred into the variety using marker-assisted backcross breeding approach. Foreground selection using direct and closely linked markers detected the progenies carrying all four target genes in the BC1F1, BC2F1, and BC3F1 generations, and the positive progenies carrying these genes with maximum similarity to the recipient parent, Ranidhan, were backcrossed into each segregating generation. Foreground selection in the BC1F1 generation progenies detected all target genes in 11 progenies. The progeny carrying all target genes and similar to the recipient parent in terms of phenotype was backcrossed, and a total of 321 BC2F1 seeds were produced. Ten progenies carried all target genes/QTL in the BC2F1 generation. Screening of the BC3F1 progenies using markers detected 12 plants carrying the target genes. A total of 1270 BC3F2 seeds were obtained from the best BC3F1 progeny. Foreground selection in the BC3F2 progenies detected four plants carrying the target genes in the homozygous condition. The bioassay of the pyramided lines conferred very high levels of resistance to the predominant isolates of bacterial blight pathogen. These BB pyramided lines were submergence-tolerant and similar to Ranidhan in 13 agro-morphologic and grain quality traits; hence, they are likely to be adopted by farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibani Mohapatra
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India
- Environmental Science Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | | | - Prasanta K. Dash
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Devidutta Lenka
- College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Kartika Chandra Pradhan
- College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Reshmi Raj K. R
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India
| | | | | | - Ambika Sahoo
- Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | | | - Alok Kumar Panda
- Environmental Science Laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Debabrata Panigrahi
- College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | | | | | - Chitta Ranjan Sahoo
- College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | | | - Lipi Das
- ICAR-Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Lambodar Behera
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India
| | - Sharat Kumar Pradhan
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi 110001, India
- Correspondence:
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Liu Z, Zeng Z, Yang X, Zhu S, Liu T, Wang Y. Genetic insights into the crude protein and fiber content of ramie leaves. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:969820. [PMID: 36267946 PMCID: PMC9577236 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.969820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) is a perennial plant with vigorously vegetative growth and high nutritive value that is an excellent source of green feed in China. Crude protein and fiber content are the most important traits associated with ramie forage quality; however, their genetic basis remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the genetic architecture of these two traits using an F2 population derived from cultivated Zhongsizhu 1 (ZSZ1) and wild Boehmeria nivea var. tenacissima (tenacissima). Linkage mapping identified eight quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in crude fiber and one QTL in crude protein. Of these, five were further validated by association analysis. Then, two major QTLs for crude fiber content, CF7 and CF13, were further identified using bulked segregant analysis (BSA) sequencing, and their exact physical intervals were determined via genotype analysis of F2 progenies with extremely low crude fiber content. In total, 10 genes in the CF7 and CF13 regions showed differential expression in ZSZ1 and tenacissima leaves, including an MYB gene whole_GLEAN_10016511 from the CF13 region. Wide variation was observed in the promoter regions of whole_GLEAN_10016511, likely responsible for its downregulated expression in tenacissima. Interestingly, more fiber cells were observed in Arabidopsis with overexpression of whole_GLEAN_10016511, indicating that the downregulated expression of this gene could have an association with the relatively low fiber content in wild tenacissima. These results provided evidence that whole_GLEAN_10016511 is a logical candidate for CF13. This study provides important insights into the genetic basis underlying ramie crude protein and fiber content, and it presents genetic loci for improving the forage quality of ramie using marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xiai Yang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Touming Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
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Sahu PK, Sao R, Choudhary DK, Thada A, Kumar V, Mondal S, Das BK, Jankuloski L, Sharma D. Advancement in the Breeding, Biotechnological and Genomic Tools towards Development of Durable Genetic Resistance against the Rice Blast Disease. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182386. [PMID: 36145787 PMCID: PMC9504543 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice production needs to be sustained in the coming decades, as the changeable climatic conditions are becoming more conducive to disease outbreaks. The majority of rice diseases cause enormous economic damage and yield instability. Among them, rice blast caused by Magnaportheoryzae is a serious fungal disease and is considered one of the major threats to world rice production. This pathogen can infect the above-ground tissues of rice plants at any growth stage and causes complete crop failure under favorable conditions. Therefore, management of blast disease is essentially required to sustain global food production. When looking at the drawback of chemical management strategy, the development of durable, resistant varieties is one of the most sustainable, economic, and environment-friendly approaches to counter the outbreaks of rice blasts. Interestingly, several blast-resistant rice cultivars have been developed with the help of breeding and biotechnological methods. In addition, 146 R genes have been identified, and 37 among them have been molecularly characterized to date. Further, more than 500 loci have been identified for blast resistance which enhances the resources for developing blast resistance through marker-assisted selection (MAS), marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB), and genome editing tools. Apart from these, a better understanding of rice blast pathogens, the infection process of the pathogen, and the genetics of the immune response of the host plant are very important for the effective management of the blast disease. Further, high throughput phenotyping and disease screening protocols have played significant roles in easy comprehension of the mechanism of disease spread. The present review critically emphasizes the pathogenesis, pathogenomics, screening techniques, traditional and molecular breeding approaches, and transgenic and genome editing tools to develop a broad spectrum and durable resistance against blast disease in rice. The updated and comprehensive information presented in this review would be definitely helpful for the researchers, breeders, and students in the planning and execution of a resistance breeding program in rice against this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmeshwar K. Sahu
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Richa Sao
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Antra Thada
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Baronda, Raipur 493225, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Suvendu Mondal
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bikram K. Das
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ljupcho Jankuloski
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1400 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (D.S.); Tel.: +91-7000591137 (D.S.)
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur 492012, Chhattisgarh, India
- Correspondence: (L.J.); (D.S.); Tel.: +91-7000591137 (D.S.)
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Understanding the Dynamics of Blast Resistance in Rice-Magnaporthe oryzae Interactions. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060584. [PMID: 35736067 PMCID: PMC9224618 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice is a global food grain crop for more than one-third of the human population and a source for food and nutritional security. Rice production is subjected to various stresses; blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the major biotic stresses that has the potential to destroy total crop under severe conditions. In the present review, we discuss the importance of rice and blast disease in the present and future global context, genomics and molecular biology of blast pathogen and rice, and the molecular interplay between rice–M. oryzae interaction governed by different gene interaction models. We also elaborated in detail on M. oryzae effector and Avr genes, and the role of noncoding RNAs in disease development. Further, rice blast resistance QTLs; resistance (R) genes; and alleles identified, cloned, and characterized are discussed. We also discuss the utilization of QTLs and R genes for blast resistance through conventional breeding and transgenic approaches. Finally, we review the demonstrated examples and potential applications of the latest genome-editing tools in understanding and managing blast disease in rice.
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Shen G, Hu W, Wang X, Zhou X, Han Z, Sherif A, Ayaad M, Xing Y. Assembly of yield heterosis of an elite rice hybrid is promising by manipulating dominant quantitative trait loci. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:688-701. [PMID: 34995015 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the past, rice hybrids with strong heterosis have been obtained empirically, by developing and testing thousands of combinations. Here, we aimed to determine whether heterosis of an elite hybrid could be achieved by manipulating major quantitative trait loci. We used 202 chromosome segment substitution lines from the elite hybrid Shanyou 63 to evaluate single segment heterosis (SSH) of yield per plant and identify heterotic loci. All nine detected heterotic loci acted in a dominant fashion, and no SSH exhibited overdominance. Functional alleles of key yield-related genes Ghd7, Ghd7.1, Hd1, and GS3 were dispersed in both parents. No functional alleles of three investigated genes were expressed at higher levels in the hybrids than in the more desirable parents. A hybrid pyramiding eight heterotic loci in the female parent Zhenshan 97 background had a comparable yield to Shanyou 63 and much higher yield than Zhenshan 97. Five hybrids pyramiding eight or nine heterotic loci in the combined parental genome background showed similar yield performance to that of Shanyou 63. These results suggest that dominance underlying functional complementation is an important contributor to yield heterosis and that heterosis assembly might be successfully promised by manipulating several major dominant heterotic loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojing Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xianmeng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiangchun Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhongming Han
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ahmed Sherif
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mohammed Ayaad
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abo-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt
| | - Yongzhong Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
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7
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Utilization of genetic diversity and population structure to reveal prospective drought-tolerant donors in rice. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Hechanova SL, Bhattarai K, Simon EV, Clave G, Karunarathne P, Ahn EK, Li CP, Lee JS, Kohli A, Hamilton NRS, Hernandez JE, Gregorio GB, Jena KK, An G, Kim SR. Development of a genome-wide InDel marker set for allele discrimination between rice (Oryza sativa) and the other seven AA-genome Oryza species. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8962. [PMID: 33903715 PMCID: PMC8076200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild relatives of rice in the genus Oryza (composed of 24 species with 11 different genome types) have been significantly contributing to the varietal improvement of rice (Oryza sativa). More than 4000 accessions of wild rice species are available and they are regarded as a "genetic reservoir" for further rice improvement. DNA markers are essential tools in genetic analysis and breeding. To date, genome-wide marker sets for wild rice species have not been well established and this is one of the major difficulties for the efficient use of wild germplasm. Here, we developed 541 genome-wide InDel markers for the discrimination of alleles between the cultivated species O. sativa and the other seven AA-genome species by positional multiple sequence alignments among five AA-genome species with four rice varieties. The newly developed markers were tested by PCR-agarose gel analysis of 24 accessions from eight AA genome species (three accessions per species) along with two representative cultivars (O. sativa subsp. indica cv. IR24 and subsp. japonica cv. Nipponbare). Marker polymorphism was validated for 475 markers. The number of polymorphic markers between IR24 and each species (three accessions) ranged from 338 (versus O. rufipogon) to 416 (versus O. longistaminata) and the values in comparison with Nipponbare ranged from 179 (versus O. glaberrima) to 323 (versus O. glumaepatula). These marker sets will be useful for genetic studies and use of the AA-genome wild rice species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Lou Hechanova
- Gene Identification and Validation Group, Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Kamal Bhattarai
- Gene Identification and Validation Group, Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
- Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Eliza Vie Simon
- Gene Identification and Validation Group, Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
- Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Graciana Clave
- Gene Identification and Validation Group, Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Pathmasiri Karunarathne
- Gene Identification and Validation Group, Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
- Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Eok-Keun Ahn
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Suwon, 16429, Republic of Korea
| | - Charng-Pei Li
- Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), Council of Agriculture, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jeom-Sig Lee
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Suwon, 16429, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajay Kohli
- Gene Identification and Validation Group, Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - N Ruaraidh Sackville Hamilton
- Gene Identification and Validation Group, Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Jose E Hernandez
- Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Glenn B Gregorio
- Institute of Crop Science (ICropS), College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Kshirod K Jena
- Gene Identification and Validation Group, Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Gynheung An
- Crop Biotech Institute and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ryul Kim
- Gene Identification and Validation Group, Genetic Design and Validation Unit, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), 4031, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines.
