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Saisud S, Posung M, Tuntigumthon S, Areesirisuk A, Dhepakson P, Teeka J. Development of an animal-derived component-free medium for Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells using response surface methodology. Biotechnol Lett 2023:10.1007/s10529-023-03389-5. [PMID: 37184749 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop an animal-derived component-free medium for Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) growth and green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression. RESULTS OSF9-ADCFM contained optimum concentrations of CDLC, YE and ST at 0.5% (v/v), 11.0 g/L, and 3.0 g/L, respectively. A mean viable cell concentration of 1.71 ± 0.14 × 105 cells/mL was obtained from 5 passages (P1-P5). The use of both peptones after 10 kDa ultrafiltration had a significant effect on Sf9 cell growth. Grace's insect medium with 10% FBS gave higher un-infected cell number than SF-900II and OSF9-ADCFM for 4.29 and 5.38 times, respectively. The average cell number of un-infected cells and GFP-fluorescent cells of SF-900II were higher than OSF9-ADCFM 1.25 and 7 times, respectively. CONCLUSION In-house OSF9-ADCFM could support growth and GFP expression in Sf9 less than commercial SF-900II. However, it could lower the production cost at least 50% comparing to commercial SF-900II. The development of in- house OSF9-ADCFM would be continued to increase both cell numbers and protein expression in the next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sureewan Saisud
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Thailand
| | - Manoch Posung
- Innovation and Medical Biotechnology Center (iMBC), Medical Life Sciences Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Suthida Tuntigumthon
- Innovation and Medical Biotechnology Center (iMBC), Medical Life Sciences Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Atsadawut Areesirisuk
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Nano-Biotechnology and Digital Innovation, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Thailand
| | - Panadda Dhepakson
- Innovation and Medical Biotechnology Center (iMBC), Medical Life Sciences Institute, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Jantima Teeka
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Nano-Biotechnology and Digital Innovation, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Thailand.
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Effects and mechanisms of animal-free hydrolysates on recombination protein yields in CHO cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:7387-7396. [PMID: 36229612 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the commonly used cell lines for producing recombinant therapeutic proteins (RTPs) because they possess post-translational modifications similar to human cells. Culture media are necessary for cell growth, and their quality affects the yields and quality of RTPs. Due to safety concerns for the complex purification of RTPs, the development of serum-free media (SFM) is necessary for CHO cells. To meet the need for CHO cells with higher cell density and RTP productivity with consistent product quality in large-scale suspension cultures, the optimization of SFM through adding some enzymatic animal-free hydrolysates (AFHs) is preferred. The AFHs can improve cell culture performance and product yield of RTPs without affecting their quality. Here, the effect and mechanism of various AFHs in improving CHO cell culture performance and protein expression are reviewed. KEY POINTS: • AFHs that improve the recombinant protein yield of CHO cells are reviewed. • AFHs improve recombinant protein yield via influencing cell performance. • The AFHs do not affect the quality of recombinant protein in CHO cells. • AFHs can provide nutrients, block cell cycle, and reduce oxidative stress.
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Liu CH, Liu YX, Wu WC. Facile development of medium optimization for antibody production: implementation in spinner flask and hollow fiber reactor. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:1631-1642. [PMID: 30284074 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Most bio-industrial mammalian cells are cultured in serum-free media to achieve advantages, such as batch consistency, suspended growth, and simplified purification. The successful development of a serum-free medium could contribute to a reduction in the experimental variation, enhance cell productivity, and facilitate biopharmaceuticals production using the cell culture process. Commercial serum-free media are also becoming more and more popular. However, the cell line secrets its own recombinant product and has special nutritional requirements. How can the composition of the proprietary medium be adjusted to support the specific cell's metabolism and recombinant protein? This article uses statistical strategies to modify the commercial medium. A design of experiments is adopted to optimize the medium composition for the hybridoma cell in a serum-free condition. The supplements of peptone, ferric citrate, and trace elements were chosen to study their impact on hybridoma growth and antibody production using the response surface methodology. The stimulatory effect of the developed formulation on hybridoma growth was confirmed by the steepest ascent path. The optimal medium stimulated the hybridoma growth and antibody production in three diverse systems: a static plate, an agitated spinner flask, and a hollow fiber reactor. The cells in the developed serum-free medium had a better antibody production as compared to that in the commercial medium in the hollow fiber reactor. Our results demonstrated that the facile optimization for medium and antibody production was successfully accomplished in the hybridoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsien Liu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa First Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, 261, Wen-Hwa First Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84, Gung-Juan Road, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Xin Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa First Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fu-Hsing Street, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa First Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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4
