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Oikawa T, Nomura K, Hara T, Koida K. A Fine-Scale and Minimally Invasive Marking Method for Use with Conventional Tungsten Microelectrodes. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0141-23.2023. [PMID: 37696665 PMCID: PMC10521347 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0141-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In neurophysiology, achieving precise correlation between physiological responses and anatomic structures is a significant challenge. Therefore, the accuracy of the electrode marking method is crucial. In this study, we describe a tungsten-deposition method, in which tungsten oxide is generated by applying biphasic current pulses to conventional tungsten electrodes. The electrical current used was 40-50 μA, which is similar to that used in electrical microstimulation experiments. The size of the markings ranged from 10 to 100 μm, corresponding to the size of the electrode tip, which is smaller than that of existing marking methods. Despite the small size of the markings, detection is easy as the marking appears in bright red under dark-field observation after Nissl staining. This marking technique resulted in low tissue damage and was maintained in vivo for at least two years. The feasibility of this method was tested in mouse and macaque brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Oikawa
- Department of Computer Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Kento Nomura
- Department of Computer Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Hara
- Department of Computer Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Kowa Koida
- Department of Computer Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
- Institute for Research on Next-generation Semiconductor and Sensing Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
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Basso MA, Frey S, Guerriero KA, Jarraya B, Kastner S, Koyano KW, Leopold DA, Murphy K, Poirier C, Pope W, Silva AC, Tansey G, Uhrig L. Using non-invasive neuroimaging to enhance the care, well-being and experimental outcomes of laboratory non-human primates (monkeys). Neuroimage 2021; 228:117667. [PMID: 33359353 PMCID: PMC8005297 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 10-20 years, neuroscience witnessed an explosion in the use of non-invasive imaging methods, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to study brain structure and function. Simultaneously, with access to MRI in many research institutions, MRI has become an indispensable tool for researchers and veterinarians to guide improvements in surgical procedures and implants and thus, experimental as well as clinical outcomes, given that access to MRI also allows for improved diagnosis and monitoring for brain disease. As part of the PRIMEatE Data Exchange, we gathered expert scientists, veterinarians, and clinicians who treat humans, to provide an overview of the use of non-invasive imaging tools, primarily MRI, to enhance experimental and welfare outcomes for laboratory non-human primates engaged in neuroscientific experiments. We aimed to provide guidance for other researchers, scientists and veterinarians in the use of this powerful imaging technology as well as to foster a larger conversation and community of scientists and veterinarians with a shared goal of improving the well-being and experimental outcomes for laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Basso
- Fuster Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - S Frey
- Rogue Research, Inc. Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - K A Guerriero
- Washington National Primate Research Center University of Washington Seattle, WA USA
| | - B Jarraya
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Foch hospital, Paris, France
| | - S Kastner
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute & Department of Psychology Princeton University Princeton, NJ USA
| | - K W Koyano
- National Institute of Mental Health NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - D A Leopold
- National Institute of Mental Health NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - K Murphy
- Biosciences Institute and Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Faculty of Medical Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH United Kingdom UK
| | - C Poirier
- Biosciences Institute and Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Faculty of Medical Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH United Kingdom UK
| | - W Pope
- Department of Radiology UCLA Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A C Silva
- Department of Neurobiology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA
| | - G Tansey
- National Eye Institute NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA
| | - L Uhrig
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, INSERM, CEA, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
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Koyano KW, Machino A, Takeda M, Matsui T, Fujimichi R, Ohashi Y, Miyashita Y. In vivo visualization of single-unit recording sites using MRI-detectable elgiloy deposit marking. J Neurophysiol 2010; 105:1380-92. [PMID: 21123662 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00358.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise localization of single-neuron activity has elucidated functional architectures of the primate cerebral cortex, related to vertically stacked layers and horizontally aligned columns. The traditional "gold standard" method for localizing recorded neuron is histological examination of electrolytic lesion marks at recording sites. Although this method can localize recorded neurons with fine neuroanatomy, the necessity for postmortem analysis prohibits its use in long-term chronic experiments. To localize recorded single-neuron positions in vivo, we introduced MRI-detectable elgiloy deposit marks, which can be created by electrolysis of an elgiloy microelectrode tip and visualized on highly contrasted magnetic resonance (MR) images. Histological analysis validated that the deposit mark centers could be localized relative to neuroanatomy in vivo with single-voxel accuracy, at an in-plane resolution of 200 μm. To demonstrate practical applications of the technique, we recorded single-neuron activity from a monkey performing a cognitive task and localized it in vivo using deposit marks (deposition: 2 μA for 3 min; scanning: fast-spin-echo sequence with 0.15 × 0.15 × 0.8 mm(3) resolution, 120/4,500 ms of echo-time/repetition-time and 8 echo-train-length), as is usually performed with conventional postmortem methods using electrolytic lesion marks. Two localization procedures were demonstrated: 1) deposit marks within a microelectrode track were used to reconstruct a dozen recorded neuron positions along the track directly on MR images; 2) combination with X-ray imaging allowed estimation of hundreds of neuron positions on MR images. This new in vivo method is feasible for chronic experiments with nonhuman primates, enabling analysis of the functional architecture of the cerebral cortex underlying cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji W Koyano
- Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Tokuno H, Hatanaka N, Chiken S, Ishizuka N. An improved method with a long-shanked glass micropipette and ultrasonography for drug injection into deep brain structure of the monkey. BRAIN RESEARCH. BRAIN RESEARCH PROTOCOLS 2002; 10:16-22. [PMID: 12379433 DOI: 10.1016/s1385-299x(02)00178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe an improved method to inject drug into deep brain structure of the macaque monkey. A Teflon-coated tungsten wire for extracellular recording was passed through a long-shanked (4-5 cm) glass micropipette, which was then attached to a microsyringe with dental impression material. The surface of the micropippete was coated with Teflon to reduce acoustic artifact in ultrasound imaging. Thereby, it was possible to identify the micropipette in the brain with B-mode ultrasonography. Extracellular recording combined with electrical stimulation in the input source of the target nucleus was also helpful to determine the location of the micropipette. Here, we demonstrate injection of a neuronal tracer, wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, into the medial mammillary nucleus of the Japanese monkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Tokuno
- Department of Brain Structure, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan.