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Sharma SK, Sharma D, Meena RP, Yadav MK, Hosahatti R, Dubey AK, Sharma P, Kumar S, Pramesh D, Nabi SU, Bhuvaneshwari S, Anand YR, Dubey SK, Singh TS. Recent Insights in Rice Blast Disease Resistance. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60585-8_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Gaballah MM, Fiaz S, Wang X, Younas A, Khan SA, Wattoo FM, Shafiq MR. Identification of genetic diversity among some promising lines of rice under drought stress using SSR markers. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2021.1989738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M. Gaballah
- Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr Elsheikh, Egypt
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Xiukang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Afifa Younas
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore Pakistan
| | - Sher Aslam Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Masoud Wattoo
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Shafiq
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Okara, Pakistan
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Gaballah MM, Metwally AM, Skalicky M, Hassan MM, Brestic M, EL Sabagh A, Fayed AM. Genetic Diversity of Selected Rice Genotypes under Water Stress Conditions. PLANTS 2020; 10:plants10010027. [PMID: 33374424 PMCID: PMC7824656 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the most challenging abiotic stress for rice production in the world. Thus, developing new rice genotype tolerance to water scarcity is one of the best strategies to achieve and maximize high yield potential with water savings. The study aims to characterize 16 rice genotypes for grain and agronomic parameters under normal and drought stress conditions, and genetic differentiation, by determining specific DNA markers related to drought tolerance using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers and grouping cultivars, establishing their genetic relationship for different traits. The experiment was conducted under irrigated (normal) and water stress conditions. Mean squares due to genotype × environment interactions were highly significant for major traits. For the number of panicles/plants, the genotypes Giza179, IET1444, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 showed the maximum mean values. The required sterility percentage values were produced by genotypes IET1444, Giza178, Hybrid2, and Giza179, while, Sakha101, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 achieved the highest values of grain yield/plant. The genotypes Giza178, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2, produced maximum values for water use efficiency. The effective number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.20 alleles to 3.0 alleles with an average of 1.28 alleles, and the He values for all SSR markers used varied from 0.94 to 1.00 with an average of 0.98. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values for the SSR were varied from 0.83 to 0.99, with an average of 0.95 along with a highly significant correlation between PIC values and the number of amplified alleles detected per locus. The highest similarity coefficient between Giza181 and Giza182 (Indica type) was observed and are susceptible to drought stress. High similarity percentage between the genotypes (japonica type; Sakha104 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.45), Sakha101 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.40), Sakha105 with Hybrid1 (0.40), Hybrid1 with Giza178 (0.40) and GZ1368-S-5-4 with Giza181 (0.40)) was also observed, which are also susceptible to drought stress. All genotypes are grouped into two major clusters in the dendrogram at 66% similarity based on Jaccard’s similarity index. The first cluster (A) was divided into two minor groups A1 and A2, in which A1 had two groups A1-1 and A1-2, containing drought-tolerant genotypes like IET1444, GZ1386-S-5-4 and Hybrid1. On the other hand, the A1-2 cluster divided into A1-2-1 containing Hybrid2 genotype and A1-2-2 containing Giza179 and Giza178 at coefficient 0.91, showing moderate tolerance to drought stress. The genotypes GZ1368-S-5-4, IET1444, Giza 178, and Giza179, could be included as appropriate materials for developing a drought-tolerant variety breeding program. Genetic diversity to grow new rice cultivars that combine drought tolerance with high grain yields is essential to maintaining food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M. Gaballah
- Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh 33717, Egypt;
| | - Azza M. Metwally
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt; (A.M.M.); (A.M.F.)
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Mohamed M. Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.S.); (M.B.)
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ayman EL Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Aysam M. Fayed
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt; (A.M.M.); (A.M.F.)
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12
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Development of flash-flood tolerant and durable bacterial blight resistant versions of mega rice variety 'Swarna' through marker-assisted backcross breeding. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12810. [PMID: 31488854 PMCID: PMC6728354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial blight (BB) disease and submergence due to flash flood are the two major constraints for achieving higher yield from rainfed lowland rice. Marker-assisted backcross breeding was followed to develop submergence tolerant and durable BB resistant variety in the background of popular cultivar ‘Swarna’. Four BB resistance genes viz., Xa4, xa5, xa13, Xa21 and Sub1 QTL for submergence tolerance were incorporated into the mega variety. Foreground selection for the five target genes was performed using closely linked markers and tracked in each backcross generations. Background selection in plants carrying the target genes was performed by using 100 simple sequence repeat markers. Amongst backcross derivatives, the plant carrying five target genes and maximum recurrent parent genome content was selected in each generation and hybridized with recipient parent. Eighteen BC3F2 plants were obtained by selfing the selected BC3F1 line. Amongst the pyramided lines, 3 lines were homozygous for all the target genes. Bioassay of the 18 pyramided lines containing BB resistance genes was conducted against different Xoo strains conferred very high levels of resistance to the predominant isolates. The pyramided lines also exhibited submergence tolerance for 14 days. The pyramided lines were similar to the recurrent parent in 14 morpho-quality traits.
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Rao Y, Xu N, Li S, Hu J, Jiao R, Hu P, Lin H, Lu C, Lin X, Dai Z, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Wang Y. PE-1, Encoding Heme Oxygenase 1, Impacts Heading Date and Chloroplast Development in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7249-7257. [PMID: 31244201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The duration of the rice growth phase has always been an important target trait. The identification of mutations in rice that alter these processes and result in a shorter growth phase could have potential benefits for crop production. In this study, we isolated an early aging rice mutant, pe-1, with light green leaves, using γ-mutated indica rice cultivar and subsequent screening methods, which is known as the phytochrome synthesis factor Se5 that controls rice flowering. The pe-1 plant is accompanied by a decreased chlorophyll content, an enhanced photosynthesis, and a decreased pollen fertility. PE-1, a close homologue of HY1, is localized in the chloroplast. Expression pattern analysis indicated that PE-1 was mainly expressed in roots, stems, leaves, leaf sheaths, and young panicles. The knockout of PE-1 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system decreased the chlorophyll content and downregulated the expression of PE-1-related genes. Furthermore, the chloroplasts of pe-1 were filled with many large-sized starch grains, and the number of osmiophilic granules (a chloroplast lipid reservoir) was significantly decreased. Altogether, our findings suggest that PE-1 functions as a master regulator to mediate in chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchun Rao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Sanfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Hu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Han Lin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Caolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Lin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yilan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences , Zhejiang Normal University , Jinhua , Zhejiang 321004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology , China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310006 , People's Republic of China
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The potentiality of rice microsatellite markers in assessment of cross-species transferability and genetic diversity of rice and its wild relatives. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:217. [PMID: 31114741 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study is to assess the potentiality of SSR markers for the identification of the cross-species transferability frequency in a large set of the diverse genome types of wild relative rice along with cultivated rice. Here, we used 18 different rice genotypes representing nine different genome types with 70 SSR markers to investigate the potentiality of cross-species transferability rate. The overall cross-species transferability of SSR markers across the 18 rice genotypes ranged from 38.9% (RM280 and RM447) to 100% (RM490, RM318, RM279, RM18877 and RM20033, RM19303) with an average of 76.58%. Also, cross-species transferability across chromosome ranged from 54.4% (chromosome 4) to 86.5% (chromosome 2) with an average of 74.35%. The polymorphism information content of the markers varied from 0.198 (RM263) to 0.868 (RM510) with a mean of 0.549 ± 0.153, showing high discriminatory power. The highest rate of cross-transferability was observed in O. rufipogon (97%), The highest rate of cross-species transferability was in O. rufipogon (97.00%), followed by O. glaberrima (94.20%), O. nivara (92.80%), Swarna (92.80%), O. longistaminata (91.40%), O. eichingeri (90%), O. barthii (88.50%), O. alta (82.80%), O. australiensis (77.10%), O. grandiglumis (74.20%), O. officinalis (74.20%), Zizania latifolia (70.00%), O. latifolia (68.50%), O. brachyantha (62.80%), Leersia perrieri (57.10%) and O. ridleyi (41.40%) with least in O. coarctata (28.50%). A total of 341 alleles from 70 loci were detected with the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 12. Based on dendrogram analysis, the AA genome groups was separated as distinct group from the rest of the genome types. Similarly, principal coordinate analysis and structure analysis clearly separated the AA genome type from the rest of the genome types. Through the analysis of molecular variance, more variance (51%) was observed among the individual, whereas less (14%) was observed among the population. Thus, our findings may offer a valuable resource for studying the genetic diversity and relationship to facilitate the understanding of the complex mechanism of the origin and evolutionary processes of different Oryza species and wild relative rice.
