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Immunocytochemical analysis of P2X2 in rat circumvallate taste buds. BMC Neurosci 2012; 13:51. [PMID: 22621423 PMCID: PMC3507709 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-13-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our laboratory has shown that classical synapses and synaptic proteins are associated with Type III cells. Yet it is generally accepted that Type II cells transduce bitter, sweet and umami stimuli. No classical synapses, however, have been found associated with Type II cells. Recent studies indicate that the ionotropic purinergic receptors P2X2/P2X3 are present in rodent taste buds. Taste nerve processes express the ionotropic purinergic receptors (P2X2/P2X3). P2X2/P2X3Dbl−/− mice are not responsive to sweet, umami and bitter stimuli, and it has been proposed that ATP acts as a neurotransmitter in taste buds. The goal of the present study is to learn more about the nature of purinergic contacts in rat circumvallate taste buds by examining immunoreactivity to antisera directed against the purinergic receptor P2X2. Results P2X2-like immunoreactivity is present in intragemmal nerve processes in rat circumvallate taste buds. Intense immunoreactivity can also be seen in the subgemmal nerve plexuses located below the basal lamina. The P2X2 immunoreactive nerve processes also display syntaxin-1-LIR. The immunoreactive nerves are in close contact with the IP3R3-LIR Type II cells and syntaxin-1-LIR and/or 5-HT-LIR Type III cells. Taste cell synapses are observed only from Type III taste cells onto P2X2-LIR nerve processes. Unusually large, “atypical” mitochondria in the Type II taste cells are found only at close appositions with P2X2-LIR nerve processes. P2X2 immunogold particles are concentrated at the membranes of nerve processes at close appositions with taste cells. Conclusions Based on our immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopical studies we believe that both perigemmal and most all intragemmal nerve processes display P2X2-LIR. Moreover, colloidal gold immunoelectron microscopy indicates that P2X2-LIR in nerve processes is concentrated at sites of close apposition with Type II cells. This supports the hypothesis that ATP may be a key neurotransmitter in taste transduction and that Type II cells release ATP, activating P2X2 receptors in nerve processes.
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Royer SM, Kinnamon JC. Application of serial sectioning and three-dimensional reconstruction to the study of taste bud ultrastructure and organization. Microsc Res Tech 1994; 29:381-407. [PMID: 7858318 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.1070290508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The lingual taste buds of mammals are complex organs containing dozens of cells of varying morphology and numerous nerve fibers that are intermingled among the cellular processes. Some of the taste bud cells form synaptic contacts with these nerve fibers. Important questions remain to be answered regarding the structure and function of the cells of various types within taste buds and the means by which responses to gustatory stimuli are transmitted to the nerve fibers that communicate with the brain. Using both conventional and high voltage electron microscopy, we have examined serially sectioned taste buds from the tongues of mice and rabbits in order to address these issues and to obtain more complete information than that available from sampling of sections. The technique of computer-assisted 3-D reconstruction was used to generate models of whole taste buds and individual cellular and neural elements within taste buds from the serial sections. Analysis of serially sectioned taste buds from mice and rabbits has revealed that in both of these species relatively few (30% or less) of the cells within the taste buds form synaptic contacts with nerve fibers. In the foliate taste buds of rabbits, all of the cells that are presynaptic to nerve fibers are of a single morphological type (type III). The cells that are presynaptic to nerve fibers within the taste buds of mice are morphologically diverse. A pattern of synaptic connectivity exists within murine taste buds such that a given nerve fiber receives synaptic input only from taste cells that are ultrastructurally similar. In the taste buds of both mice and rabbits, we have observed both divergence and convergence of synaptic input from the putative taste receptor cells onto nerve fibers, suggesting that at the level of the taste bud there is some integration of the information generated by individual receptor cells. In addition to typical chemical synapses, other cytoplasmic specializations (such as subsurface cisternae and atypical mitochondria) may be involved in interactions between taste bud cells and nerve fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Royer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Colorado 80208
