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Zargaran D, Zoller F, Zargaran A, Weyrich T, Mosahebi A. Facial Skin Aging: key concepts and overview of processes. Int J Cosmet Sci 2022; 44:414-420. [PMID: 35426152 PMCID: PMC9543134 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The face is a cosmetically sensitive region where the process of ageing is most clearly manifested. With increased focus on anti‐ageing and longevity, more anti‐senescent treatments are being proposed despite limited evidence. This study outlines the pathways and mechanisms underpinning the biological process of ageing in the face. Methods Comprehensive searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and CINAHL from inception to 2020. Inclusion criteria included all empirical human research studies specific to facial ageing features, written in the English language. Results A total of 65 papers met inclusion criteria for analysis. Pathways were subdivided into intrinsic and extrinsic senescence mechanisms. Intrinsic pathways included genetics, generation of reactive oxygen species and hormonal changes. Extrinsic pathways included photoageing and damage to skin layers. The combined intrinsic and extrinsic pathway alterations result in wrinkles, higher laxity, slackness and thinning of the skin. Skin functions such as barrier immune function, wound healing, thermoregulation and sensory function are also impaired. Conclusion The ageing process is unique to the individual and depends on the interplay between an individual's genetics and external environmental factors. Through understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms, an appreciation of the consequent structural and functional changes can be achieved. Based on this knowledge, further research can focus on how to slow or impede the ageing process and identify specific targets to develop and evolve new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Zargaran
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital University College London London UK
| | - Florence Zoller
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital University College London London UK
| | - Alexander Zargaran
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital University College London London UK
| | - Tim Weyrich
- Department of Computer Science University College London London UK
- Friedrich‐Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen‐ Nürnberg Germany
| | - Afshin Mosahebi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital University College London London UK
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2
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Wu Q, Bai P, Guo H, Guo MSS, Xia Y, Xia Y, Gao X, Wang X, Wu J, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Capsaicin, a Phytochemical From Chili Pepper, Alleviates the Ultraviolet Irradiation-Induced Decline of Collagen in Dermal Fibroblast via Blocking the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:872912. [PMID: 35370728 PMCID: PMC8967157 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.872912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin, a major ingredient in chili pepper, has broad pharmaceutical applications, including relieving pain, anti-inflammation, and treating psoriasis. In dermatological biology, capsaicin has been shown to prevent the ultraviolet (UV)-induced melanogenesis via TRPV1 receptor. To strengthen the roles of capsaicin in skin function, the damaged skin, triggered by exposure to UV, was reversed by capsaicin in both in vitro and in vivo models. In cultured dermal fibroblasts, the exposure to UV induced a decrease of collagen synthesis and increases expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and phosphorylation of Erk and c-Jun, and these events subsequently led to skin damage. However, the UV-mediated damages could be reversed by pre-treatment with capsaicin in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of capsaicin in blocking the UV-mediated collagen synthesis was mediated by reducing generation of ROS in dermal fibroblasts, instead of the receptor for capsaicin. Hence, capsaicin has high potential value in applying as an agent for anti-skin aging in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Wu
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Panzhu Bai
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongsheng Guo
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Maggie S S Guo
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yingjie Xia
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiteng Xia
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiong Gao
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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Oh JH, Nam GB, Karadeniz F, Kong CS, Ko J. Evaluation and enzyme-aided enhancement of anti-photoaging properties of Camellia japonica in UVA-irradiated keratinocytes. Z NATURFORSCH C 2022; 77:287-296. [PMID: 35072988 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main reason behind extrinsic skin aging. Changes due to chronic UV exposure are called photoaging. Natural products are effective ingredients against UV-mediated skin damage. Present study investigated the anti-photoaging properties of Camellia japonica flowers which possess various bioactivities. To enrich the extracts of C. japonica flowers, pectinase and beta-glucosidase treatment was employed. Anti-photoaging effect was screened using the changes in MMP-1 and collagen levels in UVA-irradiated human HaCaT keratinocytes. The crude extract of C. japonica flowers (CE) was shown to decrease the UVA-induced MMP-1 secretion while attenuating the collagen levels. Pectinase and beta-glucosidase treated CE (ECE) showed increased anti-photoaging effects against UVA-induced changes in MMP-1 and collagen production. Camellenodiol (CMD), a known triterpenoid from C. japonica, isolated as the active ingredient of ECE and its anti-photoaging effect was screened. Results showed that CMD ameliorated the UVA-induced deterioration in collagen levels by suppressing MMP-1 production in transcriptional level. CMD treatment downregulated the phosphorylation of p38, ERK, and JNK MAPKs along their downstream effectors, c-Fos, and c-Jun. In conclusion, enzyme-assisted extraction of C. japonica flowers was suggested to enhance the anti-photoaging properties suggestively through high bioactive content such as CMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Oh