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15
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Chukwu SC, Rafii MY, Ramlee SI, Ismail SI, Oladosu Y, Okporie E, Onyishi G, Utobo E, Ekwu L, Swaray S, Jalloh M. Marker-assisted selection and gene pyramiding for resistance to bacterial leaf blight disease of rice (Oryza sativa L.). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1584054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Chibuike Chukwu
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Y. Rafii
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shairul Izan Ramlee
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Izera Ismail
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yussuf Oladosu
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Okporie
- Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Godwin Onyishi
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - Emeka Utobo
- Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Lynda Ekwu
- Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Senesie Swaray
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Momodu Jalloh
- Laboratory of Climate-Smart Food Crop Production, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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Chen X, Xu P, Zhou J, Tao D, Yu D. Mapping and breeding value evaluation of a semi-dominant semi-dwarf gene in upland rice. PLANT DIVERSITY 2018; 40:238-244. [PMID: 30740570 PMCID: PMC6224660 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant height is an important trait related to yield potential and plant architecture. A suitable plant height plays a crucial role in improvement of rice yield and lodging resistance. In this study, we found that the traditional upland landrace 'Kaowenghan' (KWH) showed a special semi-dwarf phenotype. To identify the semi-dwarf gene from KWH, we raised BC2F4 semi-dwarf introgression lines (IL) by hybridization of the japonica rice cultivar 'Dianjingyou1' (DJY1) and KWH in a DJY1 background. The plant height of the homozygous semi-dwarf IL (IL-87) was significantly reduced compared with that of DJY1. The phenotype of the F1 progeny of the semi-dwarf IL-87 and DJY1 showed that the semi-dwarf phenotype was semi-dominant. QTL mapping indicated that the semi-dwarf phenotype was controlled by a major QTL qDH1 and was localized between the markers RM6696 and RM12047 on chromosome 1. We also developed near-isogenic lines (NIL) from the BC3F3 population, and found that the yield of homozygous NIL (NIL-2) was not significantly different compared to DJY1. Breeding value evaluation through investigation of the plant height of the progeny of NIL (NIL-2) and cultivars from different genetic background indicate that the novel semi-dwarf gene shows potential as a genetic resource for rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Jiawu Zhou
- Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS), Kunming, 650200, China
| | - Dayun Tao
- Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS), Kunming, 650200, China
| | - Diqiu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
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17
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Hasan MM, Rafii MY, Ismail MR, Mahmood M, Rahim HA, Latif MA, Amirul Alam M, Ahmad F, Malek MA. Genetic analysis of the resistance to rice blast in the BC 2F 1 population derived from MR263 × Pongsu Seribu 1. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1506266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Hasan
- Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. Y. Rafii
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. R. Ismail
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - H. A. Rahim
- Agrotechnology and Bioscience Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. A. Latif
- Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Amirul Alam
- Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Fahim Ahmad
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M. A. Malek
- Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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18
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Keller J, Rousseau-Gueutin M, Martin GE, Morice J, Boutte J, Coissac E, Ourari M, Aïnouche M, Salmon A, Cabello-Hurtado F, Aïnouche A. The evolutionary fate of the chloroplast and nuclear rps16 genes as revealed through the sequencing and comparative analyses of four novel legume chloroplast genomes from Lupinus. DNA Res 2017; 24:343-358. [PMID: 28338826 PMCID: PMC5737547 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsx006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fabaceae family is considered as a model system for understanding chloroplast genome evolution due to the presence of extensive structural rearrangements, gene losses and localized hypermutable regions. Here, we provide sequences of four chloroplast genomes from the Lupinus genus, belonging to the underinvestigated Genistoid clade. Notably, we found in Lupinus species the functional loss of the essential rps16 gene, which was most likely replaced by the nuclear rps16 gene that encodes chloroplast and mitochondrion targeted RPS16 proteins. To study the evolutionary fate of the rps16 gene, we explored all available plant chloroplast, mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Whereas no plant mitochondrial genomes carry an rps16 gene, many plants still have a functional nuclear and chloroplast rps16 gene. Ka/Ks ratios revealed that both chloroplast and nuclear rps16 copies were under purifying selection. However, due to the dual targeting of the nuclear rps16 gene product and the absence of a mitochondrial copy, the chloroplast gene may be lost. We also performed comparative analyses of lupine plastomes (SNPs, indels and repeat elements), identified the most variable regions and examined their phylogenetic utility. The markers identified here will help to reveal the evolutionary history of lupines, Genistoids and closely related clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Keller
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, OSUR (Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes), Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - M Rousseau-Gueutin
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, OSUR (Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes), Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France.,IGEPP, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France
| | - G E Martin
- CIRAD (Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement), UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - J Morice
- IGEPP, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes 1, BP35327, 35653 Le Rheu Cedex, France
| | - J Boutte
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, OSUR (Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes), Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - E Coissac
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS - Université de Grenoble 1 - Université de Savoie, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - M Ourari
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Abderrahmane Mira, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
| | - M Aïnouche
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, OSUR (Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes), Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - A Salmon
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, OSUR (Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes), Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - F Cabello-Hurtado
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, OSUR (Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes), Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - A Aïnouche
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, OSUR (Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes), Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
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19
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Kou X, Qi K, Qiao X, Yin H, Liu X, Zhang S, Wu J. Evolution, expression analysis, and functional verification of Catharanthus roseus RLK1-like kinase (CrRLK1L) family proteins in pear (Pyrus bretchneideri). Genomics 2017; 109:290-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Zhou H, Li P, Xie W, Hussain S, Li Y, Xia D, Zhao H, Sun S, Chen J, Ye H, Hou J, Zhao D, Gao G, Zhang Q, Wang G, Lian X, Xiao J, Yu S, Li X, He Y. Genome-wide Association Analyses Reveal the Genetic Basis of Stigma Exsertion in Rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:634-644. [PMID: 28110091 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Stigma exsertion, a key determinant of the rice mating system, greatly contributes to the application of heterosis in rice. Although a few quantitative trait loci associated with stigma exsertion have been fine mapped or cloned, the underlying genetic architecture remains unclear. We performed a genome-wide association study on stigma exsertion and related floral traits using 6.5 million SNPs characterized in 533 diverse accessions of Oryza sativa. We identified 23 genomic loci that are significantly associated with stigma exsertion and related traits, three of which are co-localized with three major grain size genes GS3, GW5, and GW2. Further analyses indicated that these three genes affected the stigma exsertion by controlling the size and shape of the spikelet and stigma. Combinations of GS3 and GW5 largely defined the levels of stigma exsertion and related traits. Selections of these two genes resulted in specific distributions of floral traits among subpopulations of O. sativa. The low stigma exsertion combination gw5GS3 existed in half of the cultivated rice varieties; therefore, introducing the GW5gs3 combination into male sterile lines is of high potential for improving the seed production of hybrid rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Pingbo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weibo Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yibo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Duo Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shengyuan Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junxiao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hong Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jun Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Da Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guanjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qinglu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Gongwei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xingming Lian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinghua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sibin Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xianghua Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuqing He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Yan D, Zhao X, Cheng Y, Ma X, Huang L, Zhang X. Phylogenetic and Diversity Analysis of Dactylis glomerata Subspecies Using SSR and IT-ISJ Markers. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111459. [PMID: 27809251 PMCID: PMC6272990 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Dactylis, an important forage crop, has a wide geographical distribution in temperate regions. While this genus is thought to include a single species, Dactylis glomerata, this species encompasses many subspecies whose relationships have not been fully characterized. In this study, the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of nine representative Dactylis subspecies were examined using SSR and IT-ISJ markers. In total, 21 pairs of SSR primers and 15 pairs of IT-ISJ primers were used to amplify 295 polymorphic bands with polymorphic rates of 100%. The average polymorphic information contents (PICs) of SSR and IT-ISJ markers were 0.909 and 0.780, respectively. The combined data of the two markers indicated a high level of genetic diversity among the nine D. glomerata subspecies, with a Nei’s gene diversity index value of 0.283 and Shannon’s diversity of 0.448. Preliminarily phylogenetic analysis results revealed that the 20 accessions could be divided into three groups (A, B, C). Furthermore, they could be divided into five clusters, which is similar to the structure analysis with K = 5. Phylogenetic placement in these three groups may be related to the distribution ranges and the climate types of the subspecies in each group. Group A contained eight accessions of four subspecies, originating from the west Mediterranean, while Group B contained seven accessions of three subspecies, originating from the east Mediterranean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defei Yan
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yajuan Cheng
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Linkai Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Pradhan SK, Barik SR, Sahoo A, Mohapatra S, Nayak DK, Mahender A, Meher J, Anandan A, Pandit E. Population Structure, Genetic Diversity and Molecular Marker-Trait Association Analysis for High Temperature Stress Tolerance in Rice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160027. [PMID: 27494320 PMCID: PMC4975506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice exhibits enormous genetic diversity, population structure and molecular marker-traits associated with abiotic stress tolerance to high temperature stress. A set of breeding lines and landraces representing 240 germplasm lines were studied. Based on spikelet fertility percent under high temperature, tolerant genotypes were broadly classified into four classes. Genetic diversity indicated a moderate level of genetic base of the population for the trait studied. Wright’s F statistic estimates showed a deviation of Hardy-Weinberg expectation in the population. The analysis of molecular variance revealed 25 percent variation between population, 61 percent among individuals and 14 percent within individuals in the set. The STRUCTURE analysis categorized the entire population into three sub-populations and suggested that most of the landraces in each sub-population had a common primary ancestor with few admix individuals. The composition of materials in the panel showed the presence of many QTLs representing the entire genome for the expression of tolerance. The strongly associated marker RM547 tagged with spikelet fertility under stress and the markers like RM228, RM205, RM247, RM242, INDEL3 and RM314 indirectly controlling the high temperature stress tolerance were detected through both mixed linear model and general linear model TASSEL analysis. These markers can be deployed as a resource for marker-assisted breeding program of high temperature stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharat Kumar Pradhan