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Royer SM, Kinnamon JC. Ultrastructure of mouse foliate taste buds: synaptic and nonsynaptic interactions between taste cells and nerve fibers. J Comp Neurol 1988; 270:11-24, 58-9. [PMID: 3372732 DOI: 10.1002/cne.902700103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
High voltage electron microscopy and conventional transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the ultrastructure of foliate taste buds of mice. Computer-assisted, three-dimensional reconstructions from serial sections were used to visualize regions of interaction between taste cells and nerve fibers. Based on criteria previously established for murine vallate taste buds (Kinnamon et al., '85), foliate taste cells were classified as dark, light, or intermediate depending on their cytoplasmic content and the characteristics of their nuclei. Cells of foliate taste buds display a continuous range of morphologies, from "typical" dark cells to "typical" light cells. Cells of dark, intermediate, and light morphologies all make afferent synapses onto nerve processes, suggesting that cells of all 3 types are sensory in function. Synapses between taste cells and nerve processes may be either macular or fingerlike in shape. No efferent synapses were found. In addition to conventional synapses, taste cells exhibit 2 other types of specializations at sites of apposition with nerve fibers: subsurface cisternae and atypical mitochondria. Subsurface cisternae are narrow sacs of endoplasmic reticulum that are closely apposed to the inner leaflet of the taste cell membrane. Possible functions of subsurface cisternae include synthesis of synaptic membrane components, modification of the electrical or adhesive properties of the taste cell membrane, and exchange of trophic factors with nerve processes. Atypical mitochondria are usually much larger than typical taste cell mitochondria, and their cristae often display a swollen, twisted configuration. These mitochondria are closely apposed to the inside of the taste cell membrane adjacent to nerve fibers. Atypical mitochondria may be providing unusual amounts of energy for metabolic reactions in their vicinities or participating in calcium buffering in the taste cell. Within taste cells, presynaptic specializations, subsurface cisternae, and mitochondria are often clustered together to form "synaptic ensembles." We hypothesize that the functions served by the subsurface cisternae and mitochondria, as well as synaptic transmission, may be important in interactions between taste cells and nerve fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Royer
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309-0347
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Petito CK, Babiak T. Early proliferative changes in astrocytes in postischemic noninfarcted rat brain. Ann Neurol 1982; 11:510-8. [PMID: 7103427 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410110511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Transient cerebral ischemia in rats was produced by permanent occlusion of the vertebral arteries and 30-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries. This model produces ischemic necrosis of neurons in the corpus striatum, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus; infarcts, with necrosis of neuropil, astrocytes, and blood vessels, are rare. Changes in striatal astrocytes at 40 minutes and 3 hours of reperfusion were evaluated by electron microscopy, and quantitative estimates of increases in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial area were performed. In areas of corpus striatum with moderate ischemic cell change, the percentage of astrocytic nuclei increased from 10.79% in controls to 17.76% at 40 minutes after ischemia (p less than 0.01) and 19.86% at 3 hours (p less than 0.01). Astrocytic cytoplasm was expanded and contained increased numbers of mitochondria, many of which were pleomorphic and had dilated intracristal spaces and condensed matrix. Rough endoplasmic reticulum was increased. Total mitochondrial area and number of mitochondrial profiles rose significantly in the astrocytic perikarya and foot processes at 3 hours postischemia. The greater number of astrocytes, the increases in mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum and the configurational changes in the mitochondria suggest increased metabolic activity of astrocytes in postischemic, noninfarcted brain.