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea
| | - Gi Baeg Nam
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation Center, Yongin 17074, Korea
| | - Fatih Karadeniz
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea
| | - Chang-Suk Kong
- Marine Biotechnology Center for Pharmaceuticals and Foods, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea.,Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Ko
- AMOREPACIFIC Research and Innovation Center, Yongin 17074, Korea
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Antiphotoaging Effects of 3,5-Dicaffeoyl-epi-quinic Acid via Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases in UVB-Irradiated Human Keratinocytes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8949272. [PMID: 32419832 PMCID: PMC7206873 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8949272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
UVB exposure is one of the causes of several skin complications including but not limited to premature aging, wrinkle formation, and hyperpigmentation. UV-induced skin aging is called photoaging, and oxidative stress-induced overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is the main reason behind the photoaging-mediated collagen degradation. Natural origin inhibitors of MMPs are regarded as a promising approach to prevent or treat photoaging. Therefore, the present study investigated the protective effects of 3,5-dicaffeoyl-epi-quinic acid (DCEQA) in human HaCaT keratinocytes against UVB irradiation-related dysregulation of MMPs. Changes in the mRNA and protein expression and release of MMP-1, -2, and -9 were observed after UVB irradiation with or without DCEQA treatment. In addition, the effect of DCEQA on the activation of p38, JNK, and ERK MAPKs was analyzed. Treatment of UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells with 10 μM DCEQA significantly suppressed the overexpression of both mRNA and protein of MMP-1, -2, and -9 while slightly increasing the diminished type I procollagen production. UVB-induced activation of MAPKs was also ameliorated by DCEQA treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Results indicated that DCEQA treatment was able to protect keratinocytes from UVB-induced photoaging by inhibiting the stimulated production of MMPs and the related decrease in collagen production. It was suggested that DCEQA downregulated the collagen degradation via inhibition of MAPK activation, which resulted in decreased MMP activity.
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Agarwal NR, Dowlatshahi Pour M, Vandikas MS, Neittaanmäki N, Osmancevic A, Malmberg P. Investigation of psoriasis skin tissue by label-free multi-modal imaging: a case study on a phototherapy-treated patient. PSORIASIS-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2019; 9:43-57. [PMID: 31410348 PMCID: PMC6646857 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s200366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by epidermal proliferation in the skin. Altered lipid metabolism is considered to be a central factor in the psoriatic etiopathogenesis. Thus, it is necessary to visualize chemical specificity of the samples for better medical diagnosis and treatment. Here, we investigate its role in the development of psoriatic lesions, before and after ultraviolet phototherapy, in a case study. Methods: The distribution and morphology of different lipids and fibrous proteins in psoriatic (lesional) tissues were visualized by two complementary label-free imaging techniques: 1) non-linear microscopy (NLM), providing images of lipids/proteins throughout the skin layers at submicrometer resolution; and 2) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), offering high chemical specificity and hence the detection of different lipid species in the epidermal and dermal regions. A conventional method of histological evaluation was performed on the tissues, with no direct comparison with NLM and MSI. Results: Psoriatic tissues had a higher lipid content, mainly in cholesterol, in both the epidermal and dermal regions, compared to healthy tissues. Moreover, the collagen and elastin fibers in the psoriatic tissues had a tendency to assemble as larger bundles, while healthy tissues showed smaller fibers more homogeneously spread. Although phototherapy significantly reduced the cholesterol content, it also increased the amounts of collagen in both lesional and non-lesional tissues. Conclusion: This study introduces NLM and MSI as two complementary techniques which are chemical specific and can be used to assess and visualize the distribution of lipids, collagen, and elastin in a non-invasive and label-free manner. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/aBRGXZCJIMQ
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Rani Agarwal
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Masoumeh Dowlatshahi Pour
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Siekkeri Vandikas
- Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Noora Neittaanmäki
