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Kiragosyan K, Picard M, Sorokin DY, Dijkstra J, Klok JBM, Roman P, Janssen AJH. Effect of dimethyl disulfide on the sulfur formation and microbial community composition during the biological H 2S removal from sour gas streams. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121916. [PMID: 31884361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Removal of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds from sour gases is required because of their toxicity and atmospheric pollution. The most common are hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methanethiol (MT). Under oxygen-limiting conditions about 92 mol% of sulfide is oxidized to sulfur by haloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB), whilst the remainder is oxidized either biologically to sulfate or chemically to thiosulfate. MT is spontaneously oxidized to dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), which was found to inhibit the oxidation of sulfide to sulfate. Hence, we assessed the effect of DMDS on product formation in a lab-scale biodesulfurization setup. DMDS was quantified using a newly, in-house developed analytical method. Subsequently, a chemical reaction mechanism was proposed for the formation of methanethiol and dimethyl trisulfide from the reaction between sulfide and DMDS. Addition of DMDS resulted in significant inhibition of sulfate formation, leading to 96 mol% of sulfur formation. In addition, a reduction in the dominating haloalkaliphilic SOB species, Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus, was observed in favor of Thioalkaibacter halophilus as a more DMDS-tolerant with the 50 % inhibition coefficient at 2.37 mM DMDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Kiragosyan
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Magali Picard
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Eurofins Agroscience Services Chem SAS 75, chemin de Sommières 30310, Vergèze, France
| | - Dimitry Y Sorokin
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-let Oktyabrya 7/2, Moscow, Russian Federation; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jelmer Dijkstra
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B M Klok
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Paqell B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pawel Roman
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J H Janssen
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Shell, Oostduinlaan 2, 2596 JM the Hague, The Netherlands
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Wang YN, Tsang YF, Wang L, Fu X, Hu J, Li H, Le Y. Inhibitory effect of self-generated extracellular dissolved organic carbon on carbon dioxide fixation in sulfur-oxidizing bacteria during a chemoautotrophic cultivation process and its elimination. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 252:44-51. [PMID: 29306128 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The features of extracellular dissolved organic carbon (EDOC) generation in two typical aerobic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Thiobacillus thioparus DSM 505 and Halothiobacillus neapolitanus DSM 15147) and its impact on CO2 fixation during chemoautotrophic cultivation process were investigated. The results showed that EDOC accumulated in both strains during CO2 fixation process. Large molecular weight (MW) EDOC derived from cell lysis and decay was dominant during the entire process in DSM 505, whereas small MW EDOC accounted for a large proportion during initial and middle stages of DSM 15147 as its cytoskeleton synthesis rate did not keep up with CO2 assimilation rate. The self-generated EDOC feedback repressed cbb gene transcription and thus decreased total bacterial cell number and CO2 fixation yield in both strains, but DSM 505 was more sensitive to this inhibition effect. Moreover, the membrane bioreactor effectively decreased the EDOC/TOC ratio and improved carbon fixation yield of DSM 505.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Research Institute for Shanghai Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 200092, China.
