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VLIEGENTHART JFG. The complexity of glycoprotein-derived glycans. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2017; 93:64-86. [PMID: 28190870 PMCID: PMC5422628 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.93.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A brief review is presented of our studies on the structure of glycoprotein-derived glycans. The emphasis is on the introduction of high-resolution 1H-NMR spectroscopy for the unambiguous determination of primary structures. For this purpose, we developed the structural reporter group concept. Structural reporters are defined as unique markers of structural elements in the NMR spectra. Application of this concept led to the discovery of numerous new structures. Furthermore, a number of structures presented in the literature could be corrected. The results are relevant for insight in the various steps in glycan metabolism in health and disease, for the function and mode of action of glycans in vivo and for the interpretation of structural information obtained through other techniques. The strength of the approach is further shown for several highly complex glycoproteins, carrying very heterogeneous and complicated glycans.
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Fellenberg M, Behnken HN, Nagel T, Wiegandt A, Baerenfaenger M, Meyer B. Glycan analysis: scope and limitations of different techniques--a case for integrated use of LC-MS(/MS) and NMR techniques. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:7291-305. [PMID: 23852147 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7164-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The structure of glycans from glycoproteins is highly relevant for their function. We tightly integrate liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), MS/MS, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data to achieve a complete characterization of even isobaric glycans differing in only one linkage position or in the substitution in one branch. As example, we analyzed ten desialylated underivatized glycans from bovine fibrinogen. The molecules were separated on a PGC column, and LC-MS data allowed an assignment of the compositions of the glycans. MS/MS data of the same glycans allowed elucidation of sequence and to some extent of branching and linkage. All MS/MS fragmentation methods led to multiple dissociations, resulting in several cases in ambiguous data. The MS/MS data were interpreted both by scientists and automatically by software, and the differential results are compared. Additional data from a tight integration of LC-MS and NMR data resulted in a complete structural characterization of the glycans. The acquisition of simple 1D (1)H NMR data led--in combination with LC-MS and MS/MS data--to an unambiguous assignment of the isobaric glycans. Compounds that were not separated in the chromatography could easily be assigned structurally by applying the 3D cross-correlation (3DCC) technology to arrive at NMR spectra of the pure components-without actually separating them. By applying LC-MS, MS/MS, 1D (1)H NMR, and 3DCC together, one can assign glycan structures from glycoconjugates with high confidence affording only 200 pmol of glycan material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Fellenberg
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
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Damm JBL, Bergwerff AA, Hård K, Kamerling JP, Vliegenthart JFG. Sialic acid patterns in N-linked carbohydrate chains. Structural analysis of the N-acetyl-/N-glycolyl-neuraminic-acid-containing N-linked carbohydrate chains of bovine fibrinogen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19891081007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Thaysen-Andersen M, Mysling S, Højrup P. Site-Specific Glycoprofiling of N-Linked Glycopeptides Using MALDI-TOF MS: Strong Correlation between Signal Strength and Glycoform Quantities. Anal Chem 2009; 81:3933-43. [DOI: 10.1021/ac900231w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M, DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Simon Mysling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M, DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Peter Højrup
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M, DK-5230, Denmark
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Clemetson KJ. Blood glycoproteins⁎*~~~~This chapter is dedicated to Prof. R.U. Lemieux who played a major role in awakening a whole generation to the importance of carbohydrate structure in biology. GLYCOPROTEINS II 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60622-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Schauer R, Kamerling JP. Chemistry, biochemistry and biology of sialic acids ☆. NEW COMPREHENSIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1997; 29. [PMCID: PMC7147860 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Schauer
- Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechls-Universität zu Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannis P. Kamerling