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Institutes of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amra Osmancevic
- Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Malmberg
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Zhang S, Duan E. Fighting against Skin Aging: The Way from Bench to Bedside. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:729-738. [PMID: 29692196 PMCID: PMC6047276 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717725755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most voluminous organ of the body that is exposed to the outer environment, the skin suffers from both intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors. Skin aging is characterized by features such as wrinkling, loss of elasticity, laxity, and rough-textured appearance. This aging process is accompanied with phenotypic changes in cutaneous cells as well as structural and functional changes in extracellular matrix components such as collagens and elastin. In this review, we summarize these changes in skin aging, research advances of the molecular mechanisms leading to these changes, and the treatment strategies aimed at preventing or reversing skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoubing Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Central laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Enkui Duan
- State Key Lab of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Wu GX, Huang HH, Chang HR, Kuo SM. Evaluation of the UVB-screening capacity and restorative effects exerted by farnesol gel on UVB-caused sunburn. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:488-507. [PMID: 29380558 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Farnesol, a natural 15-carbon organic compound, has various microbiological and cellular activities. It has been found to exert apoptosis-inducing effects against carcinoma cells as well as antiallergic and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. In the current study, a series of formulations composed of various concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) with the addition of hyaluronan (HA) and xanthan gum (XG) was designed to evaluate the UVB-screening and H2 O2 -eliminating effects of farnesol in normal fibroblasts. Farnesol at 0.005, 0.0075, and 0.01% exhibited significant capacity for H2 O2 scavenging; at 0.0025%, it showed insignificant effects. Under 120-min UVB exposure, screening with plural gel composed of 0.0025% farnesol, 0.5% HA, and 0.5% XG containing 1.5% or 2% HPMC retained normal fibroblast viability. After 60-min exposure to UVB, screening with plural gel composed of farnesol, HA, XG, and 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, or 2% HPMC decreased the ratio of the G1 phase and increased ratio of the S phase in comparison with the accumulated cell cycle of the normal fibroblasts without screening. The gel with 2% HPMC displayed the strongest cell cycle-reversal ability. In vivo histopathological results showed that the prepared plural gels with 0.5% or 2% HPMC and farnesol, HA, and XG had greater antiphotoaging and reparative effects against UVB-induced changes and damage in the skin. In conclusion, the current in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that the prepared plural composed of 0.0025% farnesol, 0.5% HA, 0.5% XG, and 2% HPMC possessed the greatest UVB-screening capacity and the strongest restorative effects on UVB-induced sunburned skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Xuan Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Han Hsiang Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Huoy Rou Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Shyh Ming Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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8
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate feasibility and repeatability of measures for ocular sun exposure and conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (UVAF), and to test for relationships between the outcomes. METHODS Fifty volunteers were seen for two visits 14 ± 2 days apart. Ocular sun exposure was estimated over a 2-week time period using questionnaires that quantified time outdoors and ocular protection habits. Conjunctival UVAF was imaged using a Nikon D7000 camera system equipped with appropriate flash and filter system; image analysis was done using ImageJ software. Repeatability estimates were made using Bland-Altman plots with mean differences and 95% limits of agreement calculated. Non-normally distributed data was transformed by either log10 or square root methods. Linear regression was conducted to evaluate relationships between measures. RESULTS Mean (±SD) values for ocular sun exposure and conjunctival UVAF were 8.86 (±11.97) hours and 9.15 (±9.47) mm, respectively. Repeatability was found to be acceptable for both ocular sun exposure and conjunctival UVAF. Univariate linear regression showed outdoor occupation to be a predictor of higher ocular sun exposure; outdoor occupation and winter season of collection both predicted higher total UVAF. Furthermore, increased portion of day spent outdoors while working was associated with increased total conjunctival UVAF. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate feasibility and repeatability of estimating ocular sun exposure using a previously unreported method and for conjunctival UVAF in a group of subjects residing in Ohio. Seasonal temperature variation may have influenced time outdoors and ultimately calculation of ocular sun exposure. As winter season of collection and outdoor occupation both predicted higher total UVAF, our data suggests that ocular sun exposure is associated with conjunctival UVAF and, possibly, that UVAF remains for at least several months after sun exposure.