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Jones JL, Proskauer CC, Paull WK, Lepeschkin E, Jones RE. Ultrastructural injury to chick myocardial cells in vitro following "electric countershock". Circ Res 1980; 46:387-94. [PMID: 7357694 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.46.3.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Webster KA, Bronk JR. Ion movements during energy-linked mitochondrial structural changes. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1978; 10:23-44. [PMID: 45333 DOI: 10.1007/bf00743225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The structure of isolated rat liver mitochondria has been observed in the electron microscope following incubation of the mitochondria in vitro under a variety of conditions. The results show that ultrastructural changes are only associated with the energization and deenergization of isolated mitochondria if the composition of the incubation medium permits ion movements in or out of the matrix. The mechanism of energy coupling does not appear to depend on these major mitochondrial structural changes. The addition of low levels of valinomycin greatly increases the rate at which the matrix compartment swells and shrinks on energization and deenergization even at low K+ concentrations.
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Buffa P, Pasquali-Ronchetti I. Biochemical lesions of respiratory enzymes and configurational changes of mitochondria in vivo. II. Early ultrastructural modifications correlated to the biochemical lesion induced by fluoroacetate. Cell Tissue Res 1977; 183:1-23. [PMID: 922823 DOI: 10.1007/bf00219988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Correlative biochemical and electron microscopic alterations were observed in chick embryo myoblasts in vitro after treatment with fluoroacetate. Fluoroacetate poisoning caused an increase of citrate and a decrease of ATP in the cultures. Cell respiration was only slighly impaired by fluoroacetate in the first 10 min but was inhibited to 30% one hour after exposure to the poison. Fluoroacetate did not affect oxidative phosphorylation. The evidence suggests that fluoroacetate was transformed in myoblasts into fluorocitrate which inhibited the mitochondrial-bound aconitate hydratase as in adult tissues. Ultrastructural changes in the majority of the fluoroacetate-treated cells were observed. Very few myoblasts appeared unaffected by the poison. Mitochondria were specifically altered. The early changes occurred in the mitochondrial matrix where the inhibited enzyme is known to be located and were followed by modifications in the configuration and structure of cristae. Exogenous fluorocitrate caused ultrastructural changes in the mitochondria similar to that provoked by fluoroacetate. The localization of the early change in the mitochondrial matrix and the evaluation of the structural modifications suggest a correlation between the biochemical lesion, i.e. the inhibition of aconitate hydratase, and the change revealed in the mitochondrial structure containing the inhibited enzyme.
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Wakabayashi T, Asano M, Kurono C, Ozawa T, Kishimoto H. Zonation of the adrenal cortex. II. Effect of BSA on coupling efficiency of mitochondria isolated from the zona glomerulosa of the bovine adrenal cortex. ACTA PATHOLOGICA JAPONICA 1976; 26:457-66. [PMID: 983708 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1976.tb00503.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Effect of bovine serum albumin on coupling efficiency of mitochondria isolated from the zona glomerulosa of the bovine adrenal cortex in various media was examined polarographically and electron microscopically. Albumin restored the coupling efficiency of mitochondria isolated from the zona glomerulosa regardless of isolation media when succinate or malate was oxidizable substrate. Respiratory controls greater than 5 were obtained. Albumin, however, had no effect when glutamate, beta-hydroxybutylate and pyruvate were the oxidizable substrates. The conditions have been found under which mitochondria of the zona glomerulosa stay in the orthodox configuration and yet coupled.