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Saumya Ranjan Barik
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Ambika Sahoo
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Sudipti Mohapatra
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Nayak
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Anumalla Mahender
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Jitandriya Meher
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Annamalai Anandan
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Elssa Pandit
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
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Development and validation of cross-transferable and polymorphic DNA markers for detecting alien genome introgression in Oryza sativa from Oryza brachyantha. Mol Genet Genomics 2016; 291:1783-94. [PMID: 27299359 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-016-1214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
African wild rice Oryza brachyantha (FF), a distant relative of cultivated rice Oryza sativa (AA), carries genes for pests and disease resistance. Molecular marker assisted alien gene introgression from this wild species to its domesticated counterpart is largely impeded due to the scarce availability of cross-transferable and polymorphic molecular markers that can clearly distinguish these two species. Availability of the whole genome sequence (WGS) of both the species provides a unique opportunity to develop markers, which are cross-transferable. We observed poor cross-transferability (~0.75 %) of O. sativa specific sequence tagged microsatellite (STMS) markers to O. brachyantha. By utilizing the genome sequence information, we developed a set of 45 low cost PCR based co-dominant polymorphic markers (STS and CAPS). These markers were found cross-transferrable (84.78 %) between the two species and could distinguish them from each other and thus allowed tracing alien genome introgression. Finally, we validated a Monosomic Alien Addition Line (MAAL) carrying chromosome 1 of O. brachyantha in O. sativa background using these markers, as a proof of concept. Hence, in this study, we have identified a set molecular marker (comprising of STMS, STS and CAPS) that are capable of detecting alien genome introgression from O. brachyantha to O. sativa.
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Bora A, Choudhury PR, Pande V, Mandal AB. Assessment of genetic purity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) hybrids using microsatellite markers. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:50. [PMID: 28330120 PMCID: PMC4746197 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-015-0337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to detect genetic impurity in the seed lots of CMS lines, restorers and hybrids and to identify signature markers to differentiate parents and hybrids through DNA-based assays. Furthermore, attempts have been made to find out an alternative to Grow-Out-Test, which is very tedious, time consuming and used conventionally for seed genetic purity testing since beginning of quality seed multiplication chain. Fifty-one rice-specific sequence tagged microsatellite (STMS) primer pairs distributed throughout the rice genome were employed for fingerprinting of eight rice hybrids and their parental lines with a view to assess variation within parental lines and to test the genetic purity of the commercial seed lots. Among those, 51 markers, 28 microsatellite markers showed polymorphism (54.90 %). A total of 98 alleles were obtained with an average of 1.92 alleles per primer pair and number of alleles amplified for each primer pair ranged from 1 to 4. A set of markers were identified to differentiate parental lines of the hybrids and which emphasizes the immense scope of those molecular markers for their use in the unambiguous identification of hybrid, which would be of great benefit to farmers that depend on the hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Bora
- Directorate of Seed Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Mau, 275101, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Partha Ray Choudhury
- Directorate of Seed Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Mau, 275101, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Veena Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital, 263136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Asit B Mandal
- Directorate of Seed Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Mau, 275101, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Gao L, Jia J, Kong X. A SNP-Based Molecular Barcode for Characterization of Common Wheat. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150947. [PMID: 26985664 PMCID: PMC4795793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is grown as a staple crop worldwide. It is important to develop an effective genotyping tool for this cereal grain both to identify germplasm diversity and to protect the rights of breeders. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping provides a means for developing a practical, rapid, inexpensive and high-throughput assay. Here, we investigated SNPs as robust markers of genetic variation for typing wheat cultivars. We identified SNPs from an array of 9000 across a collection of 429 well-known wheat cultivars grown in China, of which 43 SNP markers with high minor allele frequency and variations discriminated the selected wheat varieties and their wild ancestors. This SNP-based barcode will allow for the rapid and precise identification of wheat germplasm resources and newly released varieties and will further assist in the wheat breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiFeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA, the National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, CAAS, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - JiZeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA, the National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, CAAS, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - XiuYing Kong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA, the National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, CAAS, Beijing, 100081, China
- * E-mail:
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Gao LZ, Gao CW. Lowered Diversity and Increased Inbreeding Depression within Peripheral Populations of Wild Rice Oryza rufipogon. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150468. [PMID: 26963913 PMCID: PMC4786333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The distribution of genetic variability from the interior towards the periphery of a species' range is of great interest to evolutionary biologists. Although it has been long presumed that population genetic variation should decrease as a species' range is approached, results of empirical investigations still remain ambiguous. Knowledge regarding patterns of genetic variability as well as affected factors is particularly not conclusive in plants. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To determine genetic divergence in peripheral populations of the wild rice Oryza rufipogon Griff. from China, genetic diversity and population structure were studied in five northern & northeastern peripheral and 16 central populations using six microsatellite loci. We found that populations resided at peripheries of the species possessed markedly decreased microsatellite diversity than those located in its center. Population size was observed to be positively correlated with microsatellite diversity. Moreover, there are significantly positive correlations between levels of microsatellite diversity and distances from the northern and northeastern periphery of this species. To investigate genetic structure and heterozygosity variation between generations of O. rufipogon, a total of 2382 progeny seeds from 186 maternal families were further assayed from three peripheral and central populations, respectively. Peripheral populations exhibited significantly lower levels of heterozygosities than central populations for both seed and maternal generations. In comparisons with maternal samples, significantly low observed heterozygosity (HO) and high heterozygote deficit within populations (FIS) values were detected in seed samples from both peripheral and central populations. Significantly lower observed heterozygosity (HO) and higher FIS values were further observed in peripheral populations than those in central populations for seed samples. The results indicate an excess of homozygotes and thus high inbreeding depression in peripheral populations. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our results together suggest that historical contraction of geographical range, demographic changes, and environmental conditions near the northern and northeastern margins of O. rufipogon favor inbreeding and possibly selfing, leading to the rapidly decreased effective population size. Genetic drift, reduced gene flow, and possible local selection, consequently lead to lowered gene diversity, accelerated genetic divergence and increased inbreeding depression found in peripheral populations of O. rufipogon. Given these characteristics observed, northern and northeastern peripheral populations deserve relatively different conservation strategies for either germplasm sampling of ex situ conservation or setting in situ reserves for the adaptation to possible environmental changes and the future germplasm utilization of wild rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zhi Gao
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwest China, Kunming Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Wen Gao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650504, China
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Daware A, Das S, Srivastava R, Badoni S, Singh AK, Agarwal P, Parida SK, Tyagi AK. An Efficient Strategy Combining SSR Markers- and Advanced QTL-seq-driven QTL Mapping Unravels Candidate Genes Regulating Grain Weight in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1535. [PMID: 27833617 PMCID: PMC5080349 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Development and use of genome-wide informative simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and novel integrated genomic strategies are vital to drive genomics-assisted breeding applications and for efficient dissection of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying complex traits in rice. The present study developed 6244 genome-wide informative SSR markers exhibiting in silico fragment length polymorphism based on repeat-unit variations among genomic sequences of 11 indica, japonica, aus, and wild rice accessions. These markers were mapped on diverse coding and non-coding sequence components of known cloned/candidate genes annotated from 12 chromosomes and revealed a much higher amplification (97%) and polymorphic potential (88%) along with wider genetic/functional diversity level (16-74% with a mean 53%) especially among accessions belonging to indica cultivar group, suggesting their utility in large-scale genomics-assisted breeding applications in rice. A high-density 3791 SSR markers-anchored genetic linkage map (IR 64 × Sonasal) spanning 2060 cM total map-length with an average inter-marker distance of 0.54 cM was generated. This reference genetic map identified six major genomic regions harboring robust QTLs (31% combined phenotypic variation explained with a 5.7-8.7 LOD) governing grain weight on six rice chromosomes. One strong grain weight major QTL region (OsqGW5.1) was narrowed-down by integrating traditional QTL mapping with high-resolution QTL region-specific integrated SSR and single nucleotide polymorphism markers-based QTL-seq analysis and differential expression profiling. This led us to delineate two natural allelic variants in two known cis-regulatory elements (RAV1AAT and CARGCW8GAT) of glycosyl hydrolase and serine carboxypeptidase genes exhibiting pronounced seed-specific differential regulation in low (Sonasal) and high (IR 64) grain weight mapping parental accessions. Our genome-wide SSR marker resource (polymorphic within/between diverse cultivar groups) and integrated genomic strategy can efficiently scan functionally relevant potential molecular tags (markers, candidate genes and alleles) regulating complex agronomic traits (grain weight) and expedite marker-assisted genetic enhancement in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Daware
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR)New Delhi, India
| | - Sweta Das
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR)New Delhi, India
| | - Rishi Srivastava
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR)New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Badoni
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR)New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok K. Singh
- Rice Section, Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI)New Delhi, India
| | - Pinky Agarwal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR)New Delhi, India
| | - Swarup K. Parida
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR)New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Akhilesh K. Tyagi, Swarup K. Parida, ;
| | - Akhilesh K. Tyagi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR)New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Akhilesh K. Tyagi, Swarup K. Parida, ;
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28
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Multiplex SSR-PCR approaches for semi-automated genotyping and characterization of loci linked to blast disease resistance genes in rice. C R Biol 2015; 338:709-22. [PMID: 26318048 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, 63 polymorphic microsatellite markers related to rice blast resistance genes were fluorescently labelled at the 5'-end with either 6-FAM or HEX using the G5 dye set and incorporated into a multiplex SSR-PCR for the detection of fragments using an automated system. For rice F3 families obtained from crosses between Pongsu Seribu 2 (Malaysian blast resistant cultivar) and Mahsuri (a susceptible rice cultivar), the genotypes for 13 designated multiplex SSR panels were determined. The genotyping assays were performed using a capillary-based ABIPRISM 3100 genetic analyser. The sizes of the SSRs alleles observed in the range from 79 to 324 bp. The observed marker segregation data were analysed using the Chi(2) test. A genetic linkage map covering ten chromosomes and comprising 63 polymorphic SSR markers was constructed, and the distorted loci were localised to linkage groups. The results indicated that distorted loci are presented on eight chromosomes.