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Nakyai W, Saraphanchotiwitthaya A, Viennet C, Humbert P, Viyoch J. An In Vitro
Model for Fibroblast Photoaging Comparing Single and Repeated UVA Irradiations. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:1462-1471. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wongnapa Nakyai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry; Naresuan University; Phitsanulok Thailand
| | - Aurasorn Saraphanchotiwitthaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry; Naresuan University; Phitsanulok Thailand
| | - Céline Viennet
- Engineering and Cutaneous Biology Laboratory; INSERM UMR 1098; University of Franche-Comte; Besancon France
| | - Philippe Humbert
- Engineering and Cutaneous Biology Laboratory; INSERM UMR 1098; University of Franche-Comte; Besancon France
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital; Besancon France
| | - Jarupa Viyoch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry; Naresuan University; Phitsanulok Thailand
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Matsuura-Hachiya Y, Nakai Y, Abe K, Nishiyama T, Arai KY. Recovery of extracellular matrix components by enalapril maleate during the repair process of ultraviolet B-induced wrinkles in mouse skin. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 4:180-186. [PMID: 29124203 PMCID: PMC5668924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin–angiotensin system is known to be involved in skin remodeling and inflammation. Previously, we reported that ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation enhanced angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) expression and angiotensin II levels in hairless mouse skin, and an ACE inhibitor, enalapril maleate (EM), accelerated repair of UVB-induced wrinkles. In this study, we analyzed gene expression profiles by DNA microarray and protein distribution patterns using an immunofluorescence method to clarify the process of EM-accelerated wrinkle repair in UVB-irradiated hairless mouse skin. In the microarray analysis, we detected EM-induced up-regulation of various extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes in the UVB-irradiated skin. In the immunofluorescence, we confirmed that type I collagen α1 chain, fibrillin 1, elastin and dystroglycan 1 in the skin decreased after repeated UVB irradiation but staining for these proteins was improved by EM treatment. In addition, ADAMTS2 and MMP-14 also increased in the EM-treated skin. Although the relationship between these molecules and wrinkle formation is not clear yet, our present data suggest that the molecules are involved in the repair of UVB-induced wrinkles. Effects of an ACE inhibitor enalapril maleate (EM) on skin were examined. Extracellular matrix (ECM) expression decreased in UVB-irradiated mouse skin. EM up-regulated ECM gene expression in the UVB-irradiated skin. EM accelerated recovery of ECM protein localization in the UVB-irradiated skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Matsuura-Hachiya
- Scleroprotein Research Institute, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakai
- Institute for Food Sciences, Hirosaki University, 2-1-1 Yanagawa, Aomori, 038-0012, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
- Project on Health and Anti-aging, Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Center (LiSE) 4 FC-4, 3-25-13 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Toshio Nishiyama
- Scleroprotein Research Institute, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Koji Y. Arai
- Scleroprotein Research Institute, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
- Corresponding author. Fax: +81 42 367 5791.
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11
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Lee YK, Cha HJ, Hong M, Yoon Y, Lee H, An S. Role of NF-κB–p53 crosstalk in ultraviolet A-induced cell death and G1 arrest in human dermal fibroblasts. Arch Dermatol Res 2011; 304:73-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-011-1176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Menter JM, Chu EG, Martin NV. Temperature dependence of photochemical fluorescence fading in Skh-1 hairless mouse collagen. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2009; 25:128-31. [PMID: 19438990 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2009.00421.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type I mammalian collagens have several photolabile fluorescent moieties that absorb UV rays capable of reaching the dermis. We studied the temperature dependence of fluorescence fading as a marker of photochemical damage. METHODS Collagen solutions were exposed to radiation from 0 to 240 min from either a UVG-11 hand lamp, total dose=1.173 x 10(3) J/m(2); a UVL-21 hand lamp total dose=2.030 x 10(3) J/m(2); or the fluorometer, at 325+/-5 nm, total dose=0.156 x 10(3) J/m(2). We recorded intensities at excitation/emission wavelengths 270/300, 270/330, 270/360, 270/400, 325/400, and 370/450 nm at T=9.0-59.3 degrees C. RESULTS Results indicated simultaneous forward and reverse reactions. However, the 270/360 nm fluorophore could be analyzed as a second-order reaction. The Arrhenius curve showed two straight lines intersecting near the denaturation temperature, with helix activation energy E(a) approximately 0 and coil E(a)=7.6+/-0.6 kcal/mol (31.7+/-2.5 kJ/mol). DISCUSSION Collagen-bound fluorophores are not just passive markers of oxidative stress and age-related damage. Their photolability to wavelengths reaching the dermis may result in pathological conditions, particularly at elevated body temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Menter
- Department of Microbiology/Biochemistry/Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310-1495, USA.