- Bijuoet Center, Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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Plancke Y, Delplace F, Wieruszeski JM, Maes E, Strecker G. Isolation and structures of glycoprotein-derived free oligosaccharides from the unfertilized eggs of Scyliorhinus caniculus. Characterization of the sequences galactose(alpha 1-4)galactose(beta 1-3)-N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid(alpha 2-6)galactose(beta 1-3)-N-acetylglucosamine. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1996; 235:199-206. [PMID: 8631330 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.00199.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
As previously reported [Ishii, K., Iwasaki, M., Inoue, S., Kenny, P. T. M., Komura, H. & Inoue, Y. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 1623-1630; Inoue, S., Iwasaki, M., Ishii, K., Kitajima, K. & Inoue, Y. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 18520-185261, the unfertilized eggs of two different species of fresh-water fish, Plecoglossus altivelis and Tribodolon hakonensis, contain relatively large amounts of free sialooligosaccharides. These oligosaccharides were found to derive from glycophosphoproteins, owing to the activity of a peptide - N4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase [Iwasaki, M., Seko, A., Kitajima, K., Inoue, Y. & Inoue, S. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 24287-24296; Seko, A., Kitajima, K., Inoue, Y. & Inoue, S. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 22110-22114]. Here we describe a new type of free oligosaccharides, isolated from unfertilized eggs of Scyliorhinus caniculus. From the structural analysis, based upon 1H-NMR spectroscopy, the following glycan units are proposed.[Formula: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Plancke
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Unité Mixte de Recherches du C.N.R.S. no. 111, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, France
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Coddeville B, Stratil A, Wieruszeski JM, Oliver RW, Green BN, Spik G. Characterization of sheep hemopexin glycovariants. Glycoconj J 1995; 12:645-50. [PMID: 8595255 DOI: 10.1007/bf00731260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The hemopexin phenotype HpxB1 isolated from sheep serum, yields three major bands when subjected to starch gel and/or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis which are here designated as subcomponents HpxB1-I, HpxB1-II and HpxB1-III. Electrospray mass spectrometric analysis of samples of the isolated subcomponents prepared by ion exchange chromatography showed that each was composed of three glycoproteins and that the major difference between the subcomponents was due to their constituent glycoproteins possessing different numbers of sialic acid residues. Combined analysis of the ESI-MS data and of the overall carbohydrate compositional data obtained by colorimetric procedures, leads to the composition of the glycan of each glycoprotein, and a combined methylation and 400 MHz H-NMR analysis of the alkaline cleaved glycans identified them as being of only the biantennary N-acetyllactosamine type. Taking into account the molecular mass, the carbohydrate content and structure it may be concluded that each of the constituent glycoproteins contain five N-glycosidically linked glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Coddeville
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Goulut-Chassaing C, Bourrillon R. Structural differences between complex-type Asn-linked glycan chains of glycoproteins in rat hepatocytes and Zajdela hepatoma cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1995; 1244:30-40. [PMID: 7766666 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(94)00191-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Using serial lectin-affinity chromatography, glycosidase digestion, and NMR and methylation analysis, the structures of complex N-linked glycan chains (M(r) range 2000-3500) of rat hepatocytes and poorly differentiated chemically transformed Zajdela ascites hepatoma cells were determined and compared. The results revealed considerable differences between the two cell types: (i) hepatoma cells only expressed tri- and/or tetra-antennary complex N-linked glycan chains, whereas hepatocytes displayed large amounts of bi-antennary N-linked structures and smaller amounts of tri-/tetra-antennary structures; (ii) 20% of the glycan chains in hepatoma cells contained a bisecting GlcNAc residue which was beta (1,4)-linked to the beta-mannosyl residue of the core and was not detected in the hepatocytes; (iii) hepatoma cells expressed a high proportion of the fucosylated or not GlNAc beta (1,6) Man alpha 1-->branch, whereas hepatocytes only contained a little of this branch; (iv) hepatoma cells, but not hepatocytes, exhibited a repeating (Gal beta(1,4) GlcNAc beta (1,3)) sequence characteristic of poly-N-acetyllactosaminoglycans. These glycans were capped by both alpha-galactosyl and sialyl residues; (v) The alpha (2,3)/alpha (2,6)-linkage ratio of sialic acid was significantly higher in hepatoma cells (4/1 vs. 2/1 in hepatocytes); (vi) Only hepatocytes expressed an unusual structure in which a sialyl residue was alpha (2,6)-linked to a GlcNAc residue located within a NeuAc alpha (2,3) Gal beta (1,3) GlcNAc branch which was beta (1,4)-linked to Man alpha 1,3-->. The differences between these complex N-linked glycan chains in hepatocytes and hepatoma cells seem to be both quantitative and qualitative, since some glycan structures were only present in one cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Goulut-Chassaing