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Research Institute for Shanghai Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 200092, China
| | - Jiajun Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Research Institute for Shanghai Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 200092, China
| | - Yiquan Le
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Research Institute for Shanghai Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 200092, China
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Kovárová-Kovar K, Egli T. Growth kinetics of suspended microbial cells: from single-substrate-controlled growth to mixed-substrate kinetics. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 1998; 62:646-66. [PMID: 9729604 PMCID: PMC98929 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.62.3.646-666.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth kinetics, i.e., the relationship between specific growth rate and the concentration of a substrate, is one of the basic tools in microbiology. However, despite more than half a century of research, many fundamental questions about the validity and application of growth kinetics as observed in the laboratory to environmental growth conditions are still unanswered. For pure cultures growing with single substrates, enormous inconsistencies exist in the growth kinetic data reported. The low quality of experimental data has so far hampered the comparison and validation of the different growth models proposed, and only recently have data collected from nutrient-controlled chemostat cultures allowed us to compare different kinetic models on a statistical basis. The problems are mainly due to (i) the analytical difficulty in measuring substrates at growth-controlling concentrations and (ii) the fact that during a kinetic experiment, particularly in batch systems, microorganisms alter their kinetic properties because of adaptation to the changing environment. For example, for Escherichia coli growing with glucose, a physiological long-term adaptation results in a change in KS for glucose from some 5 mg liter-1 to ca. 30 microg liter-1. The data suggest that a dilemma exists, namely, that either "intrinsic" KS (under substrate-controlled conditions in chemostat culture) or micromax (under substrate-excess conditions in batch culture) can be measured but both cannot be determined at the same time. The above-described conventional growth kinetics derived from single-substrate-controlled laboratory experiments have invariably been used for describing both growth and substrate utilization in ecosystems. However, in nature, microbial cells are exposed to a wide spectrum of potential substrates, many of which they utilize simultaneously (in particular carbon sources). The kinetic data available to date for growth of pure cultures in carbon-controlled continuous culture with defined mixtures of two or more carbon sources (including pollutants) clearly demonstrate that simultaneous utilization results in lowered residual steady-state concentrations of all substrates. This should result in a competitive advantage of a cell capable of mixed-substrate growth because it can grow much faster at low substrate concentrations than one would expect from single-substrate kinetics. Additionally, the relevance of the kinetic principles obtained from defined culture systems with single, mixed, or multicomponent substrates to the kinetics of pollutant degradation as it occurs in the presence of alternative carbon sources in complex environmental systems is discussed. The presented overview indicates that many of the environmentally relevant apects in growth kinetics are still waiting to be discovered, established, and exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kovárová-Kovar
- Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG), CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Bally M, Egli T. Dynamics of Substrate Consumption and Enzyme Synthesis in Chelatobacter heintzii during Growth in Carbon-Limited Continuous Culture with Different Mixtures of Glucose and Nitrilotriacetate. Appl Environ Microbiol 1996; 62:133-40. [PMID: 16535204 PMCID: PMC1388746 DOI: 10.1128/aem.62.1.133-140.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of nitrilotriacetate (NTA) degradation and expression of NTA monooxygenase (NTA-MO) in the NTA-degrading strain Chelatobacter heintzii ATCC 29600 in continuous culture at a dilution rate of 0.06 h(sup-1) under transient growth conditions when the feed was switched between media containing NTA, glucose, or different mixtures thereof as the sole carbon and energy sources was investigated. A transition from NTA to glucose was accompanied by a rapid loss of NTA-MO. A transition from glucose to NTA resulted in a lag phase of some 25 h until NTA-MO expression started, and approximately 100 h was needed before a steady state for NTA-MO specific activity was reached. This transient lag phase was markedly shortened when mixtures of NTA plus glucose were supplied instead of NTA only; for example, when a mixture of 90% glucose and 10% NTA was used, induction of NTA-MO was detected after 30 min. This suggests a strong positive influence of alternative carbon substrates on the expression of other enzymes under natural environmental conditions. Regulation of NTA-MO expression and the fate of NTA-MO were also studied during starvation of both glucose-grown and NTA-grown cultures. Starvation of NTA-grown cells led to a loss of NTA-MO protein. No synthesis of NTA-MO (derepression) was observed when glucose-grown cells were starved.