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Muscatello U, Bobyleva VG, Pasquali-Ronchetti I, Ballotti-Ricci AM. Configurational changes in isolated rat liver mitochondria as revealed by negative staining. III. Modifications caused by uncoupling agents. JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH 1975; 52:1-12. [PMID: 50454 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5320(75)80017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Klietmann W, Sato N, Nass MM. Establishment and characterization of ethidium bromide resistance in simian virus 40-transformed hamster cells. Effects on mitochondria in vivo. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1973; 58:11-26. [PMID: 4353638 PMCID: PMC2109030 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.58.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes the isolation and subsequent characterization of four mammalian cell lines resistant to ethidium bromide (EB). Treatment of the simian virus 40- (SV40) transformed hamster cell line F5-1 first led to the establishment of the F2 cell line, which is resistant to 2 microg EB/ml. At this concentration cytochromes c and b are present in almost normal or only slightly diminished amounts, whereas cytochromes a + a(3) show an obvious decrease. The mitochondria of the F2 cell show a normal ultrastructure, not distinct from the parental cell line F5-1, and contain closed circular DNA. The sensitive parental F5-1 cells, however, when exposed to the same dye concentration exhibit the typical EB-induced ultrastructural changes in the mitochondria, and no more component I mitochondrial DNA can be demonstrated. 1 yr after establishment we derived from the F2 cell three more cell lines, resistant against 4, 8, and 16 microg of EB/ml. These cell lines, termed F4, F8, and F16, respectively, also revealed relatively intact-appearing mitochondria, although distinguishable from F5-1 and F2 mitochondria by a more condensed or unorthodox cristae conformation. F4, F8, and F16 cell lines contained closed circular mitochondrial DNA in the same position as that of the parental F5-1 cells, when analyzed in an isopycnic CsCl-EB gradient. A small shoulder at the lower density side of the DNA I peaks was observed. The newly acquired drug resistance of the F cells is hereditarily transmitted to the progeny cells and retained even after a period of growth in EB-free medium.
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Manchester KL, Bullock G, Roetzscher VM. Influence of methylxanthines and local anaesthetics on the metabolism of muscle and associated changes in mitochondrial morphology. Chem Biol Interact 1973; 6:273-96. [PMID: 4145316 DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(73)90043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Barasa A, Godina G, Buffa P, Pasquali-Ronchetti I. Biochemical lesions of respiratory enzymes and configurational changes of mitochondria in vivo. I. The effect of fluoroacetate: a study by phase-contrast microscopy and time-lapse cinemicrography. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ZELLFORSCHUNG UND MIKROSKOPISCHE ANATOMIE (VIENNA, AUSTRIA : 1948) 1973; 138:187-210. [PMID: 4348938 DOI: 10.1007/bf00306607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Green DE, Ji S, Brucker RF. Structure-function unitization model of biological membranes. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1973; 4:253-84. [PMID: 4352180 DOI: 10.1007/bf01516061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Vail WJ, Riley RK, Williams CH. The morphology and configurational states of isolated heavy beef heart mitochondria by the freeze fracture technique. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1972; 3:467-79. [PMID: 4675489 DOI: 10.1007/bf01539056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Thomson WW, Raison JK, Lyons JM. The induction of energized configurational changes in plant mitochondria, iv vivo. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1972; 3:531-8. [PMID: 4650926 DOI: 10.1007/bf01539062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Hatase O, Wakabayashi T, Hayashi H, Green DE. Collapse and extension of the headpiece-stalk projections in mitochondrial electron transport particles. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1972; 3:509-14. [PMID: 4675490 DOI: 10.1007/bf01539059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Addink AD, Boer P, Wakabayashi T, Green DE. Enzyme localization in beef-heart mitochondria. A biochemical and electron-microscopic study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1972; 29:47-59. [PMID: 4343300 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb01955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Popinigis J, Wrzolkowa T, Takahashi Y, Williams CH. 'Crystal-like structures' of boiled beef heart mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 256:607-10. [PMID: 5016552 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(72)90090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Green DE, Brucker RF. The Molecular Principles of Biological Membrane Construction and Function. Bioscience 1972. [DOI: 10.2307/1296179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Popinigis J, Takahashi Y, Wakabayashi T, Hull RM, Williams CH. Some aspects of mitochondrial structure. FEBS Lett 1971; 19:221-224. [PMID: 11946216 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(71)80518-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Popinigis