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29
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Zhang L, Mao D, Xing F, Bai X, Zhao H, Yao W, Li G, Xie W, Xing Y. Loss of function of OsMADS3 via the insertion of a novel retrotransposon leads to recessive male sterility in rice (Oryza sativa). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 238:188-97. [PMID: 26259187 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural mutation is the source of natural variation, which is the fundamental basis for the genetic improvement of crops. During the process of developing a recombinant inbred line (RI), a spontaneous mutagenesis in RI127 led to the production of the recessive male-sterile line RI127S. Via a map-based cloning approach, the gene controlling the male sterility was identified as OsMADS3, which was previously reported to be associated with floral organ development and male sterility. Thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR isolated one 1633-bp insertion in OsMADS3 in RI127S, which damaged its function due to failed transcription. The 1633-bp insertion was derived from a fragment flanked by retrotransposon genes on chromosome 5. Seven haplotypes of OsMADS3 were observed among 529 cultivars and 107 wild rice accessions, and 98% of the investigated genotypes carried the same H2 haplotype, indicating that OsMADS3 is highly conserved. RI127S has the combined genome constitution of its parents, indica rice Teqing and japonica 02428, and carries the widely compatible S5 gene donated by 02428. RI127 exhibits good performance in regard to its agronomic traits and has a wide compatibility. Therefore, RI127S would be an elite mediator for recurrent breeding in cases requiring a tedious hand-crossing-based inter-crossing phase. RI127S can be crossed not only with indica rice but also with japonica rice, thus providing breeders with flexible arrangements in recurrent breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Donghai Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Feng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Center for Bioinformatics, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xufeng Bai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wen Yao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guangwei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weibo Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongzhong Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtz University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
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Tanweer FA, Rafii MY, Sijam K, Rahim HA, Ahmed F, Latif MA. Current advance methods for the identification of blast resistance genes in rice. C R Biol 2015; 338:321-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Molecular markers, due to their stability, cost-effectiveness and ease of use provide an immensely popular tool for a variety of applications including genome mapping, gene tagging, genetic diversity diversity, phylogenetic analysis and forensic investigations. In the last three decades, a number of molecular marker techniques have been developed and exploited worldwide in different systems. However, only a handful of these techniques, namely RFLPs, RAPDs, AFLPs, ISSRs, SSRs and SNPs have received global acceptance. A recent revolution in DNA sequencing techniques has taken the discovery and application of molecular markers to high-throughput and ultrahigh-throughput levels. Although, the choice of marker will obviously depend on the targeted use, microsatellites, SNPs and genotyping by sequencing (GBS) largely fulfill most of the user requirements. Further, modern transcriptomic and functional markers will lead the ventures onto high-density genetic map construction, identification of QTLs, breeding and conservation strategies in times to come in combination with other high throughput techniques. This review presents an overview of different marker technologies and their variants with a comparative account of their characteristic features and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Grover
- a Biotechnology Division , Defence Institute of Bio Energy Research , Goraparao, P.O. Arjunpur , Haldwani , Uttarakhand , India and
| | - P C Sharma
- b University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University , Dwarka Sec. 16C , New Delhi , India
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32
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Ranawake AL, Manangkil OE, Yoshida S, Ishii T, Mori N, Nakamura C. Mapping QTLs for cold tolerance at germination and the early seedling stage in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 28:989-998. [PMID: 26740779 PMCID: PMC4684067 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.978539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold tolerance is an important breeding target in rice production. We studied quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling cold tolerance at germination (CTG) and early seedling (CTS) stages, using recombinant inbred lines derived from a japonica × indica cross. CTG was evaluated based on the percentage rate of germination at 15 °C for 12 days after pre-incubation of imbibed seeds at 20 °C for 2 days. For CTS, seven-day-old seedlings grown at 25 °C were subjected to two consecutive periods of three-day cold stress at 4 °C with an intervening eight-day recovery at 25 °C. CTS evaluation was according to an arbitrary five-point rating system at the fifth day of recovery after each stress period. No correlations were found between CTG and CTS, while a weak correlation was detected between CTS after the first and second stress. By the composite interval mapping, five QTLs for CTG explaining 5.7%-9.3% of the total phenotypic variance (PVE) and nine for CTS with PVE of 5.8%-35.6% were detected. Only one of these QTLs was common, indicating growth-stage specificity of cold tolerance. Four of the five QTLs after the second cold stress were different from the ones after the first cold stress. Analysis of variance test showed significant interactions between alleles at the QTL sites and the two stress conditions with respect to the mean CTS scores. A possible involvement of cold acclimation and usefulness of japonica germplasms in breeding for cold tolerance in indica rice was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloka Lanka Ranawake
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Mapalana, Sri Lanka
| | - Oliver Escano Manangkil
- Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Division, Philippine Rice Research Institute, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippine
| | - Shinya Yoshida
- Hyogo Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Kasai, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishii
- Department of Bioresource Science, Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoki Mori
- Department of Agrobioscience, Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nakamura
- Department of Agrobioscience, Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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Angeles-Shim RB, Vinarao RB, Marathi B, Jena KK. Molecular analysis of Oryza latifolia Desv. (CCDD genome)-derived introgression lines and identification of value-added traits for rice (O. sativa L.) improvement. J Hered 2014; 105:676-89. [PMID: 24939891 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esu032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oryza latifolia is a tetraploid wild Oryza species with a CCDD genome that has been reported to harbor resistance to bacterial blight (BB), brown planthopper, and whitebacked planthopper. Aside from these traits, O. latifolia is also being tapped as a new source of resistance to lodging and high biomass production. To explore the genetic potential of O. latifolia as a novel genetic resource for the improvement of existing O. sativa cultivars, 27 disomic derivatives of O. latifolia monosomic alien addition lines (MAAL) were characterized for alien chromosome segment introgressions and evaluated for yield components, BB resistance, and strong stem characteristics. A total of 167 simple sequence repeat, sequence tagged site, and single nucleotide polymorphism markers, along with newly developed indel markers that were specifically designed to detect O. latifolia chromosome segment introgressions in an O. sativa background, were used to define alien introgressions in 27 disomics derived from O. latifolia MAALs. Genotype data showed that 32 unique introgressions spanning 0.31-22.73 Mb were introgressed in different combinations in each of the 27 disomic derivatives. Evaluation of the disomic derivatives for agronomic traits identified lines with putative QTLs for resistance to Philippine races 3A, 4, 9A, and 9D of BB. Putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring strong stem in 19 out of the 27 disomic derivatives studied were also identified from O. latifolia introgressions on chromosome 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn B Angeles-Shim
- From the Novel Gene Resources Laboratory, Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (Angeles-Shim, Vinarao, Marathi, and Jena); and the Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan (Angeles-Shim)
| | - Ricky B Vinarao
- From the Novel Gene Resources Laboratory, Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (Angeles-Shim, Vinarao, Marathi, and Jena); and the Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan (Angeles-Shim)
| | - Balram Marathi
- From the Novel Gene Resources Laboratory, Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (Angeles-Shim, Vinarao, Marathi, and Jena); and the Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan (Angeles-Shim)
| | - Kshirod K Jena
- From the Novel Gene Resources Laboratory, Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines (Angeles-Shim, Vinarao, Marathi, and Jena); and the Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan (Angeles-Shim).