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Gupta AJ, Wierenga PA, Gruppen H, Boots JW. Influence of protein and carbohydrate contents of soy protein hydrolysates on cell density and IgG production in animal cell cultures. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:1396-405. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek J. Gupta
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
- FrieslandCampina Domo; Amersfoort The Netherlands
| | - Peter A. Wierenga
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Harry Gruppen
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
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Adaptation and cultivation of permanent fish cell line CCO in serum-free medium and influence of protein hydrolysates on growth performance. Cytotechnology 2014; 68:115-121. [PMID: 24993608 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9760-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we describe the adaptation of channel catfish ovary (CCO) cell line to commercially available Ultra Culture serum-free medium by gradual reduction of serum concentration from 10 to 0 %. With this approach we obtained CCO cells fully adapted to serum-free conditions in 32 days. Growth, nutritional and morphological characteristics of these cells remained unchanged when compared to the control group kept in the presence of serum. Additionally, three commercially available protein hydrolysates were tested for the effects on growth performance of the newly serum-free adapted CCO cells. Supplementation with wheat gluten hydrolysate resulted in growth similar to serum free medium solely, while yeast and soy hydrolysates showed inhibitory effects on the cell growth. Taken together, the successful adaptation of CCO cells to serum-free conditions indicates their potential to be used in cytotoxicity assays when serum omission is demanded or for developing serum free bioprocesses using CCO cells. However, a more extended study on nutrient supplementation is still required to further boost the cell growth in a serum free culture.
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Gupta AJ, Gruppen H, Maes D, Boots JW, Wierenga PA. Factors causing compositional changes in soy protein hydrolysates and effects on cell culture functionality. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:10613-10625. [PMID: 24117369 DOI: 10.1021/jf403051z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Soy protein hydrolysates significantly enhance cell growth and recombinant protein production in cell cultures. The extent of this enhancement in cell growth and IgG production is known to vary from batch to batch. This can be due to differences in the abundance of different classes of compounds (e.g., peptide content), the quality of these compounds (e.g., glycated peptides), or the presence of specific compounds (e.g., furosine). These quantitative and qualitative differences between batches of hydrolysates result from variation in the seed composition and seed/meal processing. Although a considerable amount of literature is available that describes these factors, this knowledge has not been combined in an overview yet. The aim of this review is to identify the most dominant factors that affect hydrolysate composition and functionality. Although there is a limited influence of variation in the seed composition, the overview shows that the qualitative changes in hydrolysate composition result in the formation of minor compounds (e.g., Maillard reaction products). In pure systems, these compounds have a profound effect on the cell culture functionality. This suggests that the presence of these compounds in soy protein hydrolysates may affect hydrolysate functionality as well. This influence on the functionality can be of direct or indirect nature. For instance, some minor compounds (e.g., Maillard reaction products) are cytotoxic, whereas other compounds (e.g., phytates) suppress protein hydrolysis during hydrolysate production, resulting in altered peptide composition, and, thus, affect the functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek J Gupta
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University , P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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7
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Luo Y, Pierce KM. Development toward rapid and efficient screening for high performance hydrolysate lots in a recombinant monoclonal antibody manufacturing process. Biotechnol Prog 2012; 28:1061-8. [PMID: 22641483 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived hydrolysates are widely used in mammalian cell culture media to increase yields of recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). However, these chemically varied and undefined raw materials can have negative impact on yield and/or product quality in large-scale cell culture processes. Traditional methods that rely on fractionation of hydrolysates yielded little success in improving hydrolysate quality. We took a holistic approach to develop an efficient and reliable method to screen intact soy hydrolysate lots for commercial recombinant mAb manufacturing. Combined high-resolution (1) H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and partial least squares (PLS) analysis led to a prediction model between product titer and NMR fingerprinting of soy hydrolysate with cross-validated correlation coefficient R(2) of 0.87 and root-mean-squared-error of cross-validation RMSECV% of 11.2%. This approach screens for high performance hydrolysate lots, therefore ensuring process consistency and product quality in the mAb manufacturing process. Furthermore, PLS analysis was successful in discerning multiple markers (DL-lactate, soy saccharides, citrate and succinate) among hydrolysate components that positively and negatively correlate with titer. Interestingly, these markers correlate to the metabolic characteristics of some strains of taxonomically diverse lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Thus our findings indicate that LAB strains may exist during hydrolysate manufacturing steps and their biochemical activities may attribute to the titer enhancement effect of soy hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- Product and Process Development, Amgen Inc, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