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Mitani H, Ryu A, Suzuki T, Yamashita M, Arakane K, Koide C. Topical application of plant extracts containing xanthine derivatives can prevent UV-induced wrinkle formation in hairless mice. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2007; 23:86-94. [PMID: 17523930 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2007.00283.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants are the source of important products with nutritional and therapeutic value. Topical or oral administration of some plant extracts has been shown to reduce photodamage. Cacao bean and cola nut are popular edible plants that contain polyphenols and xanthine derivatives. These plant extracts possess protective effects against UV-induced erythema when taken orally, and an H(2)O(2)-scavenging effect. METHODS Plant extracts containing xanthine derivatives and three xanthine derivatives were topically applied to the dorsal skin of hairless mice, and the mice were exposed to a resemblance of solar ultraviolet irradiation at a dose of 13.0 J/cm(2) (UVA) for 15 weeks, five times a week on weekdays. After the final irradiation, histological, and analytical studies were performed. RESULTS Topical application of plant extracts (cacao beans, cola nuts) and caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline markedly prevented photodamage including wrinkle formation and histological alterations. A significant increase in total hydroxyproline content caused by UV irradiation was observed. In contrast, topical application of plant extracts and xanthine derivatives reduced total hydroxyproline and pepsin-resistant hydroxyproline content in comparison with that of the control (vehicle, UV-irradiation group). Moreover, naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase staining and diaminobenzidine staining suggested that leukocytes including neutrophils increased in the UV-exposed skin. In contrast, weak staining was observed in skin treated with xanthine derivatives. CONCLUSION Topical application of plant extracts and xanthine derivatives suppressed wrinkle formation, dermal connective alteration, and collagen accumulation. It is suggested that xanthine derivatives prevented neutrophil infiltration caused by UV-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Mitani
- Research & Development Division, Kose Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
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Grether-Beck S, Wlaschek M, Krutmann J, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. Photoschadigung und Photoalterung - Pravention und Behandlung. Photodamage and photoaging - prevention and treatment. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2005; 3 Suppl 2:S19-25. [PMID: 16117739 DOI: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2005.04394.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The exposure of human skin to environmental and artificial ultraviolet irradiation has increased significantly. This is not only due to an increased solar UV irradiation as a consequence of the stratospheric ozone depletion, but also the result of an inappropriate social behaviour with the use of tanning parlors being very popular. Besides this, leisure activities and living style with travelling to equatorial regions also add to the individual annual UV load. Since the population in industrialised countries shows an increasing total life span, in parallel the cumulative life time dose of solar and artificial UV-irradiation is dramatically augmented. In addition to the common longterm detrimental effects like immunosuppression and skin cancer, the photooxidative damage due to energy absorption of UV photons in an oxygenized environment leads to alterations of cells, subcellular compartments and macromolecules. The clinical manifestations of UV/ROS induced disturbances result in photoaged skin with wrinkle formation, laxity, leathery appearance as well as fragility, impaired wound healing and higher vulnerability. Strategies to prevent or to minimize photoaging and intrinsic aging of the skin necessarily include protection against UV irradiation and antioxidant homoeostasis. New developments of therapeutic interventions including DNA repair enzymes will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Grether-Beck
- Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität gGmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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NOMURA Y, TANIGUCHI M, MIYATA M, ARIYASU T, YAMAUCHI H, IKEDA M, KURIMOTO M. Interferon-gamma liniment protects hairless mice against ultraviolet irradiation-induced skin damage. Biomed Res 2004. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.25.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Menter JM, Cornelison LM, Cannick L, Patta AM, Dowdy JC, Sayre RM, Abukhalaf IK, Silvestrov NS, Willis I. Effect of UV on the susceptibility of acid-soluble Skh-1 hairless mouse collagen to collagenase. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2003; 19:28-34. [PMID: 12713552 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0781.2003.00004.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Photoaging of the skin is a result of chronic exposure to environmental ultraviolet radiation (UV). The milieu provided by the extracellular matrix, which significantly influences the behaviour of resident fibroblasts, depends critically on the supermolecular collagen structure. We ask whether direct photochemical treatment of type I collagen with solar wavelengths capable of reaching the dermis can modify the substrate's susceptibility to collagenase in a model in vitro system. METHODS Acid- extracted Skh-1 hairless mouse collagen samples were irradiated with 0-140 J/cm2 of radiation from bank of filtered FS lamp (UVB/UVA = 0.33, fluence rate = 0.81 mW/cm2). Subsequent to UV irradiation, collagen samples were coupled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and assayed for susceptibility to bacterial collagenase by monitoring the appearance of supernatant FITC fluorescence (a measure of lysed collagen) over time of incubation. As a 'reference', unirradiated commercial FITC-labelled citrate-soluble collagen (Elastin Products, Owensville, MO 65066, USA) was similarly analysed. RESULTS Unirradiated mouse collagen had a lower rate of cleavage than did the calfskin sample. Irradiation of unlabelled mouse collagen for 0-48 h (0-140 J/cm2 total UV) rendered the sample more soluble, with concomitant chain degradation, cross-linking and loss of intrinsic collagen fluorescence. At irradiation time's >/= 4 h (>/=11.7 J/cm2), the irradiated collagen was significantly more susceptible to bacterial collagenase digestion. DISCUSSION It appears that the rate of cleavage depends on the superstructure of the collagen, since the kinetics of collagen cleavage differ for two collagen samples having essentially the same primary structure. Cleavage kinetics may depend on the 'maturity' (solubility) of the collagen. The observation that UV-damaged mouse collagen is a better substrate for collagenase than the intact sample may be illustrative of a mechanism whereby damaged collagen targets itself for selective attack by collagenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Menter