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Yıldırım A, Kandemir N, Sönmezoğlu ÖA, Güleç TE. Transferability of Microsatellite Markers Among Cool Season Cereals. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2009.10817657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Zhang W, Dong Y, Yang L, Ma B, Ma R, Huang F, Wang C, Hu H, Li C, Yan C, Chen J. Small brown planthopper resistance loci in wild rice (Oryza officinalis). Mol Genet Genomics 2014; 289:373-82. [PMID: 24504629 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-014-0814-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Host-plant resistance is the most practical and economical approach to control the rice planthoppers. However, up to date, few rice germplasm accessions that are resistant to the all three kinds of planthoppers (1) brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens Stål), (2) the small brown planthopper (SBPH; Laodelphax striatellus Fallen), and (3) the whitebacked planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera Horvath) have been identified; consequently, the genetic basis for host-plant broad spectrum resistance to rice planthoppers in a single variety has been seldom studied. Here, one wild species, Oryza officinalis (Acc. HY018, 2n = 24, CC), was detected showing resistance to the all three kinds of planthoppers. Because resistance to WBPH and BPH in O. officinalis has previously been reported, the study mainly focused on its SBPH resistance. The SBPH resistance gene(s) was (were) introduced into cultivated rice via asymmetric somatic hybridization. Three QTLs for SBPH resistance detected by the SSST method were mapped and confirmed on chromosomes 3, 7, and 12, respectively. The allelic/non-allelic relationship and relative map positions of the three kinds of planthopper resistance genes in O. officinalis show that the SBPH, WBPH, and BPH resistance genes in O. officinalis were governed by multiple genes, but not by any major gene. The data on the genetics of host-plant broad spectrum resistance to planthoppers in a single accession suggested that the most ideally practical and economical approach for rice breeders is to screen the sources of broad spectrum resistance to planthoppers, but not to employ broad spectrum resistance gene for the management of planthoppers. Pyramiding these genes in a variety can be an effective way for the management of planthoppers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China,
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Shen G, Zhan W, Chen H, Xing Y. Dominance and epistasis are the main contributors to heterosis for plant height in rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 215-216:11-8. [PMID: 24388510 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The genetic basis of heterosis has been debated for over 100 years regarding whether dominance or overdominance plays a more important role and the answer is still unclear. The major limitation to assess the contribution of a single locus has been the genetic background noise due to genome-wide segregation of multiple loci. To dissect the genetic basis of heterosis at a single locus for plant height, we developed a set of 202 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) of an elite hybrid, Shanyou 63, the best hybrid rice in China in the 1990s. Fifteen CSSLs had varied plant heights within lines. A total of 15 partial dominance QTLs for plant height were detected in these 15 CSSL-F2 populations. All hybrids between the 15 CSSLs and the recurrent parent, Zhenshan 97, were shorter than the corresponding CSSLs, but taller than Zhenshan 97. These indicated that these 15 QTLs were also heterosis loci (HLs) contributed to heterosis acted in dominance. Each HL contributed from -7.4 to 14.4% of midparent heterosis. Additive by additive (AA) and additive by dominance (AD) interactions were detected in the Tetra-F2 population segregating at the four major QTLs with the largest effects on plant height. Substantial negative AA effects were detected between two major QTLs QPH7.2 and QPH7.3, which increased heterosis in the study. Thus we concluded that dominance and epistasis are the major genetic basis of plant height heterosis, which could explain the better parent heterosis in Shanyou 63.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojing Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wei Zhan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huaxia Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongzhong Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Winter P, Kahl G. Molecular marker technologies for plant improvement. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 11:438-48. [PMID: 24414752 DOI: 10.1007/bf00364619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The exploitation of DNA polymorphisms by an ever-increasing number of molecular marker technologies has begun to have an impact on plant genome research and breeding. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms, micro- and mini-satellites and PCR-based approaches are used to determine inter- and intra-specific genetic diversity and construct molecular maps of crops using specially designed mapping populations. Resistance genes and other agronomically important loci are tagged with tightly linked DNA markers and the genes isolated by magabase DNA technology and cloning into yeast artificial chromosomes (YAC). This review discusses some recent developments and results in this field.
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Miah G, Rafii MY, Ismail MR, Puteh AB, Rahim HA, Islam KN, Latif MA. A review of microsatellite markers and their applications in rice breeding programs to improve blast disease resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:22499-528. [PMID: 24240810 PMCID: PMC3856076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141122499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, the use of molecular markers has played an increasing role in rice breeding and genetics. Of the different types of molecular markers, microsatellites have been utilized most extensively, because they can be readily amplified by PCR and the large amount of allelic variation at each locus. Microsatellites are also known as simple sequence repeats (SSR), and they are typically composed of 1-6 nucleotide repeats. These markers are abundant, distributed throughout the genome and are highly polymorphic compared with other genetic markers, as well as being species-specific and co-dominant. For these reasons, they have become increasingly important genetic markers in rice breeding programs. The evolution of new biotypes of pests and diseases as well as the pressures of climate change pose serious challenges to rice breeders, who would like to increase rice production by introducing resistance to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. Recent advances in rice genomics have now made it possible to identify and map a number of genes through linkage to existing DNA markers. Among the more noteworthy examples of genes that have been tightly linked to molecular markers in rice are those that confer resistance or tolerance to blast. Therefore, in combination with conventional breeding approaches, marker-assisted selection (MAS) can be used to monitor the presence or lack of these genes in breeding populations. For example, marker-assisted backcross breeding has been used to integrate important genes with significant biological effects into a number of commonly grown rice varieties. The use of cost-effective, finely mapped microsatellite markers and MAS strategies should provide opportunities for breeders to develop high-yield, blast resistance rice cultivars. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge concerning the linkage of microsatellite markers to rice blast resistance genes, as well as to explore the use of MAS in rice breeding programs aimed at improving blast resistance in this species. We also discuss the various advantages, disadvantages and uses of microsatellite markers relative to other molecular marker types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gous Miah
- Laboratory of Food Crops, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: (G.M.); (M.R.I.)
| | - Mohd Y. Rafii
- Laboratory of Food Crops, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: (G.M.); (M.R.I.)
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: (A.B.P.); (M.A.L.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +603-8947-1149
| | - Mohd R. Ismail
- Laboratory of Food Crops, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: (G.M.); (M.R.I.)
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: (A.B.P.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Adam B. Puteh
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: (A.B.P.); (M.A.L.)
| | - Harun A. Rahim
- Agrotechnology and Bioscience Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Kh. Nurul Islam
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Mohammad Abdul Latif
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: (A.B.P.); (M.A.L.)
- Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
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Liu T, Liu H, Zhang H, Xing Y. Validation and characterization of Ghd7.1, a major quantitative trait locus with pleiotropic effects on spikelets per panicle, plant height, and heading date in rice (Oryza sativa L.). JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 55:917-27. [PMID: 23692054 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative trait locus (QTL) that affects heading date (HD) and the number of spikelets per panicle (SPP) was previously identified in a small region on chromosome 7 in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In order to further characterize the QTL region, near isogenic lines (NILs) were quickly obtained by self-crossing recombinant inbred line 189, which is heterozygous in the vicinity of the target region. The pleiotropic effects of QTL Ghd7.1 on plant height (PH), SPP, and HD, were validated using an NIL-F2 population. Ghd7.1 explained 50.2%, 45.3%, and 76.9% of phenotypic variation in PH, SPP, and HD, respectively. Ghd7.1 was precisely mapped to a 357-kb region on the basis of analysis of the progeny of the NIL-F2 population. Day-length treatment confirmed that Ghd7.1 is sensitive to photoperiod, with long days delaying heading up to 12.5 d. Identification of panicle initiation and development for the pair of NILs showed that Ghd7.1 elongated the photoperiod-sensitive phase more than 10 d, but did not change the basic vegetative phase and the reproductive growth phase. These findings indicated that Ghd7.1 regulates SPP by controlling the rate of panicle differentiation rather than the duration of panicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touming Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Das B, Sengupta S, Parida SK, Roy B, Ghosh M, Prasad M, Ghose TK. Genetic diversity and population structure of rice landraces from Eastern and North Eastern States of India. BMC Genet 2013; 14:71. [PMID: 23945062 PMCID: PMC3765237 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-14-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptations to different habitats across the globe and consequent genetic variation within rice have resulted in more than 120,000 diverse accessions including landraces, which are vital genetic resources for agronomic and quality traits. In India the rice landraces of the states West Bengal, Assam, Mizoram, Manipur and Nagaland are worthy candidates for genetic assessment. Keeping the above in view, the present study was conducted with the aim to (i) calculate the genetic distances among the accessions of 83 landraces collected from these states along with 8 check accessions (total 91 accessions) using 23 previously mapped SSR markers and (ii) examine the population structure among the accessions using model-based clustering approach. RESULTS Among the 91 accessions, 182 alleles were identified which included 51 rare and 27 null alleles. The average PIC value was 0.7467/marker. The non-aromatic landraces from West Bengal was most diverse with 154 alleles and an average PIC value of 0.8005/marker, followed by the aromatic landraces from West Bengal with 118 alleles and an average PIC value of 0.6524/marker, while the landraces from North East ranked third with 113 alleles and an average PIC value of 0.5745/marker. In the dendrogram distinct clusters consisting of predominantly aromatic landraces and predominantly North East Indian landraces were observed. The non-aromatic landraces from West Bengal were interspersed within these two clusters. The accessions were moderately structured, showing four sub-populations (A-D) with an Fst value of 0.398, 0.364, 0.206 and 0.281, respectively. The assigned clustering of accessions was well in agreement in both distance-based and model-based approaches. CONCLUSIONS Each of the accessions could be identified unequivocally by the SSR profiles. Genetically the non aromatic landraces from West Bengal were most diverse followed by the aromatic landraces from the same state. The North Eastern accessions ranked third. Further, grouping of accessions based on their agronomic traits may serve as a resource for future studies, leading to the improvement of rice. Moreover in-situ preservation of the landraces is also a means of protection of biodiversity and cultural heritage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basabdatta Das
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Main Campus, 93/1 A.P.C. Road, 700009 Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Cidade FW, Vigna BBZ, de Souza FHD, Valls JFM, Dall’Agnol M, Zucchi MI, de Souza-Chies TT, Souza AP. Genetic variation in polyploid forage grass: assessing the molecular genetic variability in the Paspalum genus. BMC Genet 2013; 14:50. [PMID: 23759066 PMCID: PMC3682885 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-14-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paspalum (Poaceae) is an important genus of the tribe Paniceae, which includes several species of economic importance for foraging, turf and ornamental purposes, and has a complex taxonomical classification. Because of the widespread interest in several species of this genus, many accessions have been conserved in germplasm banks and distributed throughout various countries around the world, mainly for the purposes of cultivar development and cytogenetic studies. Correct identification of germplasms and quantification of their variability are necessary for the proper development of conservation and breeding programs. Evaluation of microsatellite markers in different species of Paspalum conserved in a germplasm bank allowed assessment of the genetic differences among them and assisted in their proper botanical classification. RESULTS Seventeen new polymorphic microsatellites were developed for Paspalum atratum Swallen and Paspalum notatum Flüggé, twelve of which were transferred to 35 Paspalum species and used to evaluate their variability. Variable degrees of polymorphism were observed within the species. Based on distance-based methods and a Bayesian clustering approach, the accessions were divided into three main species groups, two of which corresponded to the previously described Plicatula and Notata Paspalum groups. In more accurate analyses of P. notatum accessions, the genetic variation that was evaluated used thirty simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci and revealed seven distinct genetic groups and a correspondence of these groups to the three botanical varieties of the species (P. notatum var. notatum, P. notatum var. saurae and P. notatum var. latiflorum). CONCLUSIONS The molecular genetic approach employed in this study was able to distinguish many of the different taxa examined, except for species that belong to the Plicatula group, which has historically been recognized as a highly complex group. Our molecular genetic approach represents a valuable tool for species identification in the initial assessment of germplasm as well as for characterization, conservation and successful species hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda W Cidade
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6010, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-875, Brazil
| | - Bianca BZ Vigna
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) Southeast Livestock, CP 339, São Carlos, SP CEP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Francisco HD de Souza
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) Southeast Livestock, CP 339, São Carlos, SP CEP 13560-970, Brazil
| | - José Francisco M Valls
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica - PqEB, CP 02372, Brasília, DF CEP 70770-917, Brasil
| | - Miguel Dall’Agnol
- Faculty of Agronomy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 7712 Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Maria I Zucchi
- Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios/APTA, Km 30, CP 28, Pólo Regional Centro Sul, Rodovia SP127, Piracicaba, SP CEP13400-970, Brazil
| | - Tatiana T de Souza-Chies
- Department of Botany, Prédio 43433, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 Agronomia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Anete P Souza
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6010, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-875, Brazil
- Department of Plant Biology, Biology Institute, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109 Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-875, Brazil
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Chen H, He H, Zhou F, Yu H, Deng XW. Development of genomics-based genotyping platforms and their applications in rice breeding. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 16:247-54. [PMID: 23706659 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Breeding by design has been an aspiration of researchers in the plant sciences for a decade. With the rapid development of genomics-based genotyping platforms and available of hundreds of functional genes/alleles in related to important traits, however, it may now be possible to turn this enduring ambition into a practical reality. Rice has a relatively simple genome comparing to other crops, and its genome composition and genetic behavior have been extensively investigated. Recently, rice has been taken as a model crop to perform breeding by design. The essential process of breeding by design is to integrate functional genes/alleles in an ideal genetic background, which requires high throughput genotyping platforms to screen for expected genotypes. With large amount of genome resequencing data and high-throughput genotyping technologies available, quite a number of genomics-based genotyping platforms have been developed. These platforms are widely used in genetic mapping, integration of target traits via marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC), pyramiding, recurrent selection (MARS) or genomic selection (GS). Here, we summarize and discuss recent exciting development of rice genomics-based genotyping platforms and their applications in molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Chen
- Peking-Yale Joint Center of Plant Molecular Genetics and Agrobiotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Liu T, Zhu S, Fu L, Tang Q, Yu Y, Chen P, Luan M, Wang C, Tang S. Development and characterization of 1,827 expressed sequence tag-derived simple sequence repeat markers for ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud). PLoS One 2013; 8:e60346. [PMID: 23565230 PMCID: PMC3614921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) is one of the most important natural fiber crops, and improvement of fiber yield and quality is the main goal in efforts to breed superior cultivars. However, efforts aimed at enhancing the understanding of ramie genetics and developing more effective breeding strategies have been hampered by the shortage of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In our previous study, we had assembled de novo 43,990 expressed sequence tags (ESTs). In the present study, we searched these previously assembled ESTs for SSRs and identified 1,685 ESTs (3.83%) containing 1,878 SSRs. Next, we designed 1,827 primer pairs complementary to regions flanking these SSRs, and these regions were designated as SSR markers. Among these markers, dinucleotide and trinucleotide repeat motifs were the most abundant types (36.4% and 36.3%, respectively), whereas tetranucleotide, pentanucleotide, and hexanucleotide motifs represented <10% of the markers. The motif AG/CT was the most abundant, accounting for 28.74% of the markers. One hundred EST-SSR markers (97 SSRs located in genes encoding transcription factors and 3 SSRs in genes encoding cellulose synthases) were amplified using polymerase chain reaction for detecting 24 ramie varieties. Of these 100 markers, 98 markers were successfully amplified and 81 markers were polymorphic, with 2–6 alleles among the 24 varieties. Analysis of the genetic diversity of all 24 varieties revealed similarity coefficients that ranged from 0.51 to 0.80. The EST-SSRs developed in this study represent the first large-scale development of SSR markers for ramie. These SSR markers could be used for development of genetic and physical maps, quantitative trait loci mapping, genetic diversity studies, association mapping, and cultivar fingerprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touming Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Lili Fu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yongting Yu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Mingbao Luan
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Changbiao Wang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shouwei Tang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
- * E-mail:
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Das M, Banerjee S, Dhariwal R, Vyas S, Mir RR, Topdar N, Kundu A, Khurana JP, Tyagi AK, Sarkar D, Sinha MK, Balyan HS, Gupta PK. Development of SSR markers and construction of a linkage map in jute. J Genet 2012; 91:21-31. [PMID: 22546823 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-012-0151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Jute is an important natural fibre crop, which is only second to cotton in its importance at the global level. It is mostly grown in Indian subcontinent and has been recently used for the development of genomics resources.We recently initiated a programme to develop simple sequence repeat markers and reported a set of 2469 SSR that were developed using four SSR-enriched libraries (Mir et al. 2009). In this communication, we report an additional set of 607 novel SSR in 393 SSR containing sequences. However, primers could be designed for only 417 potentially useful SSR. Polymorphism survey was carried out for 374 primer pairs using two parental genotypes (JRO 524 and PPO4) of a mapping population developed for fibre fineness; only 66 SSR were polymorphic. Owing to a low level of polymorphism between the parental genotypes and a high degree of segregation distortion in recombinant inbred lines, genotypic data of only 53 polymorphic SSR on the mapping population consisting of 120 RIL could be used for the construction of a linkage map; 36 SSR loci were mapped on six linkage groups that covered a total genetic distance of 784.3 cM. Hopefully, this map will be enriched with more SSR loci in future and will prove useful for identification of quantitative trait loci/genes for molecular breeding involving improvement of fibre fineness and other related traits in jute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Das