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Cellulaire, U.F.R. Biomédicale des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
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Hounsell EF. Physicochemical analyses of oligosaccharide determinants of glycoproteins. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 1994; 50:311-50. [PMID: 7942257 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2318(08)60154-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E F Hounsell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London, England
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Venembre PC, Nguyen CH, Biou DR, Durand GM. Changes in the glycoforms of rat alpha-1-acid glycoprotein during experimental polyarthritis. Clin Chim Acta 1993; 221:59-71. [PMID: 8149643 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(93)90022-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We analyzed the carbohydrate moiety of purified alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) from Lewis adult male rats that were healthy (AGPh) or had experimental polyarthritis (AGPi). Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis before and after N-glycanase treatment showed that AGPi had a slightly lower molecular mass (43 kDa vs. 45 kDa for AGPh) due to a lesser carbohydrate content. Carbohydrate analysis of purified AGP showed a slight decrease in the sialyl and galactosyl molar ratio in polyarthritis. However, the same difference in AGPh and AGPi (i.e. 0.6 residue) between the sialyl and galactosyl molar ratio indicated more than one sialyl residue per complex-type branch. Affinity for concanavalin A (ConA) of the whole glycoprotein and released oligosaccharides showed a progression during polyarthritis towards more reactive glycoforms or more ConA-bound oligosaccharides. Anion-exchange HPLC of the ConA-fractionated oligosaccharides corroborated the decreased sialylation in polyarthritis. Taken together, these results suggest a fall in branched and sialylated oligosaccharides during experimental polyarthritis. These structural changes might be related to an increase in Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc alpha 2-6 sialyltransferase activity described elsewhere in inflammatory states.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Venembre
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Générale, UER des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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Bendiak B, Ward LD, Simpson RJ. Proteins of the Golgi apparatus. Purification to homogeneity, N-terminal sequence, and unusually large Stokes radius of the membrane-bound form of UDP-galactose:N-acetylglucosamine beta 1-4galactosyltransferase from rat liver. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1993; 216:405-17. [PMID: 8375379 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The Golgi marker enzyme, UDP-galactose:N-acetylglucosamine beta 1-4galactosyltransferase (beta 1-4GalT) was purified 44300-fold in its intact, membrane-bound form from rat liver membranes. The protein was isolated from detergent extracts as a high-M(r) form, having a Stokes radius approximating a globular protein of M(r) 440,000. It is comprised of a single protein component as observed on SDS/polyacrylamide gels, having an M(r) near 51,000, and does not have intermolecular disulfide cross-links. N-terminal sequencing of the enzyme demonstrated that it contains an N-terminal hydrophobic stretch deduced previously from cDNA encoding for the enzyme. Previous studies have indicated that the protein may be translated at either of two AUG sites near the 5' end of the mRNA [Russo, R. N., Shaper, N. L. & Shaper, J. H. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 3324-3331], giving rise to two polypeptides, one appended with 13 amino acids. In the work described here, evidence was only found for the sequence of the short form, missing a single methionine at the N-terminus. Mild proteolytic treatment cleaved the enzyme, giving rise to low-M(r) forms which were fully catalytically active and which, upon sequencing, were missing a 66-amino-acid stretch from the N-terminus (as compared to the mouse cDNA). Proteolytic treatment was accompanied by conversion of the form having a large Stokes radius to one approximating a globular protein with M(r) near 50,000. The N-terminal stretch appears to contribute to maintenance of the form having a large Stokes radius. This may be the result of interaction with a detergent micelle, dimerization or oligomerization, or interaction with some other large, non-protein molecule, although a detergent exchange still resulted in a form having a large Stokes radius.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bendiak
- Department of Enzymology, University of Washington, Seattle