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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17
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Cavarra E, Fimiani M, Lungarella G, Andreassi L, de Santi M, Mazzatenta C, Ciccoli L. UVA light stimulates the production of cathepsin G and elastase-like enzymes by dermal fibroblasts: a possible contribution to the remodeling of elastotic areas in sun-damaged skin. Biol Chem 2002; 383:199-206. [PMID: 11928814 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2002.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Solar elastosis is characterized by accumulation of large amounts of material staining similarly to elastin in the dermis. The nature of this material and the process responsible for its accumulation are still unknown. Elastolytic proteases have important functions in the catabolism of the interstitial matrix and can also generate, by the digestion of the interstitial proteins, soluble peptides which can induce collagen and elastin synthesis and deposition. We investigated whether (i) elastolytic enzymes can be detected in samples from sun-exposed and non-exposed skin, and (ii) ultraviolet (UV) rays influence the production of elastolytic activities in cultured dermal fibroblasts. Immunoelectron microscopy showed a positive reaction for neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G in fibroblast-like cells from specimens of sun-exposed areas. Little or no reaction was found in biopsies of sun-protected skin. Fibroblast cultures from sun-exposed skin expressed higher levels of hydrolytic activity against synthetic substrates of elastases and cathepsin G than those obtained from sun-protected areas. Irradiation with UVA strongly stimulated the production of these activities in fibroblasts from sun-protected sites. No significant change was detected in parallel sets of cultures after UVB irradiation. Inhibition experiments indicated that the elastase-like activity expressed by fibroblasts can be attributed to at least two enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Cavarra
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia e Medicina Sperimentale, University of Siena, Italy
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18
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Wlaschek M, Tantcheva-Poór I, Naderi L, Ma W, Schneider LA, Razi-Wolf Z, Schüller J, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. Solar UV irradiation and dermal photoaging. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2001; 63:41-51. [PMID: 11684450 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(01)00201-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The skin is increasingly exposed to ambient UV-irradiation thus increasing risks for photooxidative damage with long-term detrimental effects like photoaging, characterized by wrinkles, loss of skin tone and resilience. Photoaged skin displays alterations in the cellular component and extracellular matrix with accumulation of disorganized elastin and its microfibrillar component fibrillin in the deep dermis and a severe loss of interstitial collagens, the major structural proteins of the dermal connective tissue. The unifying pathogenic agents for these changes are UV-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) which deplete and damage non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant defense systems of the skin. As well as causing permanent genetic changes, ROS activate cytoplasmic signal transduction pathways in resident fibroblasts that are related to growth, differentiation, senescence and connective tissue degradation. This review focuses on the role of UV-induced ROS in the photodamage of the skin resulting in clinical and biochemical characteristics of photoaging. In addition, the relationship of photoaging to intrinsic aging of the skin will be briefly discussed. A decrease in the overall ROS load by efficient sunscreens or other protective agents may represent promising strategies to prevent or at least minimize ROS-induced photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wlaschek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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19
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Ma W, Wlaschek M, Tantcheva-Poór I, Schneider LA, Naderi L, Razi-Wolf Z, Schüller J, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. Chronological ageing and photoageing of the fibroblasts and the dermal connective tissue. Clin Exp Dermatol 2001; 26:592-9. [PMID: 11696063 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2230.2001.00905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the exposure of human skin to environmental and artificial UV irradiation has increased dramatically. This is due not only to increased solar UV irradiation as a consequence of stratospheric ozone depletion, but also to inappropriate social behaviour with the use of tanning salons still being very popular in the public view. Besides this, leisure activities and a lifestyle that often includes travel to equatorial regions add to the individual annual UV load. In addition to the common long-term detrimental effects such as immunosuppression and skin cancer, the photo-oxidative damage due to energy absorption of UV photons in an oxygenized environment leads to quantitative and qualitative alterations of cells and structural macromolecules of the dermal connective tissue responsible for tensile strength, resilience and stability of the skin. The clinical manifestations of UV/reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced disturbances result in photoaged skin with wrinkle formation, laxity, leathery appearance as well as fragility, impaired wound healing capacities and higher vulnerability. Strategies to prevent or at least minimize ROS-induced photo-ageing and intrinsic ageing of the skin necessarily include protection against UV irradiation and antioxidant homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ma