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut 250 004, India
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Marathi B, Guleria S, Mohapatra T, Parsad R, Mariappan N, Kurungara VK, Atwal SS, Prabhu KV, Singh NK, Singh AK. QTL analysis of novel genomic regions associated with yield and yield related traits in new plant type based recombinant inbred lines of rice (Oryza sativa L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:137. [PMID: 22876968 PMCID: PMC3438134 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice is staple food for more than half of the world's population including two billion Asians, who obtain 60-70% of their energy intake from rice and its derivatives. To meet the growing demand from human population, rice varieties with higher yield potential and greater yield stability need to be developed. The favourable alleles for yield and yield contributing traits are distributed among two subspecies i.e., indica and japonica of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.). Identification of novel favourable alleles in indica/japonica will pave way to marker-assisted mobilization of these alleles in to a genetic background to break genetic barriers to yield. RESULTS A new plant type (NPT) based mapping population of 310 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was used to map novel genomic regions and QTL hotspots influencing yield and eleven yield component traits. We identified major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for days to 50% flowering (R2 = 25%, LOD = 14.3), panicles per plant (R2 = 19%, LOD = 9.74), flag leaf length (R2 = 22%, LOD = 3.05), flag leaf width (R2 = 53%, LOD = 46.5), spikelets per panicle (R2 = 16%, LOD = 13.8), filled grains per panicle (R2 = 22%, LOD = 15.3), percent spikelet sterility (R2 = 18%, LOD = 14.24), thousand grain weight (R2 = 25%, LOD = 12.9) and spikelet setting density (R2 = 23%, LOD = 15) expressing over two or more locations by using composite interval mapping. The phenotypic variation (R2) ranged from 8 to 53% for eleven QTLs expressing across all three locations. 19 novel QTLs were contributed by the NPT parent, Pusa1266. 15 QTL hotpots on eight chromosomes were identified for the correlated traits. Six epistatic QTLs effecting five traits at two locations were identified. A marker interval (RM3276-RM5709) on chromosome 4 harboring major QTLs for four traits was identified. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals that favourable alleles for yield and yield contributing traits were distributed among two subspecies of rice and QTLs were co-localized in different genomic regions. QTL hotspots will be useful for understanding the common genetic control mechanism of the co-localized traits and selection for beneficial allele at these loci will result in a cumulative increase in yield due to the integrative positive effect of various QTLs. The information generated in the present study will be useful to fine map and to identify the genes underlying major robust QTLs and to transfer all favourable QTLs to one genetic background to break genetic barriers to yield for sustained food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balram Marathi
- International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Smriti Guleria
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Rajender Parsad
- Indian Agricultural Statistical Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Nagarajan Mariappan
- Regional Station, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Aduthurai, 612101, India
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Wang Y, Wang D, Deng X, Liu J, Sun P, Liu Y, Huang H, Jiang N, Kang H, Ning Y, Wang Z, Xiao Y, Liu X, Liu E, Dai L, Wang GL. Molecular mapping of the blast resistance genes Pi2-1 and Pi51(t) in the durably resistant rice 'Tianjingyeshengdao'. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2012; 102:779-86. [PMID: 22779744 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-03-12-0042-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tianjingyeshengdao' (TY) is a rice cultivar with durable resistance to populations of Magnaporthe oryzae (the causal agent of blast) in China. To understand the genetic basis of its resistance to blast, we developed a population of recombinant inbred lines from a cross between TY and the highly susceptible 'CO39' for gene mapping analysis. In total, 22 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling rice blast resistance were identified on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, and 12 from the evaluation of four disease parameters in both greenhouse and blast nursery conditions. Among these QTLs, 19 were contributed by TY and three by CO39. Two QTL clusters on chromosome 6 and 12 were named Pi2-1 and Pi51(t), respectively. Pi2-1 was detected under both growth chamber and natural blast nursery conditions, and explained 31.24 to 59.73% of the phenotypic variation. Pi51(t) was only detected in the natural blast nursery and explained 3.67 to 10.37% of the phenotypic variation. Our results demonstrate that the durable resistance in TY is controlled by two major and seven minor genes. Identification of the markers linked to both Pi2-1 and Pi51(t) in this study should be useful for marker-aided selection in rice breeding programs as well as for molecular cloning of the identified resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization and College of Agronomy, Hunan Agriculture University, Cahngsha, China
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Elaeis oleifera genomic-SSR markers: exploitation in oil palm germplasm diversity and cross-amplification in arecaceae. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:4069-4088. [PMID: 22605966 PMCID: PMC3344202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13044069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Species-specific simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are favored for genetic studies and marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding for oil palm genetic improvement. This report characterizes 20 SSR markers from an Elaeis oleifera genomic library (gSSR). Characterization of the repeat type in 2000 sequences revealed a high percentage of di-nucleotides (63.6%), followed by tri-nucleotides (24.2%). Primer pairs were successfully designed for 394 of the E. oleifera gSSRs. Subsequent analysis showed the ability of the 20 selected E. oleifera gSSR markers to reveal genetic diversity in the genus Elaeis. The average Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value for the SSRs was 0.402, with the tri-repeats showing the highest average PIC (0.626). Low values of observed heterozygosity (Ho) (0.164) and highly positive fixation indices (Fis) in the E. oleifera germplasm collection, compared to the E. guineensis, indicated an excess of homozygosity in E. oleifera. The transferability of the markers to closely related palms, Elaeis guineensis, Cocos nucifera and ornamental palms is also reported. Sequencing the amplicons of three selected E. oleifera gSSRs across both species and palm taxa revealed variations in the repeat-units. The study showed the potential of E. oleifera gSSR markers to reveal genetic diversity in the genus Elaeis. The markers are also a valuable genetic resource for studying E. oleifera and other genus in the Arecaceae family.
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Chen XD, Sun DF, Rong DF, Peng JH, Li CD. A recessive gene controlling male sterility sensitive to short daylength/low temperature in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2012; 12:943-50. [PMID: 22042660 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1000371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Utilization of a two-line breeding system via photoperiod-thermo sensitive male sterility has a great potential for hybrid production in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). 337S is a novel wheat male sterile line sensitive to both short daylength/low temperature and long daylength/high temperature. Five F(2) populations derived from the crosses between 337S and five common wheat varieties were developed for genetic analysis. All F(1)'s were highly fertile while segregation occurred in the F(2) populations with a ratio of 3 fertile:1 sterile under short daylength/low temperature. It is shown that male sterility in 337S was controlled by a single recessive gene, temporarily designated as wptms3. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) coupled with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was applied to map the sterile gene using one mapping population. The wptms3 gene was mapped to chromosome arm 1BS and flanked by Xgwm413 and Xgwm182 at a genetic distance of 3.2 and 23.5 cM, respectively. The accuracy and efficiency of marker-assisted selection were evaluated and proved essential for identifying homozygous recessive male sterile genotypes of the wptms3 gene in F(2) generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-dong Chen
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Palliyarakkal MK, Ramaswamy M, Vadivel A. Microsatellites in palm (Arecaceae) sequences. Bioinformation 2011; 7:347-51. [PMID: 22355235 PMCID: PMC3280489 DOI: 10.6026/97320630007347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsatellites are the most promising co-dominant markers, widely distributed throughout the genome. Identification of these repeating genomic subsets is a tedious and iterative process making computational approaches highly useful for solving this biological problem. Here 38,083 microsatellites were localized in palm sequences. A total of 2, 97,023 sequences retrieved from public domains were used for this study. The sequences were unstained using the tool Seqclean and consequently clustered using CAP3. SSRs are located in the sequences using the microsatellite search tool, MISA. Repeats were detected in 33,309 sequences and more than one SSR had appeared in 3,943 sequences. In the present study, dinucleotide repeats (49%) were found to be more abundant followed by mononucleotide (30%) and trinucleotide (19%). Also among the dinucleotides, AG/GA/TC/CT motifs (55.8%) are predominantly repeating within the palm sequences. Thus in future this study will lead to the development of specific algorithm for mining SSRs exclusively for palms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Kalathil Palliyarakkal
- Senior Research Fellow, DIT- Agribioinformatics Promotion centre, Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, P. O. Kudlu,Kasaragod-671124, Kerala, India
| | - Manimekalai Ramaswamy
- Senior Scientist, Molecular biology and Biotechnology, Crop Improvement Division, Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, P. O. Kudlu, Kasaragod-671124, Kerala, India
| | - Arunachalam Vadivel
- Principal Scientist, Horticulture Section, ICAR Research Complex for Goa, Old Goa 403 402, India
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Kovi MR, Zhang Y, Yu S, Yang G, Yan W, Xing Y. Candidacy of a chitin-inducible gibberellin-responsive gene for a major locus affecting plant height in rice that is closely linked to Green Revolution gene sd1. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2011; 123:705-14. [PMID: 21637999 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Appropriate plant height is crucial for lodging resistance to improve the rice crop yield. The application of semi-dwarf 1 led to the green revolution in the 1960s, by predominantly increasing the rice yield. However, the frequent use of single sd1 gene sources may cause genetic vulnerability to pests and diseases. Identifying useful novel semi-dwarf genes is important for the genetic manipulation of plant architecture in practical rice breeding. In this study, introgression lines derived from two parents contrasting in plant height, Zhenshan 97 and Pokkali were employed to locate a gene with a large effect on plant height by the bulk segregant analysis method. A major gene, ph1, was mapped to a region closely linked to sd1 on chromosome 1; the additive effects of ph1 were more than 50 cm on the plant height and 2 days on the heading date in a BC(4)F(2) population and its progeny. ph1 was then fine mapped to BAC AP003227. Gene annotation indicated that LOC_OS01g65990 encoding a chitin-inducible gibberellin-responsive protein (CIGR), which belongs to the GRAS family, might be the right candidate gene of ph1. Co-segregation analysis of the candidate gene-derived marker finally confirmed its identity as the candidate gene. A higher expression level of the CIGR was detected in all the tested tissues in tall plants compared to those of short plants, especially in the young leaf sheath containing elongating tissues, which indicated its importance role in regulating plant height. ph1 showed a tremendous genetic effect on plant height, which is distinct from sd1 and could be a new resource for breeding semi-dwarf varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Rao Kovi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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