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Heidemann R, Zhang C, Qi H, Larrick Rule J, Rozales C, Park S, Chuppa S, Ray M, Michaels J, Konstantinov K, Naveh D. The use of peptones as medium additives for the production of a recombinant therapeutic protein in high density perfusion cultures of mammalian cells. Cytotechnology 2011; 32:157-67. [PMID: 19002977 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008196521213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein hydrolysates as substitutes for serum havebeen employed by many in cell culture mediumformulation, especially with the shift to low proteinor protein-free media. More recently, vegetablehydrolysates have also been added as nutritionalsupplements to fortify the amino acid content in smallpeptide form for batch and fed-batch fermentations. Several of these new hydrolysates (peptones of soy,rice, wheat gluten etc.) were tested as protein-freemedium supplements for the production of a recombinanttherapeutic protein. Multiple peptone-supplemented,continuous perfusion bioreactor experiments wereconducted, varying dilution rates and basal mediumcomposition over the various runs. Cell specificrates and product quality studies were obtained forthe various peptones and compared with peptone-freemedium. The potential for peptones to decreaseintrinsic and proteolytic degradation of the productwas also investigated.It was found that peptones confer a nutritionalbenefit, especially at low dilution rates, for therecombinant BHK cell line used in this investigation.The specific productivity increased 20-30% comparedto the peptone-free controls. However, this benefitwas also fully delivered by using fortified medium inplace of the peptone-enriched media. Therefore, whilepeptones may be considered as useful medium additiveswhen development time is limited, their addition maybe avoided by systematic medium development ifpermitted by the time line of the project.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Heidemann
- Bayer Corporation, 800 Dwight Way, P.O. Box 1686, Berkeley, CA, 94701, USA,
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Kunova M, Matulka K, Eiselleova L, Trckova P, Hampl A, Dvorak P. Development of humanized culture medium with plant-derived serum replacement for human pluripotent stem cells. Reprod Biomed Online 2010; 21:676-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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10
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Gu X, Xie L, Harmon BJ, Wang DI. Influence of Primatone RL supplementation on sialylation of recombinant human interferon-gamma produced by Chinese hamster ovary cell culture using serum-free media. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 56:353-60. [PMID: 18642238 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19971120)56:4<353::aid-bit1>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Although serum-free media have been widely used in mammalian cell culture for therapeutic protein production, the effects of serum-substitutes on product quality have not been extensively examined. This study observed an adverse effect of Primatone RL, an animal tissue hydrolysate commonly used as a serum-substitute to promote cell growth, on sialylation of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture in both batch and fed-batch modes. In batch cultures, decreased sialylation was observed at each of the glycosylation sites (i.e., Asn(25) and Asn(97)) of IFN-gamma with the use of elevated concentrations of the peptone. Although poorest sialylation was obtained with the use of a growth-inhibiting concentration of Primatone RL, diminished sialylation was observed at the optimal peptone concentration for cell growth and product yield. Since incubation of the product in Primatone RL-supplemented acellular medium did not result in decreased sialylation, the negative effect of Primatone RL could not be attributed to extracellular desialylation of IFN-gamma by components of the peptone. In the fed-batch mode, a culture utilizing a serum-free feeding medium supplemented with Primatone RL demonstrated poorer sialylation than a similar culture not fed the peptone. The results of both the batch and fed-batch experiments indicate that the adverse effect of the peptone was not due solely to ammonia accumulation. (c) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 56: 353-360, 1997.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gu
- Biotechnology Process Engineering Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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11