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Germany
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20
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Tsukahara K, Takema Y, Moriwaki S, Tsuji N, Suzuki Y, Fujimura T, Imokawa G. Selective inhibition of skin fibroblast elastase elicits a concentration-dependent prevention of ultraviolet B-induced wrinkle formation. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 117:671-7. [PMID: 11564175 DOI: 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01450.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that wrinkle formation in the skin following long-term ultraviolet B irradiation is accompanied by decreases in skin elasticity and the curling of elastic fibers in the dermis. We further showed that wrinkles could be repaired by treatment with retinoic acid and that this was concomitant with the recovery of skin elasticity ascribed to the repair of damaged elastic fibers. Those studies suggested that decreasing the tortuosity of dermal elastic fibers is an important factor involved in inhibiting or repairing wrinkle formation. Therefore, it is of particular interest to determine whether the inhibition of elastase activity in vivo would prevent the damage of dermal elastic fibers and might abolish wrinkle formation associated with the loss of skin elasticity. Because the major elastase in the skin under noninflammatory conditions is skin fibroblast elastase, we used a specific inhibitor of that enzyme to assess its biologic role in wrinkle formation. The hind limb skins of Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated with ultraviolet B at a suberythemal dose three times a week for 6 wk. During that period, 0.1-10.0 mM N-phenetylphosphonyl-leucyl-tryptophane, an inhibitor of skin fibroblast elastase, was applied topically five times a week. N-phenetylphosphonyl-leucyl-tryptophane application at concentrations of 0.1-1.0 mM abolished wrinkle formation in a concentration-dependent manner, with a peak for inhibition at 1.0 mM. This inhibition was accompanied by a continued low tortuosity of dermal elastic fibers and a maintenance of skin elasticity. Measurement of elastase activity after 6 wk of ultraviolet B irradiation demonstrated that whereas phosphoramidon-sensitive elastase activity was significantly enhanced in the ultraviolet B-exposed skin, there was no significant increase in that activity in the ultraviolet B-exposed, N-phenetylphosphonyl-leucyl-tryptophane-treated skin. These findings suggest that skin fibroblast elastase plays an essential part in the degeneration and/or tortuosity of elastic fibers induced by cumulative ultraviolet B irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tsukahara
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Akabane, Ichikai, Haga, Tochigi, Japan
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21
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Mitani H, Koshiishi I, Sumita T, Imanari T. Prevention of the photodamage in the hairless mouse dorsal skin by kojic acid as an iron chelator. Eur J Pharmacol 2001; 411:169-174. [PMID: 11137872 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Kojic acid, a fungal metabolic product, has been used as a skin-depigmenting agent in skin care products marketed in Japan. Iron in the skin is known to be involved in wrinkling as a result of chronic photodamage. Kojic acid was expected to have anti-wrinkling activity, since it possesses iron-chelating activity. We now evaluated the anti-wrinkling activity of kojic acid by using hairless mice exposed to chronic solar-simulating ultraviolet (UV) irradiation as model animal. At the end of a 20-week irradiation period, topical application of kojic acid before UV irradiation was observed to dramatically prevent: (1) the wrinkling, (2) hyperplasia of the epidermis, (3) fibrosis of the lower dermis, and (4) the increase of extracellular matrix components in the upper dermis. These findings indicate that kojic acid is a typical agent preventing wrinkling of the skin due to chronic photodamage.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mitani
- Sansho Seiyaku Co., Fukuoka, Japan
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22
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23
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Scharffetter-Kochanek K, Brenneisen P, Wenk J, Herrmann G, Ma W, Kuhr L, Meewes C, Wlaschek M. Photoaging of the skin from phenotype to mechanisms. Exp Gerontol 2000; 35:307-16. [PMID: 10832052 DOI: 10.1016/s0531-5565(00)00098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The skin is increasingly exposed to ambient UV-irradiation thus increasing its risk for photooxidative damage with longterm detrimental effects like photoaging, which is characterized by wrinkles, loss of skin tone, and resilience. Photoaged skin displays prominent alterations in the cellular component and the extracellular matrix of the connective tissue with an accumulation of disorganized elastin and its microfibrillar component fibrillin in the deep dermis and a severe loss of interstitial collagens, the major structural proteins of the dermal connective tissue. The unifying pathogenic agents for these changes are UV-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) that deplete and damage non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant defense systems of the skin. As well as causing permanent genetic changes, ROS activate cytoplasmic signal transduction pathways in resident fibroblasts that are related to growth, differentiation, senescence, and connective tissue degradation. This review focuses on the role of UV-induced ROS in the photodamage of the skin resulting in biochemical and clinical characteristics of photoaging. In addition, the relationship of photoaging to intrinsic aging of the skin will be discussed. A decrease in the overall ROS load by efficient sunscreens or other protective agents may represent promising strategies to prevent or at least minimize ROS induced photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Scharffetter-Kochanek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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Mempel M, Schmidt T, Boeck K, Brockow K, Stachowitz S, Fesq H, Schäfer T, Thomsen S, Schnopp C, Ring J, Probst R, Luppa P, Abeck D. Changes in collagen I and collagen III metabolism in patients with generalized atopic eczema undergoing medium-dose ultraviolet A1 phototherapy. Br J Dermatol 2000; 142:473-80. [PMID: 10735953 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03359.