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The Ecological and Physiological Significance of the Growth of Heterotrophic Microorganisms with Mixtures of Substrates. ADVANCES IN MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-7724-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Wirsen CO, Jannasch HW, Molyneaux SJ. Chemosynthetic microbial activity at Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vent sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1029/92jb01556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Pronk JT, Meesters PJW, van Dijken JP, Bos P, Kuenen JG. Heterotrophic growth of Thiobacillus acidophilus in batch and chemostat cultures. Arch Microbiol 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00249011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Steinberg NA, Meeks JC. Photosynthetic CO2 fixation and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity of Nostoc sp. strain UCD 7801 in symbiotic association with Anthoceros punctatus. J Bacteriol 1989; 171:6227-33. [PMID: 2509431 PMCID: PMC210493 DOI: 10.1128/jb.171.11.6227-6233.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. strain UCD 7801, immediately after separation from pure cultures of a reconstituted symbiotic association with the bryophyte Anthoceros punctatus, exhibited a rate of light-dependent CO2 fixation that was eightfold lower than that measured in the free-living growth state. Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBPC/O) specific activity was also eightfold lower in cell extracts of symbiotic strain 7801 relative to that in free-living cultures. The in vitro activity from symbiotic strain 7801 could not be increased by incubation under the standard RuBPC/O activation conditions. Polyclonal antibodies against the RuBPC/O large subunit were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine that RuBPC/O accounted for 4.3 and 5.2% of the total protein in cell extracts of strain 7801 grown in symbiotic and free-living states, respectively. The results imply that the regulation of RuBPC/O activity in the symbiotic growth state is by a posttranslational mechanism rather than by an alteration in RuBPC/O protein synthesis. The amount of carboxyarabinitol bisphosphate required to irreversibly inhibit RuBPC/O activity of sybiotic cell extracts was 80% of that required for extracts of free-living cultures. This result indicates that any covalent modification of RuBPC/O in symbiotically associated Nostoc cells did not interfere with the ribulose bisphosphate binding site, since inactive enzyme also bound carboxyarabinitol bisphosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Steinberg
- Department of Microbiology, University of California, Davis 95616
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Karagouni AD, Kelly DP. Carbon dioxide fixation byThiobacillus versutus: apparent absence of a CO2-concentrating mechanism in organisms grown under carbon-limitation in the chemostat. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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12
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Mason J, Kelly DP. Mixotrophic and autotrophic growth of Thiobacillus acidophilus on tetrathionate. Arch Microbiol 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00411649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Read DL, Matin A. Two-dimensional gel resolution of polypeptides specific for autotrophic growth in Thiobacillus versutus. J Appl Microbiol 1987. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1987.tb05176.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Murray PA, Zinder SH. Polysaccharide reserve material in the acetotrophic methanogen, Methanosarcina thermophila strain TM-1: accumulation and mobilization. Arch Microbiol 1987. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00415270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zinder SH, Elias AF. Growth substrate effects on acetate and methanol catabolism in Methanosarcina sp. strain TM-1. J Bacteriol 1985; 163:317-23. [PMID: 4008444 PMCID: PMC219115 DOI: 10.1128/jb.163.1.317-323.1985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
When Methanosarcina sp. strain TM-1 is grown in medium in which both methanol and acetate are present, growth is biphasic, with methanol used as the primary catabolic substrate during the first phase. To better understand this phenomenon, we grew cells on methanol or on acetate or on both and examined the abilities of anaerobically washed cells to catabolize these substrates. Washed acetate-grown cells incubated with 10 mM acetate, 10 mM methanol, or both substrates together produced methane at initial rates of 325, 3, and 315 nmol min-1 mg of protein-1, respectively. Although the initial rate of methanogenesis from both substrates was nearly identical to the rate for acetate alone, after several hours of incubation the rate was greater for cells provided with both substrates. Studies with 14C-labeled methanol indicated that methanol was catabolized to methane at increasing rates by acetate-grown cells in a manner reminiscent of an induction curve, but only when cells were provided with acetate as a cosubstrate. Acetate was presumably providing energy and carbon for induction of methanol-catabolic enzymes. Methanol-grown cells showed a pattern of substrate utilization significantly different from that of acetate-grown cells, producing methane from 10 mM acetate, 10 mM methanol, or both substrates at initial rates of 10, 280, and 450 nmol min-1 mg of protein-1, respectively. There was significant oxidation of the methyl group of acetate during metabolism of both substrates. Cells grown on methanol-acetate and harvested before methanol depletion (methanol phase) showed catabolic patterns nearly identical to those of methanol-grown cells, including a low rate of methanogenesis from acetate. Cells harvested from methanol-acetate cultures in the acetate phase were capable of significant methanogenesis from either methanol or acetate alone, and the rate from both substrates together was nearly equal to the sum of the rates for the single substrates. When both 10 mM methanol and 10 mM acetate were presented to the acetate-phase cells, there was a preference for the methanol. These results are consistent with a model for regulation in Methanosarcina sp. strain TM-1 in which methanol represses acetate catabolism while methanol catabolism is inducible.