- Institute for Enzyme Research and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin, 53706, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Hackenbrock CR, Rehn TG, Weinbach EC, Lemasters JJ. Oxidative phosphorylation and ultrastructural transformation in mitochondria in the intact ascites tumor cell. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1971; 51:123-37. [PMID: 5111873 PMCID: PMC2108254 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.51.1.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We have examined the ultrastructure of mitochondria as it relates to energy metabolism in the intact cell. Oxidative phosphorylation was induced in ultrastructurally intact Ehrlich ascites tumor cells by rapidly generating intracellular adenosine diphosphate from endogenous adenosine triphosphate by the addition of 2-deoxyglucose. The occurrence of oxidative phosphorylation was ascertained indirectly by continuous and synchronous monitoring of respiratory rate, fluorescence of pyridine nucleotide, and 90 degrees light-scattering. Oxidative phosphorylation was confirmed by direct enzymatic analysis of intracellular adenine nucleotides and by determination of intracellular inorganic orthophosphate. Microsamples of cells rapidly fixed for electron microscopy revealed that, in addition to oxidative phosphorylation, an orthodox --> condensed ultrastructural transformation occurred in the mitochondria of all cells in less than 6 sec after the generation of adenosine diphosphate by 2-deoxyglucose. A 90 degrees light-scattering increase, which also occurs at this time, showed a t (1/2) of only 25 sec which agreed temporally with a slower orthodox --> maximally condensed mitochondrial transformation. Neither oxidative phosphorylation nor ultrastructural transformation could be initiated in mitochondria in intact cells by the intracellular generation of adenosine diphosphate in the presence of uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. Partial and complete inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation by oligomycin resulted in a positive relationship to partial and complete inhibition of 2-deoxyglucose-induced ultrastructural transformation in the mitochondria in these cells. The data presented reveal that an orthodox --> condensed ultrastructural transformation is linked to induced oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria in the intact ascites tumor cell.
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Hunter GR, Brierley GP. On the "energized-twisted" configuration of isolated beef heart mitochondria. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1971; 50:250-5. [PMID: 4935220 PMCID: PMC2108426 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.50.1.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Vail WJ, Riley KR. Ultrastructure of isolated heavy beef heart mitochondria revealed by the freeze-etching technique. Nature 1971; 231:525-7. [PMID: 4932998 DOI: 10.1038/231525a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Young JH, Blondin GA, Green DE. Conformational model of active transport: role of protons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1971; 68:1364-8. [PMID: 5288387 PMCID: PMC389190 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.68.6.1364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A conformational model of monovalent cation transport in mitochondria is described. Because it incorporates the proton-generated membrane potential and pH differential of the chemiosmotic model, the model successfully rationalizes a wide variety of mitochondrial ion-transport phenomena.
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On the stabilization by fixation of configurational states in beef heart mitochondria. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1970. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01517190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Green DE. The conformational basis of energy transductions in biological systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1970; 67:544-9. [PMID: 5289008 PMCID: PMC283242 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.67.2.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Allmann DW, Munroe J, Wakabayashi T, Green DE. Studies on the transition of the cristal membrane from the orthodox to the aggregated configuration. 3. Loss of coupling ability of adrenal cortex mitochondria in the orthodox configuration. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1970; 1:331-53. [PMID: 5527911 DOI: 10.1007/bf01654572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Korman EF, Harris RA, Williams CH, Wakabayashi T, Green DE. Paracrystalline arrays in mitochondria. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1970; 1:387-404. [PMID: 5527913 DOI: 10.1007/bf01654576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Allmann DW, Munroe J, Wakabayashi T, Harris RA, Green DE. Studies on the transition of the cristal membrane from the orthodox to the aggregated configuration. II. Determinants of the orthodox-aggregated transition in adrenal cortex mitochondria. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1970; 1:87-107. [PMID: 5005952 DOI: 10.1007/bf01516091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Korman EF, Addink AD, Wakabayashi T, Green DE. A unified model of mitochondrial morphology. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1970; 1:9-32. [PMID: 5527908 DOI: 10.1007/bf01516086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Allmann DW, Wakabayashi T, Korman EF, Green DE. Studies on the transition of the cristal membrane from the orthodox to the aggregated configuration. I. Topology of bovine adrenal cortex mitochondria in the orthodox configuration. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1970; 1:73-86. [PMID: 5527907 DOI: 10.1007/bf01516090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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