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen patients suffering from acute, exacerbated atopic eczema were screened for changes in collagen I and collagen III metabolism in serum (n = 11), urine (n = 11) and skin biopsies (n = 9) before and after medium-dose ultraviolet (UV) A1 phototherapy (15 exposures of 50 J/cm2 over a 3-week period, total dose 750 J/cm2). Mature collagen I and, to a lesser extent, mature collagen III were found to be decreased after the therapy in skin samples from the irradiated patients. As markers of collagen I degradation, the cross-links pyridoline and deoxypyridoline were analysed in urine using high-performance liquid chromatography. Both cross-links were found to be mildly increased after UVA1 phototherapy, without reaching statistical significance. As markers of de novo collagen synthesis we screened for the procollagen I-carboxyterminal peptide (PICP) and procollagen III-aminoterminal peptide (PIIINP) levels in serum and skin. The ratio of PICP to PIIINP in serum dropped significantly after the UVA1 phototherapy, suggesting a different impact of UVA1 on the two collagens. These findings were paralleled by a diminished ratio of PICP to PIIINP in tissue samples. Staining for matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and its specific counterpart, tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1), showed slight increases for both proteins by therapeutic UVA1; this was also seen in serum for TIMP-1 but not MMP-1. In our study, high-energy UVA1 doses induced changes of the skin collagens in patients with atopic eczema which are measurable by their metabolites in serum and urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mempel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, 80802 Munich, Germany
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25
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Mitani H, Koshiishi I, Toyoda H, Toida T, Imanari T. Alterations of Hairless Mouse Skin Exposed to Chronic UV Irradiation and Its Prevention by Hydrocortisone. Photochem Photobiol 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1999.tb05304.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Neocleous V, Young AR, Brownson C. UVR modulates the steady-state levels of skin collagen transcripts in hairless mice. Photochem Photobiol 1997; 66:676-82. [PMID: 9383991 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb03206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to solar UV radiation (UVR) leads to changes in the extracellular matrix of the dermis, which is largely composed of collagen and elastin. Collagen and elastin proteins and their corresponding mRNA were assessed in dorsal skins of hairless mice exposed to 0.64 J/cm2 UVR (295-400 nm), 5 days per week, over a 12 week period. A 48% increase in skin-fold thickness was accompanied by increased elastic tissue deposition and more compressed collagen bundles as assessed histologically. Collagen I mRNA levels were similar to those in control skins at 1, 2, 3 and 6 weeks of UVR and less than control levels at 9 and 12 weeks. Collagen III mRNA levels were elevated after 1 week of UVR, remained elevated for a further 2 weeks and then returned to control levels at weeks 6, 9 and 12 when changes are occurring in collagen I transcripts. There was no evidence of corresponding changes in collagen I and III protein levels assessed using electrophoretic techniques. These results suggest that damage to the extracellular matrix, consequent on UVR, is associated with some pretranslational events. Elastin mRNA levels were unaffected by UVR, suggesting that elastic tissue hyperplasia is a posttranscriptional phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Neocleous
- School of Life Sciences, University of North London, UK
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27
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Kligman LH. Re: Menter JM, Sayre RM, Etemadi AA, Agin PP, Willis I. Chronic exposure of SK-1 hairless mice to narrow-band ultraviolet A (320-355 nm). PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 1996; 12:222-3. [PMID: 9112283 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.1996.tb00205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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28
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Takema Y, Hattori M, Aizawa K. The relationship between quantitative changes in collagen and formation of wrinkles on hairless mouse skin after chronic UV irradiation. J Dermatol Sci 1996; 12:56-63. [PMID: 8740462 DOI: 10.1016/0923-1811(95)00467-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Female albino hairless mice were irradiated chronically with sub-erythemal doses of UVB radiation. Collagen extracted from the irradiated or non-irradiated dorsal skin of mice was fractionated into neutral salt-soluble (NSC), acid-soluble (ASC) and insoluble fractions (ISC). An age-related exponential decrease in the content and proportion of acid-soluble collagen was found in each group. The contents and the proportions of ASC from irradiated mice were always significantly lower than those from age-matched control animals. Age-related slight decreases were observed in the contents (per fresh weight of tissues) of NSC, ISC and total collagen in the control group but decreases in these collagen contents after UVB irradiation were marked. A dramatic decrease in ASC occurred nearly concomitantly with wrinkle formation in the irradiated mice. The decrease of acid-soluble skin collagen in irradiated mice may play a role in the formation of wrinkles on hairless mouse dorsal skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takema
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tochigi, Japan
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Kligman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
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