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Kuenen JG, Beudeker RF. Microbiology of thiobacilli and other sulphur-oxidizing autotrophs, mixotrophs and heterotrophs. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 1982; 298:473-97. [PMID: 6127737 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1982.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies on the ecophysiology of the obligate chemolithotroph Thiobacillus neapolitanus have given better insight into its specialization for an autotrophic mode of life. This appears not only from its high constitutive levels of autotrophic enzymes, but also from its possession of carboxysomes, which seem to be specialized organelles for CO2 fixation and concentrating reducing power. At the same time, these organisms are metabolically versatile with respect to nitrogen assimilation pathways, and during starvation are able to utilize endogenous resources such as polyglucose for carbon and energy. Studies on the facultative chemolithotrophs such as Thiobacillus novellus and Thiobacillus A2 have shown that they can grow mixotrophically on mixtures of inorganic and organic substrates, i.e. they can utilize these compounds simultaneously provided that they are growth limiting. Thiobacillus A2 displays a remarkable flexibility not only with respect to the organic substrates that it can utilize but, for example, also in the choice of various pathways for glucose metabolism. Competition experiments carried out between specialized and versatile thiobacilli strongly indicate that the ecological advantage of the versatile thiobacilli may lie not so much in their short-term flexibility, but rather in their ability to grow mixotrophically. Studies on most heterotrophic chemolithotrophs are still in their infancy. Promising progress has been made in the study of the physiology of Beggiatoa species. Renewed interest in the sulphur-oxidizing bacteria stems from recent findings about their role in food chains, and their possible application in industry.
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Beudeker RF, Gottschal JC, Kuenen JG. Reactivity versus flexibility in thiobacilli. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1982; 48:39-51. [PMID: 7092201 DOI: 10.1007/bf00399485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The results of ecophysiological studies on obligately and facultatively chemolithotrophic thiobacilli performed over the past years clearly show that the two types of organisms occupy different ecological niches. Chemostat experiments with cultures of the obligate chemolithotroph Thiobacillus neapolitanus and the facultative chemolithotroph Thiobacillus A2 have been carried out to explain the competitiveness of T. neapolitanus under conditions of strongly fluctuating substrate supply. Thiobacillus neapolitanus appeared to be very resistant to starvation periods whereafter it could oxidize sulfide (or thiosulfate) almost instantaneously at the original rate. Under alternate supply of 4 h sulfide and 4 h sulfate (or acetate which does not support growth of the organism either) to a chemostat culture of T. neapolitanus (D=0.05h-1) the sulfide concentration in the growth vessel never reached levels higher than 4 micrometers. This strategy is aimed at maximal reactivity. In contrast to T. neapolitanus the facultative chemolithotroph T.A2 appeared to be very flexible with respect to its energy generation. Under alternate supply of 4 h sulfide and 4 acetate (D=0.05h-1) T.A2 was able to grow continuously since it directed its metabolism to either heterotrophy or autotrophy by rapid induction-repression mechanisms. This flexible strategy seems to be incompatible with a reactive strategy within one organism, since the oxidation capacity for sulfide decreased during the acetate period resulting in accumulation of sulfide during the sulfide period. It is concluded that T.A2 needs a continuous supply of an inorganic and an organic substrate to thrive whereas T. neapolitanus needs only a continuous supply of a reduced inorganic sulfur source but also will persist in environments with interrupted addition of sulfide provided that the starvation period does not last too long.
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