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Lee YK, Kim SY, Kim KH, Chun BH, Lee KH, Oh DJ, Chung N. Use of soybean protein hydrolysates for promoting proliferation of human keratinocytes in serum-free medium. Biotechnol Lett 2008; 30:1931-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-008-9796-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2008] [Revised: 06/23/2008] [Accepted: 06/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Lu C, Gonzalez C, Gleason J, Gangi J, Yang JD. A T-flask based screening platform for evaluating and identifying plant hydrolysates for a fed-batch cell culture process. Cytotechnology 2007; 55:15-29. [PMID: 19002991 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-007-9090-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2007] [Accepted: 07/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a T-flask based screening platform for evaluating and identifying plant hydrolysates for cell culture processes. The development of this platform was driven by an urgent need of replacing a soy hydrolysate that was no longer available for the fed-batch process of recombinant Sp2/0 cell culture expressing a humanized antibody. Series of small-scale experiments in T-flasks and 3-l bioreactors were designed to gain an insight on how this soy hydrolysate benefits the culture. A comprehensive, function-oriented screening platform then was developed, consisting of three T-flask tests, namely the protection test, the growth promotion test, and the growth inhibition test. The cell growth in these three T-flask tests enabled a good prediction of the cell growth in the fed-batch bioreactor process. Fourteen plant hydrolysate candidates were quickly evaluated by this platform for their ability to exert strong protection, high cell growth promotion, and low cell growth inhibition to the culture. One soy hydrolysate was successfully identified to support the comparable cell growth as the discontinued soy hydrolysate. Because of the advantage of using small-scale batch culture to guide bioreactor fed-batch culture, this proposed platform approach has the potential for other applications, such as the medium and feeding optimization, and the mechanism study of plant hydrolysates, in a high throughput format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canghai Lu
- Immunomedics, Inc., 300 American Road, Morris Plains, NJ, 07950, USA,
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Chun BH, Kim JH, Lee HJ, Chung N. Usability of size-excluded fractions of soy protein hydrolysates for growth and viability of Chinese hamster ovary cells in protein-free suspension culture. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2007; 98:1000-5. [PMID: 16797979 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2006] [Revised: 04/17/2006] [Accepted: 04/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of size-excluded fraction of non-animal protein hydrolysate on growth, viability and longevity of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, several commercially available protein hydrolysates were evaluated as a feed supplement to chemically-defined protein-free suspension culture. Soy protein hydrolysates showed better supporting capability for cell growth and viability than the other types of hydrolysates. Maximal cell growth was not affected greatly by size exclusion of some soy hydrolysates such as bacto soytone and soy hydrolysates. CHO cells supplemented with size-excluded fractions of the two hydrolysates showed viable cell density and viability almost equal to those with their crude hydrolysates, although soy hydrolysates showed a little better performance. This suggested that the size-excluded hydrolysate fractions of some soy hydrolysate might be a potential culture medium additive to achieve better downstream operation in a large-scale production as well as enhanced productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bok-Hwan Chun
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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Luo Y, Chen G. Combined approach of NMR and chemometrics for screening peptones used in the cell culture medium for the production of a recombinant therapeutic protein. Biotechnol Bioeng 2007; 97:1654-9. [PMID: 17274067 DOI: 10.1002/bit.21365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Soy peptones or soy hydrolysates are widely used as key medium additives in serum-free cell culture processes for industrial production of therapeutic recombinant proteins. The heterogeneous nature of these vegetable-derived materials can lead to substantial lot- to-lot variability in cell culture processes. In this study, we demonstrated the feasibility of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics in rapid screening peptone lots in order to optimize efficiency and consistency of large-scale protein production. This report is the first that shows a correlation between the intrinsic NMR spectral characteristics of complex heterogeneous materials and product titer using chemometrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- Department of Global Cellular and Analytical Resources, Amgen, Inc., one Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, USA.
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Iding K, Büntemeyer H, Gudermann F, Deutschmann SM, Kionka C, Lehmann J. An automatic system for the assessment of complex medium additives under cultivation conditions. Biotechnol Bioeng 2001; 73:442-8. [PMID: 11344448 DOI: 10.1002/bit.1078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Complex medium additives such as yeast extract or peptone are often used in industrial cell culture processes to prolong cell growth and/or to improve product formation. The quality of those supplements is dependent on the preparation method and can differ from lot to lot. To guarantee consistent production these different lots have to be tested prior to use in fermentation processes. Because a detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis of all components of such a complex mixture is a very difficult task, another assessment method has to be chosen. The best way to evaluate the effect of such supplements is to monitor cell activity during real cultivation conditions with and without the added supplement lot. A bioreactor-based test system has been developed to determine the oxygen requirement of the cells as a response to the addition of a supplement to be tested under standardized conditions. Investigations were performed with a mouse-mouse hybridoma cell line and yeast extracts as an example for complex medium additives. The results showed differences in the impact between different extract lots and between different concentrations of an extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Iding
- Institute of Cell Culture Technology, University of Bielefeld, P.O. Box 100131, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
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