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Pfeiffer G, Dabrowski U, Dabrowski J, Stirm S, Strube KH, Geyer R. Carbohydrate structure of a thrombin-like serine protease from Agkistrodon rhodostoma. Structure elucidation of oligosaccharides by methylation analysis, liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry and proton magnetic resonance. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1992; 205:961-78. [PMID: 1315684 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The carbohydrate side chains of the thrombin-like serine protease ancrod from the venom of the Malayan pit viper Agkistrodon rhodostoma were liberated from tryptic glycopeptides by treatment with peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase F and fractionated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Glycans obtained were characterized by digestion with exoglycosidases, methylation analysis and, in part, by liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The results reveal that this snake venom glycoprotein contains partially truncated di-, tri- and tetraantennary complex type N-glycans carrying Fuc(alpha 1-6) residues at the innermost N-acetylglucosamine and solely (alpha 2-3)-linked sialic acid substituents. As a characteristic feature, ancrod oligosaccharides comprise mainly sialylated Gal beta 3GlcNAc beta lactosamine antennae. Furthermore, a small proportion of the sugar chains were found to carry a NeuAc alpha 3GalNAc beta 4GlcNAc beta antenna exclusively linked to C-2 of Man(alpha 1-3) residues of the pentasaccharide core. Thus, many of the glycans found represent novel glycoprotein-N-glycan structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pfeiffer
- Biochemisches Institut am Klinikum der Universität, Giessen, Federal Republic of Germany
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High-Resolution 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Oligosaccharide-Alditols Released from Mucin-Type O-Glycoproteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-9474-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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15
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Spik G, Coddeville B, Strecker G, Montreuil J, Regoeczi E, Chindemi PA, Rudolph JR. Carbohydrate microheterogeneity of rat serotransferrin. Determination of glycan primary structures and characterization of a new type of trisialylated diantennary glycan. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1991; 195:397-405. [PMID: 1997323 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb15719.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A previously established procedure [Regoeczi, E., Chindemi, P.A., Rudolph, J. R., Spik, G. & Montreuil, J. (1987) Biochem. Cell Biol. 65, 948-954] was used to isolate from three DEAE-cellulose chromatographic fractions of diferric rat serotransferrin (rTf) subpopulations having discernible affinities for concanavalin A (ConA). These entities are designated rTf-1 (not retarded by ConA column), rTf-2 (retarded) and rTf-3 (bound). Each rTf type was found to be endowed with carbohydrate sufficient to account for a single diantennary glycan/protein molecule. Glycan structures were determined on the glycopeptides by employing GLC/MS and 400-MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy. All glycans possessed a common, trimannosyl-N,N'-diacetylchitobiose core with or without one L-fucose alpha-1,6-linked to the Asn-linked GlcNAc. However, there were differences in the antennae. Thus, in rTf-3, both antennae were of the disialylated diantennary N-acetyllactosamine type which is frequently encountered in other plasma glycoproteins. However, the alpha-1,3-Man-linked antenna in rTf-1 as well as rTf-2 had the sequence: Neu5Ac(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-3)[Neu5Ac(alpha 2-6)]GlcNAc(beta 1-2)Man. In addition, the alpha-1,6-Man-linked antenna deviated in rTf-2 from the standard structure by having the sequence: Neu5Ac(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-3)GlcNAc(beta 1-2)Man. The possible relevance of the above structures to the ConA binding of rTf is discussed. A further preparation, obtained from the most anionic DEAE-cellulose fraction (peak V) or rTf contained several tetrasialylated diantennary glycans whose precise structures remain to be established in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Spik
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille Flandres-Artois, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Platzer N, Davoust D, Lhermitte M, Bauvy C, Meyer DM, Derappe C. Structural analysis of five lactose-containing oligosaccharides by improved, high-resolution, two-dimensional 1H-n.m.r. spectroscopy. Carbohydr Res 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(89)85064-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Gyves PW, Gesundheit N, Stannard BS, DeCherney GS, Weintraub BD. Alterations in the Glycosylation of Secreted Thyrotropin during Ontogenesis. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83319-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Finne J, Breimer ME, Hansson GC, Karlsson KA, Leffler H, Vliegenthart JFG, van Halbeek H. Novel Polyfucosylated N-Linked Glycopeptides with Blood Group A, H, X, and Y Determinants from Human Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells. J Biol Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Green ED, Adelt G, Baenziger JU, Wilson S, Van Halbeek H. The asparagine-linked oligosaccharides on bovine fetuin. Structural analysis of N-glycanase-released oligosaccharides by 500-megahertz 1H NMR spectroscopy. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)81354-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Tarrago MT, Tucker KH, Van Halbeek H, Smith DF. A novel sialylhexasaccharide from human milk: purification by affinity chromatography on immobilized wheat germ agglutinin. Arch Biochem Biophys 1988; 267:353-62. [PMID: 3196033 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(88)90041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A sialylhexasaccharide fraction (S-5) of human milk was obtained as described by A. Kobata and V. Ginsburg [(1972) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 150, 273-281] and labeled by reduction with NaB[3H]4. When subjected to affinity chromatography on immobilized wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a single component representing 60% of the S-5 fraction was retarded by the column. The asialo derivative of the WGA-retarded oligosaccharide had a higher affinity for the WGA column than the native sialyloligosaccharide. The neutral hexaose was identified as lacto-N-neohexaose by sequential exoglycosidase digestions in combination with gel filtration analyses of digestion products. Enzymatic removal of the nonsialylated branch of the intact sialyloligosaccharide by jack bean beta-galactosidase and beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase resulted in a single sialyl[3H]tetraose which was identified as sialyltetrasaccharide c (NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4GlcO[3H]) by cochromatography with authentic standard and specific antibody binding. Independent evidence for the structure of the sialylhexasaccharide was obtained by 500-MHz1H NMR spectroscopy of the WGA-purified oligosaccharide before and after neuraminidase digestion. The structural data are consistent with the following, previously undescribed, sialylhexaose in human milk: (formula; see text).
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Tarrago
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061
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Michiels C, Remacle J. Use of the inhibition of enzymatic antioxidant systems in order to evaluate their physiological importance. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1988; 177:435-41. [PMID: 2903826 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14393.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemical inhibitors of the different antioxidant enzymes were systematically testet either on purified enzymes of after incubation with human fibroblasts in culture. Inhibition values were obtained for catalase with aminotriazole, for superoxide dismutase with diethyldithiocarbamate, for glutathione peroxidase with mercaptosuccinate, for glutathione reductase with bischloroethylnitrosourea and for glutathione synthesis with buthionine sulfoximine. Viability of cells incubated with these inhibitors was then tested under normal conditions and under high oxygen pressure; the data were correlated with the above-mentioned inhibitory values. Cell viability was particularly affected when the glutathione-related enzymes, especially glutathione peroxidase, were inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Michiels
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Cellulaire, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Namur, Belgium
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Strecker G, Wieruszeski JM, Michalski JC, Montreuil J. Structure of a new nonasaccharide isolated from human milk: VI2Fuc,V4Fuc,III3Fuc-p-lacto-N-hexaose. Glycoconj J 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01049914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Gunnarsson A. N-andO-alkylation of glycoconjugates and polysaccharides by solid base in dimethyl sulphoxide/alkyl lodide. Glycoconj J 1987. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01048429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mutsaers JH, van Halbeek H, Vliegenthart JF, Wu AM, Kabat EA. Typing of core and backbone domains of mucin-type oligosaccharides from human ovarian-cyst glycoproteins by 500-MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1986; 157:139-46. [PMID: 3709529 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1986.tb09649.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human blood-group A active glycoproteins from ovarian-cyst fluid were subjected to Smith degradation and subsequent beta-elimination. The resulting oligosaccharide-alditols represent the core and backbone domains of the O-linked carbohydrate chains. Nine of these, ranging in size from disaccharides to hexasaccharides, were investigated by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Their primary structures could be adequately characterized. In particular, the core types, i.e. the substitution patterns of N-acetylgalactosaminitol (GalNAc-ol) as well as the types of backbone, i.e. the linkage types of alternating Gal-GlcNAc sequences, were unambiguously identified. The core type GlcNAc beta(1-3)GalNAc-ol is described for the first time as occurring in ovarian-cyst glycoprotein.
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