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Tokuno H, Hatanaka N, Takada M, Nambu A. B-mode and color Doppler ultrasound imaging for localization of microelectrode in monkey brain. Neurosci Res 2000; 36:335-8. [PMID: 10771112 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-0102(99)00133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Using alert monkeys, we attempted ultrasound imaging after partial craniotomy to localize a metal microelectrode in the brain. B-mode ultrasonography provided images of sulcus and gyrus patterns of the cerebral cortex, and locations of the ventricles and subarachnoid cisterns. As the microelectrode proceeded in the brain, the position of the microelectrode was clearly identified. Electrolytic microlesions generated by delivering direct currents via the microelectrode could also be detected. Color Doppler imaging of blood vessels of the brain was helpful to demarcate deep brain structures and to avoid accidental injury of the blood vessels by the microelectrode. The ultrasonography will make it possible to place recording microelectrodes or injection needles accurately in target regions of the brain in physiological, anatomical or behavioral experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tokuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.
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Conde C, Rumia J, García G, Gaston F, Gelabert R. Ecografía intraoperatoria en Neurocirugía: biopsia cerebral ecoguiada. Neurocirugia (Astur) 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1473(91)71175-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gilsbach JM, Hassler WE. Intraoperative Doppler and real time sonography in neurosurgery. Neurosurg Rev 1984; 7:199-208. [PMID: 6493519 DOI: 10.1007/bf01780705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound Doppler sonography with miniaturized probes and high resolution offers new possibilities of intraoperative control of neurovascular procedures. Patency, flow direction stenoses and changes in resistance can be investigated atraumatically, repeatedly and without additional preparation. In bypass and aneurysm surgery, about 10% of the cases were shown by Doppler examinations to be unsatisfactory, with stenoses and occlusions. These could be immediately corrected without loss of time. In normal cases, the information on the local haemodynamics enlarges the knowledge as to the effects of the operation and make it safer. Real time ultrasonography, which can be easily adapted to neurosurgery, is a new atraumatic tool for localizing, in two dimensions, subcortical intrinsic processes, haematomas, ventricles ect. It is useful for guided biopsies and punctures and for the centering of the dura and brain incision over the middle of the lesion, especially in microsurgical procedures.
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Fasano VA, Ponzio RM, Liboni W, De Mattei M. Preliminary experiences with "real-time" intraoperative ultrasonography associated to the laser and the ultrasonic aspirator in neurosurgery. SURGICAL NEUROLOGY 1983; 19:318-23. [PMID: 6836489 DOI: 10.1016/0090-3019(83)90237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Twelve cerebral lesions were operated upon with various laser sources (carbon dioxide, neodymium-yttrium-argon-garnet, and argon) and with an ultrasonic aspirator utilizing the intraoperative "real-time" ultrasonography. With the last method, the tumor was imaged just as well through the intact dura mater as on the brain surface itself, allowing a precise localization of deep intracranial lesions. A sharp selectivity on the healthy tissues is, in this way, achievable to reach the tumor, which is successively removed with the laser and ultrasonic aspirator checking the surgical maneuvers on the visual control of the ultrasonograph.
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Abstract
✓ An easy, accurate, and safe biopsy technique for deep-seated brain tumors using a newly devised real-time ultrasonic apparatus is presented. Three lesions, one large pituitary adenoma and two pineal region tumors, were biopsied successfully by this technique.
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Chandler WF, Knake JE, McGillicuddy JE, Lillehei KO, Silver TM. Intraoperative use of real-time ultrasonography in neurosurgery. J Neurosurg 1982; 57:157-63. [PMID: 7086507 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1982.57.2.0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The authors' experience with the intraoperative use of real-time ultrasonography during 21 neurosurgical procedures is reported. These procedures include neoplasm surgery in 18 cases, treatment of an arteriovenous malformation in one case, and ventricular catheter placement for hydrocephalus in two cases. In each of the neoplasm cases, the tumors were imaged just as well through the intact dura as on the brain surface itself. There were no cases in which the pathology could not easily be identified. The use of portable intraoperative ultrasonography in sterile coverings has proven to be extremely useful in localizing small subcortical neoplasms, as well as locating the solid and cystic portions of deep lesions. It has assisted in guiding needles for both biopsy and aspiration. It has also accurately identified and guided Silastic catheters during their placement in the ventricular system in cases of hydrocephalus. The authors have found real-time ultrasonography to be an important new tool in the operating room and will continue to rely on its imaging ability during selected procedures in the future.
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